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Zheng Y, Lu T, Zhang L, Gan Z, Li A, He C, He F, He S, Zhang J, Xiong F. Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of rat molars reveals cell identity and driver genes associated with dental mesenchymal cell differentiation. BMC Biol 2024; 22:198. [PMID: 39256700 PMCID: PMC11389520 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01996-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in tooth morphogenesis have been the research focus in the fields of tooth and bone development. However, the cell population in molars at the late bell stage and the mechanisms of hard tissue formation and mineralization remain limited knowledge. RESULTS Here, we used the rat mandibular first and second molars as models to perform single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis to investigate cell identity and driver genes related to dental mesenchymal cell differentiation during the late bell hard tissue formation stage. We identified seven main cell types and investigated the heterogeneity of mesenchymal cells. Subsequently, we identified novel cell marker genes, including Pclo in dental follicle cells, Wnt10a in pre-odontoblasts, Fst and Igfbp2 in periodontal ligament cells, and validated the expression of Igfbp3 in the apical pulp. The dynamic model revealed three differentiation trajectories within mesenchymal cells, originating from two types of dental follicle cells and apical pulp cells. Apical pulp cell differentiation is associated with the genes Ptn and Satb2, while dental follicle cell differentiation is associated with the genes Tnc, Vim, Slc26a7, and Fgfr1. Cluster-specific regulons were analyzed by pySCENIC. In addition, the odontogenic function of driver gene TNC was verified in the odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. The expression of osteoclast differentiation factors was found to be increased in macrophages of the mandibular first molar. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed the cell heterogeneity of molars in the late bell stage and identified driver genes associated with dental mesenchymal cell differentiation. These findings provide potential targets for diagnosing dental hard tissue diseases and tooth regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Leitao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zhongzhi Gan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Aoxi Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Chuandong He
- Department of Medical Genetics, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Medical Genetics, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Sha He
- Bioinformatics Section, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| | - Fu Xiong
- Department of Medical Genetics, Experimental Education/Administration Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, China.
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Mitscherling J, Sczakiel HL, Kiskemper-Nestorjuk O, Winterhalter S, Mundlos S, Bartzela T, Mensah MA. Whole genome sequencing in families with oligodontia. Oral Dis 2024; 30:3935-3950. [PMID: 38071191 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Tooth agenesis (TA) is among the most common malformations in humans. Although several causative mutations have been described, the genetic cause often remains elusive. Here, we test whether whole genome sequencing (WGS) could bridge this diagnostic gap. METHODS In four families with TA, we assessed the dental phenotype using the Tooth Agenesis Code after intraoral examination and radiographic and photographic documentation. We performed WGS of index patients and subsequent segregation analysis. RESULTS We identified two variants of uncertain significance (a potential splice variant in PTH1R, and a 2.1 kb deletion abrogating a non-coding element in FGF7) and three pathogenic variants: a novel frameshift in the final exon of PITX2, a novel deletion in PAX9, and a known nonsense variant in WNT10A. Notably, the FGF7 variant was found in the patient, also featuring the WNT10A variant. While mutations in PITX2 are known to cause Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome 1 (ARS1) predominantly featuring ocular findings, accompanied by dental malformations, we found the PITX2 frameshift in a family with predominantly dental and varying ocular findings. CONCLUSION Severe TA predicts a genetic cause identifiable by WGS. Final exon PITX2 frameshifts can cause a predominantly dental form of ARS1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Mitscherling
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Charité - Centrum 03 für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, und Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrike L Sczakiel
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Junior Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- RG Development & Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Olga Kiskemper-Nestorjuk
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Charité - Centrum 03 für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, und Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sibylle Winterhalter
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Mundlos
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- RG Development & Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Theodosia Bartzela
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Charité - Centrum 03 für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, und Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin A Mensah
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- RG Development & Disease, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, Digital Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Stonehouse-Smith D, Ota L, Seehra J, Kwok J, Liu C, Seppala M, Cobourne MT. How do teeth erupt? Br Dent J 2024; 237:217-221. [PMID: 39123030 PMCID: PMC11315668 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The development of normal occlusion requires eruptive migration of teeth from their developmental position in the jaw into a functional position within the oral cavity. This process involves significant and coordinated movement in an axial direction and appropriate eruption through the gingival tissues. The mechanisms regulating these developmental events are poorly understood, and teeth retain eruptive potential throughout their lifespan. In recent years, the use of mouse models has helped to elucidate some of the underlying molecular and biological mechanisms of mammalian tooth eruption. Here, we outline our current understanding of tooth eruption mechanisms and discuss their relevance in terms of known human disorders of tooth eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stonehouse-Smith
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King´s College London, London, UK
| | - Laura Ota
- Dental Core Trainee, Guy´s and St Thomas´ NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Jadbinder Seehra
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King´s College London, London, UK
| | - Jerry Kwok
- Department of Oral Surgery, Guy´s and St Thomas´ NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Catherine Liu
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King´s College London, London, UK
| | - Maisa Seppala
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King´s College London, London, UK
| | - Martyn T Cobourne
- Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King´s College London, London, UK.
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Wang YL, Chu KY, Hsieh TF, Yao CCJ, Lin CH, Lee ZH, Wang SK. Orodental malformations associated with human MSX1 sequence variants. J Am Dent Assoc 2024; 155:484-495.e21. [PMID: 38713117 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2024.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MSX1 sequence variants have been known to cause human tooth agenesis (TA) with or without orofacial clefts. However, their roles during the whole processes of tooth development are not fully understood. This study aimed to characterize a 4-membered family with TA carrying a novel MSX1 pathogenic variant and investigate the disease mechanism. METHODS The authors conducted whole exome analysis to define the disease-causing sequence variant. They performed microcomputed tomography, morphometric analyses, transcriptome profiling, and molecular characterization to study the affected teeth and the gene variant. RESULTS The authors identified an MSX1 pathogenic variant, p.Glu232∗, in affected family members with TA and concomitant orodental anomalies, namely, prominent maxillary labial frenum, central incisor diastema, median maxillary anterior alveolar cleft, tooth fusion, mandibular molar dysmorphology, thin dentin layer, and slender dental roots. MSX1-defective teeth were not apparently microdontic but had thin dentin layers. The mandibular molars showed a homeotic transformation to maxillary counterparts. Genes involved in extracellular matrix organization and dentinogenesis, such as DMP1 and MMP20, were downregulated in dental pulp tissues of MSX1-defective teeth. The p.Glu232∗-truncated MSX1 properly localized to the nucleus but partially lost its transactivation ability. Analyzing reported cases indicated that truncation sequence variants within the homeobox domain of MSX1 caused a more severe TA phenotype than those outside of the homeobox domain, probably due to dominant negativity compared with haploinsufficiency. CONCLUSIONS This study provides in vivo evidence that MSX1 contributes to developmental processes of various orodental tissues in humans. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinically, hypertrophic labial frenum, incisor diastema, and median maxillary anterior alveolar cleft might be considered diagnostic for MSX1-associated TA.
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Zhang X, Yang Z, Zhang D, Bai M. The role of Semaphorin 3A in oral diseases. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1887-1896. [PMID: 37771213 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A), also referred to as H-Sema III, is a molecule with significant biological importance in regulating physiological and pathological processes. However, its role in oral diseases, particularly its association with inflammatory immunity and alveolar bone remodeling defects, remains poorly understood. This comprehensive review article aims to elucidate the recent advances in understanding SEMA3A in the oral system, encompassing nerve formation, periodontitis, pulpitis, apical periodontitis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Notably, we explore its novel function in inflammatory immunomodulation and alveolar bone formation during oral infectious diseases. By doing so, this review enhances our comprehension of SEMA3A's role in oral biology and opens up possibilities for modulatory approaches and potential treatments in oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Demao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingru Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Liu Y, Sun J, Zhang C, Wu Y, Ma S, Li X, Wu X, Gao Q. Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations exacerbated the tooth agenesis caused by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:136. [PMID: 38280992 PMCID: PMC10822191 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in the phenotypes of missing teeth between a pair of brothers with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and to investigate the underlying mechanism by comparing the mutated gene loci between the brothers with whole-exome sequencing. METHODS The clinical data of the patients and their mother were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. By Whole-exome sequencing filtered for a minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤0.05 non-synonymous single-nucleotide variations and insertions/deletions variations in genes previously associated with tooth agenesis, and variations considered as potentially pathogenic were assessed by SIFT, Polyphen-2, CADD and ACMG. Sanger sequencing was performed to detect gene variations. The secondary and tertiary structures of the mutated proteins were predicted by PsiPred 4.0 and AlphaFold 2. RESULTS Both brothers were clinically diagnosed with HED, but the younger brother had more teeth than the elder brother. An EDA variation (c.878 T > G) was identified in both brothers. Additionally, compound heterozygous variations of WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) were identified in the elder brother. Digenic variations in EDA (c.878 T > G) and WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) in the same patient have not been reported previously. The secondary structure of the variant WNT10A protein showed changes in the number and position of α-helices and β-folds compared to the wild-type protein. The tertiary structure of the WNT10A variant and molecular simulation docking showed that the site and direction where WNT10A binds to FZD5 was changed. CONCLUSIONS Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations may exacerbate the number of missing teeth in HED caused by EDA variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Liu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Caiqi Zhang
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingping Gao
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Yao S, Zhou X, Gu M, Zhang C, Bartsch O, Vona B, Fan L, Ma L, Pan Y. FGFR1 variants contributed to families with tooth agenesis. Hum Genomics 2023; 17:93. [PMID: 37833774 PMCID: PMC10576343 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-023-00539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth agenesis is a common dental anomaly that can substantially affect both the ability to chew and the esthetic appearance of patients. This study aims to identify possible genetic factors that underlie various forms of tooth agenesis and to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms through which human dental pulp stem cells may play a role in this condition. RESULTS Using whole-exome sequencing of a Han Chinese family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, a rare mutation in FGFR1 (NM_001174063.2: c.103G > A, p.Gly35Arg) was identified as causative and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Via GeneMatcher, another family with a known variant (NM_001174063.2: c.1859G > A, p.Arg620Gln) was identified and diagnosed with tooth agenesis and a rare genetic disorder with considerable intrafamilial variability. Fgfr1 is enriched in the ectoderm during early embryonic development of mice and showed sustained low expression during normal embryonic development of Xenopus laevis frogs. Functional studies of the highly conserved missense variant c.103G > A showed deleterious effects. FGFR1 (c.103G > A) was overexpressed compared to wildtype and promoted proliferation while inhibiting apoptosis in HEK293 and human dental pulp stem cells. Moreover, the c.103G > A variant was found to suppress the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The variant could downregulate ID4 expression and deactivate the TGF-beta signaling pathway by promoting the expression of SMAD6 and SMAD7. CONCLUSION Our research broadens the mutation spectrum associated with tooth agenesis and enhances understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Yao
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Min Gu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Third Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou City, Changzhou City, 213003, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Oliver Bartsch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Liwen Fan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Xie B, Han Y, Wen X. Global Trends and Hotspots in Research on Tooth Agenesis: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e46961. [PMID: 38021739 PMCID: PMC10640767 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth agenesis, one of the most common developmental defects in humans, not only impairs oral function but can also lead to craniofacial deformities. Bibliometric analysis can reveal significant shifts in research and publishing trends within specific fields. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research hotspots in tooth agenesis and predict future trends through bibliometric analysis. We searched for English-language publications related to tooth agenesis from 2001 to 2021 on the Web of Science. The publications were limited to original and review articles, and bibliometric parameters such as publication year, country, institution, author, journal, citations, and keywords were extracted and analyzed using VOSviewer, Microsoft Excel 2010, and CiteSpace. A total of 2,287 papers were ultimately selected. The results show that the USA holds a leading position in the field of tooth agenesis research. A total of 9,803 authors participated in these studies, with Alexandre R Vieira from the USA being the most prolific and most cited author. This study indicates that multidisciplinary management has become the consensus first choice for treating dental agenesis. Gene mutations related to tooth agenesis continue to be a research hotspot attracting scholarly attention. Exploring the relationship between tooth agenesis and cancer may be a future research direction. These findings contribute to potential collaborations among experts in future research on the genetic causes of tooth agenesis and tumor development and to assist the scientific community by identifying research gaps in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xie
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, CHN
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, CHN
| | - Xiujie Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, CHN
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Wang C, Tian Z, Wen D, Qu W, Xu R, Liu Y, Jia H, Tang X, Li J, Zha L, Liu Y. Preliminary study on genetic factors related to Demirjian's tooth age estimation method based on genome-wide association analysis. Int J Legal Med 2023:10.1007/s00414-023-03008-y. [PMID: 37133749 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The age determination of individuals, especially minors, is critical in forensic research. In forensic practice, dental age estimation is one of the most commonly used methods for determining age as teeth are easy to preserve and relatively resistant to environmental factors. Tooth development is affected and regulated by genetic factors; however, these are not incorporated into current commonly used tooth age inference methods, leading to unreliable results. Here, we established a Demirjian and a Cameriere tooth age estimation-based methods suitable for use in children in southern China. By using the difference between the inferred age and the actual age (MD) as the phenotype, we identified 65 and 49 SNPs related to tooth age estimation from 743,722 loci among 171 children in southern China through a genome-wide association analysis (p<0.0001). We also conducted a genome-wide association study on dental development stage (DD) using the Demirjian tooth age estimation method and screened two sets of SNP sites (52 and 26) based on whether age difference was considered. The gene function enrichment analysis of these SNPs found that they were related to bone development and mineralization. Although SNP sites screened based on MD seem to improve the accuracy of tooth age estimation, there is little correlation between these SNPs and an individual's Demirjian morphological stage. In conclusion, we found that individual genotypes can affect tooth age estimation, and based on different phenotypic analysis models, we have identified some novel SNP sites related to tooth age inference and Demirjian's tooth development stage. These studies provide a reference for subsequent phenotypic selection based on tooth age inference analysis, and the results could possibly be used in the future to make forensic age estimation more accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - ZhiKai Tian
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiangya Hospital of Stomatology, Central South University, No. 72 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Qu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Xu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Jia
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jienan Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lagabaiyila Zha
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiangya Hospital of Stomatology, Central South University, No. 72 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Genetic/Protein Association of Atopic Dermatitis and Tooth Agenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065754. [PMID: 36982827 PMCID: PMC10055628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis and abnormalities in tooth development (including hypomineralization, hypodontia and microdontia) have been observed to co-occur in some patients. A common pathogenesis pathway that involves genes and protein interactions has been hypothesized. This review aims to first provide a description of the key gene mutations and signaling pathways associated with atopic dermatitis and tooth agenesis (i.e., the absence of teeth due to developmental failure) and identify the possible association between the two diseases. Second, utilizing a list of genes most commonly associated with the two diseases, we conducted a protein–protein network interaction analysis using the STRING database and identified a novel association between the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (major pathway responsible for TA) and desmosomal proteins (component of skin barrier that affect the pathogenesis of AD). Further investigation into the mechanisms that may drive their co-occurrence and underlie the development of the two diseases is warranted.
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11
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Kerekes-Máthé B, Mártha K, Bănescu C, O’Donnell MB, Brook AH. Genetic and Morphological Variation in Hypodontia of Maxillary Lateral Incisors. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:231. [PMID: 36672972 PMCID: PMC9858681 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hypodontia has a multifactorial aetiology, in which genetic factors are a major component. Associated with this congenital absence, the formed teeth may show differences in size and shape, which may vary with the specific genetic variants and with the location of the missing teeth. The aims of the present study were to investigate a specific variant of MSX1, derive morphometric tooth measurements in a sample of patients with isolated maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and matched controls, and model the findings. (2) Methods: Genotyping of the MSX1 rs8670 genetic variant and morphometric measurements with a 2D image analysis method were performed for 26 hypodontia patients and 26 matched controls. (3) Results: The risk of upper lateral incisor agenesis was 6.9 times higher when the T allele was present. The morphometric parameters showed significant differences between hypodontia patients and controls and between the unilateral and bilateral agenesis cases. The most affected crown dimension in the hypodontia patients was the bucco-lingual dimension. In crown shape there was significant variation the Carabelli trait in upper first molars. (4) Conclusions: The MSX1 rs8670 variant was associated with variations in morphological outcomes. The new findings for compensatory interactions between the maxillary incisors indicate that epigenetic and environmental factors interact with this genetic variant. A single-level directional complex interactive network model incorporates the variations seen in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé
- Department of Morphology of Teeth and Dental Arches, Faculty of Dentistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mures, 540142 Targu-Mures, Romania
| | - Krisztina Mártha
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mures, 540142 Targu-Mures, Romania
| | - Claudia Bănescu
- Genetics Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu-Mures, 540142 Targu-Mures, Romania
| | | | - Alan H. Brook
- School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Dental Institute, Barts and the London Medical Faculty, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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12
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Sun Q, Zhao T, Li B, Li M, Luo P, Zhang C, Chen G, Cao Z, Li Y, Du M, He H. FTO/RUNX2 signaling axis promotes cementoblast differentiation under normal and inflammatory condition. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119358. [PMID: 36084732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent mRNA modification which plays crucial roles in various biological processes, but its role in cementogenesis remains largely unknown. Here, using time-series transcriptomic analysis, we reveal that mRNA m6A demethylase Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is involved in cementogenesis. Knocking down FTO decreases cementoblast differentiation and mineralization in both OCCM-30 cellular model and murine ectopic bone formation model. Mechanistically, we find that FTO directly binds Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) mRNA, an important cementogenesis factor, thus protecting it from YTH domain-containing family protein 2 (YTHDF2) mediated degradation, when cementoblasts are differentiating. Knocking down YTHDF2 restores the expression of Runx2 in FTO-knockdown cells. Moreover, under inflammatory conditions, TNF-α inhibits cementoblast differentiation and mineralization partly through FTO/RUNX2 axis. Collectively, our study reveals an important regulatory role of FTO/RUNX2 axis in normal and pathological cementogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Biao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengying Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Luo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yicun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Guangdong province, China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Dediu D, Jennings EM, Van't Ent D, Moisik SR, Di Pisa G, Schulze J, de Geus EJC, den Braber A, Dolan CV, Boomsma DI. The heritability of vocal tract structures estimated from structural MRI in a large cohort of Dutch twins. Hum Genet 2022; 141:1905-1923. [PMID: 35831475 PMCID: PMC9672028 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
While language is expressed in multiple modalities, including sign, writing, or whistles, speech is arguably the most common. The human vocal tract is capable of producing the bewildering diversity of the 7000 or so currently spoken languages, but relatively little is known about its genetic bases, especially in what concerns normal variation. Here, we capitalize on five cohorts totaling 632 Dutch twins with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Two raters placed clearly defined (semi)landmarks on each MRI scan, from which we derived 146 measures capturing the dimensions and shape of various vocal tract structures, but also aspects of the head and face. We used Genetic Covariance Structure Modeling to estimate the additive genetic, common environmental or non-additive genetic, and unique environmental components, while controlling for various confounds and for any systematic differences between the two raters. We found high heritability, h2, for aspects of the skull and face, the mandible, the anteroposterior (horizontal) dimension of the vocal tract, and the position of the hyoid bone. These findings extend the existing literature, and open new perspectives for understanding the complex interplay between genetics, environment, and culture that shape our vocal tracts, and which may help explain cross-linguistic differences in phonetics and phonology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dediu
- Department of Catalan Philology and General Linguistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Universitat de Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems (UBICS), Barcelona, Spain.
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Emily M Jennings
- Faculty of Linguistics, Philology and Phonetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Van't Ent
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Scott R Moisik
- Linguistics and Multilingual Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Grazia Di Pisa
- Department of Linguistics, Universität Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | | | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk den Braber
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conor V Dolan
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Evaluating the Prevalence and Distribution of Dental Anomalies in the Permanent Dentition of Patients Seeking Dental Care. Cureus 2022; 14:e30156. [PMID: 36397922 PMCID: PMC9646527 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances seen during tooth formation result in developmental dental anomalies presenting in the oral cavity. These anomalies manifest as discrepancies in the number, color, size, and shape of the teeth. These dental anomalies can either be acquired, congenital, or developmental. Their early detection and management are necessary as they affect aesthetics and occlusion. The study had the aim of gauging the prevalence of developmental anomalies in the permanent dentition of Indian subjects. METHODS A total of 1192 participants recruited from the institute for study purposes, comprising males and females, were examined clinically and radiographically, and their dental casts were also evaluated. These subjects were assessed for anomalies in position, structure, number, and/or shape. Anomalies in the position include transmigration, transportation, and/or ectopic position; anomalies in the structure, including dentinogenesis imperfecta or amelogenesis imperfecta; anomalies in number, including hyperdontia or hypodontia; and anomalies in shape, including peg laterals, taurodontism, fusion, dens evaginatus, talon cusp, and/or microdontia. RESULTS A statistically significant difference was seen in unilateral microdontia and dentinogenesis imperfecta between males and females, with attained p-values of 0.003 and 0.06, respectively. The results of the present study showed that 9.89% (n = 118) study subjects, whereas 1% (n = 12) study subjects had two dental anomalies in their permanent dentitions, with no subject presenting more than two dental anomalies, showing that various dental anomalies have a low prevalence in the Indian population. CONCLUSION The present study has led to the conclusion that the prevalence of dental anomalies is low in Indian subjects. However, these anomalies should be detected and treated early to prevent them from causing further complications.
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15
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Turri de Castro Ribeiro T, Doneux Van der Laan H, Massaro C, Moura Carvalho Lauris RDC, Mizue Kokitsu-Nakata N, Porto Peixoto A. Orthodontic treatment of mandibular incisor agenesis with Herbst appliance in a patient with Hanhart syndrome: A 12-year follow-up. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2022; 161:866-877. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Prevalence of Three-Rooted Deciduous Mandibular Molars in the Children of Northwestern Iran. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:5643668. [PMID: 34737775 PMCID: PMC8563133 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5643668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although primary teeth have a determinative role in development of normal occlusion, few studies about anomalies related to deciduous dentition have been conducted so far. Regarding recent improvements in common knowledge and the importance of maintaining primary teeth until eruption of succedaneous teeth, identifying the morphology of primary teeth and probable variations is of great importance to achieve optimal therapeutic outcome. This study aims to determine the prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars in a population of northwestern Iran. Materials and Methods In this descriptive cross-sectional study, periapical radiographs of patients attending private oral and maxillofacial radiology offices in the northwestern region of Iran from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 300 cases in the 3-10-year age range having bilateral periapical radiographs from mandibular primary molars were screened. First and second primary molars were observed meticulously. Gender, side of the mandible (right or left), symmetry, overall prevalence, and prevalence considering the type of molar (D or E) were recorded and analyzed. Results Overall prevalence of three-rooted mandibular primary molars was 9.33% ( 28/300), 92.9% of which were unilateral. The prevalence of teeth showing supernumerary roots among all teeth examined was 2.5% (30/1200). Considering symmetry and gender, the occurrence of these three-rooted primary molars did not differ significantly (respectively, p=0.832 and p=0.541). However, there was a significant relationship between the occurrence of supernumerary roots and left side for three-rooted first molars and right side for three-rooted second molars (p=0.021). Conclusion Obtained data show that three-rooted mandibular primary molars in children of northwest region of Iran have a prevalence of approximately 10 % which urges some specific considerations in exodontic and endodontic procedures.
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17
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Bilodeau EA, Hunter KD. Odontogenic and Developmental Oral Lesions in Pediatric Patients. Head Neck Pathol 2021; 15:71-84. [PMID: 33723756 PMCID: PMC8010029 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews odontogenic and developmental oral lesions encountered in the gnathic region of pediatric patients. The process of odontogenesis is discussed as it is essential to understanding the pathogenesis of odontogenic tumors. The clinical presentation, microscopic features, and prognosis are addressed for odontogenic lesions in the neonate (dental lamina cysts/gingival cysts of the newborn, congenital (granular cell) epulis of the newborn, melanotic neuroectodermal tumor, choristoma/heterotopia, cysts of foregut origin), lesions associated with unerupted/erupting teeth (hyperplastic dental follicle, eruption cyst, dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst/keratocystic odonogenic tumor, buccal bifurcation cyst/inflammatory collateral cyst) and pediatric odontogenic hamartomas and tumors (odontoma, ameloblastic fibroma, ameloblastoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, primordial odontogenic tumor). Pediatric odontogenic and developmental oral lesions range from common to rare, but familiarity with these entities is essential due to the varying management implications of these diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bilodeau
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, G-135 Salk Hall, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - Keith D Hunter
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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18
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Bonczek O, Krejci P, Izakovicova-Holla L, Cernochova P, Kiss I, Vojtesek B. Tooth agenesis: What do we know and is there a connection to cancer? Clin Genet 2021; 99:493-502. [PMID: 33249565 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Like all developmental processes, odontogenesis is highly complex and dynamically regulated, with hundreds of genes co-expressed in reciprocal networks. Tooth agenesis (missing one or more/all teeth) is a common human craniofacial anomaly and may be caused by genetic variations and/or environmental factors. Variants in PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, EDA, EDAR, and WNT10A genes are associated with tooth agenesis. Currently, variants in ATF1, DUSP10, CASC8, IRF6, KDF1, GREM2, LTBP3, and components and regulators of WNT signaling WNT10B, LRP6, DKK, and KREMEN1 are at the forefront of interest. Due to the interconnectedness of the signaling pathways of carcinogenesis and odontogenesis, tooth agenesis could be a suitable marker for early detection of cancer predisposition. Variants in genes associated with tooth agenesis could serve as prognostic or therapeutic targets in cancer. This review aims to summarize existing knowledge of development and clinical genetics of teeth. Concurrently, the review proposes possible approaches for future research in this area, with particular attention to roles in monitoring, early diagnosis and therapy of tumors associated with defective tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Bonczek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Premysl Krejci
- Institute of Dentistry and Oral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Izakovicova-Holla
- Department of Stomatology, Institution shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Cernochova
- Department of Stomatology, Institution shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Kiss
- Clinic of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
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Williams M, Zeng Y, Chiquet B, Jacob H, Kurtis Kasper F, Harrington DA, English J, Akyalcin S, Letra A. Functional characterization of ATF1, GREM2 AND WNT10B variants associated with tooth agenesis. Orthod Craniofac Res 2020; 24:486-493. [PMID: 33369218 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the functional effects of ATF1, WNT10B and GREM2 gene variants identified in individuals with tooth agenesis (TA). SETTINGS AND SAMPLE POPULATION Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were used as an in vitro model system to test the effect of TA-associated variants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasmid constructs containing reference and mutant alleles for ATF1 rs11169552, WNT10B rs833843 and GREM2 rs1414655 variants were transfected into SHED for functional characterization of variants. Allele-specific changes in gene transcription activity, protein expression, cell migration and proliferation, and expression of additional tooth development genes (MSX1, PAX9 and AXIN2) were evaluated. Data analyses were performed using Student's t-test. P-values ≤ .05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Mutant variants resulted in significantly decreased transcriptional activity of respective genes (P < 0.05), although no changes in protein localization were noted. Expression of MSX1 was significantly decreased in ATF1- and GREM2-mutant cells, whereas PAX9 or AXIN2 mRNA expression was not significantly altered. Mutant WNT10B had no significant effect on the expression of additional TA genes. ATF1- and GREM2-mutant cells presented increased cell migration. Cell proliferation was also affected with all three mutant alleles. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that ATF1, WNT10B and GREM2 mutant alleles have modulatory effects on gene/protein function that may contribute to TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Williams
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brett Chiquet
- Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Helder Jacob
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fred Kurtis Kasper
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel A Harrington
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeryl English
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sercan Akyalcin
- Department of Orthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.,Pediatric Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Goswami M, Bhardwaj S, Grewal N. Prevalence of Shape-related Developmental Dental Anomalies in India: A Retrospective Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020; 13:407-411. [PMID: 33149415 PMCID: PMC7586474 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and objective The aim and objective of this study was to review the literature to analyze the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies regarding shape in India. Background Although there have been several studies investigating the prevalence of individual dental anomalies related to shape, only a few studies considered all subtypes and their distribution among genders, especially in India. Results An electronic search was made in the PUBMED database to review prevalence-based data on developmental dental anomalies related to shape in India up to December 2018. A diverse range of results regarding prevalence of developmental dental anomalies related to shape were seen in these studies due to vast regional, cultural, and ethnic diversities and various environmental factors affecting the tooth development. Conclusion There is a necessity to conduct more study on shape-related dental anomalies because there are very limited studies regarding prevalence of concrescence, dilacerations, and accessory root and various associated factors. Clinical significance Early diagnosis and timely management of these anomalies can prevent complications. The knowledge on identification and prevalence of dental anomalies helps the dental practitioners improve the treatment plan. The prevalence studies can be of utmost importance in the formulation of oral healthcare programs by using their data to analyze the intensity of dental anomalies. How to cite this article Goswami M, Bhardwaj S, Grewal N. Prevalence of Shape-related Developmental Dental Anomalies in India: A Retrospective Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(4):407–411.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Goswami
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sakshi Bhardwaj
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Navneet Grewal
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Government Dental College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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21
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Palatal rugae morphology is associated with variation in tooth number. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19074. [PMID: 33154503 PMCID: PMC7645628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76240-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This observational study compared palatal rugae morphology in adolescent subjects with normal tooth number and tooth agenesis. Maxillary dental study casts were used to compare rugae number, length and shape. Each study group contained 60 subjects (30 females and 30 males) mean age 13.4 (SD, 1.55) in control and 13.56 (SD, 1.54) years in tooth agenesis groups (p = 0.576). Mean number of missing tooth units in the tooth agenesis group was 2.1. Mean number of primary rugae in the whole sample was 4.35 (SD, 0.98) on the right and 4.33 (SD, 0.92) on the left with no significant differences (p = 0.236 and p = 0.404, respectively). However, the number of secondary rugae on the left (p = 0.006) and fragmentary rugae on the right (p = 0.004) was significantly increased in the tooth agenesis group. The shape of left primary rugae 2 and 3 also differed between groups, tending towards a wavy pattern in the control group and curved in the tooth agenesis group (p = 0.012 and p = 0.004, respectively). In addition, primary rugae 3 was more convergent (p = 0.008) whilst left primary rugae 3 and 5 were orientated in an antero-posterior direction (p = 0.04 for both rugae) in the tooth agenesis group. Subgroup analysis also identified significant associations between patterns of tooth agenesis and rugae number, in addition to shape of primary rugae. The identification of significant differences in rugae pattern between subjects with normal tooth number and agenesis suggests potential commonality in signal pathway disruption during establishment of these structures.
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22
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Cobourne MT, Irving M, Seller A. Welcome to the new genomics: an introduction to the NHS Genomic Medicine Service for oral healthcare professionals. Br Dent J 2020; 229:682-686. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Khalaf K, Seraj Z, Hussein H, Mando M. Root Dimensions in Patients with Mild Hypodontia and a Control Group. Eur J Dent 2020; 13:574-580. [PMID: 31891974 PMCID: PMC6938418 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare root dimensions (length and mesiodistal widths) between subjects with mild hypodontia and an age- and sex-matched control group.
Materials and Methods
Root dimension measurements of all permanent teeth excluding third molars were made on standardly taken orthopantomograms of 50 individuals (25 hypodontia and 25 controls) attending the University of Sharjah Dental Hospital. The length and two mesiodistal widths were measured for each fully formed root. The length of the root was measured digitally by drawing a line from the midpoint and bisecting the mesiodistal cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) of the tooth and extended to its apex. The mesiodistal widths of each root were measured at the cervical region and at half way of and perpendicular to the length of the root.
Statistical Analysis
Two sample
t
-tests were used to compare root dimension measurements between the hypodontia and control groups.
Results
There were no significant differences between genders with regard to root length or widths measurements, and therefore genders were combined for further analysis. Patients with hypodontia have significantly shorter root lengths than controls for the upper central incisors, upper canines, first premolars, and lower first molars (
p
< 0.05). Similarly, root width at the midpoint of the root was found to be less in hypodontia group than that in controls for the upper central incisors, lower first premolars, upper first molars, and all second premolars (
p
< 0.05). Similar pattern of differences was found with regard to the root width at the cervical region (
p
< 0.05).
Conclusions
Patients with hypodontia have shorter and narrower roots of the whole permanent dentition except the upper lateral incisors, lower incisors, lower canines, and all second molars when compared with controls. In effect, this may affect the orthodontic treatment planning and implant placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Khalaf
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahra Seraj
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hesham Hussein
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmoud Mando
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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24
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Orthodontic management of patients with congenitally missing permanent teeth. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/bjdm-2020-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental agenesis is one of the most common developmental anomalies in humans. It occurs as part of a genetic syndrome or as an isolated sporadic or familial finding. Third molars, second mandibular premolars and maxillary lateral incisors are the most frequently targeted teeth of the permanent dentition. Clinically, patients with congenitally missing permanent teeth seeking treatment present with unesthetic diastemas, midline deviation and tilting of adjacent teeth in the edentulous areas. The impact of tooth agenesis reflects on esthetics, function, psychological and social well-being of the individuals affected. Orthodontics can contribute to the treatment plan selected by rearranging the present teeth so as to open spaces for prosthetic restorations or close spaces by reshaping teeth if needed. Following orthodontic space opening/maintaining, the usual alternatives involve single implants, two-(cantilever) or full coverage(cantilever) prostheses. Less frequently, the treatment modality of autotransplantation is proposed with a good esthetic result but feasible only in young patients where the roots of the premolars are still developing. In orthodontic space closure, treatment is accomplished sooner without waiting for the completion of growth of the patient. Depending on various factors such as the malocclusion, the dento-skeletal profile, the smile line, the space requirements, the teeth missing, the periodontal issues, the age of the patient and any financial issues, the clinician will determine the most appropriate treatment approach. The final esthetic and functional result should resemble an intact natural dentition.
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25
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Craniofacial malformations and their association with brain development: the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for treatment. Odontology 2019; 108:1-15. [PMID: 31172336 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The craniofacial complex develops mainly in the first trimester of pregnancy, but its final shaping and the development of the teeth extend into the second and third trimesters. It is intimately connected with the development of the brain because of the crucial role the cranial neural crest cells play and the fact that many signals which control craniofacial development originate in the brain and vice versa. As a result, malformations of one organ may affect the development of the other. Similarly, there are developmental connections between the craniofacial complex and the teeth. Craniofacial anomalies are either isolated, resulting from abnormal development of the first two embryonic pharyngeal arches, or part of multiple malformation syndromes affecting many other organs. They may stem from gene mutations, chromosomal aberrations or from environmental causes induced by teratogens. The craniofacial morphologic changes are generally cosmetic, but they often interfere with important functions such as chewing, swallowing and respiration. In addition, they may cause hearing or visual impairment. In this review we discussed only a small number of craniofacial malformations and barely touched upon related anomalies of dentition. Following a brief description of the craniofacial development, we discussed oral clefts, craniofacial microsomia, teratogens that may interfere with craniofacial development resulting in different malformations, the genetically determined craniosynostoses syndromes and few other relatively common syndromes that, in addition to the craniofacial complex, also affect other organs. The understanding of these malformations is important in dentistry as dentists play an integral role in their diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment.
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26
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Gama A, Perea L, Yepes C, Betancur JJ, Vargas J, Amiaud J, Babajko S, Lezot F, Castaneda B. [Effects of post-natal inhibition of RANKL on molar eruption and root formation in C57BL/6 mice]. Orthod Fr 2019; 90:55-63. [PMID: 30994449 DOI: 10.1051/orthodfr/2019008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent observations performed in the orthodontic department of La Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital in Paris reported an increase of non-familial eruption defects of permanent molars. Our recent data have evidenced the involvement of osteoclasts (OC) in both the eruption and the dental retention processes through the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway. These facts are at the origin of the hypothesis of the existence of an environmental etiology for those eruption defects that would correspond to the perturbation of cellular autocrine/paracrine signaling pathways as the RANKL/ RANK/OPG. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were submitted to repeated injections with anti-RANKL neutralizing antibody during the nine days following birth. A phenotypic comparison with transgenic mice overexpressing RANK was performed for the functional characterization of the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. The dento-alveolar complex was analyzed using micro-CT for bone density and Masson's trichrome staining for histological examination. RESULTS The RANKL transient invalidation of RANKL stopped the molar root development and tooth eruption contrary to transgenic mice overexpressing RANK. The recruitment and the OC activity were strongly impacted. DISCUSSION This research is of direct clinical interest in understanding the pathology of eruption as indirect in establishing orthodontic treatment protocols for particular cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gama
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Équipe BERDAL, 75006 Paris, France - Laboratoire d'Histopathologie orale, Faculté des sciences de la santé, Université de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brésil
| | - Linamary Perea
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Catalina Yepes
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jhon J Betancur
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Vargas
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jerôme Amiaud
- INSERM UMRS 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Sylvie Babajko
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Équipe BERDAL, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Beatriz Castaneda
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Équipe BERDAL, 75006 Paris, France - Service d'Orthopédie Dento-faciale, Hôpital la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Abstract
This chapter describes methods related to the diagnosis of genetic dental diseases. Based on the present knowledge, clinical phenotyping and next-generation sequencing techniques are discussed. Methods necessary for Sanger sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and epigenetic modification methods are detailed. In addition, protocols for cell culture establishment and characterization from patients with inherited dental anomalies are described.
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28
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Shadad O, Chaulagain R, Luukko K, Kettunen P. Establishment of tooth blood supply and innervation is developmentally regulated and takes place through differential patterning processes. J Anat 2019; 234:465-479. [PMID: 30793310 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Teeth are richly supported by blood vessels and peripheral nerves. The aim of this study was to describe in detail the developmental time-course and localization of blood vessels during early tooth formation and to compare that to innervation, as well as to address the putative role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is an essential regulator of vasculature development, in this process. The localization of blood vessels and neurites was compared using double immunofluorescence staining on sections at consecutive stages of the embryonic (E) and postnatal (PN) mandibular first molar tooth germ (E11-PN7). Cellular mRNA expression domains of VEGF and its signaling receptor VEGFR2 were studied using sectional radioactive in situ hybridization. Expression of VEGF mRNA and the encoded protein were studied by RT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively, in the cap and early bell stage tooth germs, respectively. VEGFR2 was immunolocalized on tooth tissue sections. Smooth muscle cells were investigated by anti-alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) antibodies. VEGF showed developmentally regulated epithelial and mesenchymal mRNA expression domains including the enamel knot signaling centers that correlated with the growth and navigation of the blood vessels expressing Vegfr2 and VEGFR2 to the dental papilla and enamel organ. Developing blood vessels were present in the jaw mesenchyme including the presumptive dental mesenchyme before the appearance of the epithelial dental placode and dental neurites. Similarly, formation of a blood vessel plexus around the bud stage tooth germ and ingrowth of vessels into dental papilla at E14 preceded ingrowth of neurites. Subsequently, pioneer blood vessels in the dental papilla started to receive smooth muscle coverage at the early embryonic bell stage. Establishment and patterning of the blood vessels and nerves during tooth formation are developmentally regulated, stepwise processes that likely involve differential patterning mechanisms. Development of tooth vascular supply is proposed to be regulated by local, tooth-specific regulation by epithelial-mesenchymal tissue interactions and involving tooth target expressed VEGF signaling. Further investigations on tooth vascular development by local VEGF signaling, as well as how tooth innervation and development of blood vessels are integrated with advancing tooth organ formation by local signaling mechanisms, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Shadad
- Department of Biomedicine, Craniofacial Developmental Biology Group, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rajib Chaulagain
- Department of Biomedicine, Craniofacial Developmental Biology Group, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Keijo Luukko
- Department of Biomedicine, Craniofacial Developmental Biology Group, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Section of Orthodontics, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Paivi Kettunen
- Department of Biomedicine, Craniofacial Developmental Biology Group, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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29
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Aldhorae K, Altawili Z, Assiry A, Alqadasi B, Al-Jawfi K, Hwaiti H. Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies among a sample of orthodontic and non-orthodontic patients: A retrospective study. J Int Oral Health 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_199_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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30
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Souza-Silva BN, Vieira WDA, Bernardino ÍDM, Batista MJ, Bittencourt MAV, Paranhos LR. Non-syndromic tooth agenesis patterns and their association with other dental anomalies: A retrospective study. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 96:26-32. [PMID: 30172942 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the factors associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, besides identifying its pattern of occurrence. STUDY DESIGN Pre-orthodontic exams of 3400 subjects, aged 8-30 years, were selected from a radiographic center in Brazil. Panoramic and periapical radiographs were analyzed to verify the presence of tooth agenesis and other six dental anomalies. Descriptive statistics were calculated using the Tooth Agenesis Code tool and, to evaluate significant associations, a negative binomial regression model was constructed. Besides, unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated for the bivariate and the multivariate analysis. RESULTS Prevalence of tooth agenesis was 3.0% (n = 68) and 41 different phenotypic patterns were observed. Teeth most often symmetrically missing were maxillary lateral incisors (13.2%) and mandibular second premolars (8.8%). Females (PR = 3.49, CI 95% = 1.96-6.19) presented more tooth agenesis. Other dental anomalies, such as palatal displacement of maxillary canine and infraocclusion of primary molar were significantly more frequent (p < 0.001) in subjects with agenesis. CONCLUSION There was a strong relationship between tooth agenesis and gender and the association with other dental anomalies was significant, with the exception of the supernumerary teeth, which seems to be independent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marcos Alan Vieira Bittencourt
- Department of Social and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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31
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Abstract
Background/purpose Concomitant hypo-hyperdontia (CHH) is a rare numeric dental anomaly characterized by congenital missing teeth and supernumerary teeth occurring in the same individual. Due to its rarity and sporadicity, the causes of CHH have been completely unknown. Detailed characterization and presentation of more CHH cases not only strengthen clinical diagnosis and treatment for the patients but facilitate the search for etiological factors of the disorder. Materials and methods From a pedodontic patient population, 21 CHH subjects, with a mean age of 6 years 10 months, were identified and characterized. Dental records and radiographs were scrutinized and analyzed for the distribution and frequencies of involved teeth and concurrent dental anomalies. Through further literature review, 59 CHH cases with supernumeraries in the premaxillary region were retrieved for comparative analyses. Results The boys were affected twice as often as the girls. While most cases were unrelated and sporadic, two sisters and a pair of identical twins from two unrelated families were presented. Of all cases, only one was of syndromic CHH carrying Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Bimaxillay CHH, with anomalies involving two jaws, occurred more than 4 times as often as maxillary CHH. While all supernumeraries were found in premaxillary region, hypodontia frequently involved lateral incisors and premolars of both jaws. Conclusion As genetic contribution to CHH is strongly suggested by its familial occurrence and syndromic cases, environmental factors seem to play certain roles in modifying disease phenotypes. Judicious use of radiographs during early mixed dentition stage enhances clinical diagnosis and treatment of CHH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Lin Wang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry National Taiwan University, No. 1, Changde St., Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, No. 8, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10041, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry National Taiwan University, No. 1, Changde St., Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Han Pan
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry National Taiwan University, No. 1, Changde St., Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, No. 8, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10041, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Chang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry National Taiwan University, No. 1, Changde St., Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, No. 8, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10041, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry National Taiwan University, No. 1, Changde St., Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan
| | - Guay-Fen Huang
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry National Taiwan University, No. 1, Changde St., Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, National Taiwan University Children's Hospital, No. 8, Zhongshan S. Rd., Taipei City, 10041, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry National Taiwan University, No. 1, Changde St., Taipei City, 10048, Taiwan
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32
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Nibali L. Development of the gingival sulcus at the time of tooth eruption and the influence of genetic factors. Periodontol 2000 2017; 76:35-42. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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33
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Qin H, Xu HZ, Gong YQ. Mechanism of NF-κB signaling pathway and autophagy in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation. Mol Membr Biol 2017; 33:138-144. [PMID: 29166808 DOI: 10.1080/09687688.2017.1400601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present work was to investigate a possible mechanism of NF-κB signaling pathway and autophagy in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation, and provide experimental basis for the study of tooth eruption disorder. METHODS Mouse osteoblast-like (MC3T3-E1) cells were inoculated with a cell density of 70%. According to the grouping experimental design, Western blot and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) detection were conducted after dosing for 24 h. The cells were divided into the following five groups: blank control group; 6.25 µg/mL SN50 group; 12.5 µg/mL SN50 group; 25 µg/mL SN50 group and 50 µg/mL SN50 group. RESULTS Western blot analysis revealed that the expression of LC3 protein was present in the blank control group; 6.25 µg/mL SN50 group; 12.5 µg/mL SN50 group and 50 µg/mL SN50 group, with no significant differences among these groups. However, the expression of LC3 protein was significantly lower in the 25 µg/mL SN50 group. MDC detection showed that, in the blank control group; 6.25 µg/mL SN50 group; 12.5 µg/mL SN50 group and 50 µg/mL SN50 group, there was obvious green fluorescence in the cytoplasm of the osteoblasts. However, in the 25 µg/mL SN50 group, it was found that there were significantly fewer green fluorescent particles. CONCLUSION The osteoblast itself had a strong function of autophagy. The appropriate concentration of SN50 in blocking the NF-κB pathway of the osteoblast was associated with the obvious inhibition of autophagy. However, the relationship between NF-κB signaling pathway and autophagy in the process of tooth eruption requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qin
- a Department of Stomatology , Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Liangyungang , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Hong-Zhi Xu
- a Department of Stomatology , Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Liangyungang , Jiangsu Province , China
| | - Yong-Qing Gong
- a Department of Stomatology , Lianyungang Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Liangyungang , Jiangsu Province , China
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34
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Dental Abnormalities in Pituitary Dwarfism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Dent 2017; 2017:5849173. [PMID: 28458931 PMCID: PMC5387821 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5849173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypopituitarism is a disorder caused by a reduced level of trophic hormones that may be consequent on different destructive processes. The clinical manifestations depend on the type of hormone involved. A deficiency of growth hormone (GH) in children causes the lack of growth known as pituitary dwarfism. The case is reported of a patient with pituitary dwarfism, multiple dental anomalies, functional prosthetic problems, and a revision of the literature. She was subjected to prosthetic rehabilitation without surgical intervention, using zirconium substructures, thus eliminating the potential complications that may require trauma surgery. The therapeutic approach adopted led to excellent results and restored an aesthetic smile.
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35
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Al-Ani AH, Antoun JS, Thomson WM, Merriman TR, Farella M. Hypodontia: An Update on Its Etiology, Classification, and Clinical Management. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9378325. [PMID: 28401166 PMCID: PMC5376450 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9378325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypodontia, or tooth agenesis, is the most prevalent craniofacial malformation in humans. It may occur as part of a recognised genetic syndrome or as a nonsyndromic isolated trait. Excluding third molars, the reported prevalence of hypodontia ranges from 1.6 to 6.9%, depending on the population studied. Most affected individuals lack only one or two teeth, with permanent second premolars and upper lateral incisors the most likely to be missing. Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the aetiology of hypodontia, with the latter playing a more significant role. Hypodontia individuals often present a significant clinical challenge for orthodontists because, in a number of cases, the treatment time is prolonged and the treatment outcome may be compromised. Hence, the identification of genetic and environmental factors may be particularly useful in the early prediction of this condition and the development of prevention strategies and novel treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Husam Al-Ani
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joseph Safwat Antoun
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - William Murray Thomson
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tony Raymond Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Mauro Farella
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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36
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Xiong F, Ji Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Hu L, Yang Q, Qiu Q, Zhao L, Chen D, Tian Z, Shang X, Zhang L, Wei X, Liu C, Yu Q, Zhang M, Cheng J, Xiong J, Li D, Wu X, Yuan H, Zhang W, Xu X. Mutation in SSUH2 Causes Autosomal-Dominant Dentin Dysplasia Type I. Hum Mutat 2016; 38:95-104. [PMID: 27680507 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia type I (DDI) is an autosomal-dominant genetic disorder resulting from dentin defects. The molecular basis of DDI remains unclear. DDI exhibits unique characteristics with phenotypes featuring obliteration of pulp chambers and diminutive root, thus providing a useful model for understanding the genetics of tooth formation. Using a large Chinese family with 14 DDI patients, we mapped the gene locus responsible for DDI to 3p26.1-3p24.3 and further identified a missense mutation, c.353C>A (p.P118Q) in the SSUH2 gene on 3p26.1, which co-segregated with DDI. We showed that SSUH2 (p.P118Q) perturbed the structure and significantly reduced levels of mutant (MT) protein and mRNA compared with wild-type SSUH2. Furthermore, MT P141Q knock-in mice (+/- and -/-) had a unique partial obliteration of the pulp cavity and upregulation or downregulation of six major genes involved in odontogenesis: Dspp, Dmp1, Runx2, Pax9, Bmp2, and Dlx2. The phenotype of missing teeth was determined in zebrafish with morpholino gene knockdowns and rescued by injection of normal human mRNA. Taken together, our observations demonstrate that SSUH2 disrupts dental formation and that this novel gene, together with other odontogenesis genes, is involved in tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Xiong
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhisong Ji
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Hu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinwei Qiu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhao
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Chen
- School of Stomatology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Shang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leitao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuixian Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Yu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meichao Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Center for Medical Genetics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Xiong
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongri Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijun Yuan
- Center for Medical Genetics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangmin Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Luukko K, Kettunen P. Integration of tooth morphogenesis and innervation by local tissue interactions, signaling networks, and semaphorin 3A. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 10:618-626. [PMID: 27715429 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1216746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tooth, like many other organs, develops from both epithelial and mesenchymal tissues, and has proven to be a valuable tool with which to investigate organ formation and peripheral innervation. Tooth formation is regulated by local epithelial-mesenchymal tissue interactions, and is closely integrated with stereotypic dental nerve navigation and patterning. Recent analyses of the function and regulation of semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) have shed light on the regulatory mechanisms that coordinate organogenesis and innervation at the tissue and molecular levels. In the tooth, SEM3A acts as a developmentally regulated secretory chemo-repellent, that controls tooth innervation during embryonic and postnatal development. The tooth germ governs its own innervation by a combination of local tissue interactions and SEMA3A expression. SEMA3A signaling, in turn, is controlled by a number of conserved signaling effectors, including TGF-β superfamily members, FGF, and WNT; all function in embryo and organ development, and are essential for tooth histo-morphogenesis. Thus, SEMA3A driven axon guidance is integrated into key odontogenic signaling networks, establishing this protein as a critical molecular tether between 2 distinct developmental processes (morphogenesis and sensory innervation), both of which are required to obtain a functional tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keijo Luukko
- a Section of Orthodontics, Department of Clinical Dentistry , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
| | - Päivi Kettunen
- b Craniofacial Developmental Biology Group, Department of Biomedicine , University of Bergen , Bergen , Norway
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Koehne T, Jeschke A, Petermann F, Seitz S, Neven M, Peters S, Luther J, Schweizer M, Schinke T, Kahl-Nieke B, Amling M, David JP. Rsk2, the Kinase Mutated in Coffin-Lowry Syndrome, Controls Cementum Formation. J Dent Res 2016; 95:752-60. [PMID: 26927527 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516634329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ribosomal S6 kinase RSK2 is essential for osteoblast function, and inactivating mutations of RSK2 cause osteopenia in humans with Coffin-Lowry syndrome (CLS). Alveolar bone loss and premature tooth exfoliation are also consistently reported symptoms in CLS patients; however, the pathophysiologic mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, aiming to identify the functional relevance of Rsk2 for tooth development, we analyzed Rsk2-deficient mice. Here, we show that Rsk2 is a critical regulator of cementoblast function. Immunohistochemistry, histology, micro-computed tomography imaging, quantitative backscattered electron imaging, and in vitro assays revealed that Rsk2 is activated in cementoblasts and is necessary for proper acellular cementum formation. Cementum hypoplasia that is observed in Rsk2-deficient mice causes detachment and disorganization of the periodontal ligament and was associated with significant alveolar bone loss with age. Moreover, Rsk2-deficient mice display hypomineralization of cellular cementum with accumulation of nonmineralized cementoid. In agreement, treatment of the cementoblast cell line OCCM-30 with a Rsk inhibitor reduces formation of mineralization nodules and decreases the expression of cementum markers. Western blot analyses based on antibodies against Rsk1, Rsk2, and an activated form of the 2 kinases confirmed that Rsk2 is expressed and activated in differentiating OCCM-30 cells. To discriminate between periodontal bone loss and systemic bone loss, we additionally crossed Rsk2-deficient mice with transgenic mice overexpressing the osteoanabolic transcription factor Fra1. Fra1 overexpression clearly increases systemic bone volume in Rsk2-deficient mice but does not protect from alveolar bone loss. Our results indicate that cell autonomous cementum defects are causing early tooth loss in CLS patients. Moreover, we identify Rsk2 as a nonredundant regulator of cementum homeostasis, alveolar bone maintenance, and periodontal health, with all these features being independent of Rsk2 function in systemic bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Koehne
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Jeschke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - F Petermann
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Seitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Neven
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Peters
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Luther
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Schweizer
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Kahl-Nieke
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Amling
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J-P David
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Prasad MK, Geoffroy V, Vicaire S, Jost B, Dumas M, Le Gras S, Switala M, Gasse B, Laugel-Haushalter V, Paschaki M, Leheup B, Droz D, Dalstein A, Loing A, Grollemund B, Muller-Bolla M, Lopez-Cazaux S, Minoux M, Jung S, Obry F, Vogt V, Davideau JL, Davit-Beal T, Kaiser AS, Moog U, Richard B, Morrier JJ, Duprez JP, Odent S, Bailleul-Forestier I, Rousset MM, Merametdijan L, Toutain A, Joseph C, Giuliano F, Dahlet JC, Courval A, El Alloussi M, Laouina S, Soskin S, Guffon N, Dieux A, Doray B, Feierabend S, Ginglinger E, Fournier B, de la Dure Molla M, Alembik Y, Tardieu C, Clauss F, Berdal A, Stoetzel C, Manière MC, Dollfus H, Bloch-Zupan A. A targeted next-generation sequencing assay for the molecular diagnosis of genetic disorders with orodental involvement. J Med Genet 2016; 53:98-110. [PMID: 26502894 PMCID: PMC4752661 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orodental diseases include several clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders that can present in isolation or as part of a genetic syndrome. Due to the vast number of genes implicated in these disorders, establishing a molecular diagnosis can be challenging. We aimed to develop a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay to diagnose mutations and potentially identify novel genes mutated in this group of disorders. METHODS We designed an NGS gene panel that targets 585 known and candidate genes in orodental disease. We screened a cohort of 101 unrelated patients without a molecular diagnosis referred to the Reference Centre for Oro-Dental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, Strasbourg, France, for a variety of orodental disorders including isolated and syndromic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), isolated and syndromic selective tooth agenesis (STHAG), isolated and syndromic dentinogenesis imperfecta, isolated dentin dysplasia, otodental dysplasia and primary failure of tooth eruption. RESULTS We discovered 21 novel pathogenic variants and identified the causative mutation in 39 unrelated patients in known genes (overall diagnostic rate: 39%). Among the largest subcohorts of patients with isolated AI (50 unrelated patients) and isolated STHAG (21 unrelated patients), we had a definitive diagnosis in 14 (27%) and 15 cases (71%), respectively. Surprisingly, COL17A1 mutations accounted for the majority of autosomal-dominant AI cases. CONCLUSIONS We have developed a novel targeted NGS assay for the efficient molecular diagnosis of a wide variety of orodental diseases. Furthermore, our panel will contribute to better understanding the contribution of these genes to orodental disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT01746121 and NCT02397824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megana K Prasad
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERMU1112, Institut de génétique médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Geoffroy
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERMU1112, Institut de génétique médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Serge Vicaire
- Plateforme de Biopuces et Séquençage, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Bernard Jost
- Plateforme de Biopuces et Séquençage, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Michael Dumas
- Plateforme de Biopuces et Séquençage, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Stéphanie Le Gras
- Plateforme de Biopuces et Séquençage, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Marzena Switala
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Barbara Gasse
- Evolution et Développement du Squelette-EDS, UMR7138-SAE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964 Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Marie Paschaki
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERMU1112, Institut de génétique médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964 Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Bruno Leheup
- Faculté de Médecine, CHU de Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Adeline Loing
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Bruno Grollemund
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michèle Muller-Bolla
- Départment d'Odontologie Pédiatrique, UFR d'Odontologie, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
- URB2i—EA 4462, Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Séréna Lopez-Cazaux
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Département d'Odontologie Pédiatrique, CHU Hotel Dieu, Service d'odontologie conservatrice et pédiatrique, Nantes, France
| | - Maryline Minoux
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sophie Jung
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frédéric Obry
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Vogt
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Luc Davideau
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tiphaine Davit-Beal
- Evolution et Développement du Squelette-EDS, UMR7138-SAE, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Département d'Odontologie Pédiatrique, Université Paris Descartes, Montrouge, France
| | | | - Ute Moog
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Béatrice Richard
- Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Morrier
- Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Duprez
- Service de Consultations et Traitements Dentaires, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Faculté d'Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Service de Génétique Clinique, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Bailleul-Forestier
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, CHU de Toulouse, Odontologie Pédiatrique, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Monique Marie Rousset
- Unité Fonctionnelle d'Odontologie pédiatrique, Service d'odontologie, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Laure Merametdijan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Service d'Odontologie Conservatrice et Endodontie, CHU Nantes, Université de Nantes, France
| | | | - Clara Joseph
- Départment d'Odontologie Pédiatrique, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CHU Nice, Nice, France
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Dahlet
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Aymeric Courval
- Pôle de Médecine et de Chirurgie Bucco-dentaire, Hôpital Civil, HUS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mustapha El Alloussi
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University Mohammed V Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir Laouina
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University Mohammed V Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sylvie Soskin
- Pédiatrie 1, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Anne Dieux
- Service de génétique clinique Guy Fontaine, Centre Hospitalier Régionale Universitaire (CHRU) de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Bérénice Doray
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stephanie Feierabend
- Klinik für Zahnerhaltungskunde und Parodontologie, Universitats Klinikum, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Fournier
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire INSERM UMR S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Universités Paris-Diderot et Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Malformations Rares de la Face et de la Cavité Buccale MAFACE, Hôpital Rothschild, Pôle d'Odontologie, Paris, France
| | - Muriel de la Dure Molla
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire INSERM UMR S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Universités Paris-Diderot et Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Malformations Rares de la Face et de la Cavité Buccale MAFACE, Hôpital Rothschild, Pôle d'Odontologie, Paris, France
| | - Yves Alembik
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Tardieu
- Aix-Marseille Université, UMR 7268 ADES/EFS/CNRS, APHM, Hôpital Timone, Service Odontologie, Marseille, France
| | - François Clauss
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ariane Berdal
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire INSERM UMR S1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Universités Paris-Diderot et Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence des Malformations Rares de la Face et de la Cavité Buccale MAFACE, Hôpital Rothschild, Pôle d'Odontologie, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Stoetzel
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERMU1112, Institut de génétique médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Cécile Manière
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Dollfus
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERMU1112, Institut de génétique médicale d'Alsace, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre de Référence pour les Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique, HUS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire-Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964 Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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Gama A, Navet B, Vargas JW, Castaneda B, Lézot F. Bone resorption: an actor of dental and periodontal development? Front Physiol 2015; 6:319. [PMID: 26594180 PMCID: PMC4633481 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental and periodontal tissue development is a complex process involving various cell-types. A finely orchestrated network of communications between these cells is implicated. During early development, communications between cells from the oral epithelium and the underlying mesenchyme govern the dental morphogenesis with successive bud, cap and bell stages. Later, interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal cells occur during dental root elongation. Root elongation and tooth eruption require resorption of surrounding alveolar bone to occur. For years, it was postulated that signaling molecules secreted by dental and periodontal cells control bone resorbing osteoclast precursor recruitment and differentiation. Reverse signaling originating from bone cells (osteoclasts and osteoblasts) toward dental cells was not suspected. Dental defects reported in osteopetrosis were associated with mechanical stress secondary to defective bone resorption. In the last decade, consequences of bone resorption over-activation on dental and periodontal tissue formation have been analyzed with transgenic animals (RANKTg and Opg−∕− mice). Results suggest the existence of signals originating from osteoclasts toward dental and periodontal cells. Meanwhile, experiments consisting in transitory inhibition of bone resorption during root elongation, achieved with bone resorption inhibitors having different mechanisms of action (bisphosphonates and RANKL blocking antibodies), have evidenced dental and periodontal defects that support the presence of signals originating bone cells toward dental cells. The aim of the present manuscript is to present the data we have collected in the last years that support the hypothesis of a role of bone resorption in dental and periodontal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gama
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-1138, Equipe 5, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Paris, France ; Odontologic Center of District Federal Military Police Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Benjamin Navet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer Nantes, France ; Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes Nantes, France
| | - Jorge William Vargas
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer Nantes, France ; Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes Nantes, France ; Department of Basic Studies, Faculty of Odontology, University of Antioquia Medellin, Colombia
| | - Beatriz Castaneda
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-1138, Equipe 5, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers Paris, France ; Department of Basic Studies, Faculty of Odontology, University of Antioquia Medellin, Colombia
| | - Frédéric Lézot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR-957, Equipe Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer Nantes, France ; Laboratoire de Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes Nantes, France
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Odeh R, Townsend G, Mihailidis S, Lähdesmäki R, Hughes T, Brook A. Infraocclusion: Dental development and associated dental variations in singletons and twins. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1394-402. [PMID: 26150229 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of selected dental variations in association with infraocclusion, as well as determining the effects of infraocclusion on dental development and tooth size, in singletons and twins. DESIGN Two samples were analysed. The first sample comprised 1454 panoramic radiographs of singleton boys and girls aged 8-11 years. The second sample comprised dental models of 202 pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic twins aged 8-11 years. Adobe Photoshop CS5 was used to construct reference lines and measure the extent of infraocclusion (in mm) of primary molars on the panoramic radiographs and on 2D images obtained from the dental models. The panoramic radiographs were examined for the presence of selected dental variations and to assess dental development following the Demirjian and Willems systems. The twins' dental models were measured to assess mesiodistal crown widths. RESULTS In the singleton sample there was a significant association of canines in an altered position during eruption and the lateral incisor complex (agenesis and/or small tooth size) with infraocclusion (P<0.001), but there was no significant association between infraocclusion and agenesis of premolars. Dental age assessment revealed that dental development was delayed in individuals with infraocclusion compared to controls. The primary mandibular canines were significantly smaller in size in the infraoccluded group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The presence of other dental variations in association with infraocclusion, as well as delayed dental development and reduced tooth size, suggests the presence of a pleiotropic effect. The underlying aetiological factors may be genetic and/or epigenetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruba Odeh
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Grant Townsend
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Suzanna Mihailidis
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Raija Lähdesmäki
- Department of Orthodontics, Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - Toby Hughes
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alan Brook
- School of Dentistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
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Yang J, Wang SK, Choi M, Reid BM, Hu Y, Lee YL, Herzog CR, Kim-Berman H, Lee M, Benke PJ, Kent Lloyd KC, Simmer JP, Hu JCC. Taurodontism, variations in tooth number, and misshapened crowns in Wnt10a null mice and human kindreds. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2015; 3:40-58. [PMID: 25629078 PMCID: PMC4299714 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
WNT10A is a signaling molecule involved in tooth development, and WNT10A defects are associated with tooth agenesis. We characterized Wnt10a null mice generated by the knockout mouse project (KOMP) and six families with WNT10A mutations, including a novel p.Arg104Cys defect, in the absence of EDA,EDAR, or EDARADD variations. Wnt10a null mice exhibited supernumerary mandibular fourth molars, and smaller molars with abnormal cusp patterning and root taurodontism. Wnt10a (-/-) incisors showed distinctive apical-lingual wedge-shaped defects. These findings spurred us to closely examine the dental phenotypes of our WNT10A families. WNT10A heterozygotes exhibited molar root taurodontism and mild tooth agenesis (with incomplete penetrance) in their permanent dentitions. Individuals with two defective WNT10A alleles showed severe tooth agenesis and had fewer cusps on their molars. The misshapened molar crowns and roots were consistent with the Wnt10a null phenotype and were not previously associated with WNT10A defects. The missing teeth contrasted with the presence of supplemental teeth in the Wnt10a null mice and demonstrated mammalian species differences in the roles of Wnt signaling in early tooth development. We conclude that molar crown and root dysmorphologies are caused by WNT10A defects and that the severity of the tooth agenesis correlates with the number of defective WNT10A alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University22 South Avenue Zhongguancun Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48108
| | - Shih-Kai Wang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48108
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-768, Korea
- Department of Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520
| | - Bryan M Reid
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48108
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48108
| | - Yuan-Ling Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan UniversityNo. 1 Chang-Te Street, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan, China
| | - Curtis R Herzog
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48108
| | - Hera Kim-Berman
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 N. UniversityAnn Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1078
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-768, Korea
| | - Paul J Benke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital1150 N. 35th Avenue, Suite 490, Hollywood, Florida, 33021
| | - K C Kent Lloyd
- Mouse Biology Program (MBP), University of California2795 Second Street, Suite 400, Davis, California, 95618
| | - James P Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48108
| | - Jan C-C Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48108
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Olley RC, Olley R, Xavier GM, Seppala M, Volponi AA, Geoghegan F, Sharpe PT, Cobourne MT. Expression analysis of candidate genes regulating successional tooth formation in the human embryo. Front Physiol 2014; 5:445. [PMID: 25484868 PMCID: PMC4240045 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental development is characterized by formation of primary teeth, which are subsequently replaced by the secondary dentition. The secondary dentition consists of incisors, canines, and premolars, which are derived from the successional dental lamina of the corresponding primary tooth germs; and molar teeth, which develop as a continuation of the dental lamina. Currently, very little is known about the molecular regulation of human successional tooth formation. Here, we have investigated expression of three candidate regulators for human successional tooth formation; the Fibroblast Growth Factor-antagonist SPROUTY2, the Hedgehog co-receptor GAS1 and the RUNT-related transcription factor RUNX2. At around 8 weeks of development, only SPROUTY2 showed strong expression in both epithelium and mesenchyme of the early bud. During the cap stage between 12-14 weeks, SPROUTY2 predominated in the dental papilla and inner enamel epithelium of the developing tooth. No specific expression was seen in the successional dental lamina. GAS1 was expressed in dental papilla and follicle, and associated with mesenchyme adjacent to the primary dental lamina during the late cap stage. In addition, GAS1 was identifiable in mesenchyme adjacent to the successional lamina, particularly in the developing primary first molar. For RUNX2, expression predominated in the dental papilla and follicle. Localized expression was seen in mesenchyme adjacent to the primary dental lamina at the late cap stage; but surprisingly, not in the early successional lamina at these stages. These findings confirm that SPROUTY2, GAS1, and RUNX2 are all expressed during early human tooth development. The domains of GAS1 and RUNX2 are consistent with a role influencing function of the primary dental lamina but only GAS1 transcripts were identifiable in the successional lamina at these early stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C Olley
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK ; Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK
| | | | - Guilherme M Xavier
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK ; Department of Orthodontics, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK
| | - Maisa Seppala
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK ; Department of Orthodontics, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK
| | - Ana A Volponi
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London London, UK
| | - Fin Geoghegan
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK ; Department of Orthodontics, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK
| | - Paul T Sharpe
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, King's College London London, UK
| | - Martyn T Cobourne
- Department of Craniofacial Development and Stem Cell Biology, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK ; Department of Orthodontics, Dental Institute, King's College London London, UK
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Tecco S, Lacarbonara M, Dinoi MT, Gallusi G, Marchetti E, Mummolo S, Campanella V, Marzo G. The retrieval of unerupted teeth in pedodontics: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 2014; 8:334. [PMID: 25301242 PMCID: PMC4206860 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-8-334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The retrieval of unerupted teeth in pedodontics is always significant to preserve the trophism of adjacent tissues, establish the correct space, provide adequate function and maintain good esthetics for the patient. The treatment plan is based on radiographic examinations and measurements, and on an accurate clinical evaluation; it aims to achieve the best treatment possible depending on the complexity of the specific case.In the most difficult clinical cases it is very important to have an early diagnosis, which is essential to plan the treatment and achieve success. In these cases, the pediatrician is in a strategic position to give an early diagnosis through a child's medical history and by counting the child's teeth. CASE PRESENTATION This article presents two different difficult clinical cases of impacted teeth diagnosed during pediatric age, with a radiological analysis, and successfully treated with orthodontic devices designed for these specific cases. Clinical case 1 describes a 13-year-old Italian girl; clinical case 2 describes a 9-year-old Italian girl. The use of these devices achieved the desired treatment goals. The problems associated with impacted teeth and the biomechanical interventions used for these patients are discussed. CONCLUSIONS An early and careful diagnosis followed by an accurate treatment plan for the individual cases can lead to retrieval of the impacted teeth without affecting other anatomic structures and adjacent teeth. In these cases, the pediatrician is in a strategic position to give an early diagnosis through a child's medical history and by counting the child's teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tecco
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Dental Clinic, via Olgettina, 58 20132 Milano, Italy.
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Sun Q, Liu H, Chen Z. The fine tuning role of microRNA-RNA interaction in odontoblast differentiation and disease. Oral Dis 2014; 21:142-8. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Sun
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM); School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - H Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM); School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Z Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education (KLOBM); School and Hospital of Stomatology; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
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Un caso di amelogenesi imperfetta risolto con tecniche indirette. DENTAL CADMOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8524(14)70151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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