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Kim J, Eygeris Y, Ryals RC, Jozić A, Sahay G. Strategies for non-viral vectors targeting organs beyond the liver. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:428-447. [PMID: 38151642 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles have evolved to a clinical modality to deliver diverse nucleic acids. Rising interest in nanomedicines comes from proven safety and efficacy profiles established by continuous efforts to optimize physicochemical properties and endosomal escape. However, despite their transformative impact on the pharmaceutical industry, the clinical use of non-viral nucleic acid delivery is limited to hepatic diseases and vaccines due to liver accumulation. Overcoming liver tropism of nanoparticles is vital to meet clinical needs in other organs. Understanding the anatomical structure and physiological features of various organs would help to identify potential strategies for fine-tuning nanoparticle characteristics. In this Review, we discuss the source of liver tropism of non-viral vectors, present a brief overview of biological structure, processes and barriers in select organs, highlight approaches available to reach non-liver targets, and discuss techniques to accelerate the discovery of non-hepatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghwan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yulia Eygeris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Renee C Ryals
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Antony Jozić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Robertson Life Sciences Building, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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2
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Yu Y, Gao Y, He L, Fang B, Ge W, Yang P, Ju Y, Xie X, Lei L. Biomaterial-based gene therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e259. [PMID: 37284583 PMCID: PMC10239531 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy, a medical approach that involves the correction or replacement of defective and abnormal genes, plays an essential role in the treatment of complex and refractory diseases, such as hereditary diseases, cancer, and rheumatic immune diseases. Nucleic acids alone do not easily enter the target cells due to their easy degradation in vivo and the structure of the target cell membranes. The introduction of genes into biological cells is often dependent on gene delivery vectors, such as adenoviral vectors, which are commonly used in gene therapy. However, traditional viral vectors have strong immunogenicity while also presenting a potential infection risk. Recently, biomaterials have attracted attention for use as efficient gene delivery vehicles, because they can avoid the drawbacks associated with viral vectors. Biomaterials can improve the biological stability of nucleic acids and the efficiency of intracellular gene delivery. This review is focused on biomaterial-based delivery systems in gene therapy and disease treatment. Herein, we review the recent developments and modalities of gene therapy. Additionally, we discuss nucleic acid delivery strategies, with a focus on biomaterial-based gene delivery systems. Furthermore, the current applications of biomaterial-based gene therapy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department of StomatologyThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yijun Gao
- Department of StomatologyThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Liming He
- Department of StomatologyChangsha Stomatological HospitalChangshaChina
| | - Bairong Fang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wenhui Ge
- Department of StomatologyThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Pu Yang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yikun Ju
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) SurgeryThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of StomatologyThe Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Lanjie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina
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Jiang X, Wang N, Liu C, Zhuo Y, Liang L, Gan Y, Yu M. Oral delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics: Challenges, strategies, and opportunities. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103507. [PMID: 36690175 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, advances in chemical synthesis and delivery systems have accelerated the development of therapeutic nucleic acids, several of which have been approved by the Us Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Oral nucleic acid delivery is preferred because of its simplicity and patient compliance, but it still presents distinct challenges. The negative charge, hydrophilicity, and large molecular weight of nucleic acids combined with in vivo gastrointestinal (GI) barriers (e.g., acidic pH, enzymes, mucus, and intestinal epithelial cells) severely hinder their delivery efficacy. Recently, various nanoparticles (NPs), ranging from polymeric to lipid-based (L)NPs and extracellular vesicles (EVs), have been extensively explored to address these obstacles. In this review, we describe the physiological barriers in the GI tract and summarize recent advances in NP-based oral nucleic acid therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Li Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Miaorong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
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4
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Chen F, Liu Q, Xiong Y, Xu L. Nucleic acid strategies for infectious disease treatments: The nanoparticle-based oral delivery route. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:984981. [PMID: 36105233 PMCID: PMC9465296 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.984981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies based on orally administrated nucleic acids have significant potential for the treatment of infectious diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated with the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and infectious and acute contagious diseases like coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This is because nucleic acids could precisely regulate susceptibility genes in regulating the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines expression related to the infections. Unfortunately, gene delivery remains a major hurdle due to multiple intracellular and extracellular barriers. This review thoroughly discusses the challenges of nanoparticle-based nucleic acid gene deliveries and strategies for overcoming delivery barriers to the inflammatory sites. Oral nucleic acid delivery case studies were also present as vital examples of applications in infectious diseases such as IBD and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Chen
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock Trauma Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yang Xiong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Xu,
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Bacteria-Based Microdevices for the Oral Delivery of Macromolecules. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101610. [PMID: 34683903 PMCID: PMC8537518 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral delivery of macromolecules is quite challenging due to environmental insults and biological barriers encountered along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Benefiting from their living characteristics, diverse bacterial species have been engineered as intelligent platforms to deliver various therapeutics. To tackle difficulties in oral delivery, innovative bacteria-based microdevices have been developed by virtue of advancements in synthetic biology and nanotechnology, with aims to overcome the instability and short half-life of macromolecules in the GI tract. In this review, we summarize the main classes of macromolecules that are produced and delivered through the oral ingestion of bacteria and bacterial derivatives. Furtherly, we discuss the engineering strategies and biomedical applications of these living microdevices in disease diagnosis, bioimaging, and treatment. Finally, we highlight the advantages as well as the limitations of these engineered bacteria used as platforms for the oral delivery of macromolecules and also propose their potential for clinical translation. The results summarized in this review article would contribute to the invention of next-generation bacteria-based systems for the oral delivery of macromolecules.
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Wang X, Gu H, Zhang H, Xian J, Li J, Fu C, Zhang C, Zhang J. Oral Core-Shell Nanoparticles Embedded in Hydrogel Microspheres for the Efficient Site-Specific Delivery of Magnolol and Enhanced Antiulcerative Colitis Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33948-33961. [PMID: 34261306 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Although magnolol (Mag), an anti-inflammatory natural compound, has been demonstrated to play protective effects on ulcerative colitis (UC), its application as an alternative therapeutic reagent for UC treatment is still greatly impeded due to its poor stability in the gastrointestinal tract and insufficient accumulation in the inflamed colon lesion. Nano-/microsized drug delivery systems can potentially overcome some challenges regarding the oral administration of phytochemicals, which still confront premature early drug release, degradation of NPs, or the sustained drug release of MPs. In this study, we primarily loaded Mag into the core-shell zein-based nanoparticles with chondroitin sulfate coating (Mag@CS-Zein NPs) with an average size of 142.27 ± 5.11 nm, showing significant macrophage-targeting and enhanced colon epithelial cellular uptake capacity. Then, we embedded Mag@CS-Zein NPs into hydrogel microspheres via an electrospraying technology. The Mag@CS-Zein NPsinMPs presented a uniform-sized sphere with an average size of 164.36 ± 6.29 μm and sustained drug-release profiles. Compared to CS-Zein NPs, the developed CS-Zein NPsinMPs exhibited prolonged colon retention on the inflammatory surface, as seen from ex vivo and in vivo imaging fluorescence adhesion experiments. Based on the advantage of the combination of hybrid nanoparticles-in-microparticles, oral administration of Mag@CS-Zein NPsinMPs significantly alleviated colitis symptoms in DSS-treated mice by regulating the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) and factor accelerated colonic mucosal barrier repair via upregulating the expression of ZO-1 and occludin. This study provides great insights into the oral drug delivery of natural compounds for UC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
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Oligonucleotide Delivery across the Caco-2 Monolayer: The Design and Evaluation of Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDS). Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040459. [PMID: 33800701 PMCID: PMC8066367 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotides (OND) represent a promising therapeutic approach. However, their instability and low intestinal permeability hamper oral bioavailability. Well-established for oral delivery, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) can overcome the weakness of other delivery systems such as long-term instability of nanoparticles or complicated formulation processes. Therefore, the present study aims to prepare SEDDS for delivery of a nonspecific fluorescently labeled OND across the intestinal Caco-2 monolayer. The hydrophobic ion pairing of an OND and a cationic lipid served as an effective hydrophobization method using either dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDAB) or 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium propane (DOTAP). This strategy allowed a successful loading of OND-cationic lipid complexes into both negatively charged and neutral SEDDS. Subjecting both complex-loaded SEDDS to a nuclease, the negatively charged SEDDS protected about 16% of the complexed OND in contrast to 58% protected by its neutral counterpart. Furthermore, both SEDDS containing permeation-enhancing excipients facilitated delivery of OND across the intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayer. The negatively charged SEDDS showed a more stable permeability profile over 120 min, with a permeability of about 2 × 10-7 cm/s, unlike neutral SEDDS, which displayed an increasing permeability reaching up to 7 × 10-7 cm/s. In conclusion, these novel SEDDS-based formulations provide a promising tool for OND protection and delivery across the Caco-2 cell monolayer.
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Attarwala HZ, Suri K, Amiji MM. Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution Analysis of Small Interference RNA for Silencing Tissue Transglutaminase-2 in Celiac Disease After Oral Administration in Mice Using Gelatin-Based Multicompartmental Delivery Systems. Bioelectricity 2020; 2:167-174. [PMID: 34471844 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2020.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: RNA interference (RNAi) therapy has tremendous potential in treating diseases that are characterized by overexpression of genes. However, the biggest challenge to utilize the therapy is to engineer delivery systems that can efficiently transport small interfering RNA (siRNA) to appropriate target sites. Our objective in this study was to develop and evaluate multi-compartmental systems for the oral delivery of siRNA that targets the overexpressed TG2 gene (TG2-siRNA) in the small intestine for the treatment of celiac disease (CD). Materials and Methods: Two types of multicompartmental systems were developed and evaluated: (1) a solid-in-solid multicompartmental system featuring "nanoparticle in microsphere oral system (NiMOS)" where type B gelatin nanoparticles containing TG2-siRNA (TG2-NiMOS) were encapsulated within poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) based microspheres, and (2) a solid-in-liquid multicompartmental system, "Nanoparticle-in-Emulsion (NiE)" consisting of type-B gelatin nanoparticles containing TG2-siRNA encapsulated within safflower oil containing water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) multiple emulsion (TG2-NiE). Results: Evaluation of the biodistribution and pharmacokinetics (PK) after a single oral dose of siRNA containing multicompartmental systems to C57BL/6 mice showed that TG2-siRNA was delivered to the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum), and colon with minimal systemic exposure via both TG2-NiE and TG2-NiMOS systems. TG2-siRNA exposure (AUC0-t) in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon was 56.4-, 34.3-, 85.5- and 35.5-fold greater for the TG2-NiMOS formulation, relative to the TG2-NiE formulation. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that TG2-NiMOS formulation was more superior than TG2-NiE formulation in facilitating intestinal delivery of siRNA via the oral route of administration and can be potentially used in the treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husain Z Attarwala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kanika Suri
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Cui X, Bao L, Wang X, Chen C. The Nano-Intestine Interaction: Understanding the Location-Oriented Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Intestine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1907665. [PMID: 32347646 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201907665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in food additives, food packages, and therapeutic purposes owing to their useful properties, Therefore, human beings are orally exposed to exogenous nanomaterials frequently, which means the intestine is one of the primary targets of nanomaterials. Consequently, it is of great importance to understand the interaction between nanomaterials and the intestine. When nanomaterials enter into gut lumen, they inevitably interact with various components and thereby display different effects on the intestine based on their locations; these are known as location-oriented effects (LOE). The intestinal LOE confer a new biological-effect profile for nanomaterials, which is dependent on the involvement of the following biological processes: nano-mucus interaction, nano-intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) interaction, nano-immune interaction, and nano-microbiota interaction. A deep understanding of NM-induced LOE will facilitate the design of safer NMs and the development of more efficient nanomedicine for intestine-related diseases. Herein, recent progress in this field is reviewed in order to better understand the LOE of nanomaterials. The distant effects of nanomaterials coupling with microbiota are also highlighted. Investigation of the interaction of nanomaterials with the intestine will stimulate other new research areas beyond intestinal nanotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, 510700, China
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Bagwe-Parab S, Kaur G. Molecular targets and therapeutic interventions for iron induced neurodegeneration. Brain Res Bull 2020; 156:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Fan Y, Dhaliwal HK, Menon AV, Chang J, Choi JE, Amiji MM, Kim J. Site-specific intestinal DMT1 silencing to mitigate iron absorption using pH-sensitive multi-compartmental nanoparticulate oral delivery system. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 22:102091. [PMID: 31626992 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron is a nutrient metal, but excess iron promotes tissue damage. Since iron chelation therapies exhibit multiple off-target toxicities, there is a substantial demand for more specific approaches to decrease iron burden in iron overload. While the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) plays a well-established role in the absorption of dietary iron, up-regulation of intestinal DMT1 is associated with iron overload in both humans and rodents. Hence, we developed a novel pH-sensitive multi-compartmental particulate (MCP) oral delivery system that encapsulates DMT1 siRNA and validated its efficacy in mice. Using the gelatin NPs coated with Eudragit® L100-55, we demonstrated that DMT1 siRNA-loaded MCPs down-regulated DMT1 mRNA levels in the duodenum, which was consistent with decreased intestinal absorption of orally-administered 59Fe. Together, the Eudragit® L100-55-based oral siRNA delivery system could provide an effective strategy to specifically down-regulate duodenal DMT1 and mitigate iron absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - JuOae Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jee Eun Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
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O'Driscoll CM, Bernkop-Schnürch A, Friedl JD, Préat V, Jannin V. Oral delivery of non-viral nucleic acid-based therapeutics - do we have the guts for this? Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 133:190-204. [PMID: 30946964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy with RNA and pDNA-based drugs is limited by poor enzymatic stability and poor cellular permeation. The delivery of nucleic acids, in particular by the oral route, remains a major hurdle. This review will focus on the barriers to the oral delivery of nucleic acids and the strategies, in particular formulation strategies, which have been developed to overcome these barriers. Due to their very low oral bioavailability, the most obvious and most investigated biomedical applications for their oral delivery are related to the local treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancers. Preclinical data but not yet clinical studies support the potential use of the oral route for the local delivery of formulated nucleic acid-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Julian D Friedl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Véronique Préat
- Universite catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Avenue Mounier, 73 bte B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Vincent Jannin
- Gattefossé SAS, 36 chemin de Genas, 69804 Saint-Priest cedex, France.
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Kang SH, Hong SJ, Lee YK, Cho S. Oral Vaccine Delivery for Intestinal Immunity-Biological Basis, Barriers, Delivery System, and M Cell Targeting. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E948. [PMID: 30960873 PMCID: PMC6403562 DOI: 10.3390/polym10090948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most currently available commercial vaccines are delivered by systemic injection. However, needle-free oral vaccine delivery is currently of great interest for several reasons, including the ability to elicit mucosal immune responses, ease of administration, and the relatively improved safety. This review summarizes the biological basis, various physiological and immunological barriers, current delivery systems with delivery criteria, and suggestions for strategies to enhance the delivery of oral vaccines. In oral vaccine delivery, basic requirements are the protection of antigens from the GI environment, targeting of M cells and activation of the innate immune response. Approaches to address these requirements aim to provide new vaccines and delivery systems that mimic the pathogen's properties, which are capable of eliciting a protective mucosal immune response and a systemic immune response and that make an impact on current oral vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hun Kang
- Department of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.
| | - Seok Jin Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong 18450, Korea.
| | - Yong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea.
- 4D Biomaterials Center, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea.
| | - Sungpil Cho
- 4D Biomaterials Center, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea.
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