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Ma J, Dong D, Qi H, Li J, Yu H, Hu X, Sun L, Shen L. LARP1, an RNA-binding protein, participates in ovarian cancer cell survival by regulating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in response to the influence of the PI3K/mTOR pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167453. [PMID: 39111634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway and modulating mitochondrial adaptation is expected to be a critical approach for cancer therapy. Although the regulation of mitochondria by the PI3K/mTOR pathway has been investigated, it is not well understood due to the complexity of its regulatory mechanisms. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) selectively regulate gene expression through post-transcriptional modulation, playing a key role in cancer progression. LARP1, a downstream RBP of the mTOR pathway, is involved in mitochondria-mediated BCL-2 cell survival. Therefore, exploring the involvement of LARP1 in PI3K/mTOR-mediated translational regulation of mitochondria-associated proteins in ovarian cancer cells could help elucidate the role of mitochondria in the PI3K/mTOR pathway. We found that, unlike SKOV3 cells, the mitochondrial function of A2780 cells was not affected, which were insensitive to the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PKI-402, suggesting that cell survival may be related to mitochondrial function. Knockdown of the LARP1 gene after PKI-402 treatment resulted in impaired mitochondrial function in A2780 cells, possibly due to decreased mRNA stability and reduced protein translation of the mitochondrial transcription initiation factor, TFB2M, and the respiratory chain complex II subunit, SDHB. LARP1 affects protein translation by binding to TFB2M mRNA, regulating mitochondrial DNA-encoded genes, or indirectly regulating the nuclear DNA-encoded SDHB gene, ultimately interfering with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and leading to apoptosis. Therefore, LARP1 may be an important mediator in the PI3K/mTOR pathway for regulating mRNA translation and mitochondrial function. Targeting RBPs such as LARP1 downstream of the mTOR pathway may provide new insights and potential therapeutic approaches for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Delu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huimei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liankun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Luyan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Department of Pathophysiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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2
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Kodavati M, Maloji Rao VH, Provasek VE, Hegde ML. Regulation of DNA damage response by RNA/DNA-binding proteins: Implications for neurological disorders and aging. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102413. [PMID: 39032612 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are evolutionarily conserved across most forms of life, with an estimated 1500 RBPs in humans. Traditionally associated with post-transcriptional gene regulation, RBPs contribute to nearly every known aspect of RNA biology, including RNA splicing, transport, and decay. In recent years, an increasing subset of RBPs have been recognized for their DNA binding properties and involvement in DNA transactions. We refer to these RBPs with well-characterized DNA binding activity as RNA/DNA binding proteins (RDBPs), many of which are linked to neurological diseases. RDBPs are associated with both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA repair. Furthermore, the presence of intrinsically disordered domains in RDBPs appears to be critical for regulating their diverse interactions and plays a key role in controlling protein aggregation, which is implicated in neurodegeneration. In this review, we discuss the emerging roles of common RDBPs from the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family, such as TAR DNA binding protein-43 (TDP43) and fused in sarcoma (FUS) in controlling DNA damage response (DDR). We also explore the implications of RDBP pathology in aging and neurodegenerative diseases and provide a prospective on the therapeutic potential of targeting RDBP pathology mediated DDR defects for motor neuron diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Kodavati
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA.
| | - Vikas H Maloji Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA
| | - Vincent E Provasek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA; School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77047, USA; School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Weill Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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3
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Yi S, Singh SS, Rozen-Gagnon K, Luna JM. Mapping RNA-protein interactions with subcellular resolution using colocalization CLIP. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 30:920-937. [PMID: 38658162 PMCID: PMC11182006 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079890.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are essential for RNA metabolism and profoundly impact health and disease. The subcellular organization of RBP interaction networks with target RNAs remains largely unexplored. Here, we develop colocalization CLIP (coCLIP), a method that combines cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) with proximity labeling, to explore in-depth the subcellular RNA interactions of the RBP human antigen R (HuR). Using this method, we uncover HuR's dynamic and location-specific interactions with RNA, revealing alterations in sequence preferences and interactions in the nucleus, cytosol, or stress granule (SG) compartments. We uncover HuR's unique binding preferences within SGs during arsenite stress, illuminating intricate interactions that conventional methodologies cannot capture. Overall, coCLIP provides a powerful method for revealing RBP-RNA interactions based on localization and lays the foundation for an advanced understanding of RBP models that incorporate subcellular location as a critical determinant of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Yi
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Shashi S Singh
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Kathryn Rozen-Gagnon
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Joseph M Luna
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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4
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Majumder M, Janakiraman H, Chakraborty P, Vijayakumar A, Mayhue S, Yu H, Dincman T, Martin R, O’Quinn E, Mehrotra S, Palanisamy V. RNA-binding protein HuR reprograms immune T cells and promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma. ORAL ONCOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 10:100296. [PMID: 38681116 PMCID: PMC11044901 DOI: 10.1016/j.oor.2024.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Hu Antigen R, also known as ELAVL1 (HuR), is a key posttranscriptional regulator in eukaryotic cells. HuR overexpression promotes several malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, its immune dysfunction-associated tumorigenesis pathways remain unknown. We examined HuR's effects on oral malignancies and immune cell function in vitro and in vivo using oral carcinoma cells and transgenic HuR knockout (KO) mice. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated HuR deletion in mice syngeneic oral cancer cells eliminated colony formation and tumor development. HuR-KO tumors had a lower tumor volume, fewer CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells, and more CD8+ T cells, suggesting that HuR may suppress the immune response during oral cancer progression. In contrast, HuR KO oral epithelial tissues are resistant to 4NQO-induced oral malignancies compared to control tumor-bearing mice. HuR KO mice showed fewer Tregs and greater IFN levels than WT tumor-bearing mice, suggesting anticancer activity. Finally, the HuR inhibitor pyrvinium pamoate lowers tumor burden by enhancing CD8+ infiltration at the expense of CD4+, suggesting anticancer benefits. Thus, HuR-dependent oral neoplasia relies on immunological dysfunction, suggesting that decreasing HuR may boost antitumor potential and offer a novel HNSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sari Mayhue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, USA
| | - Hong Yu
- Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, USA
| | - Toros Dincman
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, College of Medicine, USA
| | - Romeo Martin
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Elizabeth O’Quinn
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | | | - Viswanathan Palanisamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, USA
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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5
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Liu C, Lin Y, Wang Y, Lin S, Zhou J, Tang H, Yi X, Ma Z, Xia T, Jiang B, Tian F, Ju Z, Liu B, Gu X, Yang Z, Wang W. HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114238. [PMID: 38748875 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Triacylglyceride (TAG) synthesis in the small intestine determines the absorption of dietary fat, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be further studied. Here, we report that the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) promotes TAG synthesis in the small intestine. HuR associates with the 3' UTR of Dgat2 mRNA and intron 1 of Mgat2 pre-mRNA. Association of HuR with Dgat2 3' UTR stabilizes Dgat2 mRNA, while association of HuR with intron 1 of Mgat2 pre-mRNA promotes the processing of Mgat2 pre-mRNA. Intestinal epithelium-specific HuR knockout reduces the expression of DGAT2 and MGAT2, thereby reducing the dietary fat absorption through TAG synthesis and mitigating high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity. Our findings highlight a critical role of HuR in promoting dietary fat absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yunping Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuyong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hao Tang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Heart Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Central China Fuwai Hospital and Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Xia Yi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Tianjiao Xia
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Baohua Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Human Disease Prevention, Carson International Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Wengong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China; Liaoning Technology and Engineering Center for Tumor Immunology and Molecular Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Age-related Disease, Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning, China.
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6
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Patel H, Sheikh MS, Huang Y. ECRG2/SPINK7 Tumor Suppressor as Modulator of DNA Damage Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5854. [PMID: 38892042 PMCID: PMC11172197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal Cancer-Related Gene 2 (ECRG2), also known as Serine Peptidase Inhibitor Kazal type 7 (SPINK7), is a novel tumor suppressor gene from the SPINK family of genes that exhibits anticancer potential. ECRG2 was originally identified during efforts to discover genes involved in esophageal tumorigenesis. ECRG2 was one of those genes whose expression was absent or reduced in primary human esophageal cancers. Additionally, absent or reduced ECRG2 expression was also noted in several other types of human malignancies. ECRG2 missense mutations were identified in various primary human cancers. It was reported that a cancer-derived ECRG2 mutant (valine to glutamic acid at position 30) failed to induce cell death and caspase activation triggered by DNA-damaging anticancer drugs. Furthermore, ECRG2 suppressed cancer cell proliferation in cultured cells and grafted tumors in animals and inhibited cancer cell migration/invasion and metastasis. ECRG2 also was identified as a negative regulator of Hu-antigen R (HuR), an oncogenic RNA-binding protein that is known to regulate mRNA stability and the expression of transcripts corresponding to many cancer-related genes. ECRG2 function is important also for the regulation of inflammatory responses and the maintenance of epithelial barrier integrity in the esophagus. More recently, ECRG2 was discovered as one of the newest members of the pro-apoptotic transcriptional targets of p53. Two p53-binding sites (BS-1 and BS-2) were found within the proximal region of the ECRG2 gene promoter; the treatment of DNA-damaging agents in cancer cells significantly increased p53 binding to the ECRG2 promoter and triggered a strong ECRG2 promoter induction following DNA damage. Further, the genetic depletion of ECRG2 expression significantly impeded apoptotic cell death induced by DNA damage and wild-type p53 in cancer cells. These findings suggest that the loss of ECRG2 expression, commonly observed in human cancers, could play important roles in conferring anticancer drug resistance in human cancers. Thus, ECRG2 is a novel regulator in DNA damage-induced cell death that may also be a potential target for anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Saeed Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA;
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7
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Shatat AAS, Mahgoup EM, Rashed MH, Saleh IG, Akool ES. Molecular mechanisms of extracellular-ATP-mediated colorectal cancer progression: Implication of purinergic receptors-mediated nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HuR. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-10021-2. [PMID: 38801618 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-10021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide is colorectal cancer (CRC). Extracellular ATP (e-ATP) and purinergic receptors (P2R) play a central role in CRC proliferation and progression. Human antigen R (HuR) is becoming more and more understood to be essential for the expression of genes linked to cancer. The current study demonstrates that ATP can mediate CRC (Caco-2 cells) progression via induction of HuR nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and subsequent expression of cancer-related genes, a consequence mostly mediated via the P2R receptor. It was also noted that suppression of HuR activity by using dihydrotanshinone I (DHTS) prevents cancer-related gene expression and subsequent CRC (Caco-2 cells) progression induced by ATP. The expression of cyclin A2/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), Bcl-2, ProT-α, hypoxia-inducible factor1-α (HIF1-α), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) induced by ATP were highly reduced in the presence of either PPADS (non-selective P2R antagonist) or DHTS. In addition, e-ATP-induced Caco-2 cell proliferation as well as cell survival were highly reduced in the presence of either PPADS or DHTS or selective CDK-2 inhibitor (Roscovitine) or selective Bcl-2 inhibitor (ABT-263). Furthermore, it was found that MMP-9 is critical for Caco-2 cells migration induced by e-ATP as demonstrated by a clear reduction in cells migration in the presence of a selective MMP-9 inhibitor (Marimastat). Collectively, these data demonstrate that ATP through P2R activation can induce HuR nucleocytoplasmic shuttling that could be translated into an increase in cancer-related genes expression and subsequent, cell proliferation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Aziz S Shatat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsayed M Mahgoup
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed H Rashed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim G Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantra, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed Akool
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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8
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Wang T, Li X, Ma R, Sun J, Huang S, Sun Z, Wang M. Advancements in colorectal cancer research: Unveiling the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neddylation (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:39. [PMID: 38391033 PMCID: PMC10919758 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Neddylation, akin to ubiquitination, represents a post‑translational modification of proteins wherein neural precursor cell‑expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8 (NEDD8) is modified on the substrate protein through a series of reactions. Neddylation plays a pivotal role in the growth and proliferation of animal cells. In colorectal cancer (CRC), it predominantly contributes to the proliferation, metastasis and survival of tumor cells, decreasing overall patient survival. The strategic manipulation of the NEDD8‑mediated neddylation pathway holds immense therapeutic promise in terms of the potential to modulate the growth of tumors by regulating diverse biological responses within cancer cells, such as DNA damage response and apoptosis, among others. MLN4924 is an inhibitor of NEDD8, and its combined use with platinum drugs and irinotecan, as well as cycle inhibitors and NEDD activating enzyme inhibitors screened by drug repurposing, has been found to exert promising antitumor effects. The present review summarizes the recent progress made in the understanding of the role of NEDD8 in the advancement of CRC, suggesting that NEDD8 is a promising anti‑CRC target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Wang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Huang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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9
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Lachiondo-Ortega S, Rejano-Gordillo CM, Simon J, Lopitz-Otsoa F, C Delgado T, Mazan-Mamczarz K, Goikoetxea-Usandizaga N, Zapata-Pavas LE, García-Del Río A, Guerra P, Peña-Sanfélix P, Hermán-Sánchez N, Al-Abdulla R, Fernandez-Rodríguez C, Azkargorta M, Velázquez-Cruz A, Guyon J, Martín C, Zalamea JD, Egia-Mendikute L, Sanz-Parra A, Serrano-Maciá M, González-Recio I, Gonzalez-Lopez M, Martínez-Cruz LA, Pontisso P, Aransay AM, Barrio R, Sutherland JD, Abrescia NGA, Elortza F, Lujambio A, Banales JM, Luque RM, Gahete MD, Palazón A, Avila MA, G Marin JJ, De S, Daubon T, Díaz-Quintana A, Díaz-Moreno I, Gorospe M, Rodríguez MS, Martínez-Chantar ML. SUMOylation controls Hu antigen R posttranscriptional activity in liver cancer. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113924. [PMID: 38507413 PMCID: PMC11025316 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The posttranslational modification of proteins critically influences many biological processes and is a key mechanism that regulates the function of the RNA-binding protein Hu antigen R (HuR), a hub in liver cancer. Here, we show that HuR is SUMOylated in the tumor sections of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in contrast to the surrounding tissue, as well as in human cell line and mouse models of the disease. SUMOylation of HuR promotes major cancer hallmarks, namely proliferation and invasion, whereas the absence of HuR SUMOylation results in a senescent phenotype with dysfunctional mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Mechanistically, SUMOylation induces a structural rearrangement of the RNA recognition motifs that modulates HuR binding affinity to its target RNAs, further modifying the transcriptomic profile toward hepatic tumor progression. Overall, SUMOylation constitutes a mechanism of HuR regulation that could be potentially exploited as a therapeutic strategy for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lachiondo-Ortega
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Claudia M Rejano-Gordillo
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, University Institute of Biosanitary Research of Extremadura (INUBE), 06071 Badajoz, Spain; Biofisika Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Jorge Simon
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Teresa C Delgado
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Krystyna Mazan-Mamczarz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Naroa Goikoetxea-Usandizaga
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - L Estefanía Zapata-Pavas
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Ana García-Del Río
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Pietro Guerra
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology (UIMH), Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Patricia Peña-Sanfélix
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Natalia Hermán-Sánchez
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology of University of Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ruba Al-Abdulla
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain; Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine of Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Carmen Fernandez-Rodríguez
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Mikel Azkargorta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Proteomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Carlos III Networked Proteomics Platform (ProteoRed-ISCIII), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Velázquez-Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Joris Guyon
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - César Martín
- Biofisika Institute, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Juan Diego Zalamea
- Structure and Cell Biology of Viruses Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Leire Egia-Mendikute
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Arantza Sanz-Parra
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Marina Serrano-Maciá
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Irene González-Recio
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Monika Gonzalez-Lopez
- Genome Analysis Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Luis Alfonso Martínez-Cruz
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Patrizia Pontisso
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology (UIMH), Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Ana M Aransay
- Genome Analysis Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Rosa Barrio
- Ubiquitin-likes and Development Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - James D Sutherland
- Ubiquitin-likes and Development Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nicola G A Abrescia
- Structure and Cell Biology of Viruses Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Félix Elortza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Proteomics Platform, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Carlos III Networked Proteomics Platform (ProteoRed-ISCIII), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology of University of Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology of University of Córdoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, CIBER Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Asís Palazón
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Matias A Avila
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Hepatology Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose J G Marin
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain; Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Supriyo De
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Daubon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | - Antonio Díaz-Quintana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Irene Díaz-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja (cicCartuja), Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Intramural Research Program (IRP), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Manuel S Rodríguez
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC), UPR 8241, CNRS; IPBS-University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - María Luz Martínez-Chantar
- Liver Disease Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Saluja S, Bansal I, Bhardwaj R, Beg MS, Palanichamy JK. Inflammation as a driver of hematological malignancies. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1347402. [PMID: 38571491 PMCID: PMC10987768 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1347402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a tightly regulated process that produces all adult blood cells and immune cells from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). HSCs usually remain quiescent, and in the presence of external stimuli like infection or inflammation, they undergo division and differentiation as a compensatory mechanism. Normal hematopoiesis is impacted by systemic inflammation, which causes HSCs to transition from quiescence to emergency myelopoiesis. At the molecular level, inflammatory cytokine signaling molecules such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferons, interleukins, and toll-like receptors can all cause HSCs to multiply directly. These cytokines actively encourage HSC activation, proliferation, and differentiation during inflammation, which results in the generation and activation of immune cells required to combat acute injury. The bone marrow niche provides numerous soluble and stromal cell signals, which are essential for maintaining normal homeostasis and output of the bone marrow cells. Inflammatory signals also impact this bone marrow microenvironment called the HSC niche to regulate the inflammatory-induced hematopoiesis. Continuous pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine activation can have detrimental effects on the hematopoietic system, which can lead to cancer development, HSC depletion, and bone marrow failure. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage DNA and ultimately lead to the transformation of HSCs into cancerous cells, are produced due to chronic inflammation. The biological elements of the HSC niche produce pro-inflammatory cytokines that cause clonal growth and the development of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in hematological malignancies. The processes underlying how inflammation affects hematological malignancies are still not fully understood. In this review, we emphasize the effects of inflammation on normal hematopoiesis, the part it plays in the development and progression of hematological malignancies, and potential therapeutic applications for targeting these pathways for therapy in hematological malignancies.
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11
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Tang C, Zhuang H, Wang W, Wang Q, Ma X, Wang B, Zhang Z, Jiang J, Xie Z, Tan W, Yang L, Liu S, Hua Y, Xiao Y, Ding B, Chen Y, Shang C. CircNUP54 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via facilitating HuR cytoplasmic export and stabilizing BIRC3 mRNA. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:191. [PMID: 38443362 PMCID: PMC10914787 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06570-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been fully elucidated. Herein, a new oncogenic circRNA, hsa_circ_0070039 (circNUP54), was identified to be significantly upregulated in HCC through circRNA sequencing. As verified in 68 HCC samples, circNUP54 overexpression was correlated with aggressive cancerous behaviors and poor outcomes. Moreover, the function experiments showed that knockdown of circNUP54 inhibited the malignant progression of HCC in vitro and in vivo, whereas overexpression of circNUP54 had the opposite role. Mechanistic investigations carried out by RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence revealed that circNUP54 interacted with the RNA-binding protein Hu-antigen R (HuR) and promoted its cytoplasmic export. The cytoplasmic accumulation of HuR stabilized the downstream BIRC3 mRNA through its binding to the 3' UTR region. Consequently, the encoded protein of BIRC3, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (cIAP2), proceeded to activate the NF-κB signal pathway and ultimately contributed to HCC progression. In addition, depletion of BIRC3 rescued the pro-tumorigenic effect of circNUP54 on HCC cells. Overall, this study demonstrated that circNUP54 facilitates HCC progression via regulating the HuR/BIRC3/NF-κB axis, which may serve as a promising therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenwei Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Hongkai Zhuang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Qingbin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Xiaowu Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Bingkun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Jiahao Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Zhiqin Xie
- Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Wenliang Tan
- Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, 412007, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Songyao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Yonglin Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Yuxin Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China
| | - Baoshan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
| | - Changzhen Shang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, China.
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Li R, Wang J, Xie Z, Tian X, Hou J, Wang D, Qian H, Shen H, Xu W. CircUSP1 as a novel marker promotes gastric cancer progression via stabilizing HuR to upregulate USP1 and Vimentin. Oncogene 2024; 43:1033-1049. [PMID: 38366146 PMCID: PMC10978489 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-02968-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating various tumors. However, their biological functions and mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) have not been well understood. Here, we discovered a stable cytoplasmic circRNA named circUSP1 (hsa_circ_000613) in GC. CircUSP1 upregulation in GC tissues was correlated with tumor size and differentiation. We observed that circUSP1 promoted GC growth and metastasis. Mechanistically, circUSP1 mainly interacted with the RRM1 domain of an RNA-binding protein (RBP) called HuR, stabilizing its protein level by inhibiting β-TrCP-mediated ubiquitination degradation. The oncogenic properties of HuR mediated promotive effects of circUSP1 in GC progression. Moreover, we identified USP1 and Vimentin as downstream targets of HuR in post-transcriptional regulation, mediating the effects of circUSP1. The parent gene USP1 also enhanced the viability and mobility of GC cells. Additionally, tissue-derived circUSP1 could serve as an independent prognostic factor for GC, while plasma-derived circUSP1 showed promise as a diagnostic biomarker, outperforming conventional markers including serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA19-9). Our study highlights that circUSP1 promotes GC progression by binding to and stabilizing oncogenic HuR, thereby facilitating the upregulation of USP1 and Vimentin at the post-transcriptional level. These findings suggest that circUSP1 could be a potential therapeutic target and a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Junyi Wang
- Centre of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Zhenfan Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Xinyu Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Yangzhong City, 235 Yangzi Middle Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212200, China
| | - Dongli Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
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Wang S, Sun H, Chen G, Wu C, Sun B, Lin J, Lin D, Zeng D, Lin B, Huang G, Lu X, Lin H, Liang Y. RNA-binding proteins in breast cancer: Biological implications and therapeutic opportunities. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 195:104271. [PMID: 38272151 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) refer to a class of proteins that participate in alternative splicing, RNA stability, polyadenylation, localization and translation of RNAs, thus regulating gene expression in post-transcriptional manner. Dysregulation of RNA-RBP interaction contributes to various diseases, including cancer. In breast cancer, disorders in RBP expression and function influence the biological characteristics of tumor cells. Targeting RBPs has fostered the development of innovative therapies for breast cancer. However, the RBP-related mechanisms in breast cancer are not completely clear. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs and their signaling crosstalk in breast cancer. Specifically, we emphasize the potential of certain RBPs as prognostic factors due to their effects on proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and therapy resistance of breast cancer cells. Most importantly, we present a comprehensive overview of the latest RBP-related therapeutic strategies and novel therapeutic targets that have proven to be useful in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hexing Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Guanyuan Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chengyu Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Bingmei Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Danping Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of SUMC, Shantou 515000, China
| | - De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of SUMC, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Baohang Lin
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Longgang District Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Guan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Longgang District Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Haoyu Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Yuanke Liang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, China.
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14
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Luo Y, Hu J, Jiao Y, Liu L, Miao D, Song Y, Yan W, Li Y, Jiang Y. Andrographolide anti-proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through LncRNA MIR22HG regulation. J Nat Med 2024; 78:123-145. [PMID: 37821666 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment is a major challenge. Although andrographolide (Andro) has an anti-proliferation effect on HCC, its underlying mechanism is not yet elucidated, and whether Andro can inhibit HCC metastasis has not been reported. The present study aimed to clarify whether Andro inhibits SK-Hep-1 cell proliferation and HCC metastasis, and the mechanisms. The results showed that Andro significantly reduced the survival of HCC cells and tumor weight and volume in tumor-bearing nude mice. Andro also triggered apoptosis of HCC cells and upregulated MIR22HG, Cleaved Caspase 9/7/3 expression levels, and downregulated BCL-2 mRNA, BCL-2 expression levels. Knockdown of MIR22HG or overexpression of HuR attenuated the effects of Andro on the signal transduction of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and proliferation ability in HCC cells. Moreover, Andro significantly reduced the invasive ability of the cells and the level of HCC cell lung metastasis, upregulated miR-22-3p expression level and downregulated HMGB1 and MMP-9 expression levels. MIR22HG or miR-22-3p knockdown attenuated the effects of Andro on the signaling of HMGB1/MMP-9 pathway and invasive ability in HCC cells, while the overexpression of HMGB1 attenuated the inhibitory effects of Andro on the MMP-9 expression level and invasive ability in HCC cells. Thus, the regulation of MIR22HG-HuR/BCL-2 and MIR22HG/HMGB1 signaling pathways is involved in the anti-HCC proliferation and metastasis effects of Andro. This study provided a new pharmacological basis for Andro in HCC treatment and, for the first time, identified a natural product molecule capable of positively regulating MIR22HG, which has a robust biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Pharmacy, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jiaxuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Pharmacy, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yue Jiao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Dan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Pharmacy, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yunlei Song
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Pharmacy, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Wenjing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Pharmacy, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Yumao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, School of Pharmacy, Scientific Research Center, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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15
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Goswami B, Nag S, Ray PS. Fates and functions of RNA-binding proteins under stress. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023:e1825. [PMID: 38014833 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to stress activates a well-orchestrated set of changes in gene expression programs that allow the cell to cope with and adapt to the stress, or undergo programmed cell death. RNA-protein interactions, mediating all aspects of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, play crucial roles in cellular stress responses. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which interact with sequence/structural elements in RNAs to control the steps of RNA metabolism, have therefore emerged as central regulators of post-transcriptional responses to stress. Following exposure to a variety of stresses, the dynamic alterations in the RNA-protein interactome enable cells to respond to intracellular or extracellular perturbations by causing changes in mRNA splicing, polyadenylation, stability, translation, and localization. As RBPs play a central role in determining the cellular proteome both qualitatively and quantitatively, it has become increasingly evident that their abundance, availability, and functions are also highly regulated in response to stress. Exposure to stress initiates a series of signaling cascades that converge on post-translational modifications (PTMs) of RBPs, resulting in changes in their subcellular localization, association with stress granules, extracellular export, proteasomal degradation, and RNA-binding activities. These alterations in the fate and function of RBPs directly impact their post-transcriptional regulatory roles in cells under stress. Adopting the ubiquitous RBP HuR as a prototype, three scenarios illustrating the changes in nuclear-cytoplasmic localization, RNA-binding activity, export and degradation of HuR in response to inflammation, genotoxic stress, and heat shock depict the complex and interlinked regulatory mechanisms that control the fate and functions of RBPs under stress. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Goswami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Sharanya Nag
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
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16
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Volpe S, Listro R, Ambrosio FA, Garbagnoli M, Linciano P, Rossi D, Costa G, Alcaro S, Vasile F, Hirsch AKH, Collina S. Identification of HuR-RNA Interfering Compounds by Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry and Fluorescence Polarization. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1509-1516. [PMID: 37970588 PMCID: PMC10641899 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA binding protein HuR regulates the post-transcriptional process of different oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and its dysregulation is linked with cancer. Thus, modulating the complex HuR-RNA represents a promising anticancer strategy. To search for novel HuR ligands able to interfere with the HuR-RNA complex, the protein-templated dynamic combinatorial chemistry (pt-DCC) method was utilized. The recombinant RRM1+2 protein construct, which contains essential domains for ligand-HuR binding and exhibits enhanced solubility and stability compared to the native protein, was used for pt-DCC. Seven acylhydrazones with over 80% amplification were identified. The binding of the fragments to HuR extracted from DCC was validated using STD-NMR, and molecular modeling studies revealed the ability of the compounds to bind HuR at the mRNA binding pocket. Notably, three compounds effectively interfered with HuR-RNA binding in fluorescence polarization studies, suggesting their potential as foundational compounds for developing anticancer HuR-RNA interfering agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena
Della Volpe
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Helmholtz
Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz
Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Roberta Listro
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Department
of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University
“Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”,
Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Martina Garbagnoli
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Linciano
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Rossi
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Department
of Health Sciences, University “Magna
Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science
Academic Spin-Off, University “Magna
Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department
of Health Sciences, University “Magna
Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science
Academic Spin-Off, University “Magna
Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Vasile
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Anna K. H. Hirsch
- Helmholtz
Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz
Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department
of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Simona Collina
- Department
of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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17
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Yi S, Singh SS, Rozen-Gagnon K, Luna JM. Mapping RNA-Protein Interactions with Subcellular Resolution Using Colocalization CLIP. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.26.563984. [PMID: 37961159 PMCID: PMC10634835 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.26.563984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are essential for RNA metabolism and profoundly impact health and disease. The subcellular organization of RBP interaction networks with target RNAs remains largely unexplored. Here, we develop colocalization CLIP, a method that combines CrossLinking and ImmunoPrecipitation (CLIP) with proximity labeling, to explore in-depth the subcellular RNA interactions of the well-studied RNA-binding protein HuR. Using this method, we uncover HuR's dynamic and location-specific interactions with RNA, revealing alterations in sequence preferences and interactions in the nucleus, cytosol, or stress granule compartments. We uncover HuR's unique binding preferences within stress granules during arsenite stress, illuminating intricate interactions that conventional methodologies cannot capture. Overall, coCLIP provides a powerful method for revealing RBP:RNA interactions based on localization and lays the foundation for an advanced understanding of RBP models that incorporate subcellular location as a critical determinant of their functions.
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18
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Zhang Q, Yang Z, Hao X, Dandreo LJ, He L, Zhang Y, Wang F, Wu X, Xu L. Niclosamide improves cancer immunotherapy by modulating RNA-binding protein HuR-mediated PD-L1 signaling. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:192. [PMID: 37848943 PMCID: PMC10583380 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01137-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) represents a revolutionary advance in cancer treatment but remains limited success in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here we aim to explore the mechanism of RNA-binding protein (RBP) HuR in cancer immune evasion by post-transcriptionally regulating PD-L1 and evaluate the potential of HuR inhibition to improve immune response. METHODS The binding between HuR and PD-L1 mRNA was determined by ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays. The HuR knockout clones were established by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The protein levels were assessed by Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunocytochemistry. The function and molecular mechanism of HuR-PD-L1 were determined by in vitro T cell activation and killing assay and in vivo efficacy assay. RESULTS We found that HuR directly bound to and stabilized PD-L1 mRNA. Knocking out HuR reduced PD-L1 levels and promoted T cell activation. We discovered that niclosamide reduced PD-L1 by inhibiting HuR cytoplasmic translocation, and diminished glycosylation of PD-L1. Niclosamide enhanced T cell-mediated killing of cancer cells and significantly improved the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in two syngeneic animal tumor models. CONCLUSION We identified HuR as a novel posttranscriptional regulator of PD-L1, which plays an important role in tumor immune evasion. Niclosamide might be a promising repurposed drug to improve the patient response to immunotherapy by targeting HuR-PD-L1 axis. Our study demonstrates a novel strategy for targeting HuR/PD-L1 and provides the first proof-of-principle for repurposing niclosamide as a HuR inhibitor to overcome cancer immune evasion and improve response to ICB immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, KS, 66045-7534, USA
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, KS, 66045-7534, USA
| | - Xinbao Hao
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, KS, 66045-7534, USA
| | - Lauren J Dandreo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, KS, 66045-7534, USA
| | - Lily He
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, KS, 66045-7534, USA.
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, KS, 66045-7534, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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19
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Wei L, Zhang Q, Zhong C, He L, Zhang Y, Armaly AM, Aubé J, Welch DR, Xu L, Wu X. Functional inhibition of the RNA-binding protein HuR sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer to chemotherapy. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:1962-1980. [PMID: 37357618 PMCID: PMC10552894 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); however, chemoresistance compromises its efficacy. The RNA-binding protein Hu antigen R (HuR) could be a potential therapeutic target to enhance the chemotherapy efficacy. HuR is known to mainly stabilize its target mRNAs, and/or promote the translation of encoded proteins, which are implicated in multiple cancer hallmarks, including chemoresistance. In this study, a docetaxel-resistant cell subline (231-TR) was established from the human TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231. Both the parental and resistant cell lines exhibited similar sensitivity to the small molecule functional inhibitor of HuR, KH-3. Docetaxel and KH-3 combination therapy synergistically inhibited cell proliferation in TNBC cells and tumor growth in three animal models. KH-3 downregulated the expression levels of HuR targets (e.g., β-Catenin and BCL2) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, KH-3 restored docetaxel's effects on activating Caspase-3 and cleaving PARP in 231-TR cells, induced apoptotic cell death, and caused S-phase cell cycle arrest. Together, our findings suggest that HuR is a critical mediator of docetaxel resistance and provide a rationale for combining HuR inhibitors and chemotherapeutic agents to enhance chemotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjing Wei
- Bioengineering ProgramThe University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesThe University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA
| | - Cuncong Zhong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceThe University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA
| | - Lily He
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & TherapeuticsThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & TherapeuticsThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Ahlam M. Armaly
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of PharmacyThe University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of PharmacyThe University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Danny R. Welch
- Department of Cancer BiologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
- The University of Kansas Cancer CenterThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular BiosciencesThe University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA
- The University of Kansas Cancer CenterThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- The University of Kansas Cancer CenterThe University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
- Higuchi Biosciences CenterThe University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA
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20
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Joseph BP, Weber V, Knüpfer L, Giorgetti A, Alfonso-Prieto M, Krauß S, Carloni P, Rossetti G. Low Molecular Weight Inhibitors Targeting the RNA-Binding Protein HuR. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13127. [PMID: 37685931 PMCID: PMC10488267 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR) regulates stability, translation, and nucleus-to-cytoplasm shuttling of its target mRNAs. This protein has been progressively recognized as a relevant therapeutic target for several pathologies, like cancer, neurodegeneration, as well as inflammation. Inhibitors of mRNA binding to HuR might thus be beneficial against a variety of diseases. Here, we present the rational identification of structurally novel HuR inhibitors. In particular, by combining chemoinformatic approaches, high-throughput virtual screening, and RNA-protein pulldown assays, we demonstrate that the 4-(2-(2,4,6-trioxotetrahydropyrimidin-5(2H)-ylidene)hydrazineyl)benzoate ligand exhibits a dose-dependent HuR inhibition effect in binding experiments. Importantly, the chemical scaffold is new with respect to the currently known HuR inhibitors, opening up a new avenue for the design of pharmaceutical agents targeting this important protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Philipp Joseph
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (INM-9/IAS-5), Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (B.P.J.); (V.W.); (A.G.); (M.A.-P.); (G.R.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Natural Sciences, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Verena Weber
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (INM-9/IAS-5), Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (B.P.J.); (V.W.); (A.G.); (M.A.-P.); (G.R.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Natural Sciences, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lisa Knüpfer
- Institute of Biology, University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany;
| | - Alejandro Giorgetti
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (INM-9/IAS-5), Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (B.P.J.); (V.W.); (A.G.); (M.A.-P.); (G.R.)
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mercedes Alfonso-Prieto
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (INM-9/IAS-5), Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (B.P.J.); (V.W.); (A.G.); (M.A.-P.); (G.R.)
| | - Sybille Krauß
- Institute of Biology, University of Siegen, 57076 Siegen, Germany;
| | - Paolo Carloni
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (INM-9/IAS-5), Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (B.P.J.); (V.W.); (A.G.); (M.A.-P.); (G.R.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Computer Science and Natural Sciences, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Giulia Rossetti
- Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine and Institute for Advanced Simulations (INM-9/IAS-5), Computational Biomedicine, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; (B.P.J.); (V.W.); (A.G.); (M.A.-P.); (G.R.)
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, 44517 Aachen, Germany
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21
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Shi B, An K, Wang Y, Fei Y, Guo C, Cliff Zhang Q, Yang YG, Tian X, Kan Q. RNA Structural Dynamics Modulate EGFR-TKI Resistance Through Controlling YRDC Translation in NSCLC Cells. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 21:850-865. [PMID: 36435452 PMCID: PMC10787121 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) positively affect the initial control of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Rapidly acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is a major hurdle in successful treatment. However, the mechanisms that control the resistance of EGFR-TKIs remain largely unknown. RNA structures have widespread and crucial functions in many biological regulations; however, the functions of RNA structures in regulating cancer drug resistance remain unclear. Here, the psoralen analysis of RNA interactions and structures (PARIS) method is used to establish the higher-order RNA structure maps of EGFR-TKIs-resistant and -sensitive cells of NSCLC. Our results show that RNA structural regions are enriched in untranslated regions (UTRs) and correlate with translation efficiency (TE). Moreover, yrdC N6-threonylcarbamoyltransferase domain containing (YRDC) promotes resistance to EGFR-TKIs. RNA structure formation in YRDC 3' UTR suppresses embryonic lethal abnormal vision-like 1 (ELAVL1) binding, leading to EGFR-TKI sensitivity by impairing YRDC translation. A potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment is provided using antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) to perturb the interaction between RNA and protein. Our study reveals an unprecedented mechanism through which the RNA structure switch modulates EGFR-TKI resistance by controlling YRDC mRNA translation in an ELAVL1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ke An
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yueqin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yuhan Fei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qiangfeng Cliff Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yun-Gui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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22
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Huang Z, Liu S, Tang A, Wu X, Aube J, Xu L, Huang Y. Targeting RNA-binding protein HuR to inhibit the progression of renal tubular fibrosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:428. [PMID: 37391777 PMCID: PMC10311833 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04298-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of an RNA-binding protein HuR has been implicated in glomerular diseases. Herein, we evaluated whether it is involved in renal tubular fibrosis. METHODS HuR was firstly examined in human kidney biopsy tissue with tubular disease. Second, its expression and the effect of HuR inhibition with KH3 on tubular injury were further assessed in a mouse model induced by a unilateral renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR). KH3 (50 mg kg-1) was given daily via intraperitoneal injection from day 3 to 14 after IR. Last, one of HuR-targeted pathways was examined in cultured proximal tubular cells. RESULTS HuR significantly increases at the site of tubular injury both in progressive CKD in patients and in IR-injured kidneys in mice, accompanied by upregulation of HuR targets that are involved in inflammation, profibrotic cytokines, oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis, tubular EMT process, matrix remodeling and fibrosis in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. KH3 treatment reduces the IR-induced tubular injury and fibrosis, accompanied by the remarkable amelioration in those involved pathways. A panel of mRNA array further revealed that 519 molecules in mouse kidney following IR injury changed their expression and 71.3% of them that are involved in 50 profibrotic pathways, were ameliorated when treated with KH3. In vitro, TGFβ1 induced tubular HuR cytoplasmic translocation and subsequent tubular EMT, which were abrogated by KH3 administration in cultured HK-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that excessive upregulation of HuR contributes to renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by dysregulating genes involved in multiple profibrotic pathways and activating the TGFß1/HuR feedback circuit in tubular cells. Inhibition of HuR may have therapeutic potential for renal tubular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Huang
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Simeng Liu
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Anna Tang
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Jeffrey Aube
- Department of Chemical Biology and Medical Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah Health Science, Wintrobe Rm 403, 26 N Medical Dr., Salt Lake City, UT, 84132, USA.
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23
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Eraso P, Mazón MJ, Jiménez V, Pizarro-García P, Cuevas EP, Majuelos-Melguizo J, Morillo-Bernal J, Cano A, Portillo F. New Functions of Intracellular LOXL2: Modulation of RNA-Binding Proteins. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114433. [PMID: 37298909 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) was initially described as an extracellular enzyme involved in extracellular matrix remodeling. Nevertheless, numerous recent reports have implicated intracellular LOXL2 in a wide variety of processes that impact on gene transcription, development, differentiation, proliferation, migration, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis, suggesting multiple different functions for this protein. In addition, increasing knowledge about LOXL2 points to a role in several types of human cancer. Moreover, LOXL2 is able to induce the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process-the first step in the metastatic cascade. To uncover the underlying mechanisms of the great variety of functions of intracellular LOXL2, we carried out an analysis of LOXL2's nuclear interactome. This study reveals the interaction of LOXL2 with numerous RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) involved in several aspects of RNA metabolism. Gene expression profile analysis of cells silenced for LOXL2, combined with in silico identification of RBPs' targets, points to six RBPs as candidates to be substrates of LOXL2's action, and that deserve a more mechanistic analysis in the future. The results presented here allow us to hypothesize novel LOXL2 functions that might help to comprehend its multifaceted role in the tumorigenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Eraso
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Mazón
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Jiménez
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Pizarro-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva P Cuevas
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jara Majuelos-Melguizo
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Morillo-Bernal
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amparo Cano
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Portillo
- Departamento de Bioquímica UAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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24
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Bertoldo JB, Müller S, Hüttelmaier S. RNA-binding proteins in cancer drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103580. [PMID: 37031812 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are crucial players in tumorigenesis and, hence, promising targets in cancer drug discovery. However, they are largely regarded as 'undruggable', because of the often noncatalytic and complex interactions between protein and RNA, which limit the discovery of specific inhibitors. Nonetheless, over the past 10 years, drug discovery efforts have uncovered RBP inhibitors with clinical relevance, highlighting the disruption of RNA-protein networks as a promising avenue for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the role of structurally distinct RBPs in cancer, and the mechanisms of RBP-directed small-molecule inhibitors (SMOIs) focusing on drug-protein interactions, binding surfaces, potency, and translational potential. Additionally, we underline the limitations of RBP-targeting drug discovery assays and comment on future trends in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean B Bertoldo
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Müller
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany; New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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25
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Dabbaghi KG, Mashatan N, Faraz O, Bashkandi AH, Shomoossi N, Tabnak P. A review on the roles and molecular mechanisms of MAFG-AS1 in oncogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154348. [PMID: 36736142 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have more than 200 nucleotides and do not encode proteins. At the same time, they can regulate various biological functions and therefore play an essential role as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in human cancers. MAFG-AS1 is an antisense RNA of MAF BZIP Transcription Factor G (MAFG) located at chromosome 17q25.3 head-to-head with the MAFG encoding gene containing a transcript size of 1895 bp. Accumulating evidence shows that MAFG-AS1 is overexpressed in many cancers, functions as an oncogene, and is significantly associated with poor clinical characteristics and prognosis. In this review, we first discuss the recent literature regarding the role of MAFG-AS1 in different cancers as well as its diagnostic and prognostic values. Then we will provide insights into its biological functions, such as its role in cancer progression, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity, regulation of EMT, glycolysis, energy metabolism, transcription factors, proteasomal degradation, and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noushin Mashatan
- Graduated, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Omid Faraz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Mersin 10, Nicosia, Turkey
| | | | | | - Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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26
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Ghram M, Morris G, Culjkovic-Kraljacic B, Mars JC, Gendron P, Skrabanek L, Revuelta MV, Cerchietti L, Guzman ML, Borden KLB. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E reprograms alternative splicing. EMBO J 2023; 42:e110496. [PMID: 36843541 PMCID: PMC10068332 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant splicing is typically attributed to splice-factor (SF) mutation and contributes to malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we discovered a mutation-independent means to extensively reprogram alternative splicing (AS). We showed that the dysregulated expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E elevated selective splice-factor production, thereby impacting multiple spliceosome complexes, including factors mutated in AML such as SF3B1 and U2AF1. These changes generated a splicing landscape that predominantly supported altered splice-site selection for ~800 transcripts in cell lines and ~4,600 transcripts in specimens from high-eIF4E AML patients otherwise harboring no known SF mutations. Nuclear RNA immunoprecipitations, export assays, polysome analyses, and mutational studies together revealed that eIF4E primarily increased SF production via its nuclear RNA export activity. By contrast, eIF4E dysregulation did not induce known SF mutations or alter spliceosome number. eIF4E interacted with the spliceosome and some pre-mRNAs, suggesting its direct involvement in specific splicing events. eIF4E induced simultaneous effects on numerous SF proteins, resulting in a much larger range of splicing alterations than in the case of mutation or dysregulation of individual SFs and providing a novel paradigm for splicing control and dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ghram
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gavin Morris
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Biljana Culjkovic-Kraljacic
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Clement Mars
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Gendron
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucy Skrabanek
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Victoria Revuelta
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leandro Cerchietti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine L B Borden
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (IRIC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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27
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Gao Y, Cao H, Huang D, Zheng L, Nie Z, Zhang S. RNA-Binding Proteins in Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041150. [PMID: 36831493 PMCID: PMC9953953 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators of transcription and translation, with highly dynamic spatio-temporal regulation. They are usually involved in the regulation of RNA splicing, polyadenylation, and mRNA stability and mediate processes such as mRNA localization and translation, thereby affecting the RNA life cycle and causing the production of abnormal protein phenotypes that lead to tumorigenesis and development. Accumulating evidence supports that RBPs play critical roles in vital life processes, such as bladder cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Uncovering the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs in bladder cancer is aimed at addressing the occurrence and progression of bladder cancer and finding new therapies for cancer treatment. This article reviews the effects and mechanisms of several RBPs on bladder cancer and summarizes the different types of RBPs involved in the progression of bladder cancer and the potential molecular mechanisms by which they are regulated, with a view to providing information for basic and clinical researchers.
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28
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Wu X, Ramesh R, Wang J, Zheng Y, Armaly AM, Wei L, Xing M, Roy S, Lan L, Gao FP, Miao Y, Xu L, Aubé J. Small Molecules Targeting the RNA-Binding Protein HuR Inhibit Tumor Growth in Xenografts. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2032-2053. [PMID: 36690437 PMCID: PMC10101218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein Hu antigen R (HuR) is a post-transcriptional regulator critical in several types of diseases, including cancer, making it a promising therapeutic target. We have identified small-molecule inhibitors of HuR through a screening approach used in combination with fragment analysis. A total of 36 new compounds originating from fragment linking or structural optimization were studied to establish structure-activity relationships in the set. Two top inhibitors, 1c and 7c, were further validated by binding assays and cellular functional assays. Both block HuR function by directly binding to the RNA-binding pocket, inhibit cancer cell growth dependence of HuR, and suppress cancer cell invasion. Intraperitoneal administration of inhibitor 1c inhibits tumor growth as a single agent and shows a synergistic effect in combination with chemotherapy docetaxel in breast cancer xenograft models. Mechanistically, 1c interferes with the HuR-TGFB/THBS1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Remya Ramesh
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | | | - Youguang Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Ahlam M Armaly
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | | | | | - Sudeshna Roy
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | | | | | | | - Liang Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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29
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Novel roles of RNA-binding proteins in drug resistance of breast cancer: from molecular biology to targeting therapeutics. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:52. [PMID: 36759501 PMCID: PMC9911762 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance remains a huge challenge for current breast cancer treatments. Exploring molecular mechanisms of therapy resistance might provide therapeutic targets for patients with advanced breast cancer and improve their prognosis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an important role in regulating therapy resistance. Here we summarize the functions of RBPs, highlight their tremendously important roles in regulating therapy sensitivity and resistance and we also reveal current therapeutic approaches reversing abnormal functions of RBPs in breast cancer.
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30
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Badaoui M, Sobolewski C, Luscher A, Bacchetta M, Köhler T, van Delden C, Foti M, Chanson M. Targeting HuR-Vav3 mRNA interaction prevents Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion to the cystic fibrosis airway epithelium. JCI Insight 2023; 8:161961. [PMID: 36602863 PMCID: PMC9977432 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.161961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by chronic bacterial infections leading to progressive bronchiectasis and respiratory failure. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is the predominant opportunistic pathogen infecting the CF airways. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav3 plays a critical role in Pa adhesion to the CF airways by inducing luminal fibronectin deposition that favors bacteria trapping. Here we report that Vav3 overexpression in CF is caused by upregulation of the mRNA-stabilizing protein HuR. We found that HuR accumulates in the cytoplasm of CF airway epithelial cells and that it binds to and stabilizes Vav3 mRNA. Interestingly, disruption of the HuR-Vav3 mRNA interaction improved the CF epithelial integrity, inhibited the formation of the fibronectin-made bacterial docking platforms, and prevented Pa adhesion to the CF airway epithelium. These findings indicate that targeting HuR represents a promising antiadhesive approach in CF that can prevent initial stages of Pa infection in a context of emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandre Luscher
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Thilo Köhler
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian van Delden
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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31
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Xu S, Liu D, Kuang Y, Li R, Wang J, Shi M, Zou Y, Qiu Q, Liang L, Xiao Y, Xu H. Long Noncoding RNA HAFML Promotes Migration and Invasion of Rheumatoid Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:135-147. [PMID: 36458981 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aggressive phenotype exhibited by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) is critical for the progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of diverse disorders; however, few have been identified that might be able to control the joint damage in RA. In this study, we identified an lncRNA, ENST00000509194, which was expressed at abnormally high levels in FLSs and synovial tissues from patients with RA. ENST00000509194 positively modulates the migration and invasion of FLSs by interacting with human Ag R (HuR, also called ELAVL1), an RNA-binding protein that mainly stabilizes mRNAs. ENST00000509194 binds directly to HuR in the cytoplasm to form a complex that promotes the expression of the endocytic adaptor protein APPL2 by stabilizing APPL2 mRNA. Knockdown of HuR or APPL2 impaired the migration and invasion of RA FLSs. Given its close association with HuR and FLS migration, we named ENST00000509194 as HAFML (HuR-associated fibroblast migratory lncRNA). Our findings suggest that an increase in synovial HAFML might contribute to FLS-mediated rheumatoid synovial aggression and joint destruction, and that the lncRNA HAFML might be a potential therapeutic target for dysregulated fibroblasts in a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Kuang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiru Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingnan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Maohua Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, China; and
| | - Yaoyao Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Qiu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liuqin Liang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Youjun Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanshi Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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32
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Roles of RNA-binding proteins in immune diseases and cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:310-324. [PMID: 35351611 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Genetic information that is transcribed from DNA to mRNA, and then translated from mRNA to protein, is regulated by complex and sophisticated post-transcriptional mechanisms. Recently, it has become clear that mRNA degradation not only acts to remove unnecessary mRNA, but is also closely associated with the regulation of translation initiation, and is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Various RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been reported to play central roles in the mechanisms of mRNA stability and translation initiation through various signal transduction pathways, and to modulate gene expression faster than the transcription process via post-transcriptional modifications in response to intracellular and extracellular stimuli, without de novo protein synthesis. On the other hand, inflammation is necessary for the elimination of pathogens associated with infection, and is tightly controlled to avoid the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). It is increasingly becoming clear that RBPs play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of these immune responses. Furthermore, it has been shown that the aberrant regulation of RBPs leads to chronic inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Although it has been recognized since the time of Rudolf Virchow in the 19th century that cancer-associated inflammation contributes to tumor onset and progression, involvement of the disruption of the balance between anti-tumor immunity via the immune surveillance system and pro-tumor immunity by cancer-associated inflammation in the malignant transformation of cancer remains elusive. Recently, the dysregulated expression and activation of representative RBPs involved in regulation of the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been shown to be involved in tumor progression. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in our understanding of the functional roles of these RBPs in several types of immune responses, and the involvement of RBP dysregulation in the pathogenesis of immune diseases and cancer, and discuss possible therapeutic strategies against cancer by targeting RBPs, coupled with immunotherapy.
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33
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Dong J, Liu S, Li Q, Wu L, Zhang C, Duan S, Zhang B, Yuan Y, Huang Z, Xing C, Mao H. The association of RNA-binding protein Human antigen R with kidney clinicopathologic features and renal outcomes in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 193:110142. [PMID: 36343862 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIMS RNA-binding protein Human antigen R (HuR) is closely related to diabetic nephropathy (DN) pathogenesis. However, the capacity of histological HuR level as a biomarker for DN progression remains unclear. METHODS A total of 147 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had biopsy-proven DN were enrolled. Renal outcomes were defined by doubling serum creatinine level or progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A nomogram was built to predict renal outcomes based on Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 31 months, during which 71 (48.30 %) patients confronted DN progression. Pearson's correlation indicated that histological HuR increased along with DN pathological class rising (r = 0.776, p < 0.001). Notably, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that elevated HuR was associated with a greater risk of DN progression (HR 2.431, 95 %CI: 1.275-4.634, p = 0.007) beyond 6 months after renal biopsy. Patients in the higher HuR expression group had lower cumulative renal survival rates beyond the first 6 months. Simultaneously, a well-performed nomogram including HuR classification, was developed to predict the individual progression risk (C-index 0.828). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that the histologic HuR expression was an independent risk factor for kidney progression beyond 6 months after renal biopsy in DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Simeng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Chengning Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Suyan Duan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhimin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Changying Xing
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Huijuan Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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Nag S, Goswami B, Das Mandal S, Ray PS. Cooperation and competition by RNA-binding proteins in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:286-297. [PMID: 35248729 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays a major role in determining the cellular proteome in health and disease. Post-transcriptional control mechanisms are disrupted in many cancers, contributing to multiple processes of tumorigenesis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), the main post-transcriptional regulators, often show altered expression and activity in cancer cells. Dysregulation of RBPs contributes to many cancer phenotypes, functioning in complex regulatory networks with other cellular players such as non-coding RNAs, signaling mediators and transcription factors to alter the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. RBPs often function combinatorially, based on their binding to target sequences/structures on shared mRNA targets, to regulate the expression of cancer-related genes. This gives rise to cooperativity and competition between RBPs in mRNA binding and resultant functional outcomes in post-transcriptional processes such as mRNA splicing, stability, export and translation. Cooperation and competition is also observed in the case of interaction of RBPs and microRNAs with mRNA targets. RNA structural change is a common mechanism mediating the cooperative/competitive interplay between RBPs and between RBPs and microRNAs. RNA modifications, leading to changes in RNA structure, add a new dimension to cooperative/competitive binding of RBPs to mRNAs, further expanding the RBP regulatory landscape. Therefore, cooperative/competitive interplay between RBPs is a major determinant of the RBP interactome and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharanya Nag
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Binita Goswami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Sukhen Das Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Partho Sarothi Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, West Bengal, India.
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35
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The solution structure of Dead End bound to AU-rich RNA reveals an unusual mode of tandem RRM-RNA recognition required for mRNA regulation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5892. [PMID: 36202814 PMCID: PMC9537309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Dead End (DND1) is an RNA-binding protein essential for germline development through its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. The molecular mechanisms behind selection and regulation of its targets are unknown. Here, we present the solution structure of DND1's tandem RNA Recognition Motifs (RRMs) bound to AU-rich RNA. The structure reveals how an NYAYUNN element is specifically recognized, reconciling seemingly contradictory sequence motifs discovered in recent genome-wide studies. RRM1 acts as a main binding platform, including atypical extensions to the canonical RRM fold. RRM2 acts cooperatively with RRM1, capping the RNA using an unusual binding pocket, leading to an unusual mode of tandem RRM-RNA recognition. We show that the consensus motif is sufficient to mediate upregulation of a reporter gene in human cells and that this process depends not only on RNA binding by the RRMs, but also on DND1's double-stranded RNA binding domain (dsRBD), which is dispensable for binding of a subset of targets in cellulo. Our results point to a model where DND1 target selection is mediated by a non-canonical mode of AU-rich RNA recognition by the tandem RRMs and a role for the dsRBD in the recruitment of effector complexes responsible for target regulation.
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Hutchins EJ, Gandhi S, Chacon J, Piacentino M, Bronner ME. RNA-binding protein Elavl1/HuR is required for maintenance of cranial neural crest specification. eLife 2022; 11:e63600. [PMID: 36189921 PMCID: PMC9529247 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
While neural crest development is known to be transcriptionally controlled via sequential activation of gene regulatory networks (GRNs), recent evidence increasingly implicates a role for post-transcriptional regulation in modulating the output of these regulatory circuits. Using available single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets from avian embryos to identify potential post-transcriptional regulators, we found that Elavl1, which encodes for an RNA-binding protein with roles in transcript stability, was enriched in the premigratory cranial neural crest. Perturbation of Elavl1 resulted in premature neural crest delamination from the neural tube as well as significant reduction in transcripts associated with the neural crest specification GRN, phenotypes that are also observed with downregulation of the canonical Wnt inhibitor Draxin. That Draxin is the primary target for stabilization by Elavl1 during cranial neural crest specification was shown by RNA-sequencing, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA decay measurement, and proximity ligation assays, further supporting the idea that the downregulation of neural crest specifier expression upon Elavl1 knockdown was largely due to loss of Draxin. Importantly, exogenous Draxin rescued cranial neural crest specification defects observed with Elavl1 knockdown. Thus, Elavl1 plays a critical a role in the maintenance of cranial neural crest specification via Draxin mRNA stabilization. Together, these data highlight an important intersection of post-transcriptional regulation with modulation of the neural crest specification GRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica J Hutchins
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Shashank Gandhi
- The Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeleyUnited States
| | - Jose Chacon
- Department of Biology, School of Math and Science, California State University NorthridgeNorthridgeUnited States
| | - Michael Piacentino
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
| | - Marianne E Bronner
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived extracellular vesicles carrying lncRNA SNHG3 facilitate colorectal cancer cell proliferation via the miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:346. [PMID: 35922404 PMCID: PMC9349187 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01116-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate tumorigenesis. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) SNHG3 is implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. The current study sought to clarify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in CRC cell proliferation. Firstly, CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were cultured and identified, followed by isolation and characterization of CAFs-EVs and NFs-EVs. CRC cells were cultured with CAFs-EVs or CAFs-EVs overexpressing SNHG3. The effects of SNHG3 on CRC cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK-8, colony formation, and EdU staining assays. The binding relationships among SNHG3, miR-34b-5p, and HuR were validated, in addition to analyzing the binding between HuR and HOXC6. Lastly, xenograft tumor model was established to verify the role of CAFs-EVs carrying SNHG3 in vivo. SNHG3 was highly expressed in CRC cells and CAFs-EVs, whereas CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC cell proliferation. Mechanically, CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by competitively binding to miR-34b-5p, promote the binding of HuR and HOXC6, and enhance HOXC6 transcription. miR-34b-5p over-expression or HOXC6 silencing annulled the effect of CAFs-EVs. SNHG3 carried by CAFs-EVs facilitated CRC proliferation via the miR-34b-5p/HuR/HOXC6 axis in vivo. Collectively, our findings indicated that CAFs-EVs carried SNHG3 into CRC cells to upregulate HuR expression by sponging miR-34b-5p and finally enhance HOXC6 transcription, thereby facilitating CRC cell proliferation.
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Brown SZ, McCarthy GA, Carroll JR, Di Niro R, Pelz C, Jain A, Sutton TL, Holly HD, Nevler A, Schultz CW, McCoy MD, Cozzitorto JA, Jiang W, Yeo CJ, Dixon DA, Sears RC, Brody JR. The RNA-Binding Protein HuR Posttranscriptionally Regulates the Protumorigenic Activator YAP1 in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0001822. [PMID: 35703534 PMCID: PMC9302082 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00018-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is indispensable for the development of mutant KRAS-driven pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). High YAP1 mRNA is a prognostic marker for worse overall survival in patient samples; however, the regulatory mechanisms that mediate its overexpression are not well understood. YAP1 genetic alterations are rare in PDAC, suggesting that its dysregulation is likely not due to genetic events. HuR is an RNA-binding protein whose inhibition impacts many cancer-associated pathways, including the "conserved YAP1 signature" as demonstrated by gene set enrichment analysis. Screening publicly available and internal ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation (RNP-IP) RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data sets, we discovered that YAP1 is a high-confidence target, which was validated in vitro with independent RNP-IPs and 3' untranslated region (UTR) binding assays. In accordance with our RNA sequencing analysis, transient inhibition (e.g., small interfering RNA [siRNA] and small-molecular inhibition) and CRISPR knockout of HuR significantly reduced expression of YAP1 and its transcriptional targets. We used these data to develop a HuR activity signature (HAS), in which high expression predicts significantly worse overall and disease-free survival in patient samples. Importantly, the signature strongly correlates with YAP1 mRNA expression. These findings highlight a novel mechanism of YAP1 regulation, which may explain how tumor cells maintain YAP1 mRNA expression at dynamic times during pancreatic tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Z. Brown
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Grace A. McCarthy
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - James R. Carroll
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Roberto Di Niro
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Carl Pelz
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Aditi Jain
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas L. Sutton
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hannah D. Holly
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Avinoam Nevler
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher W. Schultz
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew D. McCoy
- Department of Oncology, Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joseph A. Cozzitorto
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charles J. Yeo
- Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dan A. Dixon
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas Cancer Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Rosalie C. Sears
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Brody
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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Lv Y, Lv Y, Wang Z, Yuan K, Zeng Y. Noncoding RNAs as sensors of tumor microenvironmental stress. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:224. [PMID: 35842651 PMCID: PMC9288030 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been demonstrated to modulate the biological behavior of tumors intensively. Multiple stress conditions are widely observed in the TME of many cancer types, such as hypoxia, inflammation, and nutrient deprivation. Recently, accumulating evidence demonstrates that the expression levels of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are dramatically altered by TME stress, and the dysregulated ncRNAs can in turn regulate tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we elaborate on the signal transduction pathways or epigenetic pathways by which hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), inflammatory factors, and nutrient deprivation in TME regulate ncRNAs, and highlight the pivotal roles of TME stress-related ncRNAs in tumors. This helps to clarify the molecular regulatory networks between TME and ncRNAs, which may provide potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lv
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinghao Lv
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kefei Yuan
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China. .,Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China. .,Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Kang H, Huang D, Li H, Deng X, Liu S, Gou W, Liu L, Qiu Y, Yang X. lncNALT knockdown ameliorates hypertensive retinopathy via PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:15003-15012. [PMID: 37105761 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2180591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the role of the long non-coding RNA NOTCH1-associated lncRNA in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (lncNALT) in the pathogenesis of hypertensive retinopathy (HR). LncNALT expression levels were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The effects of lncNALT knockdown on the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RMECs) were determined via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, and Transwell assays. Protein expression levels were determined using western blotting. We found that lncNALT expression levels were increased in RMECs treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), while the knockdown of lncNALT rescued the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of RMECs treated with H2O2. Moreover, lncNALT interacted with ELAV like RNA binding protein 1 to affect the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression. Knockdown of lncNALT enhanced the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of RMECs via the PTEN/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine-threonine kinase (AKT) pathway. Taken together, knockdown of lncNALT enhanced the viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of RMECs via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway, suggesting that lncNALT could be a potential therapeutic target for patients with HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuejun Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Gou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Linglin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuyan Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, Sichuan, China
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Kim YS, Tang PW, Welles JE, Pan W, Javed Z, Elhaw AT, Mythreye K, Kimball SR, Hempel N. HuR-dependent SOD2 protein synthesis is an early adaptation to anchorage-independence. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102329. [PMID: 35594792 PMCID: PMC9121325 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During metastasis cancer cells must adapt to survive loss of anchorage and evade anoikis. An important pro-survival adaptation is the ability of metastatic tumor cells to increase their antioxidant capacity and restore cellular redox balance. Although much is known about the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant enzymes in response to stress, how cells acutely adapt to alter antioxidant enzyme levels is less well understood. Using ovarian cancer cells as a model, we demonstrate that an increase in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase SOD2 protein expression is a very early event initiated in response to detachment, an important step during metastasis that has been associated with increased oxidative stress. SOD2 protein synthesis is rapidly induced within 0.5-2 h of matrix detachment, and polyribosome profiling demonstrates an increase in the number of ribosomes bound to SOD2 mRNA, indicating an increase in SOD2 mRNA translation in response to anchorage-independence. Mechanistically, we find that anchorage-independence induces cytosolic accumulation of the RNA binding protein HuR/ELAVL1 and promotes HuR binding to SOD2 mRNA. Using HuR siRNA-mediated knockdown, we show that the presence of HuR is necessary for the increase in SOD2 mRNA association with the heavy polyribosome fraction and consequent nascent SOD2 protein synthesis in anchorage-independence. Cellular detachment also activates the stress-response mitogen-activated kinase p38, which is necessary for HuR-SOD2 mRNA interactions and induction of SOD2 protein output. These findings illustrate a novel translational regulatory mechanism of SOD2 by which ovarian cancer cells rapidly increase their mitochondrial antioxidant capacity as an acute stress response to anchorage-independence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Priscilla W Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jaclyn E Welles
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Weihua Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zaineb Javed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amal Taher Elhaw
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Department of Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Scot R Kimball
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Huang Y, Xia L, Tan X, Zhang J, Zeng W, Tan B, Yu X, Fang W, Yang Z. Molecular mechanism of lncRNA SNHG12 in immune escape of non-small cell lung cancer through the HuR/PD-L1/USP8 axis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:43. [PMID: 35658874 PMCID: PMC9164758 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00343-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pivotal role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer immune responses has been well established. This study was conducted with the aim of exploring the molecular mechanism of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12) in immune escape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Expression of lncRNA SNHG12, programmed cell death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1), ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8), and human antigen R (HuR) in NSCLC tissues and cells was measured, and their binding relationship was determined. NSCLC cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were co-cultured with NSCLC cells. The ratio of CD8+ T cells, PBMC proliferation, and inflammatory factors were determined. lncRNA SNHG12 localization was assessed via subcellular fractionation assay. The half-life period of mRNA was determined using actinomycin D. Xenograft tumor models were established to confirm the role of lncRNA SNHG12 in vivo. Results LncRNA SNHG12 was found to be prominently expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells, which was associated with a poor prognosis. Silencing lncRNA SNHG12 resulted in the reduction in proliferation and the promotion of apoptosis of NSCLC cells, while simultaneously increasing PBMC proliferation and the ratio of CD8+ T cells. Mechanically, the binding of lncRNA SNHG12 to HuR improved mRNA stability and expression of PD-L1 and USP8, and USP8-mediated deubiquitination stabilized the protein level of PD-L1. Overexpression of USP8 or PD-L1 weakened the inhibition of silencing lncRNA SNHG12 on the immune escape of NSCLC. Silencing lncRNA SNHG12 restricted tumor growth and upregulated the ratio of CD8+ T cells by decreasing USP8 and PD-L1. Conclusion LncRNA SNHG12 facilitated the immune escape of NSCLC by binding to HuR and increasing PD-L1 and USP8 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Huang
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xiangwu Tan
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Weiwei Zeng
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Benxu Tan
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xian Yu
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Chongqing University, Three Gorges Hospital, No. 165 Xincheng Road, Wanzhou District, Chongqing, 404100, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Yang
- Department of Cancer Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Tianwen Avenue No. 288, Nan'an District, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Hu Antigen R (HuR) Protein Structure, Function and Regulation in Hepatobiliary Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112666. [PMID: 35681645 PMCID: PMC9179498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatobiliary tumors are a group of primary malignancies encompassing the liver, the intra- and extra-hepatic biliary tracts, and the gall bladder. Within the liver, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary cancer, which is, also, representing the third-most recurrent cause of cancer-associated death and the sixth-most prevalent type of tumor worldwide, nowadays. Although less frequent, cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is, currently, a fatal cancer with limited therapeutic options. Here, we review the regulatory role of Hu antigen R (HuR), a ubiquitous member of the ELAV/Hu family of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), in the pathogenesis, progression, and treatment of HCC and CCA. Overall, HuR is proposed as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic marker, as well as a therapeutic target in hepatobiliary cancers. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches that can selectively modulate HuR function appear to be highly attractive for the clinical management of these types of tumors. Abstract Hu antigen R (HuR) is a 36-kDa ubiquitous member of the ELAV/Hu family of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which plays an important role as a post-transcriptional regulator of specific RNAs under physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer. Herein, we review HuR protein structure, function, and its regulation, as well as its implications in the pathogenesis, progression, and treatment of hepatobiliary cancers. In particular, we focus on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), tumors where the increased cytoplasmic localization of HuR and activity are proposed, as valuable diagnostic and prognostic markers. An overview of the main regulatory axes involving HuR, which are associated with cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy in HCC, is provided. These include the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modulators of HuR function, in addition to HuR target transcripts. Finally, whereas studies addressing the relevance of targeting HuR in CCA are limited, in the past few years, HuR has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in HCC. In fact, the therapeutic efficacy of some pharmacological inhibitors of HuR has been evaluated, in early experimental models of HCC. We, further, discuss the major findings and future perspectives of therapeutic approaches that specifically block HuR interactions, either with post-translational modifiers or cognate transcripts in hepatobiliary cancers.
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Agarwal A, Alagar S, Kant S, Bahadur RP. Molecular insights into binding dynamics of tandem RNA recognition motifs (tRRMs) of human antigen R (HuR) with mRNA and the effect of point mutations in impaired HuR-mRNA recognition. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35538713 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2073270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Human antigen R (HuR) is a key regulatory protein with prominent roles in RNA metabolism and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Many studies have shown the involvement of HuR in plethora of human diseases, which are often manifestations of impaired HuR-RNA interactions. However, the inherent complexities of highly flexible protein-RNA interactions have limited our understanding of the structural basis of HuR-RNA recognition. In this study, we dissect the underlying molecular mechanism of interaction between N-terminal tandem RNA-recognition motifs (tRRMs) of HuR and mRNA using molecular dynamics simulation. We have also explored the effect of point mutations (T90A, R97A and R136A) of three reported critical residues in HuR-mRNA binding specificity. Our findings show that N-terminal tRRMs exhibit conformational stability upon RNA binding. We further show that R136A and R97A mutants significantly lose their binding affinity owing to the loss of critical interactions with mRNA. This may be attributed to the larger domain rearrangements in the mutant complexes, especially the β2β3 loops in both the tRRMs, leading to unfavourable conformations and loss of binding affinity. We have identified critical binding residues in tRRMs of HuR, contributing favourable binding energy in mRNA recognition. This study contributes significantly to understand the molecular mechanism of RNA recognition by tandem RRMs and provides a platform to modulate binding affinities through mutations. This may further guide in future structure-based drug-therapies targeting impaired HuR-RNA interactions.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Agarwal
- School of Bio Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.,Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Suresh Alagar
- Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Shri Kant
- Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Ranjit Prasad Bahadur
- Computational Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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Molecular mechanism of miR-34b-5p and RNA binding protein HuR binding to lncRNA OIP5-AS1 in colon cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:612-624. [PMID: 34021273 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Colon cancer (CC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Long non-coding RNA OIP5-AS1 (lncRNA OIP5-AS1) expression pattern has been studied in many cancers. We aimed to identify the mechanism of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 in CC development. OIP5-AS1 expression pattern in CC tissues and cells was detected and the relation between OIP5-AS1 level and CC prognosis was analyzed. The proliferation, migration and invasion of CC cells were detected after silencing or overexpression of OIP5-AS1. Tumor xenograft in nude mice was established to verify the effect of OIP5-AS1 in vivo. The interaction between HuR protein and OIP5-AS1 and the interaction of miR-34b-5p with HuR and OIP5-AS1 were measured. OIP5-AS1 was highly expressed in CC and associated with poor prognosis. Silencing OIP5-AS1 inhibited CC cell malignant behaviors and inhibited the growth rate and tumor weight. In the mechanism, HuR bound to OIP5-AS1 and stabilized OIP5-AS1 expression. Both miR-34-5p and HuR bind to OIP5 and oppositely affect its expression. miR-34b-5p inhibited the proliferation and invasion of CC cells by inhibiting OIP5-AS1 and PI3K/Akt pathway. miR-34b-5p inhibited CC growth by inhibiting OIP5-AS1. Collectively, miR-34b-5p targets HuR and miR-34b-5p binds to OIP5-AS1 with HuR, thus inhibiting OIP5-AS1 and PI3K/Akt pathway and CC progression.
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Daks A, Fedorova O, Parfenyev S, Nevzorov I, Shuvalov O, Barlev NA. The Role of E3 Ligase Pirh2 in Disease. Cells 2022; 11:1515. [PMID: 35563824 PMCID: PMC9101203 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53-dependent ubiquitin ligase Pirh2 regulates a number of proteins involved in different cancer-associated processes. Targeting the p53 family proteins, Chk2, p27Kip1, Twist1 and others, Pirh2 participates in such cellular processes as proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and cellular migration. Thus, it is not surprising that Pirh2 takes part in the initiation and progression of different diseases and pathologies including but not limited to cancer. In this review, we aimed to summarize the available data on Pirh2 regulation, its protein targets and its role in various diseases and pathological processes, thus making the Pirh2 protein a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.F.); (S.P.); (I.N.); (O.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nickolai A. Barlev
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia; (O.F.); (S.P.); (I.N.); (O.S.)
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AGO-RBP crosstalk on target mRNAs: Implications in miRNA-guided gene silencing and cancer. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101434. [PMID: 35477066 PMCID: PMC9136600 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are important regulators of mRNA translation and stability in eukaryotes. While miRNAs can only bind their target mRNAs in association with Argonaute proteins (AGOs), RBPs directly bind their targets either as single entities or in complex with other RBPs to control mRNA metabolism. miRNA binding in 3' untranslated regions (3' UTRs) of mRNAs facilitates an intricate network of interactions between miRNA-AGO and RBPs, thus determining the fate of overlapping targets. Here, we review the current knowledge on the interplay between miRNA-AGO and multiple RBPs in different cellular contexts, the rules underlying their synergism and antagonism on target mRNAs, as well as highlight the implications of these regulatory modules in cancer initiation and progression.
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Guo S, Huang Z, Zhu J, Yue T, Wang X, Pan Y, Bu D, Liu Y, Wang P, Chen S. CBS-H 2S axis preserves the intestinal barrier function by inhibiting COX-2 through sulfhydrating human antigen R in colitis. J Adv Res 2022; 44:201-212. [PMID: 36725190 PMCID: PMC9936422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes lesions of the epithelial barrier, which allows translocation of pathogens from the intestinal lumen to the host's circulation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) regulates multiple physiological and pathological processes in colonic epithelial tissue, and CBS-H2S axis involved in multiple gastrointestinal disorder. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of the CBS-H2S axis on the intestinal and systemic inflammation in colitis remains to be illustrated. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of CBS-H2S axis on the intestinal and systematic inflammation related injuries in LPS induced colitis and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Wild type and CBS-/+ mice were used to evaluate the effect of endogenous and exogenous H2S on LPS-induced colitis in vivo. Cytokine quantitative antibody array, western blot and real-time PCR were applied to detect the key cytokines in the mechanism of action. Biotin switch of S-sulfhydration, CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout, immunofluorescence and ActD chase assay were used in the in vitro experiment to further clarify the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS H2S significantly alleviated the symptoms of LPS-induced colitis in vivo and attenuated the increase of COX-2 expression. The sulfhydrated HuR increased when CBS express normally or GYY4137 was administered. While after knocking kown CBS, the expression of COX-2 in mice colon increased significantly, and the sulfhydration level of HuR decreased. The results in vitro illustrated that HuR can increase the stability of COX-2 mRNA, and the decrease of COX-2 were due to increased sulfhydration of HuR rather than the reduction of total HuR levels. CONCLUSION These results indicated that CBS-H2S axis played an important role in protecting intestinal barrier function in colitis. CBS-H2S axis increases the sulfhydration level of HuR, by which reduces the binding of HuR with COX-2 mRNA and inhibited the expression of COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Guo
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China,Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Huang
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Taohua Yue
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yisheng Pan
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dingfang Bu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucun Liu
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengyuan Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shanwen Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, 8, Beijing 100034, People's Republic of China.
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Hu P, Ni C, Teng P. Effects of artesunate on the malignant biological behaviors of non-small cell lung cancer in human and its mechanism. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6590-6599. [PMID: 35361045 PMCID: PMC9278965 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2042141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effects of artesunate (ART) on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of the non-small cell lung cancer cells A549 and H1299. The effects of ART and carboplatin (CBP) alone or in combination on the viability of A549 and H1299 cells were evaluated by MTT assay. The effects of 30 μg/ml ART on cell invasion, migration and apoptosis were evaluated by Transwell assay, scratch assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The protein expressions of human antigen R (HuR) and MMP-9 after treatment with 30 μg/ml ART for 48 h were detected by Western blotting. After 48 h of treatment, 9 μg/ml ART in combination with 7 μg/ml CBP exerted a mild synergistic effect on cell viability. The migration rates of cells treated with 30 μg/ml ART and number of invasive cells were significantly lower, and the apoptosis rates were higher than those of the DMSO-treated group. HuR and MMP-9 expressions in cells treated with 30 μg/ml ART for 48 h were significantly lower than those of the DMSO-treated group. ART suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of A549 and H1299 cells and induces their apoptosis, probably being associated with decreased expressions of HuR and MMP-9 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Cardiac and Great Vessel Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chengyao Ni
- Department of Cardiac and Great Vessel Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Pen Teng
- Department of Cardiac and Great Vessel Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Ni T, Guo D, Tan L, Xiao Z, Shi Y. NPSR1-AS1 activates the MAPK pathway to facilitate thyroid cancer cell malignant behaviors via recruiting ELAVL1 to stabilize NPSR1 mRNA. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:439-449. [PMID: 35030041 PMCID: PMC8942512 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1979773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is a prevailing malignant disease in endocrine system. Recent reports have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial participators in TC progression. In our study, we majorly investigated the molecular mechanism of neuropeptide S receptor 1 antisense RNA 1 (NPSR1-AS1) in TC. Western blot and qPCR analyses were applied for the measurement of protein and RNA expressions in TC cells. Colony formation, EdU, and transwell assays, supported by western blot analyses, were implemented for probing NPSR1-AS1 impacts on TC cell malignant phenotype. Moreover, bioinformatics prediction, RIP and Actinomycin D assays detected the downstream mechanism of NPSR1-AS1 in TC cells. In short, NPSR1-AS1 displayed high expression TC cells, and NPSR1-AS1 silence inhibited TC cell malignant behaviors. Additionally, NPSR1-AS1 positively regulated its nearby gene neuropeptide S receptor 1 (NPSR1). ELAV like RNA binding protein 1 (ELAVL1) served as the RNA-binding protein (RBP) to combine with NPSR1-AS1 and NPSR1. Silencing of ELAVL1 reduced the stability of NPSR1 mRNA. Moreover, NPSR1 could activate the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway in TC cells. Collectively, our study elucidated the aspect of lncRNA-RBP-mRNA interaction which might be a novel sight for TC treatment.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiangen Ni
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Tan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhesi Xiao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanjie Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chongqing Renji Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chongqing Fifth People’s Hospital), Chongqing, China,CONTACT Yanjie Shi
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