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Park SS, Lee DM, Lim JH, Lee D, Park SJ, Kim HM, Sohn S, Yoon G, Eom YW, Jeong SY, Choi EK, Choi KS. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate reverses Bcl-xL-mediated apoptotic resistance to doxorubicin by inducing paraptosis. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:458-470. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Soon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou Graduate School, Suwon, Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou Graduate School, Suwon, Korea
- Genomic Instability Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lim
- Genomic Instability Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dongjoo Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang Jun Park
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hwan Myung Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Gyesoon Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou Graduate School, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young Woo Eom
- Cell therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seong-Yun Jeong
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Center for Advancing Cancer Therapeutics, Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Kyeong Sook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou Graduate School, Suwon, Korea
- Genomic Instability Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in thoracic aorta of diabetic rats by preserving vascular DDAH activity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179908. [PMID: 28715444 PMCID: PMC5513417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetic cardiovascular complications. Accumulation of endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and inhibition of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activity have been involved in diabetic endothelial dysfunction. This study was to investigate the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in diabetic rats and its potential mechanism. Methods Diabetic rats were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60mg/kg), and PDTC (10mg/kg) was given in drinking water for 8 weeks. Blood glucose and serum ADMA concentrations were measured in experimental rats. Recombinant adenovirus encoding human DDAH2 gene were constructed and ex vivo transferred to isolated rat aortas. The maximal relaxation (Emax) and half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of aortic rings response to accumulative concentrations of acetylcholine and vascular DDAH activity were examined before and after gene transfection. Results Diabetic rats displayed significant elevations of blood glucose and serum ADMA levels compared to control group (P<0.01). Vascular DDAH activity and endothelium-dependent relaxation of aortas were inhibited, as expressed by the decreased Emax and increased EC50 in diabetic rats compared to control rats (P<0.01). Treatment with PDTC not only decreased blood glucose and serum ADMA concentration (P<0.01) but also restored vascular DDAH activity and endothelium-dependent relaxation, evidenced by the higher Emax and lower EC50 in PDTC-treated diabetic rats compared to untreated diabetic rats (P<0.01). Similar restoration of Emax, EC50 and DDAH activity were observed in diabetic aortas after DDAH2-gene transfection. Conclusions These results indicate that PDTC could ameliorate impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation in diabetic rats. The underlying mechanisms might be related to preservation of vascular DDAH activity and consequent reduction of endogenous ADMA in endothelium via its antioxidant action. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of PDTC in impaired vasodilation and provides a new strategy for treatment of diabetic cardiovascular complications.
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Dayalan Naidu S, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Regulation of the mammalian heat shock factor 1. FEBS J 2017; 284:1606-1627. [PMID: 28052564 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Living organisms are endowed with the capability to tackle various forms of cellular stress due to the presence of molecular chaperone machinery complexes that are ubiquitous throughout the cell. During conditions of proteotoxic stress, the transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) mediates the elevation of heat shock proteins, which are crucial components of the chaperone complex machinery and function to ameliorate protein misfolding and aggregation and restore protein homeostasis. In addition, HSF1 orchestrates a versatile transcriptional programme that includes genes involved in repair and clearance of damaged macromolecules and maintenance of cell structure and metabolism, and provides protection against a broad range of cellular stress mediators, beyond heat shock. Here, we discuss the structure and function of the mammalian HSF1 and its regulation by post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, sumoylation and acetylation), proteasomal degradation, and small-molecule activators and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharadha Dayalan Naidu
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, University of Dundee, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Leng YP, Qiu N, Fang WJ, Zhang M, He ZM, Xiong Y. Involvement of increased endogenous asymmetric dimethylarginine in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress of type 2 diabetic rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97125. [PMID: 24918756 PMCID: PMC4053342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Increasing evidence suggested that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to insulin resistance, which plays an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Accumulation of endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), is associated with insulin resistance, T2DM, and diabetic cardiovascular complications, although the mechanisms have not been elucidated. This study was to determine whether elevated endogenous ADMA is involved in hepatic ER stress of type 2 diabetic rats, verify their causal relationship, and elucidate the potential mechanism underlying ADMA induced ER stress in rat hepatocytes. Methods Immunoglobulin binding protein (Bip) transcription, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α kinase (eIF2α) phosphorylation, X box-binding protein-1 (XBP-1) mRNA splicing and C/EBP homologues protein (CHOP) expression were measured to reflect ER stress. Contents of ADMA and nitrite/nitrate as well as activities or expression of NOS and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) were detected to show the changes in DDAH/ADMA/NOS/NO pathway. The lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde content and antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase activity were analyzed to evaluate oxidative stress. Results ER stress was provoked in the liver of type 2 diabetic rats, as expressed by increases of Bip transcription, eIF2α phosphorylation, XBP-1 splicing and CHOP expression, all of which were in parallel with the elevation of serum ADMA, suppression of NO generation, NOS and DDAH activities in the liver. Exposure of hepatocytes to ADMA or hydrogen peroxide also induced ER stress, which was associated with the inhibition of NO production and increase of oxidative stress. Treatment of hepatocytes with antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate not only decreased ADMA-induced oxidative stress and inhibition of NO production but also reduced ADMA-triggered ER stress. Conclusions These results indicate that increased endogenous ADMA contributes to hepatic ER stress in type 2 diabetic rats, and the mechanism underlying ADMA-induced ER stress may relate to oxidative stress via NOS uncoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ni Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei-jin Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Min He
- Cancer Research Institute and Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Snake Venom and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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Abd-El-Fattah MA, Abdelakader NF, Zaki HF. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate protects against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 723:330-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dinkova-Kostova AT. The Role of Sulfhydryl Reactivity of Small Molecules for the Activation of the KEAP1/NRF2 Pathway and the Heat Shock Response. SCIENTIFICA 2012; 2012:606104. [PMID: 24278719 PMCID: PMC3820647 DOI: 10.6064/2012/606104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The KEAP1/NRF2 pathway and the heat shock response are two essential cytoprotective mechanisms that allow adaptation and survival under conditions of oxidative, electrophilic, and thermal stress by regulating the expression of elaborate networks of genes with versatile protective functions. The two pathways are independently regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) and heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), respectively. The activity of these transcriptional master regulators increases during conditions of stress and also upon encounter of small molecules (inducers), both naturally occurring as well as synthetically produced. Inducers have a common chemical property: the ability to react with sulfhydryl groups. The protein targets of such sulfhydryl-reactive compounds are equipped with highly reactive cysteine residues, which serve as sensors for inducers. The initial cysteine-sensed signal is further relayed to affect the expression of large networks of genes, which in turn can ultimately influence complex cell fate decisions such as life and death. The paper summarizes the multiple lines of experimental evidence demonstrating that the reactivity with sulfhydryl groups is a major determinant of the mechanism of action of small molecule dual activators of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway and the heat shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cancer Research, Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, James Arrott Drive, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad N, Shah A, Ali S, Butler IS, Meetsma A. Supramolecular organotin(IV) dithiocarboxylates as potential antimicrobial agents. J COORD CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2012.707316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zia-ur-Rehman
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Niaz Muhammad
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Afzal Shah
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-i-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Ian S. Butler
- b Department of Chemistry , McGill University , 801 Sherbrooke St. W., Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6 , Canada
| | - Auke Meetsma
- c Crystal Structure Center, Chemical Physics, Zernike, Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Shaheen F, Zia-ur-Rehman, Ali S, Meetsma A. Structural properties and antibacterial potency of new supramolecular organotin(IV) dithiocarboxylates. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Activation of heat shock factor 1 plays a role in pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate-mediated expression of the co-chaperone BAG3. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2010; 42:1856-63. [PMID: 20692357 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2010] [Revised: 07/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive responses to physical and inflammatory stressors are mediated by transcription factors and molecular chaperones. The transcription factor heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) has been implicated in extending lifespan in part by increasing expression of heat shock response genes. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is a small thiol compound that exerts in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory properties through mechanisms that remain unclear. Here we report that PDTC induced the release of monomeric HSF1 from the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), with concomitant increase in HSF1 trimer formation, translocation to the nucleus, and binding to promoter of target genes in human HepG2 cells. siRNA-mediated silencing of HSF1 blocked BAG3 gene expression by PDTC. The protein levels of the co-chaperone BAG3 and its interaction partner Hsp72 were stimulated by PDTC in a dose-dependent fashion, peaking at 6h. Inhibition of Hsp90 function by geldanamycin derivatives and novobiocin elicited a pattern of HSF1 activation and BAG3 expression that was similar to PDTC. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies showed that PDTC and the inhibitor 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin enhanced the binding of HSF1 to the promoter of several target genes, including BAG3, HSPA1A, HSPA1B, FKBP4, STIP1 and UBB. Cell treatment with PDTC increased significantly the level of Hsp90α thiol oxidation, a posttranslational modification known to inhibit its chaperone function. These results unravel a previously unrecognized mechanism by which PDTC and related compounds could confer cellular protection against inflammation through HSF1-induced expression of heat shock response genes.
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Yadav UCS, Srivastava SK, Ramana KV. Understanding the role of aldose reductase in ocular inflammation. Curr Mol Med 2010; 10:540-9. [PMID: 20642441 PMCID: PMC2912437 DOI: 10.2174/1566524011009060540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aldose reductase, although identified initially as a glucose-reducing enzyme via polyol pathway, is believed to be an important component of antioxidant defense system as well as a key mediator of oxidative stress-induced molecular signaling. The dual role played by AR has made it a very important enzyme for the regulation of not only the cellular redox state by detoxifying the reactive lipid-aldehydes generated by lipid peroxidation which is crucial in the cellular homeostasis, but also in the regulation of molecular signaling cascade that may regulate oxidative stress-induced cytotoxic events. Search for the new molecular targets to restrain the oxidative stress-induced inflammation has resulted in the identification of AR as an unanticipated mediator of oxidative stress-induced signaling. Although, in last one decade or so AR has been implicated in various inflammation-related diseases conditions ranging from diabetes, sepsis, cancer, cardiovascular and ocular inflammation, however, a critical evaluation of the clinical efficacy of AR inhibitors awaits a better understanding of the role of AR in regulating inflammation, especially in ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- U C S Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA.
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Altaf M, Stoeckli-Evans H, Batool SS, Isab AA, Ahmad S, Saleem M, Awan SA, Shaheen MA. Mercury(II) complexes of pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, crystal structure of bis{[μ2-(pyrrolidinedithiocarbamato-S,S ′)(pyrrolidinedithiocarbamato-S,S ′)mercury(II)]}. J COORD CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00958971003759085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Altaf
- a Institute of Physics, University of Neuchâtel , CH-2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Helen Stoeckli-Evans
- a Institute of Physics, University of Neuchâtel , CH-2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Syeda Shahzadi Batool
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Engineering and Technology , Lahore 54890, Pakistan
| | - Anvarhusein A. Isab
- c Department of Chemistry , King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals , Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Engineering and Technology , Lahore 54890, Pakistan
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Moraitis C, Curran BPG. Differential effects of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid on the aerobic thermosensitivity of yeast cells grown under aerobic and anoxic conditions. Yeast 2009; 27:103-14. [PMID: 20014153 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that in aerobically-grown cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) increases and ascorbic acid decreases cellular thermosensitivity, as determined by the inducibility of a heat shock (HS)-reporter gene. In this work, we reveal that the aerobic thermosensitivity of anaerobically-grown yeast cells also increases in the presence of H(2)O(2), albeit differentially between cells with two different lipid profiles. In comparison to aerobically-grown fermenting cells treated with the same H(2)O(2) concentration, both these types of anaerobically-grown cells were found to be considerably less sensitive to aerobic heat shock and considerably more thermotolerant. Paradoxically, and in contrast to ascorbate-pretreated aerobically-grown yeast cells, when anaerobically-grown cells were heat-shocked aerobically in the presence of the same ascorbic acid concentration, they exhibited increased thermosensitivity and decreased intrinsic thermotolerance with respect to their untreated counterparts. These findings are discussed with respect to what is currently known about the redox and physiological status of yeast cells grown aerobically and cells reoxygenated following anoxic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Moraitis
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, UK
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Demarco VG, Scumpia PO, Bosanquet JP, Skimming JW. α-Lipoic Acid Inhibits Endotoxin-stimulated Expression of iNOS and Nitric Oxide Independent of the Heat Shock Response in RAW 264.7 Cells. Free Radic Res 2009; 38:675-82. [PMID: 15453632 DOI: 10.1080/10715760410001702503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The heat shock response protects against sepsis-induced mortality, organ injury, cardiovascular dysfunction, and apoptosis. Several inducers of the heat shock response, such as hyperthermia, sodium arsenite, and pyrollidine dithiocarbonate, inhibit NF-kappaB activation and nitric oxide formation. The antioxidant lipoic acid (LA) has recently been found to inhibit NF-kappaB activation and nitric oxide formation. We therefore tested the hypothesis that LA induces a heat shock response. To test this hypothesis, we determined whether exposure to LA affects expression of both heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) and nuclear heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated macrophages. LA and hyperthermia attenuated LPS-induced increases in nuclear NF-kappaB, iNOS protein, and media nitrite concentrations. LPS and hyperthermia increased HSP-70 concentrations 8-fold and 20-fold, respectively. No effect of LA treatment alone on HSP-70 protein expression was detected. Likewise, no effect of LA on HSF-1 protein expression was detected. These data suggest that LA inhibits LPS-induced activation of iNOS in macrophages independent of the heat shock response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent G Demarco
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Menezes DC, Vieira FT, de Lima GM, Wardell JL, Cortés M, Ferreira MP, Soares MA, Vilas Boas A. Thein vitro antifungal activity of some dithiocarbamate organotin(IV) compounds onCandida albicans— a model for biological interaction of organotin complexes. Appl Organomet Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Andringa G, Jongenelen CAM, Halfhide L, Drukarch B. The thiol antioxidant 1,2-dithiole-3-thione stimulates the expression of heat shock protein 70 in dopaminergic PC12 cells. Neurosci Lett 2007; 416:76-81. [PMID: 17303331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2006] [Revised: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), the pathogenic factors oxidative stress and protein aggregation interact and culminate in the apoptotic death of (mainly catecholaminergic) neurons. The dithiolethiones comprise thiol antioxidants that are well known for their activation of the expression of a wide collection of cytoprotective genes, including genes coding for antioxidant enzymes. Given the observation that heat shock proteins (HSPs), in particular the heat shock protein 72 (HSP72), protects against cellular degeneration in various models of PD, the ability of the unsubstituted dithiolethione 1,2-dithiole-3-thione (D3T) to stimulate heat shock protein gene and protein expression was studied using the dopaminergic PC12 cell line. As anticipated, D3T stimulated the expression of the antioxidant enzyme NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that D3T stimulates the expression of the inducible, cytoplasmic HSP72. Moreover, D3T strongly potentiated HSP72 gene and protein expression in heat-stressed cells. Taken together, our data show that, in addition to antioxidant enzymes, D3T stimulates the expression of HSP72, a chaperone shown to be neuroprotective in various models of PD, in particular under conditions of cellular stress. Thus, the broad range manipulation of endogenous cellular defense mechanisms, through D3T, may represent an innovative approach to therapeutic intervention in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Andringa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Moraitis C, Curran BPG. Can the different heat shock response thresholds found in fermenting and respiring yeast cells be attributed to their differential redox states? Yeast 2007; 24:653-66. [PMID: 17533621 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we used a heat-shock (HS) reporter gene to demonstrate that respiring cells are intrinsically less sensitive (by 5 degrees C) than their fermenting counterparts to a sublethal heat shock. We also used an oxidant-sensitive fluorescent probe to demonstrate that this correlates with lower levels of sublethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in heat-stressed respiring cells. Moreover, this relationship between HS induction of the reporter gene and ROS accumulation extends to respiring cells that have had their ROS levels modified by treatment with the anti-oxidant ascorbic acid and the pro-oxidant H(2)O(2). Thus, by demonstrating that the ROS/HSR correlation previously demonstrated in fermenting cells also holds for respiring cells (despite their greater HS insensitivity and higher level of intrinsic thermotolerance), we provide evidence that the intracellular redox state may influence both the sensitivity of the heat-shock response (HSR) and stress tolerance in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Moraitis
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary College, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
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Sarwar M, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ali S, Awan SA. Copper(II) complexes of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-006-0148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Thompson JS, Asmis R, Glass J, Liu H, Wilson C, Nelson B, Brown SA, Stromberg AJ. P53 status influences regulation of HSPs and ribosomal proteins by PDTC and radiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 343:435-42. [PMID: 16546138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/25/2006] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is a thiol-containing compound that can act under varying conditions as an anti-oxidant or pro-oxidant. Utilizing microarrays, we determined the effect of PDTC +/- ionizing radiation (IR) on the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) genes in isolated B6/129 wild-type (WT) and p53-/- spleen cells. Extremely significant microarrays demonstrated that PDTC, but not IR, markedly up-regulated the expression of the majority of detectable HSP genes in WT and many to a significantly greater degree in p53-/- deficient cells. Determination of the glutathione/glutathione disulfide ratio indicated that PDTC was acting as a pro-oxidant under these conditions. From these data we conclude that the clinical use of "antioxidants" with radiotherapy or chemotherapy must be very carefully based on knowledge of the p53 status of their intended normal and tumor target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Thompson
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington Kentucky, 40502, USA.
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Calviello G, Filippi GM, Toesca A, Palozza P, Maggiano N, Nicuolo FD, Serini S, Azzena GB, Galeotti T. Repeated exposure to pyrrolidine-dithiocarbamate induces peripheral nerve alterations in rats. Toxicol Lett 2005; 158:61-71. [PMID: 15993744 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2004] [Revised: 02/26/2005] [Accepted: 02/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrolidine-dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a synthetic compound widely used in cell biological investigations, recently attracted considerable interest as a putative anticancer agent. However, different dithiocarbamates have previously shown to cause neurological symptoms and morphological alterations in peripheral nerves. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether a 15-day oral administration with low doses of PDTC may produce adverse effects in peripheral nerves of rats. Female Wistar rats were assigned to receive PDTC [0.1, 0.5 or 1.0mmol/(kg body weight/day)] by gavage for 15 days. Reduced conduction velocity was observed by electrophysiological analysis in tibial nerves of treated animals, accompanied by a marked decrease in Shwann cell S100-protein expression determined by immunohistochemistry. Electron microscopy evaluation revealed marked myelin degeneration in the fibers of treated animals. In particular, both morphological and electrophysiological data suggested an impairment of large, fast conducting fibers, whereas the smallest and slowest ones remained intact. However, the activity of plasma and liver alkaline-phosphatase, an enzymic marker of hepatic dithiocarbamate toxicity, was not altered by the treatment. The total contents of the redox-active metal copper increased in tibial nerves of treated rats and was accompanied by raised levels of lipid peroxidation products. This finding suggests a role for oxidative stress in the development of PDTC-induced pathological and functional alterations of tibial nerves. The observation that a 15-day treatment with low doses of PDTC causes functional and morphological derangement of peripheral nerves advices against the possible use of this compound as a chemopreventive agent against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Calviello
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Coward WR, Sagara H, Wilson SJ, Holgate ST, Church MK. Allergen activates peripheral blood eosinophil nuclear factor-kappaB to generate granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-8. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34:1071-8. [PMID: 15248852 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic inflammation is characterized by the influx and activation of eosinophils. Cytokines generated by both resident and infiltrating cells are responsible for the initiation and maintenance of this pathogenesis. This study focuses on allergen-induced activation of eosinophil NF-kappaB and generation of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), TNF-alpha, and IL-8. METHODS Peripheral blood eosinophils were enriched to >99.9% by Percoll gradient sedimentation and negative magnetic affinity chromatography. NF-kappaB activation by 10 microg/mL house dust mite (HDM) extract was demonstrated immunocytochemically using a monoclonal antibody against the active form of NF-kappaB (NF-kappaBa). The authenticity of NF-kappaB was confirmed by Western blot. Cytokine production was assessed both by immuno-staining of eosinophils and by assay of cytokines in the cell supernatant. RESULTS Activation of peripheral blood eosinophils from atopic, but not non-atopic, donors induced activation of NF-kappaB, which peaked at 4 h and was accompanied by a decline in IkappaB-alpha. The activation of authentic NF-kappaB was confirmed in gel shift assays. Supershift assays showed p65 to be the major subunit of eosinophil NF-kappaB. Immunofluorescent confocal microscopy demonstrated localization of NF-kappaBa to the nucleus. Following activation, cytokine immunoreactivity was seen in a fraction of the eosinophils and cytokines were released into the supernatant. The NF-kappaB inhibitors, calpain inhibitor 1 (10 microm), pentoxifylline (0.5 mm), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 10 microm) or gliotoxin (1 pg/mL) reduced the generation of GM-CSF, TNF-alpha and IL-8 in parallel with their inhibition of NF-kappaB. CONCLUSIONS HDM allergen activates human eosinophil NF-kappaB leading to the production of the cytokines GM-CSF, TNF-alpha and IL-8. We speculate that a role for eosinophil NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines is to act as an autocrine loop augmenting the survival of eosinophils in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- W R Coward
- Division of Infection, Inflammation and Repair, School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton UK
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Liu JD, Tsai SH, Lin SY, Ho YS, Hung LF, Pan S, Ho FM, Lin CM, Liang YC. Thiol antioxidant and thiol-reducing agents attenuate 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced heme oxygenase-1 expression. Life Sci 2004; 74:2451-63. [PMID: 14998722 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2003] [Accepted: 10/08/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is induced as a beneficial and adaptive response in cells and tissues exposed to oxidative stress. Herein we examined how various eicosanoids affect the induction of HO-1, and the possible mechanism underlying 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)- prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2))-induced HO-1 expression. PGH(2), PGD(2) and its metabolites of the PGJ(2) series, and PGA(1) markedly induced the protein expression of HO-1. Arachidonic acid (AA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), PGE(2), PGF(2 alpha), and thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) were shown to have no effect on the induction of HO-1. 15d-PGJ(2) was the most potent activator achieving significance at 5 microM. Although 15d-PGJ(2) significantly activated the MAPKs of JNK and ERK, the activation of JNK and ERK did not contribute to the induction of HO-1 as determined using transfection of dominant-negative plasmids and MAPKs inhibitors. Additional experiment indicated that 15d-PGJ(2) induced HO-1 expression through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-independent pathway. 15d-PGJ(2) significantly decreased the intracellular level of reduced glutathione; and the thiol antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), and the thiol-reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), inhibited the induction of HO-1 by 15d-PGJ(2). Finally, NAC and DTT exhibited significant inhibition of HO-1 mRNA and HO-1 promoter reporter activity induced by 15d-PGJ(2). These results suggest that thiol antioxidant and reducing agents attenuate the expression of HO-1 induced by 15d-PGJ(2), and that the cellular thiol-disulfide redox status may be linked to HO-1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Dean Liu
- College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chao JT, Meininger GA, Patterson JL, Jones SAL, Partridge CR, Neiger JD, Williams ES, Kaufman SJ, Ramos KS, Wilson E. Regulation of alpha7-integrin expression in vascular smooth muscle by injury-induced atherosclerosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004; 287:H381-9. [PMID: 14988073 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00939.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Injury of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by allylamine (AAM) leads to phenotypic changes associated with atherogenic progression including increased proliferation, migration, and alterations in cell adhesion. In the present study, the relationship between AAM-induced vascular injury and expression of the alpha(7)-integrin subunit was investigated. The alpha(7)-mRNA and protein expression were examined using real-time RT-PCR, fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis (FACS), immunohistochemistry, and immunoblotting. In cultured VSMCs from aortas of AAM-treated rats (70 mg/kg for 20 days), alpha(7)-mRNA levels were increased more than twofold compared with control cells. No change was seen in beta(1)-integrin expression. FACS analysis revealed increased cell surface expression of alpha(7)-protein (25 +/- 9%; *P < 0.05). AAM treatment of naive VSMCs enhanced alpha(7)-mRNA expression (2.4 +/- 0.7-fold, mean +/- SE; *P < 0.05). The increased alpha(7)-mRNA expression was attenuated by the amine oxidase inhibitor semicarbazide and the antioxidant pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, which confirms a role for oxidative stress in modulating alpha(7)-expression. In vivo alpha(7)-mRNA and protein expression were enhanced in the aortas of AAM-treated rats. In addition, increased alpha(7)-integrin expression facilitated AAM VSMC adhesion to laminin more efficiently compared with control (51 +/- 2%; *P < 0.05). Chemical injury induced by AAM significantly enhances alpha(7)-integrin expression in VSMCs. These findings implicate for the first time the expression of alpha(7)-integrin during the response of VSMCs to vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Tzu Chao
- Division of Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Texas A&M Uniersity System Health Science Center, 336 Joe Reynolds Medical Bldg., College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Hata K, Yamamoto Y, Nakajima A, Taura K, Yonezawa K, Uchinami H, Ikeda F, Yamaoka Y. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 and dilatation of hepatic sinusoids by an administration of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in rat livers. J Surg Res 2004; 115:310-7. [PMID: 14697299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2003.08.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inducing heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) provides the liver with various protective effects against stressful conditions. In this article, we report our use of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) to induce HO-1 in the liver in vivo and its impact on hepatic microcirculation. MATERIALS AND METHODS PDTC was injected intramuscularly into rats and the expression of HO-1 in liver tissue was assessed by measuring both mRNA and protein levels. The distribution of induced HO-1 was evaluated immunohistochemically. The effect of PDTC administration on hepatic microcirculation was evaluated using intravital microscopy (IVM). Rats were divided into three groups: PDTC administration (group P), vehicle administration only (group C), and ZnPP-an inhibitor of HO-1-administration after PDTC treatment (group Z). Sinusoidal diameters were measured 24 h after the injections. RESULTS PDTC administration induced HO-1 strongly in the liver, but not in other organs. HO-1 mRNA expression in liver tissue peaked 3 h after PDTC injection and then gradually decreased. The protein expression reached a maximum level at 24-48 h after the injection, and its expression was dose-dependent with PDTC. Immunohistochemistry revealed that HO-1 was induced not only in Kupffer cells, but also in hepatocytes in the pericentral area. IVM showed that in group P, sinusoidal diameters in zone 3 (21.94 +/- 1.29 microm) were twice as large as those in group C (11.14 +/- 0.28 microm, P < 0.0001). This dilation of sinusoids was completely reversed by ZnPP (10.95 +/- 0.37 microm, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION A single administration of PDTC induced HO-1 in the liver with remarkable sinusoidal dilation. PDTC administration, therefore, may be a useful, new strategy in place of other stress preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Hata
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 606-8507 Kyoto, Japan
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Kim CH, Kim JH, Lee J, Hsu CY, Ahn YS. Thiol antioxidant reversal of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate-induced reciprocal regulation of AP-1 and NF-kappaB. Biol Chem 2003; 384:143-50. [PMID: 12674508 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2003.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) has been shown to have unique reciprocal activities in activating AP-1 and inhibiting NF-kappaB, two oxidative stress-sensitive transcription factors. The opposing effects of PDTC on these two transcription factors have been attributed to its thiol antioxidant properties. In the present study, PDTC activation of AP-1, like its inhibition of NF-kappaB, in bovine cerebral endothelial cells (BCECs) was zinc-dependent, consistent with the contention that PDTC acts as a zinc ionophore and the apparent reciprocal actions of PDTC are mediated by zinc. Unlike PDTC, other thiols and non-thiol antioxidants did not activate AP-1 on their own. Thiol, but not non-thiol, antioxidants reversed PDTC actions on AP-1 and NF-kappaB. PDTC reduced the intracellular glutathione content, and depletion of the cellular glutathione store by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) further augmented PDTC actions on AP-1 and NF-kappaB. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a thiol antioxidant, reversed PDTC actions even after irreversible depletion of the cellular glutathione store by BSO. These findings together suggest that thiol antioxidant reversal of PDTC actions on AP-1 and NF-kappaB is independent of their established roles in scavenging oxygen free radicals or repleting the cellular glutathione content. The results in the present and earlier studies suggest that thiol antioxidants are likely to act as metal chelators that buffer zinc mediation of the reciprocal actions of PDTC on AP-1 and NF-kappaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Hoon Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Brain Research Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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Gaudernak E, Seipelt J, Triendl A, Grassauer A, Kuechler E. Antiviral effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on human rhinoviruses. J Virol 2002; 76:6004-15. [PMID: 12021333 PMCID: PMC136215 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.12.6004-6015.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are the predominant cause of the common cold. The frequency of HRV infections in industrial countries and the lack of effective therapeutical treatment underline the importance of research for new antiviral substances. As viral infections are often accompanied by the generation of oxidative stress inside the infected cells, several redox-active substances were tested as potential antivirals. In the course of these studies it was discovered that pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is an extremely potent compound against HRV and poliovirus infection in cell culture. Besides the ability to dramatically reduce HRV production by interfering with viral protein expression, PDTC promotes cell survival and abolishes cytopathic effects in infected cells. PDTC also protects cells against poliovirus infection. These effects were highly specific, as several other antioxidants (vitamin C, Trolox, 2-mercaptoethanol, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine) are inactive against HRV infection. Synthesis of HRV proteins and cleavage of eucaryotic initiation factor 4G responsible for host cell shutoff of cellular protein synthesis are severely inhibited in the presence of PDTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Gaudernak
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
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Di Nicuolo F, Serini S, Boninsegna A, Palozza P, Calviello G. Redox regulation of cell proliferation by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in murine thymoma cells transplanted in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2001; 31:1424-31. [PMID: 11728814 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-5849(01)00714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is a synthetic compound largely used in cell biological studies and known to exert either antioxidant or pro-oxidant effects. Recently, its antitumoral activity has been proposed on the basis of its antioxidant and proapoptotic effects. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of increasing i.p. doses of PDTC on the growth of a strain of highly malignant thymoma cells inoculated in the peritoneum of inbred Balb/c mice. PDTC treatment increased the number of thymoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, enhancing the percentage of proliferating tumor cells. PDTC exerted regulatory effects on cell cycle distribution, decreasing the expression of cell cycle inhibitors. Alterations in the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, levels of oxidized glutathione, and intracellular levels of the redox-active metals iron and copper were also observed. The above results represent the first evidence that PDTC may induce in vivo cell proliferation in a murine thymoma cell model. In addition, we suggest that the ability of PDTC to bind and transport metals inside the cell and its pro-oxidant property may be factors underlying its effects on thymoma cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Di Nicuolo
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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