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Jayapaul J, Schröder L. Molecular Sensing with Host Systems for Hyperpolarized 129Xe. Molecules 2020; 25:E4627. [PMID: 33050669 PMCID: PMC7587211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized noble gases have been used early on in applications for sensitivity enhanced NMR. 129Xe has been explored for various applications because it can be used beyond the gas-driven examination of void spaces. Its solubility in aqueous solutions and its affinity for hydrophobic binding pockets allows "functionalization" through combination with host structures that bind one or multiple gas atoms. Moreover, the transient nature of gas binding in such hosts allows the combination with another signal enhancement technique, namely chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST). Different systems have been investigated for implementing various types of so-called Xe biosensors where the gas binds to a targeted host to address molecular markers or to sense biophysical parameters. This review summarizes developments in biosensor design and synthesis for achieving molecular sensing with NMR at unprecedented sensitivity. Aspects regarding Xe exchange kinetics and chemical engineering of various classes of hosts for an efficient build-up of the CEST effect will also be discussed as well as the cavity design of host molecules to identify a pool of bound Xe. The concept is presented in the broader context of reporter design with insights from other modalities that are helpful for advancing the field of Xe biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany;
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Rankin AGM, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Amoureux JP, Lafon O. Recent developments in MAS DNP-NMR of materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:116-143. [PMID: 31189121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the characterization of the atomic-level structure and dynamics of materials. Nevertheless, the use of this technique is often limited by its lack of sensitivity, which can prevent the observation of surfaces, defects or insensitive isotopes. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has been shown to improve by one to three orders of magnitude the sensitivity of NMR experiments on materials under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS), at static magnetic field B0 ≥ 5 T, conditions allowing for the acquisition of high-resolution spectra. The field of DNP-NMR spectroscopy of materials has undergone a rapid development in the last ten years, spurred notably by the availability of commercial DNP-NMR systems. We provide here an in-depth overview of MAS DNP-NMR studies of materials at high B0 field. After a historical perspective of DNP of materials, we describe the DNP transfers under MAS, the transport of polarization by spin diffusion and the various contributions to the overall sensitivity of DNP-NMR experiments. We discuss the design of tailored polarizing agents and the sample preparation in the case of materials. We present the DNP-NMR hardware and the influence of key experimental parameters, such as microwave power, magnetic field, temperature and MAS frequency. We give an overview of the isotopes that have been detected by this technique, and the NMR methods that have been combined with DNP. Finally, we show how MAS DNP-NMR has been applied to gain new insights into the structure of organic, hybrid and inorganic materials with applications in fields, such as health, energy, catalysis, optoelectronics etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G M Rankin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS-FR2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, F-67166, Wissembourg, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231, Paris, France.
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Barskiy DA, Coffey AM, Nikolaou P, Mikhaylov DM, Goodson BM, Branca RT, Lu GJ, Shapiro MG, Telkki VV, Zhivonitko VV, Koptyug IV, Salnikov OG, Kovtunov KV, Bukhtiyarov VI, Rosen MS, Barlow MJ, Safavi S, Hall IP, Schröder L, Chekmenev EY. NMR Hyperpolarization Techniques of Gases. Chemistry 2017; 23:725-751. [PMID: 27711999 PMCID: PMC5462469 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear spin polarization can be significantly increased through the process of hyperpolarization, leading to an increase in the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments by 4-8 orders of magnitude. Hyperpolarized gases, unlike liquids and solids, can often be readily separated and purified from the compounds used to mediate the hyperpolarization processes. These pure hyperpolarized gases enabled many novel MRI applications including the visualization of void spaces, imaging of lung function, and remote detection. Additionally, hyperpolarized gases can be dissolved in liquids and can be used as sensitive molecular probes and reporters. This Minireview covers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized gases and focuses on selected applications of interest to biomedicine and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila A Barskiy
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Aaron M Coffey
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Panayiotis Nikolaou
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | | | - Boyd M Goodson
- Southern Illinois University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Materials Technology Center, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Rosa T Branca
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - George J Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | | | - Vladimir V Zhivonitko
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Igor V Koptyug
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg G Salnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Kirill V Kovtunov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova St. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valerii I Bukhtiyarov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, 5 Acad. Lavrentiev Pr., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Matthew S Rosen
- MGH/A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Michael J Barlow
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Shahideh Safavi
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ian P Hall
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Leif Schröder
- Molecular Imaging, Department of Structural Biology, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduard Y Chekmenev
- Department of Radiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Physics, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (VICC), Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science (VUIIS), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a well-established method for the investigation of various types of porous materials. During the past decade, metal–organic frameworks have attracted increasing research interest. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has rapidly evolved into an important tool for the study of the structure, dynamics and flexibility of these materials, as well as for the characterization of host–guest interactions with adsorbed species such as xenon, carbon dioxide, water, and many others. The present review introduces and highlights recent developments in this rapidly growing field.
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Abstract
We have investigated several building stone materials, including minerals and rocks, using continuous flow hyperpolarized xenon (CF-HP) NMR spectroscopy to probe the surface composition and porosity. Chemical shift and line width values are consistent with petrographic information. Rare upfield shifts were measured and attributed to the presence of transition metal cations on the surface. The evolution of freshly cleaved rocks exposed to the atmosphere was also characterized. The CF-HP 129Xe NMR technique is non-destructive and it could complement currently used techniques, like porosimetry and microscopy, providing additional information on the chemical nature of the rock surface and its evolution.
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Paasch S, Brunner E. Trends in solid-state NMR spectroscopy and their relevance for bioanalytics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:2351-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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7
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Ivanova II, Kolyagin YG. Impact of in situ MAS NMR techniques to the understanding of the mechanisms of zeolite catalyzed reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 39:5018-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00011f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Liu Y, Zhang W, Xie S, Xu L, Han X, Bao X. Probing the porosity of cocrystallized MCM-49/ZSM-35 zeolites by hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:1226-31. [PMID: 18181607 DOI: 10.1021/jp077396m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
One- and two-dimensional 129Xe NMR spectroscopy has been employed to study the porosity of cocrystallized MCM-49/ZSM-35 zeolites under the continuous flow of hyperpolarized xenon gas. It is found by variable-temperature experiments that Xe atoms can be adsorbed in different domains of MCM-49/ZSM-35 cocrystallized zeolites and the mechanically mixed counterparts. The exchange of Xe atoms in different types of pores is very fast at ambient temperatures. Even at very low temperature two-dimensional exchange spectra (EXSY) show that Xe atoms still undergo much faster exchange between MCM-49 and ZSM-35 analogues in the cocrystallized zeolites than in the mechanical mixture. This demonstrates that the MCM-49 and ZSM-35 analogues in cocrystallized zeolites may be stacked much closer than in the physical mixture, and some parts of intergrowth may be formed due to the partially similar basic structure of MCM-49 and ZSM-35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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Goobes G, Goobes R, Shaw WJ, Gibson JM, Long JR, Raghunathan V, Schueler-Furman O, Popham JM, Baker D, Campbell CT, Stayton PS, Drobny GP. The structure, dynamics, and energetics of protein adsorption-lessons learned from adsorption of statherin to hydroxyapatite. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2007; 45 Suppl 1:S32-S47. [PMID: 18172904 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are found to be involved in interaction with solid surfaces in numerous natural events. Acidic proteins that adsorb to crystal faces of a biomineral to control the growth and morphology of hard tissue are only one example. Deducing the mechanisms of surface recognition exercised by proteins has implications to osteogenesis, pathological calcification and other proteins functions at their adsorbed state. Statherin is an enamel pellicle protein that inhibits hydroxyapatite nucleation and growth, lubricates the enamel surface, and is recognized by oral bacteria in periodontal diseases. Here, we highlight some of the insights we obtained recently using both thermodynamic and solid state NMR measurements to the adsorption process of statherin to hydroxyapatite. We combine macroscopic energy characterization with microscopic structural findings to present our views of protein adsorption mechanisms and the structural changes accompanying it and discuss the implications of these studies to understanding the functions of the protein adsorbed to the enamel surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Goobes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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10
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Hunger M. Moderne Methoden der In-situ-Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie in der heterogenen Katalyse. CHEM-ING-TECH 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200700008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Goobes G, Stayton PS, Drobny GP. Solid State NMR Studies of Molecular Recognition at Protein-Mineral Interfaces. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2007; 50:71-85. [PMID: 19768124 PMCID: PMC2746069 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gil Goobes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle WA 98195, USA, , Tel: 1 (206) 543 7760, Fax: 1 (206) 685 8665
| | - Patrick S. Stayton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Box 355061, Seattle WA 98195, USA, , Tel: 1 (206) 685 8148, Fax: 1 (206) 685 8256
| | - Gary P. Drobny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle WA 98195, USA, , Tel: 1 (206) 685 2052, Fax: 1 (206) 685 8665
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Baumer D, Brunner E, Blümler P, Zänker PP, Spiess HW. NMR spectroscopy of laser-polarized (129)Xe under continuous flow: a method to study aqueous solutions of biomolecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 45:7282-4. [PMID: 17013968 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200601008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Baumer
- Institut für Biophysik und Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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Baumer D, Brunner E, Blümler P, Zänker PP, Spiess HW. NMR-Spektroskopie von Laser-polarisiertem129Xe unter kontinuierlichem Fluss: eine Methode zur Untersuchung von Biomolekülen in wässrigen Lösungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200601008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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A continuous gas flow MAS NMR probe for operando studies of hydrocarbon conversion on heterogeneous catalysts. CR CHIM 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2005.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Knagge K, Smith JR, Smith LJ, Buriak J, Raftery D. Analysis of porosity in porous silicon using hyperpolarized 129Xe two-dimensional exchange experiments. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2006; 29:85-9. [PMID: 16257190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2005.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The porosity in porous silicon was characterized using hyperpolarized (HP) xenon as a probe. HP xenon under conditions of continuous flow allows for the rapid acquisition of xenon NMR spectra that can be used to characterize a variety of materials. Two-dimensional exchange spectroscopy (EXSY) (129)Xe NMR experiments using HP xenon were performed to obtain exchange pathways and rates of xenon mobility between pores of different dimensions within the structure of porous silicon and to the gas phase above the sample. Pore sizes are estimated from chemical shift information and a model for pore geometry is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Knagge
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, 560 Oval Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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16
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Hunger M, Wang W. Characterization of Solid Catalysts in the Functioning State by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. ADVANCES IN CATALYSIS 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-0564(06)50004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Saito M, Hiraga T, Hattori M, Murakami S, Nakai T. An investigation of pipeline materials for continuous hyperpolarized 129Xe gas spectroscopy. Magn Reson Imaging 2005; 23:607-10. [PMID: 15919608 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2005.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Accepted: 02/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to establish a continuous hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HP-129Xe) gas delivery system for MR imaging, the effect of the metallic materials in the gas pipeline on the signal intensity was investigated. In the gas pipeline, an appropriate surface is needed to minimize wall relaxation by the HP-129Xe gas caused by the interaction between the HP gas and the surface, which can lead to signal loss. Although Pyrex glass is a popular material for the HP gas chamber, it is fragile under heat or physical stress. In this study, five stainless steel tubes (STs) prepared with different surface film-forming processes were examined. The MR signal intensities of HP-129Xe gas that passed through each tube were then compared. The film passivated by iron fluoride maintained the highest level of hyperpolarization, whereas that passivated by chromium oxide maintained the lowest. A ST with an appropriate passive film may be a useful alternative to a Pyrex glass pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyoko Saito
- Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
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Zhang W, Ratcliffe CI, Moudrakovski IL, Mou CY, Ripmeester JA. Distribution of Gallium Nanocrystals in Ga/MCM-41 Mesocomposites by Continuous-Flow Hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2005; 77:3379-82. [PMID: 15889932 DOI: 10.1021/ac050076j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of gallium nanocrystals in mesoporous MCM-41 host were analyzed by continuous-flow hyperpolarized 129Xe NMR spectroscopy. In contrast to unclear TEM images for the high metal contents, laser-polarized 129Xe probe can detect the whole distribution of gallium in the MCM-41 host. It is found that gallium nanocrystals are included in the mesochannels of MCM-41; a part of them also remains in the interparticle voids. The distribution of gallium metal in MCM-41 is heterogeneous. Not all the mesochannels host metallic gallium even at a high gallium loading of 65.1 wt %. Variable temperature measurements can provide information on the xenon adsorption parameters. This approach opens a sensitive way to probe the distribution of high content species in porous host materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Zhang
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
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19
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Knagge K, Prange J, Raftery D. A continuously recirculating optical pumping apparatus for high xenon polarization and surface NMR studies. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Hyperpolarized gases have found a steadily increasing range of applications in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and NMR imaging (MRI). They can be regarded as a new class of MR contrast agent or as a way of greatly enhancing the temporal resolution of the measurement of processes relevant to areas as diverse as materials science and biomedicine. We concentrate on the properties and applications of hyperpolarized xenon. This review discusses the physics of producing hyperpolarization, the NMR-relevant properties of 129Xe, specific MRI methods for hyperpolarized gases, applications of xenon to biology and medicine, polarization transfer to other nuclear species and low-field imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Oros
- Institute of Medicine, Research Centre Jiilich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
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Nossov A, Guenneau F, Springuel-Huet MA, Haddad E, Montouillout V, Knott B, Engelke F, Fernandez C, Gédéon A. Continuous flow hyperpolarized129Xe-MAS NMR studies of microporous materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b305793n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Ueda T, Eguchi T, Nakamura N, Wasylishen RE. High-Pressure 129Xe NMR Study of Xenon Confined in the Nanochannels of Solid (±)-[Co(en)3]Cl3. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021679r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ueda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Taro Eguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Nobuo Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Roderick E. Wasylishen
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan, and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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Wong-Foy A, Saxena S, Moulé AJ, Bitter HML, Seeley JA, McDermott R, Clarke J, Pines A. Laser-polarized (129)Xe NMR and MRI at ultralow magnetic fields. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2002; 157:235-241. [PMID: 12323142 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.2002.2592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Laser-polarized (129)Xe and a high-T(c)superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) are used to obtain magnetic resonance images in porous materials at a magnetic field of 2.3 mT, corresponding to a Larmor frequency of 27 kHz. Image resolution of 1 mm is obtained with gradients of only 1 mT/m. The resolution of xenon chemical shifts in different physicochemical environments at ultralow fields is also demonstrated. Details of the circulating flow optical pumping apparatus and the SQUID spectrometer are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annjoe Wong-Foy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 94720, USA.
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Wang W, Seiler M, Ivanova II, Sternberg U, Weitkamp J, Hunger M. Formation and decomposition of N,N,N-trimethylanilinium cations on zeolite H-Y investigated by in situ stopped-flow MAS NMR spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:7548-54. [PMID: 12071765 DOI: 10.1021/ja012675n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Methylation of aniline by methanol on zeolite H-Y has been investigated by in situ (13)C MAS NMR spectroscopy under flow conditions. The in situ (13)C continuous-flow (CF) MAS NMR experiments were performed at reaction temperatures between 473 and 523 K, molar methanol-to-aniline ratios of 1:1 to 4:1, and modified residence times of (13)CH(3)OH between 20 and 100 (g x h)/mol. The methylation reaction was shown to start at 473 K. N,N,N-Trimethylanilinium cations causing a (13)C NMR signal at 58 ppm constitute the major product on the catalyst surface. Small amounts of protonated N-methylaniline ([PhNH(2)CH(3)](+)) and N,N-dimethylaniline ([PhNH(CH(3))(2)](+)) were also observed at ca. 39 and 48 ppm, respectively. After increase of the temperature to 523 K, the contents of N,N-dimethylanilinium cations and ring-alkylated reaction products strongly increased, accompanied by a decrease of the amount of N,N,N-trimethylanilinium cations. With application of the in situ stopped-flow (SF) MAS NMR technique, the decomposition of N,N,N-trimethylanilinium cations on zeolite H-Y to N,N-dimethylanilinium and N-methylanilinium cations was investigated to gain a deeper insight into the reaction mechanism. The results obtained allow the proposal of a mechanism consisting of three steps: (i) the conversion of methanol to surface methoxy groups and dimethyl ether (DME); (ii) the alkylation of aniline with methanol, methoxy groups, or DME leading to an equilibrium mixture of N,N,N-trimethylanilinium, N,N-dimethylanilinium, and N-methylanilinium cations attached to the zeolite surface; (iii) the deprotonation of N,N-dimethylanilinium and N-methylanilinium cations causing the formation of N,N-dimethylaniline (NNDMA) and N-methylaniline (NMA) in the gas phase, respectively. The chemical equilibrium between the anilinium cations carrying different numbers of methyl groups is suggested to play a key role for the products distribution in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Stuttgart, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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25
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Goodson BM. Nuclear magnetic resonance of laser-polarized noble gases in molecules, materials, and organisms. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2002; 155:157-216. [PMID: 12036331 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.2001.2341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques is fundamentally limited by the ordinarily low spin polarization achievable in even the strongest NMR magnets. However, by transferring angular momentum from laser light to electronic and nuclear spins, optical pumping methods can increase the nuclear spin polarization of noble gases by several orders of magnitude, thereby greatly enhancing their NMR sensitivity. This review describes the principles and magnetic resonance applications of laser-polarized noble gases. The enormous sensitivity enhancement afforded by optical pumping can be exploited to permit a variety of novel NMR experiments across numerous disciplines. Many such experiments are reviewed, including the void-space imaging of organisms and materials, NMR and MRI of living tissues, probing structure and dynamics of molecules in solution and on surfaces, NMR sensitivity enhancement via polarization transfer, and low-field NMR and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyd M Goodson
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley 94720-1460, USA
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Storhaug VJ, Liebig F, Bowers CR. Spin Exchange Optical Pumping Enhanced 129Xe NMR Spectroscopy of SF6/Xe and Acetone-d6/Xe Mixed Type-II Clathrate Hydrates. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0155260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent J. Storhaug
- Department of Chemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
| | - Florian Liebig
- Department of Chemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
| | - Clifford R. Bowers
- Department of Chemistry and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200
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Appelt S, Haesing F, Baer-Lang S, Shah N, Blümich B. Proton magnetization enhancement of solvents with hyperpolarized xenon in very low-magnetic fields. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)01106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Smith LJ, Smith J, MacNamara E, Knagge K, Raftery D. Variable Temperature Study of the Cross-Relaxation Dynamics in the Hyperpolarized Xenon-Induced Enhancement of Surface Nuclei. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0032309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis J. Smith
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Jay Smith
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Ernesto MacNamara
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Kevin Knagge
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Daniel Raftery
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
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Kneller JM, Soto RJ, Surber SE, Colomer JF, Fonseca A, Nagy JB, Pietrass T. Continuous-flow optical pumping NMR in a closed circuit system. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2000; 147:261-265. [PMID: 11097817 DOI: 10.1006/jmre.2000.2210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In a typical continuous-flow optical pumping setup, the chemical shift of xenon in the adsorbed phase depends on the gas flow rate due to warming of the sample surface by the gas stream. Calibration of the system using the (207)Pb resonance of solid lead nitrate is necessary to determine the actual sample temperature. Optimum pulse repetition rates are strongly affected by gas flow and spin-lattice relaxation rates. The interplay of flow and pulse repetition rate alters signal intensity ratios and may lead to the complete suppression of signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kneller
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, New Mexico 87801, USA
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Meersmann T, Logan JW, Simonutti R, Caldarelli S, Comotti A, Sozzani P, Kaiser LG, Pines A. Exploring Single-File Diffusion in One-Dimensional Nanochannels by Laser-Polarized 129Xe NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002322v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Meersmann
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - John W. Logan
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Roberto Simonutti
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Stefano Caldarelli
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Angiolina Comotti
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Piero Sozzani
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Lana G. Kaiser
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | - Alexander Pines
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, I - 20125, Italy, and Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse - CNRS, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F - 69626 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dybowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark 19716-2522, USA
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Bowers CR, Storhaug V, Webster CE, Bharatam J, Cottone A, Gianna R, Betsey K, Gaffney BJ. Exploring Surfaces and Cavities in Lipoxygenase and Other Proteins by Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 NMR. J Am Chem Soc 1999; 121:9370-7. [PMID: 16429610 PMCID: PMC1317562 DOI: 10.1021/ja991443+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an exploratory study of the binding interactions of xenon with the surface of several different proteins in the solution and solid states using both conventional and hyperpolarized (129)Xe NMR. The generation of hyperpolarized (129)Xe by spin exchange optical pumping affords an enhancement by 3-4 orders of magnitude of its NMR signal. As a result, it is possible to observe Xe directly bound to the surface of micromolar quantities of lyophilized protein. The highly sensitive nature of the (129)Xe line shape and chemical shift are used as indicators for the conditions most likely to yield maximal dipolar contact between (129)Xe nuclei and nuclear spins situated on the protein. This is an intermediate step toward achieving the ultimate goal of NMR enhancement of the binding-site nuclei by polarization transfer from hyperpolarized (129)Xe. The hyperpolarized (129)Xe spectra resulting from exposure of four different proteins in the lyophilized, powdered form have been examined for evidence of binding. Each of the proteins, namely, metmyoglobin, methemoglobin, hen egg white lysozyme, and soybean lipoxygenase, yielded a distinctly different NMR line shape. With the exception of lysozyme, the proteins all possess a paramagnetic iron center which can be expected to rapidly relax the (129)Xe and produce a net shift in its resonance position if the noble gas atom occupies specific binding sites near the iron. At temperatures from 223 to 183 K, NMR signals were observed in the 0-40 ppm chemical shift range, relative to Xe in the gas phase. The signals broadened and shifted downfield as the temperature was reduced, indicating that Xe is exchanging between the gas phase and internal or external binding sites of the proteins. Additionally, conventional (129)Xe NMR studies of metmyoglobin and lipoxygenase in the solution state are presented. The temperature dependence of the chemical shift and line shape indicate exchange of Xe between adsorption sites on lipoxygenase and Xe in the solvent on the slow to intermediate exchange time scale. The NMR results are compared with N(2), Xe, and CH(4) gas adsorption isotherms. It is found that lipoxygenase is unique among the proteins studied in possessing a relatively high affinity for gas molecules, and in addition, demonstrating the most clearly resolved adsorbed (129)Xe NMR peak in the lyophilized state.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Bowers
- Chemistry Department and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, USA
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Seydoux R, Pines A, Haake M, Reimer JA. NMR with a Continuously Circulating Flow of Laser-Polarized 129Xe. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9821984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Luhmer M, Goodson BM, Song YQ, Laws DD, Kaiser L, Cyrier MC, Pines A. Study of Xenon Binding in Cryptophane-A Using Laser-Induced NMR Polarization Enhancement. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9841916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Luhmer
- Contribution from the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique E.P., Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/64, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Boyd M. Goodson
- Contribution from the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique E.P., Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/64, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Yi-Qiao Song
- Contribution from the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique E.P., Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/64, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - David D. Laws
- Contribution from the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique E.P., Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/64, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Lana Kaiser
- Contribution from the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique E.P., Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/64, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Michelle C. Cyrier
- Contribution from the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique E.P., Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/64, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Alexander Pines
- Contribution from the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique E.P., Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 165/64, Av. F.D. Roosevelt 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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MacNamara E, Fisher G, Smith J, Rice CV, Hwang SJ, Raftery D. Cross Polarization and Cross Relaxation from Laser-Polarized Xenon to Surface Species. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp984081l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto MacNamara
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Gregory Fisher
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Jay Smith
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Charles V. Rice
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Son-Jong Hwang
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
| | - Daniel Raftery
- H.C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1393
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Haake M, Goodson BM, Laws DD, Brunner E, Cyrier MC, Havlin RH, Pines A. NMR of supercritical laser-polarized xenon. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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40
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Brunner E, Haake M, Pines A, Reimer J, Seydoux R. Enhancement of 13C NMR signals in solid C60 and C70 using laser-polarized xenon. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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