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Chen G, Wu C, Wang F, Lyu H, Lu Y, Yan C, Chen J, Deng Y, Ge T. Microbial community changes in different underground compartments of potato affected yield and quality. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:106. [PMID: 35462950 PMCID: PMC8991295 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial communities are critical to plant health and productivity. Crop-associated microbial diversity may exhibit spatial specificity across regions and soil compartments. However, we lack sound evidence for the impact of variation in soil microbial diversity on plant productivity caused by regional differences. The main aims of this study are to explore the structure and functionality of the belowground (potato tuber surface and rhizosphere) microbial communities in three compartments and assess whether these communities contribute to potato productivity. Significant differences in alpha and beta diversities of belowground microbiota were detected in different compartments and regions, mainly due to differences in available soil nutrients and pH. Changes to microbial diversity between bulk soil and rhizosphere or tuber surface soil were significantly negatively correlated with potato yield and nutrient content and positively correlated with starch content. We further found some bacterial (Mucilaginibacter, Dokdonella, and Salinispora) and fungal (Solicoccozyma, Scytalidium, and Humicola) genera closely associated with potato yield and quality. Aggregated boosted tree prediction revealed that soil physicochemical properties and microbial diversity of tuber surface soil contributed more to potato yield; tuber surface soil bacterial contributed more to potato starch and nutrient content. Our findings provide experimental evidence that the significant differences in soil microbial diversity and specific microbial taxa enrichment may potentially influence crop productivity under soil physicochemical property change scenarios in the agricultural ecosystem. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03167-6.
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Sun T, Wang T, Qiang Y, Zhao G, Yang J, Zhong H, Peng X, Yang J, Li Y. CBL-Interacting Protein Kinase OsCIPK18 Regulates the Response of Ammonium Toxicity in Rice Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863283. [PMID: 35574117 PMCID: PMC9100847 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium ( NH 4 + ) is one of the major nitrogen sources for plants. However, excessive ammonium can cause serious harm to the growth and development of plants, i.e., ammonium toxicity. The primary regulatory mechanisms behind ammonium toxicity are still poorly characterized. In this study, we showed that OsCIPK18, a CBL-interacting protein kinase, plays an important role in response to ammonium toxicity by comparative analysis of the physiological and whole transcriptome of the T-DNA insertion mutant (cipk18) and the wild-type (WT). Root biomass and length of cipk18 are less inhibited by excess NH 4 + compared with WT, indicating increased resistance to ammonium toxicity. Transcriptome analysis reveals that OsCIPK18 affects the NH 4 + uptake by regulating the expression of OsAMT1;2 and other NH 4 + transporters, but does not affect ammonium assimilation. Differentially expressed genes induced by excess NH 4 + in WT and cipk18 were associated with functions, such as ion transport, metabolism, cell wall formation, and phytohormones signaling, suggesting a fundamental role for OsCIPK18 in ammonium toxicity. We further identified a transcriptional regulatory network downstream of OsCIPK18 under NH 4 + stress that is centered on several core transcription factors. Moreover, OsCIPK18 might function as a transmitter in the auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways affected by excess ammonium. These data allowed us to define an OsCIPK18-regulated/dependent transcriptomic network for the response of ammonium toxicity and provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying ammonium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yalin Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gangqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojue Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yangsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Ortigosa F, Lobato-Fernández C, Shikano H, Ávila C, Taira S, Cánovas FM, Cañas RA. Ammonium regulates the development of pine roots through hormonal crosstalk and differential expression of transcription factors in the apex. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:915-935. [PMID: 34724238 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium is a prominent source of inorganic nitrogen for plant nutrition, but excessive amounts can be toxic for many species. However, most conifers are tolerant to ammonium, a relevant physiological feature of this ancient evolutionary lineage. For a better understanding of the molecular basis of this trait, ammonium-induced changes in the transcriptome of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) root apex have been determined by laser capture microdissection and RNA sequencing. Ammonium promoted changes in the transcriptional profiles of multiple transcription factors, such as SHORT-ROOT, and phytohormone-related transcripts, such as ACO, involved in the development of the root meristem. Nano-PALDI-MSI and transcriptomic analyses showed that the distributions of IAA and CKs were altered in the root apex in response to ammonium nutrition. Taken together, the data suggest that this early response is involved in the increased lateral root branching and principal root growth, which characterize the long-term response to ammonium supply in pine. All these results suggest that ammonium induces changes in the root system architecture through the IAA-CK-ET phytohormone crosstalk and transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ortigosa
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - César Lobato-Fernández
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - Hitomi Shikano
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Concepción Ávila
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - Shu Taira
- Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima University, Kanayagawa, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Francisco M Cánovas
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael A Cañas
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
- Integrative Molecular Biology Lab, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Universitario de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
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Wambsganss J, Freschet GT, Beyer F, Goldmann K, Prada‐Salcedo LD, Scherer‐Lorenzen M, Bauhus J. Tree species mixing causes a shift in fine‐root soil exploitation strategies across European forests. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janna Wambsganss
- Chair of Silviculture Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
- Geobotany Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Grégoire T. Freschet
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale CNRSUniversité Toulouse III Moulis France
| | - Friderike Beyer
- Chair of Silviculture Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Kezia Goldmann
- Department of Soil Ecology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ Halle/Saale Germany
| | | | | | - Jürgen Bauhus
- Chair of Silviculture Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
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Liu C, Chen S, Wang S, Zhao X, Li K, Chen S, Qu GZ. A genome wide transcriptional study of Populus alba x P. tremula var. glandulosa in response to nitrogen deficiency stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:1277-1293. [PMID: 34220043 PMCID: PMC8212198 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Poplar 84 K (Populus alba x P. tremula var. glandulosa) is a good resource for genetic engineering due to its rapid growth and wide adaptability, and it is also an excellent ornamental tree species. In this study, we used 84 K plantlets grown in the nitrogen-limited medium as experimental materials to explore the molecular mechanism in 84 K leaves under nitrogen deficiency. A total of 5,868 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the transcriptional information from RNA-seq data. GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment results revealed that the DEGs were mainly involved in energy metabolism and anthocyanin biosynthesis. We then identified differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) and constructed TF centered gene co-expression networks for chlorophyll and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway genes. Twenty potential regulators were finally identified. We speculated the transcription factors that control the pigmentation in leaves with the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) pigment regulatory model. Such identification will clarify the genetic basis of the secondary metabolism in 84 K, and being a source of candidate genes for future plant genetic engineering. Our work broadens the researchers' understanding of the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in trees and provides new perspectives for ornamental 84 K poplar breeding. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01012-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Sui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Kailong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guan-zheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Wang F, Gao J, Yong JWH, Wang Q, Ma J, He X. Higher Atmospheric CO 2 Levels Favor C 3 Plants Over C 4 Plants in Utilizing Ammonium as a Nitrogen Source. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:537443. [PMID: 33343587 PMCID: PMC7738331 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.537443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis of wheat and maize declined when grown with NH4 + as a nitrogen (N) source at ambient CO2 concentration compared to those grown with a mixture of NO3 - and NH4 +, or NO3 - as the sole N source. Interestingly, these N nutritional physiological responses changed when the atmospheric CO2 concentration increases. We studied the photosynthetic responses of wheat and maize growing with various N forms at three levels of growth CO2 levels. Hydroponic experiments were carried out using a C3 plant (wheat, Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chuanmai 58) and a C4 plant (maize, Zea mays L. cv. Zhongdan 808) given three types of N nutrition: sole NO3 - (NN), sole NH4 + (AN) and a mixture of both NO3 - and NH4 + (Mix-N). The test plants were grown using custom-built chambers where a continuous and desired atmospheric CO2 (C a ) concentration could be maintained: 280 μmol mol-1 (representing the pre-Industrial Revolution CO2 concentration of the 18th century), 400 μmol mol-1 (present level) and 550 μmol mol-1 (representing the anticipated futuristic concentration in 2050). Under AN, the decrease in net photosynthetic rate (P n ) was attributed to a reduction in the maximum RuBP-regeneration rate, which then caused reductions in the maximum Rubisco-carboxylation rates for both species. Decreases in electron transport rate, reduction of electron flux to the photosynthetic carbon [Je(PCR)] and electron flux for photorespiratory carbon oxidation [Je(PCO)] were also observed under AN for both species. However, the intercellular (C i ) and chloroplast (C c ) CO2 concentration increased with increasing atmospheric CO2 in C3 wheat but not in C4 maize, leading to a higher Je(PCR)/ Je(PCO) ratio. Interestingly, the reduction of P n under AN was relieved in wheat through higher CO2 levels, but that was not the case in maize. In conclusion, elevating atmospheric CO2 concentration increased C i and C c in wheat, but not in maize, with enhanced electron fluxes towards photosynthesis, rather than photorespiration, thereby relieving the inhibition of photosynthesis under AN. Our results contributed to a better understanding of NH4 + involvement in N nutrition of crops growing under different levels of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Institute of Environmental Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jingwen Gao
- Institute of Environmental Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jean W. H. Yong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Environmental Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- Institute of Environmental Resources, Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua He
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Bagnoud A, Guye-Humbert S, Schloter-Hai B, Schloter M, Zopfi J. Environmental factors determining distribution and activity of anammox bacteria in minerotrophic fen soils. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5647352. [PMID: 31782780 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the pervasive occurrence of denitrification in soils, anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is a spatially restricted process that depends on specific ecological conditions. To identify the factors that constrain the distribution and activity of anammox bacteria in terrestrial environments, we investigated four different soil types along a catena with opposing ecological gradients of nitrogen and water content, from an amended pasture to an ombrotrophic bog. Anammox was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) only in the nitrophilic wet meadow and the minerotrophic fen, in soil sections remaining water-saturated for most of the year and whose interstitial water contained inorganic nitrogen. Contrastingly, aerobic ammonia oxidizing microorganisms were present in all examined samples and outnumbered anammox bacteria usually by at least one order of magnitude. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a relatively high diversity of anammox bacteria with one Ca. Brocadia cluster. Three additional clusters could not be affiliated to known anammox genera, but have been previously detected in other soil systems. Soil incubations using 15N-labeled substrates revealed that anammox processes contributed about <2% to total N2 formation, leaving nitrification and denitrification as the dominant N-removal mechanism in these soils that represent important buffer zones between agricultural land and ombrotrophic peat bogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bagnoud
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.,Institut de Génie Thermique, Haute École d'Ingénierie et de Gestion du Canton de Vaud, Avenue des Sports 20, CH-1400 Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland
| | - Sylvia Guye-Humbert
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Schloter-Hai
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schloter
- Research Unit for Comparative Microbiome Analysis; Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Zopfi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.,Aquatic and Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 30, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Timilsina A, Zhang C, Pandey B, Bizimana F, Dong W, Hu C. Potential Pathway of Nitrous Oxide Formation in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1177. [PMID: 32849729 PMCID: PMC7412978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants can produce and emit nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas, into the atmosphere, and several field-based studies have concluded that this gas is emitted at substantial amounts. However, the exact mechanisms of N2O production in plant cells are unknown. Several studies have hypothesised that plants might act as a medium to transport N2O produced by soil-inhabiting microorganisms. Contrarily, aseptically grown plants and axenic algal cells supplied with nitrate (NO3) are reported to emit N2O, indicating that it is produced inside plant cells by some unknown physiological phenomena. In this study, the possible sites, mechanisms, and enzymes involved in N2O production in plant cells are discussed. Based on the experimental evidence from various studies, we determined that N2O can be produced from nitric oxide (NO) in the mitochondria of plants. NO, a signaling molecule, is produced through oxidative and reductive pathways in eukaryotic cells. During hypoxia and anoxia, NO3 in the cytosol is metabolised to produce nitrite (NO2), which is reduced to form NO via the reductive pathway in the mitochondria. Under low oxygen condition, NO formed in the mitochondria is further reduced to N2O by the reduced form of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). This pathway is active only when cells experience hypoxia or anoxia, and it may be involved in N2O formation in plants and soil-dwelling animals, as reported previously by several studies. NO can be toxic at a high concentration. Therefore, the reduction of NO to N2O in the mitochondria might protect the integrity of the mitochondria, and thus, protect the cell from the toxicity of NO accumulation under hypoxia and anoxia. As NO3 is a major source of nitrogen for plants and all plants may experience hypoxic and anoxic conditions owing to soil environmental factors, a significant global biogenic source of N2O may be its formation in plants via the proposed pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbindra Timilsina
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Arbindra Timilsina, ; Chunsheng Hu,
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bikram Pandey
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bio-resource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Fiston Bizimana
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunsheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Arbindra Timilsina, ; Chunsheng Hu,
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Xiong F, Nie X, Zhao X, Yang L, Zhou G. Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on growth and active compounds of rhubarb from Qinghai plateau. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:2874-2882. [PMID: 30460686 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheum tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf is one of the plants generically known as rhubarb, a culinary vegetable that has long been used as a herbal remedy both in China and Europe. Increasing demand for rhubarb has triggered the overexploitation of Rh. tanguticum. Cultivation is therefore necessary for quality control and protection of wild resources. Nitrogen fertilizer plays an important role in cultivation. This study aimed to explore how nitrogen fertilizer affects the growth and quality of rhubarb on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. RESULTS Nitrogen fertilizer promoted growth but had no significant influence on the active compounds of Rh. tanguticum. Generally, the N2 (150 kg ha-1 ) and N3 (225 kg ha-1 ) levels showed the most improved growth indexes, with no significant differences between them. The growth index and the amounts of eight of the nine studied active compounds in Rh. tanguticum increased from each year to the next and differed among growth stages. The contents of the active compounds were higher at the green stage and lower at the growth stage, which was opposite to the seasonal trends in root dry matter ratio. Gallic acid levels decreased with the growth of the plant. CONCLUSION The N2 level (150 kg ha-1 ) was the recommended nitrogen fertilizer level in this study. It was revealed that seasonal changes rather than nitrogen fertilizer influenced active compounds in the root of Rh. tanguticum. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Xining, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqing Nie
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Xining, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Xining, China
| | - Lucun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Xining, China
| | - Guoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, China
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Xining, China
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10
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Takács T, Cseresnyés I, Kovács R, Parádi I, Kelemen B, Szili-Kovács T, Füzy A. Symbiotic Effectivity of Dual and Tripartite Associations on Soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr.) Cultivars Inoculated With Bradyrhizobium japonicum and AM Fungi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1631. [PMID: 30483288 PMCID: PMC6243127 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) is regarded worldwide as indisputably one of the most important crops for human food and animal feed. The presence of symbiotic bacteria and fungi is essential for soybean breeding, especially in low-input agricultural systems. Research on the cooperation between different microbial symbionts is a key to understanding how the health and productivity of the plant is supported. The symbiotic effectivity of dual and tripartite symbiotic agents was investigated in two pot experiments on different soybean cultivars with special regard to compatibility. In the Selection experiment, two out of sixteen soybean cultivars (Aliz, Emese) were chosen on the basis of their drought tolerance and used in all the other investigations. In the Compatibility experiment, the compatible coupling of symbiotic partners was selected based on the efficiency of single and co-inoculation with two Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and two commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) products. Significant differences were found in the infectivity and effectivity of the microsymbionts. The rhizobial and AMF inoculation generally improved plant production, photosynthetic efficiency and root activity, but this effect depended on the type of symbiotic assotiation. Despite the low infectivity of AMF, inocula containing fungi were more beneficial than those containing only rhizobia. In the Drought Stress (DS) experiment, co-inoculated and control plants were grown in chernozem soil originating from organic farms. Emese was more resistant to drought stress than Aliz and produced a bigger root system. Under DS, the growth parameters of both microbially inoculated cultivars were better than that of control, proving that even drought tolerant genotypes can strengthen their endurance due to inoculation with AMF and nitrogen fixing bacteria. Root electrical capacitance (CR) showed a highly significant linear correlation with root and shoot dry mass and leaf area. The same root biomass was associated with higher CR in inoculated hosts. As CR method detects the absorptive surface increasing due to inoculation, it may be used to check the efficiency of the microbial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tünde Takács
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Cseresnyés
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ramóna Kovács
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Parádi
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bettina Kelemen
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Szili-Kovács
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Füzy
- Institute for Soil Sciences and Agricultural Chemistry, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Ishikawa-Sakurai J, Murai-Hatano M, Hayashi H, Matsunami M, Kuwagata T. Rice aquaporins and their responses to environmental stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3117/rootres.26.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junko Ishikawa-Sakurai
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO
- Institute of Crop Science, NARO
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University
| | | | - Hidehiro Hayashi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University
| | - Maya Matsunami
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO
- JSPS Research Fellow
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Elazab A, Serret MD, Araus JL. Interactive effect of water and nitrogen regimes on plant growth, root traits and water status of old and modern durum wheat genotypes. PLANTA 2016; 244:125-44. [PMID: 26992389 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The selection of the ideal root drought adaptive traits should take into account the production and maintenance of root tissues alongside the capacity to capture soil resources. Ten old and modern Spanish durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var durum) genotypes were grown in lysimeters under two contrasting water and nitrogen regimes to study the effect of such growth conditions on: (1) the aerial biomass, (2) the growth and structure of the roots and (3) the relationships of the root structure with aerial biomass, photosynthetic and transpirative characteristics and water use efficiency. Both high water and nitrogen regimes significantly increased aerial biomass. Root dry biomass and root length increased and decreased in response to improved water supply and nitrogen regimes, respectively. No significant correlations were detected between aerial biomass and any root trait under well-watered conditions. Under water stress aerial biomass was negatively correlated with root dry biomass, root length and root weight density and positively correlated with the specific root length, particularly for the subset of old genotypes. The high nitrogen regime significantly enriched the carbon isotope composition of the flag leaf (δ (13)CFL) and hindered the effect of the high water regime on decreasing δ (13)CFL enrichment. Thus, positive correlations of aerial biomass with δ (13)CFL were detected regardless of the water regime. The study revealed: (1) the importance of root traits for higher aerial biomass under the low water regime; (2) that the interaction between nitrogen and the water regime may affect the predictive nature of the δ (13)C in drought breeding programs; and (3) the selection of the ideal root system structure should take into account the metabolic costs of the production and maintenance of root tissues alongside the capacity of capturing resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhalim Elazab
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Dolors Serret
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Unit of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
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