1
|
Li W, Yu T. Relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and IGF1: a cross-sectional study of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2023; 42:35. [PMID: 37072869 PMCID: PMC10111687 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) are crucial for bone health. Some studies have shown that they interact, whereas others have indicated no association. However, it remains inconclusive whether the interaction between the two is dose dependent. Herein, we explored the relationship between 25OHD and IGF1 by conducting a cross-sectional study. METHODS This study involved 6,046 individuals from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). The dependent and independent variables were IGF1 and 25OHD levels, respectively. The covariates included age, sex, race, BMI, exercise, smoking behavior, alcohol intake, diabetes, and serum calcium level. Multiple linear regression and generalized additive model were employed to analyze the relationship between 25OHD and IGF1. Interaction and hierarchical analyses were also performed. RESULTS The 25OHD and IGF1 levels positively correlated after adjusting for covariates (β = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.04-0.29, P = 0.0103). Smooth curve fitting demonstrated a curvilinear relationship. When the 25OHD level was < 75 nmol/L, a positive correlation (β = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.25-0.62, P < 0.0001) was observed. When the 25OHD level was > 75 nmol/L, a negative correlation was observed (β = -0.53, 95% CI: -0.90 to -0.15, P = 0.0057). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between 25OHD and IGF1. It suggests that keeping the 25OHD level within a specific range may be more conducive to bone health. Additionally, when IGF1 is used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in growth hormone deficiency treatment, the effect of 25OHD on the actual IGF1 level should be taken into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Child Health Care, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Child Health Care, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vitamin D and Bone: A Story of Endocrine and Auto/Paracrine Action in Osteoblasts. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030480. [PMID: 36771187 PMCID: PMC9919888 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite its rigid structure, the bone is a dynamic organ, and is highly regulated by endocrine factors. One of the major bone regulatory hormones is vitamin D. Its renal metabolite 1α,25-OH2D3 has both direct and indirect effects on the maintenance of bone structure in health and disease. In this review, we describe the underlying processes that are directed by bone-forming cells, the osteoblasts. During the bone formation process, osteoblasts undergo different stages which play a central role in the signaling pathways that are activated via the vitamin D receptor. Vitamin D is involved in directing the osteoblasts towards proliferation or apoptosis, regulates their differentiation to bone matrix producing cells, and controls the subsequent mineralization of the bone matrix. The stage of differentiation/mineralization in osteoblasts is important for the vitamin D effect on gene transcription and the cellular response, and many genes are uniquely regulated either before or during mineralization. Moreover, osteoblasts contain the complete machinery to metabolize active 1α,25-OH2D3 to ensure a direct local effect. The enzyme 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) that synthesizes the active 1α,25-OH2D3 metabolite is functional in osteoblasts, as well as the enzyme 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) that degrades 1α,25-OH2D3. This shows that in the past 100 years of vitamin D research, 1α,25-OH2D3 has evolved from an endocrine regulator into an autocrine/paracrine regulator of osteoblasts and bone formation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang B, Burley G, Lin S, Shi YC. Osteoporosis pathogenesis and treatment: existing and emerging avenues. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:72. [PMID: 36058940 PMCID: PMC9441049 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOsteoporotic fractures lead to increased disability and mortality in the elderly population. With the rapid increase in the aging population around the globe, more effective treatments for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are urgently required. The underlying molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis are believed to be due to the increased activity of osteoclasts, decreased activity of osteoblasts, or both, which leads to an imbalance in the bone remodeling process with accelerated bone resorption and attenuated bone formation. Currently, the available clinical treatments for osteoporosis have mostly focused on factors influencing bone remodeling; however, they have their own limitations and side effects. Recently, cytokine immunotherapy, gene therapy, and stem cell therapy have become new approaches for the treatment of various diseases. This article reviews the latest research on bone remodeling mechanisms, as well as how this underpins current and potential novel treatments for osteoporosis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin S, Cai X, Cheng Q, Chen C, Cao X, Yang F, Fan Y. Association between bone turnover markers, BMD and height loss of cemented vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:202. [PMID: 35379274 PMCID: PMC8981862 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) was recently performed for treating patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). However, recompression of cemented vertebra with significant vertebral height loss occurred in the patients after PVP was observed during the follow-up period. The purpose is to explore the risk factors among several potential predictors for the height loss of treated vertebral bodies after PVP in patients with OVCF. Methods A study of 93 patients who had undergone PVP between May 1, 2016, and March 1, 2019, at the Spine Center of Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University was conducted. The fractured vertebral height loss ratio ≥ 15% at final follow-up were defined as cemented vertebra recompression. The following variables were measured and collected: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), volume of bone cement injected, bone cement leakage, fractured vertebra segment, contact between bone cement and endplates, serum of calcium and phosphorus, and six kinds of bone turnover markers. Results Mann–Whitney U test and Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the cemented vertebra recompression was correlated with BMD, contact between bone cement and endplates, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25-OH-D3). Following multivariate modeling, multiple factors logistic regression elucidated that high BMD (P < 0.001, OR = 0.089) and high level of serum 25-OH-D3 (P = 0.012, OR = 0.877) were negatively correlated with the cemented vertebra recompression after PVP. Conclusion Decreased BMD and lower level of serum 25-OH-D3 might be two critical and significant risk factors for the height loss of cemented vertebrae after PVP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangjin Lin
- Department of Orthopeadic, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoxi Cai
- Department of Orthopeadic, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Orthopeadic, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xuhai Cao
- Department of Orthopeadic, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Fengjian Yang
- Department of Orthopeadic, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yongqian Fan
- Department of Orthopeadic, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan K, Tu R, Yao X, Zhu Z. Associations between serum calcium, 25(OH)D level and bone mineral density in adolescents. Adv Rheumatol 2021; 61:16. [PMID: 33691805 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-021-00174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS It is important to improve our understanding of the roles of calcium and vitamin D in bone health for preventing osteoporosis. We aimed at exploring the associations between serum calcium, vitamin D level, and bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescents included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2006. METHODS Weighted multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the associations of serum calcium, 25(OH)D level with total BMD. Smooth curve fitting was used to explore the potential non-linear relationship. RESULTS A total of 5990 individuals aged between 12 and 19 years were included in this study. The fully-adjusted model showed serum calcium positively correlated with total BMD. However, an inverted U-shaped relationship was found when we performed the smooth curve fitting method, and the inflection point was calculated at 9.6 mg/dL using the two-piecewise linear regression model. In contrast, there was a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D and total BMD after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS The present study revealed a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D level and total BMD, and an inverted U-shaped relationship between serum calcium and total BMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Pan
- Department of Paediatrics, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rongliang Tu
- Department of Paediatrics, Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaocong Yao
- Department of Osteoporosis Care and Control, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- Department of Osteoporosis Care and Control, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Omelka R, Martiniakova M, Svik K, Slovak L, Payer J, Oppenbergerova I, Kovacova V, Babikova M, Soltesova-Prnova M. The effects of eggshell calcium (Biomin H ® ) and its combinations with alfacalcidol (1α-hydroxyvitamin D3) and menaquinone-7 (vitamin K2) on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:336-344. [PMID: 33012134 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of eggshell calcium (Biomin H® dietary supplement) and its combinations with alfacalcidol (1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 ) and menaquinone-7 (vitamin K2 ) on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats. Adult female rats (n = 48) were divided into 6 groups of 8 individuals each: sham-operated rats (SHAM); ovariectomized (OVX) rats untreated; OVX rats treated with Biomin H® (BIO); OVX rats simultaneously receiving Biomin H® , vitamin D3 (BIO + D3 ); OVX rats simultaneously treated with Biomin H® , vitamin K2 (BIO + K2 ) and OVX rats treated with Biomin H® , vitamin D3 , vitamin K2 (BIO + D3 + K2 ) during 8 weeks. Biochemical parameters, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and femoral bone microstructure were determined. Plasma calcium and phosphate were increased in BIO + D3 and BIO + D3 + K2 groups as compared to OVX. Alkaline phosphatase was elevated in OVX, BIO versus SHAM, BIO + D3 + K2 groups. When compared to OVX group, decreased urine deoxypyridinoline was observed in all treated groups and femoral BMD, BMC were higher in BIO, BIO + D3 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups. The BIO + K2 rats had similar densitometrical values than OVX individuals. Microcomputed tomography revealed increased trabecular relative bone volume (due to an increase in trabecular number) in BIO + D3 , BIO + D3 + K2 as compared to OVX. The higher relative bone volume in BIO + D3 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups was also accompanied by an increase in bone surface. In the cortical bone, an enhanced periosteal bone apposition was identified in BIO, BIO + D3 , BIO + K2 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups. The rats from BIO + D3 + K2 group had a higher area of primary osteon's vascular canals. In BIO + D3 , BIO + K2 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups, an increased area of secondary osteons was determined in comparison with OVX. Our results indicate the beneficial effect of triple application of Biomin H® , vitamin D3 , vitamin K2 , as well as simultaneous administration of Biomin H® , vitamin D3 on the inhibition of ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Omelka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Monika Martiniakova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Karol Svik
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lukas Slovak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Payer
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty Hospital Ružinov, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Veronika Kovacova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Martina Babikova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marta Soltesova-Prnova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rehman R, Alam F, Baig M, Khan AH, Ahmed N. Editorial: Vitamin D Deficiency and Sufficiency in Reproduction and Bone Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:740021. [PMID: 34552565 PMCID: PMC8451175 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.740021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Rehana Rehman,
| | - Faiza Alam
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, University of Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aysha Habib Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang J, Liang D, Zhao A. Dietary Diversity and the Risk of Fracture in Adults: A Prospective Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3655. [PMID: 33261013 PMCID: PMC7761242 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition plays an important and modifiable role in bone health. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary diversity on the risk of any type of fracture in adults. Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey collected between waves 1997 and 2015 were used. A total of 10,192 adults aged 40 years and older were included in the analysis. Both dietary diversity score (DDS) based on Chinese dietary guidelines (DDS-CDG) and minimum dietary diversity for women (DDS-MDD-W) were computed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were conducted to determine the association. Stratified analyses were conducted in women by the age of fracture using the case-control study approach. In men, higher scores in both the DDS-CDG (hazard ratio (HR) 0.70, 95% CI 0.56-0.88) and DDS-MDD-W (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.54-0.82) were associated with decreased risk of fracture, however, the associations were not significant in women (DDS-CDG: HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.79-1.12; DDS-MDD-W: HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.79-1.09). In the stratified analyses, higher DDS-CDG (odds ratio (OR) 0.74, 95% CI 0.58-0.95) and higher DDS-MDD-W (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60-0.95) were associated with lower risks of fracture in women aged 40 to 60 years; in women aged over 60 years, no association was observed (DDS-CDG: OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.83-1.46; DDS-MDD-W: OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.79-1.27). In summary, higher dietary diversity was associated with decreased risk of fracture in men and middle-aged women, but not in women aged over 60 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dong Liang
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China;
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100091, China;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Misof BM, Blouin S, Hofstaetter JG, Roschger P, Zwerina J, Erben RG. No Role of Osteocytic Osteolysis in the Development and Recovery of the Bone Phenotype Induced by Severe Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Vitamin D Receptor Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7989. [PMID: 33121142 PMCID: PMC7662929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteocytic osteolysis/perilacunar remodeling is thought to contribute to the maintenance of mineral homeostasis. Here, we utilized a reversible, adult-onset model of secondary hyperparathyroidism to study femoral bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD) and osteocyte lacunae sections (OLS) based on quantitative backscattered electron imaging. Male mice with a non-functioning vitamin D receptor (VDRΔ/Δ) or wild-type mice were exposed to a rescue diet (RD) (baseline) and subsequently to a low calcium challenge diet (CD). Thereafter, VDRΔ/Δ mice received either the CD, a normal diet (ND), or the RD. At baseline, BMDD and OLS characteristics were similar in VDRΔ/Δ and wild-type mice. The CD induced large cortical pores, osteomalacia, and a reduced epiphyseal average degree of mineralization in the VDRΔ/Δ mice relative to the baseline (-9.5%, p < 0.05 after two months and -10.3%, p < 0.01 after five months of the CD). Switching VDRΔ/Δ mice on the CD back to the RD fully restored BMDD to baseline values. However, OLS remained unchanged in all groups of mice, independent of diet. We conclude that adult VDRΔ/Δ animals on an RD lack any skeletal abnormalities, suggesting that VDR signaling is dispensable for normal bone mineralization as long as mineral homeostasis is normal. Our findings also indicate that VDRΔ/Δ mice attempt to correct a calcium challenge by enhanced osteoclastic resorption rather than by osteocytic osteolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M. Misof
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Deptartment, Hanusch Hospital, 11140 Vienna, Austria; (S.B.); (J.G.H.); (P.R.); (J.Z.)
| | - Stéphane Blouin
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Deptartment, Hanusch Hospital, 11140 Vienna, Austria; (S.B.); (J.G.H.); (P.R.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jochen G. Hofstaetter
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Deptartment, Hanusch Hospital, 11140 Vienna, Austria; (S.B.); (J.G.H.); (P.R.); (J.Z.)
- Michael Ogon Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedic Hospital Vienna Speising, 1130 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Roschger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Deptartment, Hanusch Hospital, 11140 Vienna, Austria; (S.B.); (J.G.H.); (P.R.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jochen Zwerina
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Deptartment, Hanusch Hospital, 11140 Vienna, Austria; (S.B.); (J.G.H.); (P.R.); (J.Z.)
| | - Reinhold G. Erben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim HA, Perrelli A, Ragni A, Retta F, De Silva TM, Sobey CG, Retta SF. Vitamin D Deficiency and the Risk of Cerebrovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040327. [PMID: 32316584 PMCID: PMC7222411 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been clearly linked to major chronic diseases associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and cancer. In particular, the cardiovascular system appears to be highly sensitive to vitamin D deficiency, as this may result in endothelial dysfunction and vascular defects via multiple mechanisms. Accordingly, recent research developments have led to the proposal that pharmacological interventions targeting either vitamin D deficiency or its key downstream effects, including defective autophagy and abnormal pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory responses, may be able to limit the onset and severity of major cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke and cerebrovascular malformations. Here we review the available evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in preventing or limiting the development of these cerebrovascular diseases, which are leading causes of disability and death all over the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ah Kim
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology and Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (H.A.K.); (T.M.D.S.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Andrea Perrelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy;
- CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Ragni
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.R.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Retta
- Oncological Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.R.); (F.R.)
| | - T. Michael De Silva
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology and Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (H.A.K.); (T.M.D.S.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology and Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (H.A.K.); (T.M.D.S.)
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Australia
- Correspondence: (C.G.S.); (S.F.R.); Tel.: +61-3-94791316 (C.G.S.); +39-011-6706426 (S.F.R.)
| | - Saverio Francesco Retta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy;
- CCM Italia Research Network, National Coordination Center at the Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Orbassano, 10043 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.G.S.); (S.F.R.); Tel.: +61-3-94791316 (C.G.S.); +39-011-6706426 (S.F.R.)
| |
Collapse
|