1
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Lohithakshamenon R, Prasanthkumar KP, Femina C, Sajith PK. Bond Strength and Interaction Energies in Togni Reagents: Insights from Molecular Electrostatic Potential-Based Parameters. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:727-737. [PMID: 38253016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Togni reagents and their analogs, classified as hypervalent iodine(III) complexes, serve as potent trifluoromethylation agents. The interplay of cis and trans factors plays a pivotal role in shaping their performance, affecting aspects such as bond strength, interaction energies, stability, and subsequent nucleophilic reactions. In this context, we propose the utilization of the molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) at the carbon atom (VC) of the I-CF3 moiety as a sensitive parameter to quantify the cis and trans influences in Togni-type reagents. Our study has shown that VC serves as a convenient probe for determining the heterolytic bond dissociation energy (BDE) and, consequently, assessing the reactivity of these reagents. Moreover, these parameters have been successfully applied to evaluate the strength of the σ-hole interactions with nucleophiles (Cl- and NMe3). Additionally, we provide insights into interactions of Togni reagents with Brønsted acids such as HCl and HSO3F, elucidating them in terms of MESP topological parameters. These findings yield valuable information about the electronic properties of hypervalent iodine reagents, particularly Togni-type reagents, offering the potential for optimizing structurally modified reagents with enhanced activity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavanal P Prasanthkumar
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam 682011, India
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2
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Winterson B, Patra T, Wirth T. Hypervalent Bromine(III) Compounds: Synthesis, Applications, Prospects. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1675-8404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHypervalent compounds play a prominent role in homogeneous oxidation catalysis. Despite the higher reactivity of hypervalent bromine compounds when compared to their isoelectronic iodine analogues, the corresponding λ3-bromanes are much less explored. This can be attributed to the discernible lack of convenient strategies for their synthesis. This short review highlights the available methods for the synthesis of various organo-λ3-bromanes, with a major focus on the recent developments and reactivities in the last few years. Additionally, limitations and future prospects of hypervalent bromine chemistry are discussed.1 Introduction2 Diaryl-λ3-bromanes3 Dialkyl-λ3-bromanes4 Dihetero-λ3-bromanes5 Alkenyl-λ3-bromanes6 Alkynyl-λ3-bromanes7 Conclusion and Prospects
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3
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Karandikar SS, Bhattacharjee A, Metze BE, Javaly N, Valente EJ, McCormick TM, Stuart DR. Orbital analysis of bonding in diarylhalonium salts and relevance to periodic trends in structure and reactivity. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6532-6540. [PMID: 35756513 PMCID: PMC9172531 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02332f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarylhalonium compounds provide new opportunities as reagents and catalysts in the field of organic synthesis. The three center, four electron (3c–4e) bond is a center piece of their reactivity, but structural variation among the diarylhaloniums, and in comparison with other λ3-iodanes, indicates that the model needs refinement for broader applicability. We use a combination of Density Functional Theory (DFT), Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) Theory, and X-ray structure data to correlate bonding and structure for a λ3-iodane and a series of diarylchloronium, bromonium, and iodonium salts, and their isoelectronic diarylchalcogen counterparts. This analysis reveals that the s-orbital on the central halogen atom plays a greater role in the 3c–4e bond than previously considered. Finally, we show that our revised bonding model and associated structures account for both kinetic and thermodynamic reactivity for both acyclic phenyl(mesityl)halonium and cyclic dibenzohalolium salts. A revised bonding model for diarylhalonium salts, that involves partial s-orbital contribution, provides new insight into periodic trends in structure and reactivity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avik Bhattacharjee
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Bryan E. Metze
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Nicole Javaly
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Edward J. Valente
- Department of Chemistry, University of Portland, Portland, OR 97203, USA
| | | | - David R. Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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4
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Dadkhah Aseman M, Nikravesh M, Abbasi A, Shahsavari HR. Oxidative Addition of a Hypervalent Iodine Compound to Cycloplatinated(II) Complexes for the C-O Bond Construction: Effect of Cyclometalated Ligands. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18822-18831. [PMID: 34855391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The complex [PtMe(Obpy)(OAc)2(H2O)], 2a, Obpy = 2,2'-bipyridine N-oxide, is prepared through the reaction of [PtMe(Obpy)(SMe2)], 1a, by 1 equiv of PhI(OAc)2 via an oxidative addition (OA) reaction. Pt(IV) complex 2a attends the process of C-O bond reductive elimination (RE) reaction to form methyl acetate and corresponding Pt(II) complex [Pt(Obpy)(OAc)(H2O)], 3a. The kinetic of OA and RE reactions are investigated by means of different spectroscopies. The obtained results show that the reaction rates of OA step of 1a are faster than its analogous complex [PtMe(ppy)(SMe2)], 1b, ppy = 2-phenylpyridine. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations signify that the OA reaction initiated by a nucleophilic attack of the platinum(II) central atom of 1b on the iodine(III) atom while it had commenced by a nucleophilic substitution reaction of coordinated SMe2 in 1a with a carbonyl oxygen atom of PhI(OAc)2. Our calculation revealed that the key step for 1a is an acetate transfer from the I(III) to Pt(II) through a formation of square pyramidal iodonium complex. This can be attributed to the more electron-withdrawing character of Obpy ligand than to ppy which reduces the nucleophilicity of Pt atom in 1a. Furthermore, 2a with electron-withdrawing Obpy ligand prone to C-O bond formation faster than complex [PtMe(ppy)(OAc)2(H2O)], 2b, with an electron-rich ppy ligand which conforms to the anticipation that REs occur faster on electron-poor metal centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Dadkhah Aseman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
| | - Mahshid Nikravesh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Alireza Abbasi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran 14155-6455, Iran
| | - Hamid R Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
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5
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Parida SK, Jaiswal S, Singh P, Murarka S. Multicomponent Synthesis of Biologically Relevant S-Aryl Dithiocarbamates Using Diaryliodonium Salts. Org Lett 2021; 23:6401-6406. [PMID: 34319121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free one-pot three-component annulation between diaryliodonium triflates, cyclic and acyclic aliphatic amines, and carbon disulfide providing a convenient and efficient access to biologically relevant S-aryl dithiocarbamates is developed. The reaction does not require metal, base, or any other additive and operates under mild and ambient conditions. This methodology is robust, scalable, and exhibits a broad substrate scope. The in silico analysis revealed that the majority of the compounds have a drug-likeness and good ADMET characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushanta K Parida
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sonal Jaiswal
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Priyanka Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sandip Murarka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342037, Rajasthan, India
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6
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Kervefors G, Kersting L, Olofsson B. Transition Metal-Free N-Arylation of Amino Acid Esters with Diaryliodonium Salts. Chemistry 2021; 27:5790-5795. [PMID: 33481266 PMCID: PMC8048889 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A transition metal-free approach for the N-arylation of amino acid derivatives has been developed. Key to this method is the use of unsymmetric diaryliodonium salts with anisyl ligands, which proved important to obtain high chemoselectivity and yields. The scope includes the transfer of both electron deficient, electron rich and sterically hindered aryl groups with a variety of different functional groups. Furthermore, a cyclic diaryliodonium salt was successfully employed in the arylation. The N-arylated products were obtained with retained enantiomeric excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Kervefors
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Leonard Kersting
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversitySE-106 91StockholmSweden
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7
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Sun TY, Chen K, Lin Q, You T, Yin P. Predicting the right mechanism for hypervalent iodine reagents by applying two types of hypervalent twist models: apical twist and equatorial twist. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6758-6762. [PMID: 33711091 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06692c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since hypervalent twist followed by reductive elimination is a general reaction pattern for hypervalent iodine reagents, mechanistic studies about the hypervalent twist step could provide significant guidance for experiments. Previous studies have shown that there are two types of hypervalent twist models, i.e. apical twist and equatorial twist. We applied both hypervalent twist models to explain the isomerization mechanism of two important electrophilic trifluoromethylating reagents, Togni I and Togni II. Up to now, there are less detailed studies about the different hypervalent twist modes between both reagents. Here, we successfully identified Togni II's isomerization pathway via equatorial twist, and suggested that different hypervalent twist models should be considered to predict the right mechanisms of reactions with hypervalent iodine reagents participating. This study will also be helpful to design new Togni type reagents with higher intrinsic reactivity and stability by avoiding the formation of acyclic by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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8
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Reinhard DL, Heinen F, Stoesser J, Engelage E, Huber SM. Tuning the Halogen Bonding Strength of Cyclic Diaryliodonium Salts. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik L. Reinhard
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 DE 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Flemming Heinen
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 DE 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Julian Stoesser
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 DE 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Elric Engelage
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 DE 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 DE 44801 Bochum Germany
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9
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Jakubowski R, Pietrzak A, Friedli AC, Kaszyński P. C(1)-Phenethyl Derivatives of [closo-1-CB 11 H 12 ] - and [closo-1-CB 9 H 10 ] - Anions: Difunctional Building Blocks for Molecular Materials. Chemistry 2020; 26:17481-17494. [PMID: 32776629 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
C(1)-vinylation of [closo-1-CB9 H10 ]- (A) and [closo-1-CB11 H12 ]- (B) with 4-benzyloxystyryl iodide followed by hydrogenation of the double bond and reductive deprotection of the phenol functionality led to C(1)-(4-hydroxyphenethyl) derivatives. The phenol functionality was protected as the acetate. The esters were then treated with PhI(OAc)2 and the resulting isomers were separated kinetically (for derivatives of anion A) or by chromatography (for derivatives of anion B) giving the difunctionalized building blocks in overall yields of 9 % and 50 %, respectively. A similar series of reactions was performed starting with anions A and B and 4-methoxystyryl bromide and iodide. Significant differences in the reactivity of derivatives of the two carborane anions were rationalized with DFT computational results. Application of the difunctionalized carboranes as building blocks was demonstrated through preparation of two ionic liquid crystals. The extensive synthetic work is accompanied by single crystal XRD analysis of six derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Jakubowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of, Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland.,Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Anna Pietrzak
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA.,Faculty of Chemistry, Łódź University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Łódź, Poland
| | - Andrienne C Friedli
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Piotr Kaszyński
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of, Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363, Łódź, Poland.,Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA.,Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403, Łódź, Poland
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10
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Wang Y, Wu ZG, Yang B, Wu XX. Recent Application of Chiral Aryliodine Based on the 2-Iodoresorcinol Core in Asymmetric Catalysis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChiral iodoarenes have been steadily increasing in importance in recent years, especially in enantioselective synthesis and catalysis. Since the development of the concept of chiral iodine(I/III) catalysis, the use of various chiral aryliodine frameworks has been explored in this area. This short review gives an overview of the use of chiral hypervalent iodine(I/III) reagents based on the 2-iodoresorcinol core with two attached two lactic side chains bearing ester or amide groups for the catalytic enantioselective dearomatization of phenol compounds, asymmetric oxidation of alkenes, and enantioselective α-functionalization of carbonyl compounds highlighting the excellent reactivities in terms of yield and enantioselectivity.1 Introduction2 Enantioselective Dearomatization of Phenol Derivatives3 Asymmetric Oxidation of Alkenes4 Enantioselective α-Functionalization of Carbonyl Compounds5 Conclusion and Outlook
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11
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Calvo R, Le Tellier A, Nauser T, Rombach D, Nater D, Katayev D. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of a Hypervalent-Iodine-Based Nitrooxylating Reagent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17162-17168. [PMID: 32530081 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis and characterization of a hypervalent-iodine-based reagent that enables a direct and selective nitrooxylation of enolizable C-H bonds to access a broad array of organic nitrate esters is reported. This compound is bench stable, easy-to-handle, and delivers the nitrooxy (-ONO2 ) group under mild reaction conditions. Activation of the reagent by Brønsted and Lewis acids was demonstrated in the synthesis of nitrooxylated β-keto esters, 1,3-diketones, and malonates, while its activity under photoredox catalysis was shown in the synthesis of nitrooxylated oxindoles. Detailed mechanistic studies including pulse radiolysis, Stern-Volmer quenching studies, and UV/Vis spectroelectrochemistry reveal a unique single-electron-transfer (SET)-induced concerted mechanistic pathway not reliant upon generation of the nitrate radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxan Calvo
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Le Tellier
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Nauser
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Rombach
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Darryl Nater
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Calvo R, Le Tellier A, Nauser T, Rombach D, Nater D, Katayev D. Synthese, Charakterisierung und Reaktivität eines Nitrooxylierungsreagenzes basierend auf einer hypervalenten Iodverbindung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxan Calvo
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Antoine Le Tellier
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Schweiz
| | - Thomas Nauser
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - David Rombach
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Darryl Nater
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Schweiz
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13
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Zhang J, Qi L, Li S, Xiang S, Tan B. Direct Construction of
NOBINs
via
Domino Arylation and Sigmatropic Rearrangement Reactions. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji‐Wei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Liang‐Wen Qi
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Shaoyu Li
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Shao‐Hua Xiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Bin Tan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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14
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Hokamp T, Wirth T. Hypervalent Iodine(III)-Catalysed Enantioselective α-Acetoxylation of Ketones. Chemistry 2020; 26:10417-10421. [PMID: 32233006 PMCID: PMC7496773 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An enantioselective catalytic synthesis of α-acetoxylated ketones through I(I)/I(III) catalysis using a resorcinol/lactamide-based chiral iodoarene is reported. Catalyst turnover by in situ generation of the active iodine(III) derivative is achieved by oxidation with mCPBA in the presence of acetic acid. The prior transformation of ketones to easily accessible acetyl enol ethers is beneficial and yields up to 97 % with enantioselectivities up to 88 % ee are obtained using only low catalyst loadings of only 5 mol % under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hokamp
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCardiffCF10 3ATUK
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15
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Zhao R, Shi L. Reactions between Diazo Compounds and Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12282-12292. [PMID: 32424900 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective "cut and sew" transformations employing diazo compounds and hypervalent iodine(III) compounds involve the departure of leaving groups, a "cut" process, followed by a reorganization of the fragments by bond formation, a "sew" process. Bearing controllable cleavage sites, diazo compounds and hypervalent iodine(III) compounds play a critical role as versatile reagents in a wide range of organic transformations because their excellent nucleofugality allows for a large number of unusual reactions to occur. In recent years, the combination of diazo compounds and hypervalent iodine(III) reagents has emerged as a promising tool for developing new and valuable approaches, and has met considerable success. In this Minireview, this combination is systematically illustrated with recent advances in the field, with the aim of elaborating the synthetic utility and potential of this concept as a powerful strategy in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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16
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Jacob L, Rzeszotarska E, Pietrzak A, Young VG, Kaszyński P. Synthesis, Structural Analysis, and Functional Group Interconversion in the [
closo
‐B
10
H
8
‐1,10‐X
2
]
2
–
(X = CN, [OCRNMe
2
]
+
, OCOR, and [OH
2
]
+
) Derivatives. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Litwin Jacob
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
| | - Edyta Rzeszotarska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
| | - Anna Pietrzak
- Department of Chemistry Łódź University of Technology Żeromskiego 116 90‐924 Łódź Poland
- Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State University 37130 Murfreesboro TN USA
| | - Victor G. Young
- Department of Chemistry University of Minnesota 55455 Twin Cities MN USA
| | - Piotr Kaszyński
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
- Department of Chemistry Middle Tennessee State University 37130 Murfreesboro TN USA
- Faculty of Chemistry University of Łódź Tamka 12 91‐403 Łódź Poland
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17
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Zhao R, Shi L. Reactions between Diazo Compounds and Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhao
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
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18
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Granados A, Jia Z, del Olmo M, Vallribera A. In situ Generation of Hypervalent Iodine Reagents for the Electrophilic Chlorination of Arenes. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Granados
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Zhiyu Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Marc del Olmo
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
| | - Adelina Vallribera
- Department of Chemistry and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193 Barcelona Spain
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19
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Przypis L, Walczak KZ. Copper(II)-Catalyzed Iodinations of Carbazoles: Access to Functionalized Carbazoles. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2287-2296. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Przypis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zdzislaw Walczak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
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20
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Hyatt IFD, Dave L, David N, Kaur K, Medard M, Mowdawalla C. Hypervalent iodine reactions utilized in carbon–carbon bond formations. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:7822-7848. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01267b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This review covers recent developments of hypervalent iodine chemistry in dearomatizations, radicals, hypervalent iodine-guided electrophilic substitution, arylations, photoredox, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Loma Dave
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Adelphi University
- Garden City
- USA
| | - Navindra David
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Adelphi University
- Garden City
- USA
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Adelphi University
- Garden City
- USA
| | - Marly Medard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Adelphi University
- Garden City
- USA
| | - Cyrus Mowdawalla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Adelphi University
- Garden City
- USA
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21
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Kervefors G, Becker A, Dey C, Olofsson B. Metal-free formal synthesis of phenoxazine. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1491-1497. [PMID: 30013676 PMCID: PMC6036965 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A transition metal-free formal synthesis of phenoxazine is presented. The key step of the sequence is a high-yielding O-arylation of a phenol with an unsymmetrical diaryliodonium salt to provide an ortho-disubstituted diaryl ether. This species was cyclized to acetylphenoxazine in moderate yield. The overall yield in the three-step sequence is 72% based on recovered diaryl ether. An interesting, unusually stable iodine(III) intermediate in the O-arylation was observed by NMR and could be converted to the product upon longer reaction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Kervefors
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106-91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonia Becker
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106-91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chandan Dey
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106-91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106-91 Stockholm, Sweden
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22
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Pike VW. Hypervalent aryliodine compounds as precursors for radiofluorination. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:196-227. [PMID: 28981159 PMCID: PMC10081107 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 2 decades or so, hypervalent iodine compounds, such as diaryliodonium salts and aryliodonium ylides, have emerged as useful precursors for labeling homoarenes and heteroarenes with no-carrier-added cyclotron-produced [18 F]fluoride ion (t1/2 = 109.8 min). They permit rapid and effective radiofluorination at electron-rich as well as electron-deficient aryl rings, and often with unrestricted choice of ring position. Consequently, hypervalent aryliodine compounds have found special utility as precursors to various small-molecule 18 F-labeling synthons and to many radiotracers for biomedical imaging with positron emission tomography. This review summarizes this advance in radiofluorination chemistry, with emphasis on precursor synthesis, radiofluorination mechanism, method scope, and method application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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23
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Aseman MD, Nabavizadeh SM, Niroomand Hosseini F, Wu G, Abu-Omar MM. Carbon–Oxygen Bond Forming Reductive Elimination from Cycloplatinated(IV) Complexes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Dadkhah Aseman
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71467-13565, Iran
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - S. Masoud Nabavizadeh
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71467-13565, Iran
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Fatemeh Niroomand Hosseini
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz 71993-37635, Iran
| | - Guang Wu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Mahdi M. Abu-Omar
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
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24
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25
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Stridfeldt E, Lindstedt E, Reitti M, Blid J, Norrby P, Olofsson B. Competing Pathways in O-Arylations with Diaryliodonium Salts: Mechanistic Insights. Chemistry 2017; 23:13249-13258. [PMID: 28792102 PMCID: PMC5639379 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic study of arylations of aliphatic alcohols and hydroxide with diaryliodonium salts, to give alkyl aryl ethers and diaryl ethers, has been performed using experimental techniques and DFT calculations. Aryne intermediates have been trapped, and additives to avoid by-product formation originating from arynes have been found. An alcohol oxidation pathway was observed in parallel to arylation; this is suggested to proceed by an intramolecular mechanism. Product formation pathways via ligand coupling and arynes have been compared, and 4-coordinated transition states were found to be favored in reactions with alcohols. Furthermore, a novel, direct nucleophilic substitution pathway has been identified in reactions with electron-deficient diaryliodonium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Stridfeldt
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Erik Lindstedt
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Marcus Reitti
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Jan Blid
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University106 91StockholmSweden
| | - Per‐Ola Norrby
- Pharmaceutical SciencesAstraZeneca Gothenburg431 83MölndalSweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department of Organic ChemistryArrhenius LaboratoryStockholm University106 91StockholmSweden
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26
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Lee YS, Chun JH, Hodošček M, Pike VW. Crystal Structures of Diaryliodonium Fluorides and Their Implications for Fluorination Mechanisms. Chemistry 2017; 23:4353-4363. [PMID: 28145069 PMCID: PMC5687088 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The radiofluorination of diaryliodonium salts is of value for producing radiotracers for positron emission tomography. We report crystal structures for two diaryliodonium fluorides. Whereas diphenyliodonium fluoride (1 a) exists as a tetramer bridged by four fluoride ions, 2-methylphenyl(phenyl)iodonium fluoride (2 a) forms a fluoride-bridged dimer that is further halogen bonded to two other monomers. We discuss the topological relationships between the two and their implications for fluorination in solution. Both radiofluorination and NMR spectroscopy show that thermolysis of 2 a gives 2-fluorotoluene and fluorobenzene in a 2 to 1 ratio that is in good agreement with the ratio observed from the radiofluorination of 2-methylphenyl(phenyl)iodonium chloride (2 b). The constancy of the product ratio affirms that the fluorinations occur via the same two rapidly interconverting transition states whose energy difference dictates chemoselectivity. From quantum chemical studies with density functional theory we attribute the "ortho-effect" to the favorable electrostatic interaction between the incoming fluoride and the o-methyl in the transition state. By utilizing the crystal structures of 1 a and 2 a, the mechanisms of fluoroarene formation from diaryliodonium fluorides in their monomeric, homodimeric, heterodimeric, and tetrameric states were also investigated. We propose that oligomerization energy dictates whether the fluorination occurs through a monomeric or an oligomeric pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sok Lee
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Office of Intramural Research, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Building 12A, Rm 2049, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joong-Hyun Chun
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rm. B3C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Present address: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, 03722, South Korea
| | - Milan Hodošček
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rm. B3C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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27
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Chen S, Yang L, Yi D, Fu Q, Zhang Z, Liang W, Zhang Q, Ji J, Wei W. Transition-metal-free PhI(OAc)2-promoted highly selective hydroboration of terminal alkynes under air. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03680a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A new transition-metal-free PhI(OAc)2-promoted highly selective hydroboration of terminal alkynes with bis(pinacolato)diboron has been developed at room temperature under air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyuan Chen
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Lu Yang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Dong Yi
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qiang Fu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Wu Liang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Jianxin Ji
- Chengdu Institute of Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Wei Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu 273165
- China
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28
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Chatterjee N, Goswami A. Diverse Transformations of Boronic Compounds Promoted by Hypervalent Organoiodines(III): Unique Combined Reactivity of Two Electrophilic Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nachiketa Chatterjee
- Indian Institute of Technology Ropar; Nangal Road Rupnagar, Punjab - 140001 India
| | - Avijit Goswami
- Indian Institute of Technology Ropar; Nangal Road Rupnagar, Punjab - 140001 India
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29
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Seidl TL, Sundalam SK, McCullough B, Stuart DR. Unsymmetrical Aryl(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)iodonium Salts: One-Pot Synthesis, Scope, Stability, and Synthetic Studies. J Org Chem 2016; 81:1998-2009. [PMID: 26828570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diaryliodonium salts have recently attracted significant attention as metal-free-arylation reagents in organic synthesis, and efficient access to these salts is critical for advancement of their use in reaction discovery and development. The trimethoxybenzene-derived auxiliary is a promising component of unsymmetrical variants, yet access remains limited. Here, a one-pot synthesis of aryl(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)iodonium salts from aryl iodides, m-CPBA, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and trimethoxybenzene is described. Optimization of the reaction conditions for this one-pot synthesis was enabled by the method of multivariate analysis. The reaction is fast (<1 h), provides a high yield of product (>85% average), and has broad substrate scope (>25 examples) including elaborate aryl iodides. The utility of these reagents is demonstrated in moderate to high yielding arylation reactions with C-, N-, O-, and S-nucleophiles including the synthesis of a liquid crystal molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Seidl
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Sunil K Sundalam
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Brennen McCullough
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - David R Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University , Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
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30
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Dey C, Lindstedt E, Olofsson B. Metal-Free C-Arylation of Nitro Compounds with Diaryliodonium Salts. Org Lett 2015; 17:4554-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Dey
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Lindstedt
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Stellenbosch
Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Marais Street, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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31
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Kita Y, Dohi T. Pioneering Metal-Free Oxidative Coupling Strategy of Aromatic Compounds Using Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. CHEM REC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Kita
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; 1-1-1 Nojihigashi Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577 Japan
| | - Toshifumi Dohi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; 1-1-1 Nojihigashi Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577 Japan
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32
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Tinnis F, Stridfeldt E, Lundberg H, Adolfsson H, Olofsson B. Metal-free N-arylation of secondary amides at room temperature. Org Lett 2015; 17:2688-91. [PMID: 25966029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The arylation of secondary acyclic amides has been achieved with diaryliodonium salts under mild and metal-free conditions. The methodology has a wide scope, allows synthesis of tertiary amides with highly congested aryl moieties, and avoids the regioselectivity problems observed in reactions with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Tinnis
- †Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elin Stridfeldt
- †Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Lundberg
- †Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Adolfsson
- †Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Berit Olofsson
- †Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,‡Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Study (STIAS), Wallenberg Research Centre at Stellenbosch University, Marais Street, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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33
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Hu B, Miller WH, Neumann KD, Linstad EJ, DiMagno SG. An alternative to the Sandmeyer approach to aryl iodides. Chemistry 2015; 21:6394-8. [PMID: 25757054 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Iodoarenes are important synthons for a wide range of organic transformations. Here we report a general strategy to prepare singly iodinated electron-rich aromatic compounds through the intermediacy of diaryliodonium salts. This process, which incorporates a phase separation that greatly simplifies product purification, is an attractive replacement for the Sandmeyer approach to iodoarenes that are otherwise difficult to access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304 (USA); Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014 (China)
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34
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Bartashevich EV, Tsirelson VG. Interplay between non-covalent interactions in complexes and crystals with halogen bonds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Sala O, Lüthi HP, Togni A. The solvent effect on two competing reaction mechanisms involving hypervalent iodine reagents (λ(3)-iodanes): facing the limit of the stationary quantum chemical approach. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:2122-31. [PMID: 25220398 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Trifluoromethylation of acetonitrile with 3,3-dimethyl-1-(trifluoromethyl)-1λ(3),2- benziodoxol is assumed to occur via reductive elimination (RE) of the electrophilic CF3-ligand and MeCN bound to the hypervalent iodine. Computations in gas phase showed that the reaction might also occur via an SN2 mechanism. There is a substantial solvent effect present for both reaction mechanisms, and their energies of activation are very sensitive toward the solvent model used (implicit, microsolvation, and cluster-continuum). With polarizable continuum model-based methods, the SN2 mechanism becomes less favorable. Applying the cluster-continuum model, using a shell of solvent molecules derived from ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, the gap between the two activation barriers ( ΔΔG‡) is lowered to a few kcal mol(-1) and also shows that the activation entropies (ΔS‡) and volumes (ΔV‡) for the two mechanisms differ substantially. A quantitative assessment of ΔΔG‡ will therefore only be possible using AIMD. A natural bond orbital-analysis gives further insight into the activation of the CF3-reagent by protonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Sala
- ETH Zurich, Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; ETH Zurich, Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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36
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Mizar P, Laverny A, El-Sherbini M, Farid U, Brown M, Malmedy F, Wirth T. Enantioselective diamination with novel chiral hypervalent iodine catalysts. Chemistry 2014; 20:9910-3. [PMID: 25042733 PMCID: PMC4736455 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Vicinal diamines constitute one the most important functional motif in organic chemistry because of its wide occurrence in a variety of biological and pharmaceutical molecules. We report an efficient metal‐free, highly stereoselective intramolecular diamination using a novel chiral hypervalent iodine reagent together with its application as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of diamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpak Mizar
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff, CF10 3AT (UK), Fax: (+44) 29-2087-6968
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37
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Chai Z, Wang B, Chen JN, Yang G. Arylation of Azlactones using Diaryliodonium Bromides and Silver Carbonate: Facile Access to α-Tetrasubstituted Amino Acid Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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38
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Mizar P, Wirth T. Flexible Stereoselective Functionalizations of Ketones through Umpolung with Hypervalent Iodine Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:5993-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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39
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Mizar P, Wirth T. Flexible stereoselektive Funktionalisierung von Ketonen durch Umpolung mit hypervalenten Iodreagentien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201400405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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40
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Han H, Tsarevsky NV. Employing exchange reactions involving hypervalent iodine compounds for the direct synthesis of azide-containing linear and branched polymers. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02254h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Azide-containing polymers were prepared by one-pot polymerizations initiated by azide radicals produced by ligand exchange reactions involving hypervalent iodine(iii) compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhang Han
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Drug Discovery, Design
- Delivery in Dedman College
- Southern Methodist University
- Dallas, USA
| | - Nicolay V. Tsarevsky
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Drug Discovery, Design
- Delivery in Dedman College
- Southern Methodist University
- Dallas, USA
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41
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Malmgren J, Santoro S, Jalalian N, Himo* F, Olofsson B. Arylation with unsymmetrical diaryliodonium salts: a chemoselectivity study. Chemistry 2013; 19:10334-42. [PMID: 23788251 PMCID: PMC3884774 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phenols, anilines, and malonates have been arylated under metal-free conditions with twelve aryl(phenyl)iodonium salts in a systematic chemoselectivity study. A new "anti-ortho effect" has been identified in the arylation of malonates. Several "dummy groups" have been found that give complete chemoselectivity in the transfer of the phenyl moiety, irrespective of the nucleophile. An aryl exchange in the diaryliodonium salts has been observed under certain arylation conditions. DFT calculations have been performed to investigate the reaction mechanism and to elucidate the origins of the observed selectivities. These results are expected to facilitate the design of chiral diaryliodonium salts and the development of catalytic arylation reactions that are based on these sustainable and metal-free reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Malmgren
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University106 91 Stockholm (Sweden) Fax: (+46) 8-154908 E-mail:
| | - Stefano Santoro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University106 91 Stockholm (Sweden) Fax: (+46) 8-154908 E-mail:
| | - Nazli Jalalian
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University106 91 Stockholm (Sweden) Fax: (+46) 8-154908 E-mail:
| | - Fahmi Himo*
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University106 91 Stockholm (Sweden) Fax: (+46) 8-154908 E-mail:
| | - Berit Olofsson
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University106 91 Stockholm (Sweden) Fax: (+46) 8-154908 E-mail:
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42
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Uyanik M, Yasui T, Ishihara K. Hydrogen Bonding and Alcohol Effects in Asymmetric Hypervalent Iodine Catalysis: Enantioselective Oxidative Dearomatization of Phenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201303559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Uyanik
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo‐cho, Chikusa‐ku, Nagoya 464‐8603 (Japan) http://www.ishihara‐lab.net/
| | - Takeshi Yasui
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo‐cho, Chikusa‐ku, Nagoya 464‐8603 (Japan) http://www.ishihara‐lab.net/
| | - Kazuaki Ishihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo‐cho, Chikusa‐ku, Nagoya 464‐8603 (Japan) http://www.ishihara‐lab.net/
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), CREST (Japan)
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43
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Sajith PK, Suresh CH. Trans and Cis Influences in Hypervalent Iodine(III) Complexes: A DFT Study. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:6046-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ic400399v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Sajith
- Chemical Sciences and Technology
Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, India 695 019
| | - Cherumuttathu H. Suresh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology
Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum, India 695 019
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44
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Toh QY, McNally A, Vera S, Erdmann N, Gaunt MJ. Organocatalytic C–H Bond Arylation of Aldehydes to Bis-heteroaryl Ketones. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3772-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja400051d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yan Toh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Andrew McNally
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Silvia Vera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Nico Erdmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Gaunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
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45
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Kalpogiannaki D, Martini CI, Nikopoulou A, Nyxas JA, Pantazi V, Hadjiarapoglou LP. Fused dihydrofurans from the one-pot, three-component reaction of 1,3-cyclohexanedione, iodobenzene diacetate and alkenes. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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46
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Singh FV, Rehbein J, Wirth T. Facile oxidative rearrangements using hypervalent iodine reagents. ChemistryOpen 2012; 1:245-50. [PMID: 24551514 PMCID: PMC3922481 DOI: 10.1002/open.201200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aromatic substituents migrate in a novel oxidative cyclization mediated by iodine(III) reagents. 4-Arylbut-3-enoic acids are cyclized and rearranged to 4-arylfuran-2(5H)-ones by hypervalent iodine compounds in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. Other ring sizes are also accessible. The mechanism of the reaction is described in detail, and calculations highlight the cationic nature of the intermediates in the rearrangement. The fast access to heavily substituted furanones is used for the synthesis of biologically active derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateh V Singh
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT (United Kingdom) E-mail:
| | - Julia Rehbein
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT (United Kingdom) E-mail:
| | - Thomas Wirth
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Park Place, Main Building, Cardiff CF10 3AT (United Kingdom) E-mail:
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47
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Khatri HR, Zhu J. Synthesis of Complexortho-Allyliodoarenes by Employing the Reductive Iodonio-Claisen Rearrangement. Chemistry 2012; 18:12232-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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48
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Brand JP, Chevalley C, Scopelliti R, Waser J. Ethynyl Benziodoxolones for the Direct Alkynylation of Heterocycles: Structural Requirement, Improved Procedure for Pyrroles, and Insights into the Mechanism. Chemistry 2012; 18:5655-66. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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49
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Chun JH, Pike VW. Regiospecific syntheses of functionalized diaryliodonium tosylates via [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]arenes generated in situ from (diacetoxyiodo)arenes. J Org Chem 2012; 77:1931-8. [PMID: 22276914 PMCID: PMC3288786 DOI: 10.1021/jo202517v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ready access to (18)F-labeled aryl synthons is required for preparing novel radiotracers for molecular imaging with positron emission tomography. Diaryliodonium salts react with cyclotron-produced no-carrier-added [(18)F]fluoride ion to produce [(18)F]aryl fluorides. We aimed to prepare functionalized diaryliodonium salts to serve as potential precursors for producing useful (18)F-labeled aryl synthons, such as (18)F-labeled halomethylbenzenes, benzaldehydes, and benzoic acid esters. Such salts were designed to have one functionalized aryl ring, one relatively electron-rich ring, such as 4-methoxyphenyl or 2-thienyl, and a nonfluorine containing weakly nucleophilic anion. Generation of a [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]arene from a functionalized (diacetoxyiodo)arene in situ followed by treatment with an electron-rich arene, such as anisole or thiophene, or with a functionalized arylstannane gave expedient regiospecific access to a wide range of functionally diverse diaryliodonium tosylates in moderate to high yields (44-98%). The described methodology broadens the scope for producing new functionalized diaryliodonium salts for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Hyun Chun
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rm. B3 C346A, Building 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003, USA
| | - Victor W. Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rm. B3 C346A, Building 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1003, USA
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50
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Farid U, Wirth T. Stereoselektive metallfreie Oxyaminierungen mit chiralen hypervalenten Iodreagentien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201107703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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