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Nayek U, Shenoy TN, Abdul Salam AA. Data mining of arsenic-based small molecules geometrics present in Cambridge structural database. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 360:142349. [PMID: 38763400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic, ubiquitous in various industrial processes and consumer products, presents both essential functions and considerable toxicity risks, driving extensive research into safer applications. Our investigation, drawing from 7182 arsenic-containing molecules in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD), outlines their diverse bonding patterns. Notably, 51% of these molecules exhibit cyclic connections, while 49% display acyclic ones. Arsenic forms eight distinct bonding types with other elements, with significant interactions observed, particularly with phenyl rings, O3 and F6 moieties. Top interactions involve carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, sulfur, and arsenic itself. We meticulously evaluated average bond lengths under three conditions: without an R-factor cut-off, with R-factor ≤0.075, and with R-factor ≤0.05, supporting the credibility of our results. Comparative analysis with existing literature data enriches our understanding of arsenic's bonding behaviour. Our findings illuminate the structural attributes, molecular coordination, geometry, and bond lengths of arsenic with 68 diverse atoms, enriching our comprehension of arsenic chemistry. These revelations not only offer a pathway for crafting innovative and safer arsenic-based compounds but also foster the evolution of arsenic detoxification mechanisms, tackling pivotal health and environmental challenges linked to arsenic exposure across different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Nayek
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Thripthi Nagesh Shenoy
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Ajees Abdul Salam
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, Karnataka, India.
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Construction of arsenic-metal complexes loaded nanodrugs for solid tumor therapy: A mini review. Int J Pharm 2020; 583:119385. [PMID: 32376447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3), a front-line therapeutic agent against acute promyelocytic leukemia, has a broad spectrum against malignancies. Unfortunately, the clinical application of As2O3 in treating hematological cancers has not been transformed to solid tumors, for its dose-limited toxicity and undesirable pharmacokinetics. The ordinary As2O3 loaded nanodrugs (such as liposomes, polymer micelles, albumin-based nanodrugs, and silica-based nanodrugs, etc.) still could not fuel up pharmaceuticals and eradicate toxicity for low delivery efficiency caused by the instability and severe drug leakage of formulations during circulation. Recently, the approach of forming and delivering arsenic-metal complexes which will dissociate in the tumoral environment caught our mind. This is the most effective strategy to reduce drug leakage in circulation and accumulate arsenite ions in tumor sites, therefore promote the anti-tumor effect and lighten the toxicity of the drug. This review aims to explain the formation mechanism of arsenic-metal nanocomposites and summarize the constructing strategies of the arsenic-metal nanocomplexes (arsenic-nickel, arsenic-manganese, arsenic-platinum, arsenic-gadolinium, arsenic-zinc, and arsenic-iron nanobins) loaded nanodrugs for solid tumor therapy. Furthermore, the expectations and challenges of arsenic-metal complexes containing nanodrugs for cancer therapy in the future were discussed.
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Tähtinen P, Guella G, Saielli G, Debitus C, Hnawia E, Mancini I. New Sulfur-Containing Polyarsenicals from the New Caledonian Sponge Echinochalina bargibanti. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16100382. [PMID: 30314382 PMCID: PMC6212947 DOI: 10.3390/md16100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenicin A (C₃H₆As₄O₃) was isolated from the New Caledonian poecilosclerid sponge Echinochalina bargibanti, and described as the first natural organic polyarsenic compound. Further bioguided fractionation of the extracts of this sponge led us to isolate the first sulfur-containing organic polyarsenicals ever found in Nature. These metabolites, called arsenicin B and arsenicin C, are built on a noradamantane-type framework that is characterized by an unusual As⁻As bonding. Extensive NMR measurements, in combination with mass spectra, enabled the assignment of the structure for arsenicin B (C₃H₆As₄S₂) as 2. The scarcity of arsenicin C and its intrinsic chemical instability only allowed the collection of partial spectral data, which prevented the full structural definition. After the extensive computational testing of several putative structures, structure 3 was inferred for arsenicin C (C₃H₆As₄OS) by comparing the experimental and density functional theory (DFT)-calculated ¹H and 13C NMR spectra. Finally, the absolute configurations of 2 and 3 were determined with a combined use of experimental and time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and observed specific rotations. These findings pose great challenges for the investigation of the biosynthesis of these metabolites and the cycle of arsenic in Nature. Arsenicins B and C showed strong antimicrobial activities, especially against S. aureus, which is comparable to the reference compound gentamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petri Tähtinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Graziano Guella
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioorganica, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Saielli
- Istituto CNR per la Tecnologia delle Membrane, Unità di Padova, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo, 1-35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Cécile Debitus
- LEMAR, IRD, UBO, CNRS, IFREMER, IUEM, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Edouard Hnawia
- Laboratoire Insulaire du Vivant et de l'Environnement, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie: EA 4243 BP 11106, 98802 Nouméa, Nouvelle-Calédonie, France.
| | - Ines Mancini
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioorganica, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy.
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Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic via Consumption of Herbs Collected in Thailand. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:8646579. [PMID: 30105074 PMCID: PMC6076897 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8646579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Total and inorganic arsenic contents in ten commonly consumed Thai herbs, namely, bird's eye chili, cayenne pepper, celery, garlic, holy basil, kitchen mint, lemongrass, pepper, shallot, and sweet basil, were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry coupled with a hydride generation system (HG-AAS). Total arsenic contents in fresh herbs and lyophilized herbs ranged from 3.39 to 119 ng/g wet weight (wet wt) and from 41.0 to 156 ng/g dry weight (dry wt), respectively. Inorganic arsenic contents in fresh herbs and lyophilized herbs ranged from 2.09 to 26.9 ng/g (wet wt) and from 23.5 to 55.5 ng/g (dry wt), respectively. Percentages of inorganic arsenic to total arsenic in herbs ranged from 22.7 to 62.0%. High percentages of inorganic arsenic to total arsenic were found in celery, lemongrass and sweet basil. Total arsenic contents in the studied herbs were lower than the maximum limits of Thai and Chinese regulatory standards, set at 2,000 ng/g in foods (excluding aquatic animals and seafood) and 500 ng/g in fresh vegetables, respectively. Total and inorganic arsenic contents in the studied herbs were comparable to or lower than the levels found in other studies in the EU and China. Lifetime average daily dose (LADD) and cancer risk (CR) of inorganic arsenic exposure to commonly consumed herbs were evaluated using probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) by @RISK software version 6.0 of Palisade cooperation. All calculated LADD and CR values from all herbs did not exceed the acceptable levels. It can be concluded that there were very low cancer risks of inorganic arsenic exposure from the consumption of the studied herbs.
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Novel Arsenic Nanoparticles Are More Effective and Less Toxic than As (III) to Inhibit Extracellular and Intracellular Proliferation of Leishmania donovani. J Parasitol Res 2014; 2014:187640. [PMID: 25614827 PMCID: PMC4295593 DOI: 10.1155/2014/187640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis, a vector-borne tropical disease that is threatening about 350 million people worldwide, is caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. Metalloids like arsenic and antimony have been used to treat diseases like leishmaniasis caused by the kinetoplastid parasites. Arsenic (III) at a relatively higher concentration (30 μg/mL) has been shown to have antileishmanial activity, but this concentration is reported to be toxic in several experimental mammalian systems. Nanosized metal (0) particles have been shown to be more effective than their higher oxidation state forms. There is no information so far regarding arsenic nanoparticles (As-NPs) as an antileishmanial agent. We have tested the antileishmanial properties of the As-NPs, developed for the first time in our laboratory. As-NPs inhibited the in vitro growth, oxygen consumption, infectivity, and intramacrophage proliferation of L. donovani parasites at a concentration which is about several fold lower than that of As (III). Moreover, this antileishmanial activity has comparatively less cytotoxic effect on the mouse macrophage cell line. It is evident from our findings that As-NPs have more potential than As (III) to be used as an antileishmanial agent.
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Sapra A, Ramadan D, Thorpe C. Multivalency in the inhibition of oxidative protein folding by arsenic(III) species. Biochemistry 2014; 54:612-21. [PMID: 25506675 PMCID: PMC4303313 DOI: 10.1021/bi501360e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
renewed use of arsenicals as chemotherapeutics has rekindled
interest in the biochemistry of As(III) species. In this work, simple
bis- and tris-arsenical derivatives were synthesized with the aim
of exploiting the chelate effect in the inhibition of thiol-disulfide
oxidoreductases (here, Quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase, QSOX, and protein
disulfide isomerase, PDI) that utilize two or more CxxC motifs in
the catalysis of oxidative protein folding. Coupling 4-aminophenylarsenoxide
(APAO) to acid chloride or anhydride derivatives yielded two bis-arsenical
prototypes, BA-1 and BA-2, and a tris-arsenical, TA-1. Unlike the
monoarsenical, APAO, these new reagents proved to be strong inhibitors
of oxidative protein folding in the presence of a realistic intracellular
concentration of competing monothiol (here, 5 mM reduced glutathione,
GSH). However, this inhibition does not reflect direct inactivation
of QSOX or PDI, but avid binding of MVAs to the reduced unfolded protein
substrates themselves. Titrations of reduced riboflavin-binding protein
with MVAs show that all 18 protein −SH groups can be captured
by these arsenicals. With reduced RNase, addition of substoichiometric
levels of MVAs is accompanied by the formation of Congo Red- and Thioflavin
T-positive fibrillar aggregates. Even with Kd values of ∼50 nM, MVAs are ineffective inhibitors
of PDI in the presence of millimolar levels of competing GSH. These
results underscore the difficulties of designing effective and specific
arsenical inhibitors for folded enzymes and proteins. Some of the
cellular effects of arsenicals likely reflect their propensity to
associate very tightly and nonspecifically to conformationally mobile
cysteine-rich regions of proteins, thereby interfering with folding
and/or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Sapra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Das B, Chaudhuri K. Amelioration of sodium arsenite induced toxicity by diallyl disulfide, a bioactive component of garlic: the involvement of antioxidants and the chelate effect. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00338a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Swindell EP, Hankins PL, Chen H, Miodragović ÐU, O'Halloran TV. Anticancer activity of small-molecule and nanoparticulate arsenic(III) complexes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:12292-304. [PMID: 24147771 PMCID: PMC3893798 DOI: 10.1021/ic401211u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Starting in ancient China and Greece, arsenic-containing compounds have been used in the treatment of disease for over 3000 years. They were used for a variety of diseases in the 20th century, including parasitic and sexually transmitted illnesses. A resurgence of interest in the therapeutic application of arsenicals has been driven by the discovery that low doses of a 1% aqueous solution of arsenic trioxide (i.e., arsenous acid) lead to complete remission of certain types of leukemia. Since Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) for treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in 2000, it has become a front-line therapy in this indication. There are currently over 100 active clinical trials involving inorganic arsenic or organoarsenic compounds registered with the FDA for the treatment of cancers. New generations of inorganic and organometallic arsenic compounds with enhanced activity or targeted cytotoxicity are being developed to overcome some of the shortcomings of arsenic therapeutics, namely, short plasma half-lives and a narrow therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elden P. Swindell
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
| | - Patrick L. Hankins
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
| | - Haimei Chen
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
| | - Ðenana U. Miodragović
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
| | - Thomas V. O'Halloran
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208-3113
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Dick LJ, Gray A, Ram A, Hume A, Parris C, Hogg PJ, Elliott MA, Ford SJ, Halbert GW. Elimination of the antimicrobial action of the organoarsenical cancer therapeutic, 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid, before finished product sterility testing. J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 65:1664-9. [PMID: 24102542 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Arsenical compounds have been used therapeutically for over 2000 years finding particular relevance as antimicrobials. After being replaced by more selective and consequently less toxic antibiotics in the last century, arsenicals have recently made a resurgence as anticancer drugs (specifically arsenic trioxide and its derivatives). Arsenical parenteral formulations require post-manufacture sterility testing; however, their intrinsic antimicrobial activity must be neutralised before testing to eliminate the possibility of false (no-growth) test results. METHODS A range of thiol-containing compounds was screened to establish a suitable deactivation agent for the novel organoarsenical compound, 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino) phenylarsonous acid (GSAO). Dimercatopropanol (DMP) was found to successful deactivate GSAO and was validated according to pharmacopoeial sterility test guidelines (specifically the method suitability test/sterility validation test). KEY FINDINGS DMP is an effective way of deactivating GSAO before sterility testing and can be used for pharmacopoeial sterility tests. Our results affirm previous research highlighting the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to arsenical compounds CONCLUSIONS A method of deactivating the arsenical drug GSAO before the post-manufacture sterility test was established and validated. DMP is a commonly used chelator/deactivation agent so this work may have implications for other inorganic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay J Dick
- Cancer Research UK Formulation Unit, Strathclyde Institute for Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Robertson Wing, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Sapra A, Thorpe C. An arsenical-maleimide for the generation of new targeted biochemical reagents. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2415-8. [PMID: 23384038 DOI: 10.1021/ja310553h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The finding that arsenic trioxide is an effective treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia has renewed interest in the pharmacological uses of inorganic and organic arsenicals. Here we synthesized and characterized the reactivity of an arsenical-maleimide (As-Mal) that can be efficiently conjugated to exposed cysteine residues in peptides and proteins with the ultimate goal of directing these As(III) species to vicinal thiols in susceptible targets within cells and tissues. As-Mal conjugated to a surface cysteine in thioredoxin provides a more potent inhibitor for Escherichia coli thioredoxin reductase than comparable simple inorganic or organic arsenicals. As-Mal can be coupled to all of the eight cysteine residues of reduced unfolded ribonuclease A or to site-specific locations using appropriate cysteine mutations. We observed particularly strong binding to the two CxxC motifs of protein disulfide isomerase using a mutant RNase in which As-Mal was specifically incorporated at residues 26 and 110. As-Mal will serve as a facile reagent for the incorporation of As(III) species into a wide range of thiol-containing proteins, biomaterials, and surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Sapra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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Patra M, Gasser G. Organometallic Compounds: An Opportunity for Chemical Biology? Chembiochem 2012; 13:1232-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Patra M, Gasser G, Metzler-Nolte N. Small organometallic compounds as antibacterial agents. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6350-8. [PMID: 22411216 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12460b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial resistance to commercial antibiotics is an issue of global importance. During the last two decades, the number of antibacterial agents that have been discovered and introduced into the market has steadily declined and failed to meet the challenges posed by rapidly increasing resistance of the pathogens against common antibacterial drugs. The development of new classes of compounds to control the virulence of the pathogens is therefore urgently required. This perspective describes the historical development in brief and recent advances on the preparation of small organometallic compounds as new classes of antibacterial agents with potential for clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malay Patra
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie I, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Potassium-encapsulated arsenic-dithiolato compounds: Synthesis, structural calculation, and biological relevance. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2011; 27:424-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Xu X, Truhlar DG. Accuracy of Effective Core Potentials and Basis Sets for Density Functional Calculations, Including Relativistic Effects, As Illustrated by Calculations on Arsenic Compounds. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:2766-79. [DOI: 10.1021/ct200234r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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Ahn RW, Chen F, Chen H, Stern ST, Clogston JD, Patri AK, Raja MR, Swindell EP, Parimi V, Cryns VL, O’Halloran TV. A novel nanoparticulate formulation of arsenic trioxide with enhanced therapeutic efficacy in a murine model of breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:3607-17. [PMID: 20519360 PMCID: PMC2943376 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical success of arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) in hematologic malignancies has not been replicated in solid tumors due to poor pharmacokinetics and dose-limiting toxicity. We have developed a novel nanoparticulate formulation of As(2)O(3) encapsulated in liposomal vesicles or "nanobins" [(NB(Ni,As)] to overcome these hurdles. We postulated that nanobin encapsulation of As(2)O(3) would improve its therapeutic index against clinically aggressive solid tumors, such as triple-negative breast carcinomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The cytotoxicity of NB(Ni,As), the empty nanobin, and free As(2)O(3) was evaluated against a panel of human breast cancer cell lines. The plasma pharmacokinetics of NB(Ni,As) and free As(2)O(3) were compared in rats to measure drug exposure. In addition, the antitumor activity of these agents was evaluated in an orthotopic model of human triple-negative breast cancer. RESULTS The NB(Ni,As) agent was much less cytotoxic in vitro than free As(2)O(3) against a panel of human breast cancer cell lines. In contrast, NB(Ni,As) dramatically potentiated the therapeutic efficacy of As(2)O(3) in vivo in an orthotopic model of triple-negative breast cancer. Reduced plasma clearance, enhanced tumor uptake, and induction of tumor cell apoptosis were observed for NB(Ni,As). CONCLUSIONS Nanobin encapsulation of As(2)O(3) improves the pharmacokinetics and antitumor efficacy of this cytotoxic agent in vivo. Our findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of this nanoscale agent and provide a foundation for future clinical studies in breast cancer and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W. Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Feng Chen
- Cell Death Regulation Laboratory, Departments of Medicine and Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Haimei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stephan T. Stern
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Jeffrey D. Clogston
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Anil K. Patri
- Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, Advanced Technology Program, SAIC-Frederick Inc., NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Meera R. Raja
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elden P. Swindell
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vamsi Parimi
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Pathology Core Facility, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Vincent L. Cryns
- Cell Death Regulation Laboratory, Departments of Medicine and Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Thomas V. O’Halloran
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Chen H, Pazicni S, Krett NL, Ahn RW, Penner-Hahn JE, Rosen ST, O'Halloran TV. Coencapsulation of arsenic- and platinum-based drugs for targeted cancer treatment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:9295-9. [PMID: 19894238 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haimei Chen
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Tsai SL, Singh S, Chen W. Arsenic metabolism by microbes in nature and the impact on arsenic remediation. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2009; 20:659-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2009] [Revised: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chen H, Pazicni S, Krett N, Ahn R, Penner-Hahn J, Rosen S, O'Halloran T. Coencapsulation of Arsenic- and Platinum-based Drugs for Targeted Cancer Treatment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen H, Ahn R, Van den Bossche J, Thompson DH, O'Halloran TV. Folate-mediated intracellular drug delivery increases the anticancer efficacy of nanoparticulate formulation of arsenic trioxide. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8:1955-63. [PMID: 19567824 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-09-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) is a frontline drug for treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia and is in clinical trials for treatment of other malignancies, including multiple myeloma; however, efforts to expand clinical utility to solid tumors have been limited by toxicity. Nanoparticulate forms of As(2)O(3) encapsulated in 100-nm-scale, folate-targeted liposomes have been developed to lower systematic toxicity and provide a platform for targeting this agent. The resultant arsenic "nanobins" are stable under physiologic conditions but undergo triggered drug release when the pH is lowered to endosomal/lysosomal levels. Cellular uptake and antitumor efficacy of these arsenic liposomes have been evaluated in folate receptor (FR)-positive human nasopharyngeal (KB) and cervix (HeLa) cells, as well as FR-negative human breast (MCF-7) tumor cells through confocal microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, and cytotoxicity studies. Uptake of folate-targeted liposomal arsenic by KB cells was three to six times higher than that of free As(2)O(3) or nontargeted liposomal arsenic; the enhanced uptake occurs through folate-mediated endocytosis, leading to a 28-fold increase in cytotoxicity. In contrast, tumor cells with lower FR density on the surface (HeLa and MCF-7) showed much less uptake of the folate-targeted drug and lower efficacy. In cocultures of KB and MCF-7 cells, the folate-targeted arsenic liposomes were exclusively internalized by KB cells, showing high targeting specificity. Our studies further indicate that folate-targeted delivery of As(2)O(3) with coencapsulated nickel(II) ions (as a nontoxic adjuvant) potentiates the As(2)O(3) efficacy in relatively insensitive solid tumor-derived cells and holds the promise of improving drug therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Ramadan D, Rancy PC, Nagarkar RP, Schneider JP, Thorpe C. Arsenic(III) species inhibit oxidative protein folding in vitro. Biochemistry 2009; 48:424-32. [PMID: 19102631 DOI: 10.1021/bi801988x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The success of arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia has renewed interest in the cellular targets of As(III) species. The effects of arsenicals are usually attributed to their ability to bind vicinal thiols or thiol selenols in prefolded proteins thereby compromising cellular function. The present studies suggest an additional, more pleiotropic, contribution to the biological effects of arsenicals. As(III) species, by avid coordination to the cysteine residues of unfolded reduced proteins, can compromise protein folding pathways. Three representative As(III) compounds (arsenite, monomethylarsenous acid (MMA), and an aryl arsenical (PSAO)) have been tested with three reduced secreted proteins (lysozyme, ribonuclease A, and riboflavin binding protein (RfBP)). Using absorbance, fluorescence, and pre-steady-state methods, we show that arsenicals bind tightly to low micromolar concentrations of these unfolded proteins with stoichiometries of 1 As(III) per 2 thiols for MMA and PSAO and 1 As(III) for every 3 thiols with arsenite. Arsenicals, at 10 microM, strongly disrupt the oxidative folding of RfBP even in the presence of 5 mM reduced glutathione, a competing ligand for As(III) species. MMA catalyzes the formation of amyloid-like monodisperse fibrils using reduced RNase. These in vitro data show that As(III) species can slow, or even derail, protein folding pathways. In vivo, the propensity of As(III) species to bind to unfolded cysteine-containing proteins may contribute to oxidative and protein folding stresses that are prominent features of the cellular response to arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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Wang N, Wang LW, Gou BD, Zhang TL. Preparation of Realgar Nanoparticle Suspension and Its Inhibition Effect on the Proliferation of Human Myelocytic Leukaemia HL-60 Cells. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690802501691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ronconi L, Sadler PJ. Applications of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy in biological and medicinal inorganic chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2008; 252:2239-2277. [PMID: 32226090 PMCID: PMC7094630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2007] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is a wide range of potential applications of inorganic compounds, and metal coordination complexes in particular, in medicine but progress is hampered by a lack of methods to study their speciation. The biological activity of metal complexes is determined by the metal itself, its oxidation state, the types and number of coordinated ligands and their strength of binding, the geometry of the complex, redox potential and ligand exchange rates. For organic drugs a variety of readily observed spin I = 1/2 nuclei can be used (1H, 13C, 15N, 19F, 31P), but only a few metals fall into this category. Most are quadrupolar nuclei giving rise to broad lines with low detection sensitivity (for biological systems). However we show that, in some cases, heteronuclear NMR studies can provide new insights into the biological and medicinal chemistry of a range of elements and these data will stimulate further advances in this area.
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Key Words
- ADP, adenosine diphosphate
- AES, atomic emission spectroscopy
- AMP, adenosine monophosphate
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- BNCT, boron neutron capture therapy
- BPG, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- BSH, sodium borocaptate
- Bioinorganic chemistry
- Biological systems
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- EDTA-N4, ethylenediaminetetraacetamide
- EFG, electric field gradient
- GMP, guanosine monophosphate
- HMQC, heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation
- Heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy
- Im, imidazole
- In, indazole
- MQF, multiple quantum filtered
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- Medicinal inorganic chemistry
- Metallopharmaceuticals
- NOE, nuclear Overhauser effect
- PET, positron emission tomography
- Quadrupolar nuclei
- RBC, red blood cell
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate
- rRNA, ribosomal ribonucleic acid
- tRNA, transfer ribonucleic acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ronconi
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Spuches AM, Wilcox DE. Monomethylarsenite Competes with Zn2+for Binding Sites in the Glucocorticoid Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:8148-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja802179p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
In this critical review we discuss recent advances in understanding the modes of interaction of metal ions with membrane proteins, including channels, pumps, transporters, ATP-binding cassette proteins, G-protein coupled receptors, kinases and respiratory enzymes. Such knowledge provides a basis for elucidating the mechanism of action of some classes of metallodrugs, and a stimulus for the further exploration of the coordination chemistry of metal ions in membranes. Such research offers promise for the discovery of new drugs with unusual modes of action. The article will be of interest to bioinorganic chemists, chemical biologists, biochemists, pharmacologists and medicinal chemists. (247 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liang
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, UKEH9 3JJ
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Langer R, Shi W, Rothenberger A. Copper-mediated cleavage of disulfides by tertiary phosphines: a new route to As-S anions. Dalton Trans 2006:4435-7. [PMID: 16981016 DOI: 10.1039/b610228j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of [(PhAs)2(micro-S2)(micro-S)] and its reactions to form novel Cu(I) complexes are reported, together with a new cleavage reaction of disulfides by Cu(I) thiolates and tertiary phosphines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Langer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Karlsruhe, Geb. 30.45, Engesserstr. 15a, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Chen H, MacDonald RC, Li S, Krett NL, Rosen ST, O'Halloran TV. Lipid Encapsulation of Arsenic Trioxide Attenuates Cytotoxicity and Allows for Controlled Anticancer Drug Release. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:13348-9. [PMID: 17031934 DOI: 10.1021/ja064864h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO, As2O3) is emerging as a front line agent for treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia with giving a complete remission rate of 83-95%. ATO also shows significant activity in relapsed/refactory multiple myeloma; however, efforts to expand clinical utility to other cancers have been limited by its toxicity profile at higher doses. New bioavailable, liposome encapsulated As(III) materials exhibit a significantly attenuated cytotoxicity that undergoes pH-triggered release of an active drug. The arsenic drugs are loaded into 100-nm-scale liposomes at high concentration (>270 mM) and excellent retention (shelf life > 6 months at 4 degrees C), as determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) diffraction. In the loading mechanism, arsenous acid crosses the bilayer membrane in exchange for acetic acid and an insoluble transitional metal (e.g., Ni2+, Co2+) arsenite salt is formed. The resultant liposomal arsenic nanoparticles appear to be stable in physiological situations but release the drug cargo in a lower pH environment, as encountered in intracellular endosomes. These drugs exhibit attenuated cytotoxicities against human lymphoma tumor cells compared with that of free As2O3. Controlled release of arsenic drugs, and hence control of toxicity, is feasible with this system. The results demonstrate that cytotoxicity can be controlled via transitions of the inorganic drug between solid and solution phases and suggest a mechanism for further improvement of the risk/benefit ratio of As2O3 in treatment of a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haimei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Carter TG, Healey ER, Pitt MA, Johnson DW. Secondary bonding interactions observed in two arsenic thiolate complexes. Inorg Chem 2006; 44:9634-6. [PMID: 16363829 DOI: 10.1021/ic051522o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of N-(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,8-naphthalimide (HL) with stoichiometric amounts of AsCl(3) and base affords AsL(2)Cl and AsL(3) complexes stabilized in part by secondary As...O bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G Carter
- Department of Chemistry, 1253 University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
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Lloyd NC, Morgan HW, Nicholson BK, Ronimus RS. The composition of Ehrlich's salvarsan: resolution of a century-old debate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 44:941-4. [PMID: 15624113 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200461471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas C Lloyd
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Lloyd NC, Morgan HW, Nicholson BK, Ronimus RS. The Composition of Ehrlich's Salvarsan: Resolution of a Century-Old Debate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200461471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Vickaryous WJ, Herges R, Johnson DW. Arsenic-? Interactions Stabilize a Self-Assembled As2L3 Supramolecular Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004; 43:5831-3. [PMID: 15523727 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200461011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Jake Vickaryous
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1253, USA
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Vickaryous WJ, Herges R, Johnson DW. Arsenic-? Interactions Stabilize a Self-Assembled As2L3 Supramolecular Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200461011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lala MA, Ioannou PV. The reaction of allyl and benzylarsonic acids with thiols: mechanistic aspects and implications for dioxygen activation by trivalent arsenic compounds. J Inorg Biochem 2003; 97:331-9. [PMID: 14568237 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-0134(03)00264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of allyl and benzylarsonic acids with thiophenol gives not only the expected diphenyl alkyldithioarsonites and diphenyl disulfide but also various other compounds arising from the decomposition at the arsenic(V) oxidation level (the arsonic acids) by thiophenol and at the arsenic(III) oxidation level (mainly the alkyldithioarsonites) by thiophenol and by dissolved dioxygen. The reaction of these arsonic acids with 4-nitrothiophenol, which is not oxidized by dioxygen, revealed that the arsenic(III) of these alkyldithioarsonites is the active atom towards dioxygen. However, the reaction of allyl, benzyl, and 2-picolylarsonic acids with DL-penicillamine gives the expected products with no or very small oxidative decomposition. The decomposition pathways of allyl and benzylarsonic acids were elucidated. The results are briefly discussed in the contexts of the use of arsonic acids in chemotherapy and the ability of arsenic(III) compounds to generate reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Lala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece.
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Mukhopadhyay R, Rosen BP, Phung LT, Silver S. Microbial arsenic: from geocycles to genes and enzymes. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2002; 26:311-25. [PMID: 12165430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00617.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic compounds have been abundant at near toxic levels in the environment since the origin of life. In response, microbes have evolved mechanisms for arsenic resistance and enzymes that oxidize As(III) to As(V) or reduce As(V) to As(III). Formation and degradation of organoarsenicals, for example methylarsenic compounds, occur. There is a global arsenic geocycle, where microbial metabolism and mobilization (or immobilization) are important processes. Recent progress in studies of the ars operon (conferring resistance to As(III) and As(V)) in many bacterial types (and related systems in Archaea and yeast) and new understanding of arsenite oxidation and arsenate reduction by respiratory-chain-linked enzyme complexes has been substantial. The DNA sequencing and protein crystal structures have established the convergent evolution of three classes of arsenate reductases (that is classes of arsenate reductases are not of common evolutionary origin). Proposed reaction mechanisms in each case involve three cysteine thiols and S-As bond intermediates, so convergent evolution to similar mechanisms has taken place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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35
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Ioannou PV. Synthesis of arsinolipids. II. A non-isosteric analogue of fully acylated cardiolipin. Chem Phys Lipids 2002; 117:7-18. [PMID: 12191840 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-3084(02)00009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
2-Hydroxypropane-1,3-bis(arsonic acid) after six successive reactions gives the arsinolipid 2-acyloxy-As, As'-bis[2,3-di(acyloxy)propyl]propane-1,3-diylbis(arsinic acid) in 20-40% overall yields. This arsinolipid is a non-isosteric analogue of the fully acylated cardiolipin. The R- and S-glycidol, used to create the backbone of the lipid, give the optically active RR and SS, respectively, arsinolipids, while the rac-glycidol produces a mixture of diastereomers (a racemic pair, RR and SS, and two meso forms with an RS configuration). Some properties of these arsinolipids are described, from which the most interesting are the facile hydrolysis of the middle acyl group and their tendency to absorb environmental water.
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Gailer J, Madden S, Cullen WR, Denton MB. The separation of dimethylarsinic acid, methylarsonous acid, methylarsonic acid, arsenate and dimethylarsinous acid on the Hamilton PRP-X100 anion-exchange column. Appl Organomet Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199911)13:11<837::aid-aoc924>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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von Döllen A, Strasdeit H. Models for the Inhibition of Dithiol‐Containing Enzymes by Organoarsenic Compounds: Synthetic Routes and the Structure of [PhAs(HlipS
2
)] (HlipS
2
2−
= Reduced Lipoic Acid). Eur J Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199801)1998:1<61::aid-ejic61>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelika von Döllen
- Fachbereich Chemie, Universität Oldenburg, P.O. Box 2503, D‐26111 Oldenburg, Fax: (internat.) +49(0)441/798‐3329
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Happersberger HP, Przybylski M, Glocker MO. Selective bridging of bis-cysteinyl residues by arsonous acid derivatives as an approach to the characterization of protein tertiary structures and folding pathways by mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 1998; 264:237-50. [PMID: 9866689 DOI: 10.1006/abio.1998.2836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bis-cysteine selective modifications were successfully applied with melarsen oxide (MEL), an arsonous acid derivative, for tertiary structural studies of peptides and a model protein. The arsonous acid modified peptides and proteins were amenable to direct characterizations by mass spectrometry, e.g., direct molecular weight determinations and mass spectrometric peptide mapping that identified stoichiometry and sites of modification, respectively. Proteolytic digestion and mass spectrometric fragmentation of modified oxytocin showed that MEL-bridged peptide derivatives are structural homologues to the disulfide-bonded macrocyclic peptides. Mass spectrometric analyses determined the MEL modification site in partially reduced and selectively modified bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) bridging Cys-14 and Cys-38. The BPTI.MEL derivative was resistant to proteolysis by both Lys-C and trypsin and thus represented a rigid structure like native BPTI. MEL exhibited several advantageous features such as (i) cross-linking two closely spaced thiol groups, providing detailed tertiary structure information; (ii) high solubility as monomeric ortho acid in aqueous and organic solutions; (iii) adding a relatively large mass increment to proteins upon single modification; (iv) enabling UV monitoring of the derivatization due to a strong chromophor; and (v) performing fast and specific modifications of bis-thiol groups in proteins to form stable structures without any side reactions even with a high molar excess of MEL. The investigated physical and chemical properties of MEL suggest general applicability for selective bis-thiol modifications, enabling protein structure-function studies in both soluble and membrane proteins and the study of protein-folding reactions.
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Zheng J, Goessler W, Kosmus W. The chromatographic behavior of arsenic compounds on anion exchange columns with binary organic acids as mobile phases. Chromatographia 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02466529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Coordination chemistry of metallodrugs: insights into biological speciation from NMR spectroscopy. Coord Chem Rev 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(96)90191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gailer J, Irgolic KJ. Retention behavior of arsenobetaine, arsenocholine, trimethylarsine oxide and tetramethylarsonium iodide on a styrene-divinylbenzene column with benzenesulfonates as ion-pairing reagents. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(95)01187-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Dixon HB. The Biochemical Action of Arsonic Acids Especially As Phosphate Analogues. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0898-8838(08)60131-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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