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Khan SA, Leonel Javeres MN, Abbas Shah ST, Bibi N, Muneer Z, Hussain S, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Nurulain SM. Dysregulation of butyrylcholinesterase, BCHE gene SNP rs1803274, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in occupational workers. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 220:115195. [PMID: 36592809 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People in different occupations are exposed to a variety of xenobiotics which affect the health and physiological processes of the body. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), has been reported to play neuronal and non-neuronal roles, though its exact function is yet to be established. This study aimed to find the status and role of BChE in seven different occupational groups; gasoline fillers, auto-mechanics, carpenters, textile shop workers, furniture shop workers, electricians, and office workers. METHODS A total of 400 samples were screened. BChE activity was determined by Worek et al. method based on Ellman's principle. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA. Genotypic analysis of the K-variant of BCHE gene SNP was carried out by standard molecular methods. Among seven groups, office workers were taken as a control to compare the results with all other occupational groups. RESULTS The results revealed a significant decrease in BChE activity in gasoline fillers (79.52%) followed by carpenters (73.49%), auto mechanics (39.76%), textile shop workers (18.07%), electricians (10.84%), and furniture shop workers (7.23%). TNF-α, IL-6, and IL1-β were elevated in all groups. IL-6 and IL1-β in gasoline fillers, and electricians were not statistically significantly increased. Binomial regression to determine the odd ratio was found to be significant (p < 0.05) in all groups. However, correlation (Pearson) did not reveal significance between different biochemical parameters. Genotypic analysis of the K-variant SNP of the BCHE gene showed a significant association with occupational groups when compared with control which indicates a possible association with xenobiotics exposure and the physiological role of K-variant in understudied occupational groups. CONCLUSION The study concluded that BChE and its gene SNP rs 1803274 and proinflammatory cytokines significantly dysregulates under the exposure to cumulative multiple xenobiotics in different occupational groups which may lead to pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosan Andleeb Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Tahir Abbas Shah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Bibi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Muneer
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Sabir Hussain
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Syed Muhammad Nurulain
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road Tarlai, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
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Eum S, Hill SK, Bishop JR. Considering medication exposure in genomic association studies of cognition in psychotic disorders. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:791-806. [PMID: 36102182 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2022-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of psychosis-spectrum illnesses, and the characterization of related genetic mechanisms may provide insights regarding the disease pathophysiology. Substantial efforts have been made to determine the genetic component of cognitive symptoms, without clear success. Illness-related moderators and environmental factors such as medications hinder the detection of genomic association with cognition. Polypharmacy is common in psychotic disorders, and the cumulative effects of medication regimens can confound gene-cognition associations. A review of the relative contributions of important pharmacological and genetic relationships identifies that the effects of medications on cognition in psychotic disorders may be at least, if not more, impactful than individual genes, thus underscoring the importance of accounting for medication exposure in gene-cognition association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seenae Eum
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, Fairfax, VA 22031, USA
| | - Scot Kristian Hill
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine & Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Awan S, Hashmi AN, Taj R, Munir S, Habib R, Batool S, Azam M, Qamar R, Nurulain SM. Genetic Association of Butyrylcholinesterase with Major Depressive Disorder. Biochem Genet 2021; 60:720-737. [PMID: 34414522 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-021-10125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized as clinical depression, which primarily affects the mood and behaviour of an individual. In the present study butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a co-regulatory cholinergic neurotransmitter enzyme implicated in several putative neuronal and non-neuronal physiological roles was investigated for its role in MDD. Eighty MDD patients and sixty-one healthy controls were recruited for the study. BChE activity was measured by Ellman's method using serum while DNA samples of the patients were genotyped for BCHE polymorphisms rs3495 (c.*189G > A) and rs1803274 (c.1699G > A) by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and tetra-primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System- polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). The genotyping was further validated by Sanger Sequencing. Biochemical estimation of serum BChE levels revealed a statistically significant decrease of enzyme activity in MDD patients (69.96) as compared to healthy controls (90.97), which was independent of age and gender. BCHE single nucleotide polymorphism rs1803274 genotype GA was found to be associated with the disease under a dominant model (OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.09-4.96; p value = 0.025). Furthermore, risk allele-A frequency was higher in cases (p value = 0.013) than control. Carriers of rs1803274 GA genotype showed reduced mean BChE activity than wild-type allele GG homozygotes (p value = 0.040). Gender-based analysis revealed a protective role of rs3495 in females (χ2 = 6.87, p value = 0.032, RM: OR 0.173, CI = 0.043-0.699 (p value = 0.017). In addition, rs1803274 risk allele-A was observed to be significantly higher in males (χ2 = 4.258, p value = 0.039). In conclusion, the present study is indicative of a role of BChE in the pathophysiology of MDD where genetic polymorphisms were observed to effect BChE activity. Further replication studies in different ethnicities are recommended to validate the current observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sliha Awan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Aisha N Hashmi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Taj
- Department of Psychiatry, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Munir
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Habib
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Batool
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Azam
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan. .,Translational Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Tarlai Kalan, Park Road, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Raheel Qamar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.,Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Science and Technology Sector, ICESCO, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Syed M Nurulain
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
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Sayad A, Ghafouri-Fard S, Omrani MD, Taheri M. Associations Between Two Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in NINJ2 Gene and Risk of Psychiatric Disorders. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 70:236-245. [PMID: 31873837 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
NINJ2 encodes a transmembrane protein that contributes in neurodevelopment and regeneration of neurons. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within this gene have been associated with Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, and multiple sclerosis. The rs11833579 and rs3809263 SNPs have been associated with risk of ischemic stroke in Iranian population. While the NINJ2 rs12425791 has been with risk of ischemic stroke in East Asian population, the rs11833579 has not been associated with this condition either in East Asian population or Chinese Han population. In the current project, we genotyped rs11833579 and rs3809263 in a large cohort of neuropsychiatric patients including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and methamphetamine addiction. No significant difference was detected in frequencies of alleles, genotypes, or haplotypes between patients and controls. Thus, the current investigation failed to show association between rs11833579 and rs3809263 and the mentioned neuropsychiatric disorders. Future studies are needed to verify our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Sayad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sengupta SM, Fotopoulos N, Devenyi GA, Fortier MÈ, Ter-Stepanian M, Sagliker S, Karama S, Mallar Chakravarty M, Labbe A, Grizenko N, Joober R. Dissecting genetic cross-talk between ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders: Evidence from behavioural, pharmacological and brain imaging investigations. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:652-657. [PMID: 30216917 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiological and genetic studies have provided evidence of an overlap between neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the details of the etiological pathways remain to be elucidated. In this study, we garnered the findings of previous GWAS, conducted with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We conducted an exploratory study to examine the association between these SNPs and quantitative clinical/ behavioural/ cognitive/ structural brain parameters, as well as response to treatment with a fixed dose of methylphenidate, in a relatively large sample of children with ADHD. Family-based association tests were conducted with nine tag SNPs with 602 nuclear families. In addition, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) was conducted in a subset of children with ADHD (n = 76). Of the 9 tag SNPs examined, rs1602565 showed a significant association with ADHD, several dimensional measures and response to treatment. An association was also observed between rs1006737 (CACNA1C) and performance IQ. In addition, significant reductions in cortical thickness measurements were observed with the risk allele in rs1006737. These results provide preliminary evidence for putative shared genetic vulnerability between childhood ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarojini M Sengupta
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Nellie Fotopoulos
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel A Devenyi
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Fortier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Marina Ter-Stepanian
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Départment de Psychoéducation, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Saba Sagliker
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sherif Karama
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurelie Labbe
- Department of Decision Sciences, HEC Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalie Grizenko
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ridha Joober
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Verdun, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Canada
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Musil R, Spellmann I. Pharmacogenetics and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia patients treated with antipsychotics. Pharmacogenomics 2018; 19:927-930. [PMID: 30028229 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2018-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Musil
- Ludwig-Maximilians University, Department of Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Nußbaumstr. 7, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Ilja Spellmann
- Klinikum Stuttgart, Department of Special Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry & Psychotherapy, Prießnitzweg 24, 70374 Stuttgart, Germany
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Spellmann I, Riedel M, Städtler J, Zill P, Obermeier M, Cerovecki A, Dehning S, Schennach R, Epple M, Opgen-Rhein M, Müller N, Bondy B, Möller HJ, Musil R. Associations of NEUROD2 polymorphisms and change of cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder after eight weeks of antipsychotic treatment. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2017; 22:280-297. [PMID: 28470106 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2017.1322502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION NEUROD2 is a neurospecific helix-loop-helix transcription factor which has an impact on the regulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic genes. We investigated an association of NEUROD2 with neurocognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder patients before and during treatment with different second-generation antipsychotics. METHODS Patients were genotyped for four different polymorphisms of the NEUROD2 gene ((rs9889354(A/G), rs1877032(C/T), rs12453682(C/T) and rs11078918(C/G)). Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and week 8. Results of individual neuropsychological tests were assigned to six cognitive domains (reaction time and quality; executive function; working, verbal and visual memory) and a general cognitive index. RESULTS 167 patients were included in the study. The NEUROD2 exonic polymorphism rs11078918 showed significant associations with verbal memory and executive functions, whereas the NEUROD2 polymorphism rs12453682 was significantly associated with working and verbal memory, executive functions and with a cognitive index. Significant associations were found at baseline and after eight weeks. Moreover, significant associations between the change in neuropsychological test results during antipsychotic treatment and the NEUROD2 polymorphisms rs11078918 and rs12453682 were observed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the NEUROD2 gene could play a role in the pathophysiology of neurocognitive dysfunctions as well as in the change of cognitive symptoms under antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja Spellmann
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Michael Riedel
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Julia Städtler
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Peter Zill
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Michael Obermeier
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Anja Cerovecki
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Sandra Dehning
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Rebecca Schennach
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Maria Epple
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Markus Opgen-Rhein
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Norbert Müller
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Brigitta Bondy
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Möller
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
| | - Richard Musil
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich , Munich , Germany
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9
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Busch RM, Najm I, Hermann BP, Eng C. Genetics of cognition in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 41:297-306. [PMID: 24973143 PMCID: PMC4268334 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With the completion of the Human Genome Project and the advent of more advanced sequencing platforms capable of high throughput genotyping at reduced cost, research on the genetics/genomics of cognition has expanded rapidly over the past several decades. This has been facilitated even further by global consortia including HapMap, 1000 Genomes Project, ENCODE, and others, which have made information regarding genetic variation and genomic functional elements readily available to all researchers. Thus, the goal of this Targeted Review is not to provide an exhaustive review of the existing literature on the role of genetic factors in cognition. Rather, we will highlight some of the most consistent findings in this field, review the research in epilepsy to date, and provide a background within which to set forth unique opportunities epilepsy may provide to further elucidate the role of genetics in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn M Busch
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Imad Najm
- Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bruce P Hermann
- Charles Matthew Neuropsychology Section, Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Fears SC, Service SK, Kremeyer B, Araya C, Araya X, Bejarano J, Ramirez M, Castrillón G, Gomez-Franco J, Lopez MC, Montoya G, Montoya P, Aldana I, Teshiba TM, Abaryan Z, Al-Sharif NB, Ericson M, Jalbrzikowski M, Luykx JJ, Navarro L, Tishler TA, Altshuler L, Bartzokis G, Escobar J, Glahn DC, Ospina-Duque J, Risch N, Ruiz-Linares A, Thompson PM, Cantor RM, Lopez-Jaramillo C, Macaya G, Molina J, Reus VI, Sabatti C, Freimer NB, Bearden CE. Multisystem component phenotypes of bipolar disorder for genetic investigations of extended pedigrees. JAMA Psychiatry 2014; 71:375-87. [PMID: 24522887 PMCID: PMC4045237 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.4100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Genetic factors contribute to risk for bipolar disorder (BP), but its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. A focus on measuring multisystem quantitative traits that may be components of BP psychopathology may enable genetic dissection of this complex disorder, and investigation of extended pedigrees from genetically isolated populations may facilitate the detection of specific genetic variants that affect BP as well as its component phenotypes. OBJECTIVE To identify quantitative neurocognitive, temperament-related, and neuroanatomical phenotypes that appear heritable and associated with severe BP (bipolar I disorder [BP-I]) and therefore suitable for genetic linkage and association studies aimed at identifying variants contributing to BP-I risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Multigenerational pedigree study in 2 closely related, genetically isolated populations: the Central Valley of Costa Rica and Antioquia, Colombia. A total of 738 individuals, all from Central Valley of Costa Rica and Antioquia pedigrees, participated; among them, 181 have BP-I. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Familial aggregation (heritability) and association with BP-I of 169 quantitative neurocognitive, temperament, magnetic resonance imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging phenotypes. RESULTS Of 169 phenotypes investigated, 126 (75%) were significantly heritable and 53 (31%) were associated with BP-I. About one-quarter of the phenotypes, including measures from each phenotype domain, were both heritable and associated with BP-I. Neuroimaging phenotypes, particularly cortical thickness in prefrontal and temporal regions as well as volume and microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum, represented the most promising candidate traits for genetic mapping related to BP based on strong heritability and association with disease. Analyses of phenotypic and genetic covariation identified substantial correlations among the traits, at least some of which share a common underlying genetic architecture. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE To our knowledge, this is the most extensive investigation of BP-relevant component phenotypes to date. Our results identify brain and behavioral quantitative traits that appear to be genetically influenced and show a pattern of BP-I association within families that is consistent with expectations from case-control studies. Together, these phenotypes provide a basis for identifying loci contributing to BP-I risk and for genetic dissection of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Fears
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Susan K Service
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Carmen Araya
- Cell and Molecular Biology Research, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
| | - Xinia Araya
- Cell and Molecular Biology Research, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
| | - Julio Bejarano
- Cell and Molecular Biology Research, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
| | - Margarita Ramirez
- Cell and Molecular Biology Research, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
| | | | - Juliana Gomez-Franco
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Maria C Lopez
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Montoya
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Patricia Montoya
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ileana Aldana
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Terri M Teshiba
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Zvart Abaryan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Noor B Al-Sharif
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Marissa Ericson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Maria Jalbrzikowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Jurjen J Luykx
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles6Department of Psychiatry, ZNA Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Linda Navarro
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Todd A Tishler
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Lori Altshuler
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - George Bartzokis
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Javier Escobar
- Department of Psychiatry and Family Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick
| | - David C Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut9Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Jorge Ospina-Duque
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Neil Risch
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Andrés Ruiz-Linares
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London, England
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Rita M Cantor
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo
- Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia12Mood Disorders Program, Hospital San Vicente Fundacion, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Macaya
- Cell and Molecular Biology Research, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica
| | - Julio Molina
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles13BioCiencias Lab, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Victor I Reus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Chiara Sabatti
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Nelson B Freimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
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Donohoe G, Deary IJ, Glahn DC, Malhotra AK, Burdick KE. Neurocognitive phenomics: examining the genetic basis of cognitive abilities. Psychol Med 2013; 43:2027-2036. [PMID: 23194477 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291712002656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are core to the disability associated with many psychiatric disorders. Both variation in cognition and psychiatric risk show substantial heritability, with overlapping genetic variants contributing to both. Unsurprisingly, therefore, these fields have been mutually beneficial : just as cognitive studies of psychiatric risk variants may identify genes involved in cognition, so too can genome-wide studies based on cognitive phenotypes lead to genes relevant to psychiatric aetiology. The purpose of this review is to consider the main issues involved in the phenotypic characterization of cognition, and to describe the challenges associated with the transition to genomewide approaches. We conclude by describing the approaches currently being taken by the international consortia involving many investigators in the field internationally (e.g. Cognitive Genomics Consortium; COGENT) to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Donohoe
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.
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