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Mosqueira M, Scheid LM, Kiemel D, Richardt T, Rheinberger M, Ollech D, Lutge A, Heißenberg T, Pfitzer L, Engelskircher L, Yildiz U, Porth I. nNOS-derived NO modulates force production and iNO-derived NO the excitability in C2C12-derived 3D tissue engineering skeletal muscle via different NO signaling pathways. Front Physiol 2022; 13:946682. [PMID: 36045747 PMCID: PMC9421439 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.946682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a bioactive gas produced by one of the three NO synthases: neuronal NOS (nNOS), inducible (iNOS), and endothelial NOS (eNOS). NO has a relevant modulatory role in muscle contraction; this takes place through two major signaling pathways: (i) activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and, thus, protein kinase G or (ii) nitrosylation of sulfur groups of cysteine. Although it has been suggested that nNOS-derived NO is the responsible isoform in muscle contraction, the roles of eNOS and iNOS and their signaling pathways have not yet been clarified. To elucidate the action of each pathway, we optimized the generation of myooids, an engineered skeletal muscle tissue based on the C2C12 cell line. In comparison with diaphragm strips from wild-type mice, 180 myooids were analyzed, which expressed all relevant excitation–contraction coupling proteins and both nNOS and iNOS isoforms. Along with the biochemical results, myooids treated with NO donor (SNAP) and unspecific NOS blocker (L-NAME) revealed a comparable NO modulatory effect on force production as was observed in the diaphragm strips. Under the effects of pharmacological tools, we analyzed the myooids in response to electrical stimulation of two possible signaling pathways and NO sources. The nNOS-derived NO exerted its negative effect on force production via the sGG-PKG pathway, while iNOS-derived NO increased the excitability in response to sub-threshold electrical stimulation. These results strengthen the hypotheses of previous reports on the mechanism of action of NO during force production, showed a novel function of iNOS-derived NO, and establish the myooid as a novel and robust alternative model for pathophysiological skeletal muscle research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Mosqueira
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Matias Mosqueira,
| | - Lisa-Mareike Scheid
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- PromoCell GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Kiemel
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre for Integrative Infectious Disease Research (CIID), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Talisa Richardt
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre for Integrative Infectious Disease Research (CIID), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mona Rheinberger
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre for Integrative Infectious Disease Research (CIID), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Ollech
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Applied Physics Department, Science for Life Laboratory and KTH Royal Technical University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Almut Lutge
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Life Science at the University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tim Heißenberg
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena Pfitzer
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- myNEO NV, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Engelskircher
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Immatics Biotechnology GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Umut Yildiz
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabel Porth
- Cardio-Ventilatory Muscle Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Ventilatory responses during and following hypercapnic gas challenge are impaired in male but not female endothelial NOS knock-out mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20557. [PMID: 34663876 PMCID: PMC8523677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the ventilatory responses during and after a hypercapnic gas challenge (HCC, 5% CO2, 21% O2, 74% N2) were assessed in freely-moving female and male wild-type (WT) C57BL6 mice and eNOS knock-out (eNOS-/-) mice of C57BL6 background using whole body plethysmography. HCC elicited an array of ventilatory responses that were similar in male and female WT mice, such as increases in breathing frequency (with falls in inspiratory and expiratory times), and increases in tidal volume, minute ventilation, peak inspiratory and expiratory flows, and inspiratory and expiratory drives. eNOS-/- male mice had smaller increases in minute ventilation, peak inspiratory flow and inspiratory drive, and smaller decreases in inspiratory time than WT males. Ventilatory responses in female eNOS-/- mice were similar to those in female WT mice. The ventilatory excitatory phase upon return to room-air was similar in both male and female WT mice. However, the post-HCC increases in frequency of breathing (with decreases in inspiratory times), and increases in tidal volume, minute ventilation, inspiratory drive (i.e., tidal volume/inspiratory time) and expiratory drive (i.e., tidal volume/expiratory time), and peak inspiratory and expiratory flows in male eNOS-/- mice were smaller than in male WT mice. In contrast, the post-HCC responses in female eNOS-/- mice were equal to those of the female WT mice. These findings provide the first evidence that the loss of eNOS affects the ventilatory responses during and after HCC in male C57BL6 mice, whereas female C57BL6 mice can compensate for the loss of eNOS, at least in respect to triggering ventilatory responses to HCC.
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Getsy PM, Sundararajan S, May WJ, von Schill GC, McLaughlin DK, Palmer LA, Lewis SJ. Short-term facilitation of breathing upon cessation of hypoxic challenge is impaired in male but not female endothelial NOS knock-out mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18346. [PMID: 34526532 PMCID: PMC8443732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97322-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreases in arterial blood oxygen stimulate increases in minute ventilation via activation of peripheral and central respiratory structures. This study evaluates the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the expression of the ventilatory responses during and following a hypoxic gas challenge (HXC, 10% O2, 90% N2) in freely moving male and female wild-type (WT) C57BL6 and eNOS knock-out (eNOS-/-) mice. Exposure to HXC caused an array of responses (of similar magnitude and duration) in both male and female WT mice such as, rapid increases in frequency of breathing, tidal volume, minute ventilation and peak inspiratory and expiratory flows, that were subject to pronounced roll-off. The responses to HXC in male eNOS-/- mice were similar to male WT mice. In contrast, several of the ventilatory responses in female eNOS-/- mice (e.g., frequency of breathing, and expiratory drive) were greater compared to female WT mice. Upon return to room-air, male and female WT mice showed similar excitatory ventilatory responses (i.e., short-term potentiation phase). These responses were markedly reduced in male eNOS-/- mice, whereas female eNOS-/- mice displayed robust post-HXC responses that were similar to those in female WT mice. Our data demonstrates that eNOS plays important roles in (1) ventilatory responses to HXC in female compared to male C57BL6 mice; and (2) expression of post-HXC responses in male, but not female C57BL6 mice. These data support existing evidence that sex, and the functional roles of specific proteins (e.g., eNOS) have profound influences on ventilatory processes, including the responses to HXC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina M. Getsy
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Pediatrics, Biomedical Research Building BRB 319, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue Mail Stop 1714, Cleveland, OH 44106-1714 USA ,grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Sripriya Sundararajan
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XPediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA ,grid.411024.20000 0001 2175 4264Present Address: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Walter J. May
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XPediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Graham C. von Schill
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XPediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Dylan K. McLaughlin
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XPediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Lisa A. Palmer
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XPediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Pediatrics, Biomedical Research Building BRB 319, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue Mail Stop 1714, Cleveland, OH 44106-1714 USA ,grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA ,grid.67105.350000 0001 2164 3847Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
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Aleksandrova NP, Klinnikova AA, Danilova GA. Cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase pathways mediate the respiratory effects of TNF-α in rats. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 284:103567. [PMID: 33161117 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
TNF-α is the key inflammatory cytokine. TNF-α receptors are expressed in brain stem regions involved in respiratory control and also in the carotid bodies, which are the sensory organs monitoring arterial blood O2. We hypothesised that the circulating tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α may affect the lung ventilation and modulate the hypoxic ventilatory response via activation of cyclooxygenase (COX) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathways. The aim of the current study was to compare the respiratory effects of TNF-α before and after pretreatment with diclofenac or L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) nonspecific inhibitors of COX and NOS, respectively. The hypoxic ventilatory response was measured in anaesthetised rats using rebreathing techniques. We found that TNF-α increased the lung ventilation in normoxia but decreased the ventilatory response to hypoxia. Pretreatment with each of these inhibitors reduced respiratory effects of TNF-α. We believe that activation of COX and NOS-related pathways and also "cross-talk" between them mediates the TNF-α respiratory effects and underlies the impact of inflammation on the respiratory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Pavlovna Aleksandrova
- Head of Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of RAS, nab Makarova6, St.-Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna Andreevna Klinnikova
- Researcher of Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of RAS, nab Makarova6, St.-Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - Galina Anatolevna Danilova
- Researcher of Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology of RAS, nab Makarova6, St.-Petersburg, Russian Federation.
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