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Lin Y, Zhang Y, Magomedov A, Gkogkosi E, Zhang J, Zheng X, El-Labban A, Barlow S, Getautis V, Wang E, Tsetseris L, Marder SR, McCulloch I, Anthopoulos TD. 18.73% efficient and stable inverted organic photovoltaics featuring a hybrid hole-extraction layer. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:1292-1300. [PMID: 36786547 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh01575g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing efficient and stable organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is crucial for the technology's commercial success. However, combining these key attributes remains challenging. Herein, we incorporate the small molecule 2-((3,6-dibromo-9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (Br-2PACz) between the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) and a 7 nm-thin layer of MoO3 in inverted OPVs, and study its effects on the cell performance. We find that the Br-2PACz/MoO3 hole-extraction layer (HEL) boosts the cell's power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 17.36% to 18.73% (uncertified), making them the most efficient inverted OPVs to date. The factors responsible for this improvement include enhanced charge transport, reduced carrier recombination, and favourable vertical phase separation of donor and acceptor components in the BHJ. The Br-2PACz/MoO3-based OPVs exhibit higher operational stability under continuous illumination and thermal annealing (80 °C). The T80 lifetime of OPVs featuring Br-2PACz/MoO3 - taken as the time over which the cell's PCE reduces to 80% of its initial value - increases compared to MoO3-only cells from 297 to 615 h upon illumination and from 731 to 1064 h upon continuous heating. Elemental analysis of the BHJs reveals the enhanced stability to originate from the partially suppressed diffusion of Mo ions into the BHJ and the favourable distribution of the donor and acceptor components induced by the Br-2PACz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbao Lin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Artiom Magomedov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Eleftheria Gkogkosi
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens GR-15780, Greece
| | - Junxiang Zhang
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Xiaopeng Zheng
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulrahman El-Labban
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Stephen Barlow
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Ergang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-412 96, Sweden
| | - Leonidas Tsetseris
- Department of Physics, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens GR-15780, Greece
| | - Seth R Marder
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
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Rafique S, Abdullah SM, Shahid MM, Ansari MO, Sulaiman K. Significantly improved photovoltaic performance in polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells with graphene oxide /PEDOT:PSS double decked hole transport layer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39555. [PMID: 28084304 PMCID: PMC5234008 DOI: 10.1038/srep39555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This work demonstrates the high performance graphene oxide (GO)/PEDOT:PSS doubled decked hole transport layer (HTL) in the PCDTBT:PC71BM based bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaic device. The devices were tested on merits of their power conversion efficiency (PCE), reproducibility, stability and further compared with the devices with individual GO or PEDOT:PSS HTLs. Solar cells employing GO/PEDOT:PSS HTL yielded a PCE of 4.28% as compared to either of individual GO or PEDOT:PSS HTLs where they demonstrated PCEs of 2.77 and 3.57%, respectively. In case of single GO HTL, an inhomogeneous coating of ITO caused the poor performance whereas PEDOT:PSS is known to be hygroscopic and acidic which upon direct contact with ITO reduced the device performance. The improvement in the photovoltaic performance is mainly ascribed to the increased charge carriers mobility, short circuit current, open circuit voltage, fill factor, and decreased series resistance. The well matched work function of GO and PEDOT:PSS is likely to facilitate the charge transportation and an overall reduction in the series resistance. Moreover, GO could effectively block the electrons due to its large band-gap of ~3.6 eV, leading to an increased shunt resistance. In addition, we also observed the improvement in the reproducibility and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Rafique
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre of Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahino Mah Abdullah
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,International Institute of Advanced Islamic Studies (IAIS) Malaysia, Jalan Ilmu, Off Jalan Universiti, 59100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Mehmood Shahid
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Khaulah Sulaiman
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Li K, Zhen H, Niu L, Fang X, Zhang Y, Guo R, Yu Y, Yan F, Li H, Zheng Z. Full-solution processed flexible organic solar cells using low-cost printable copper electrodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:7271-8. [PMID: 25220216 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Full-solution-processed flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) are fabricated using low-cost and high-quality printable Cu electrodes, which achieve a power conversion efficiency as high as 2.77% and show remarkable stability upon 1000 bending cycles. This device performance is thought to be the best among all full-solution-processed OSCs reported in the literature using the same active materials. This printed Cu electrode is promising for application in roll-to-roll fabrication of flexible OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Li
- State key laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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