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Song Y, Chen M, Wei Y, Ma X, Shi H. Signaling pathways in colorectal cancer implications for the target therapies. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:21. [PMID: 38844562 PMCID: PMC11156834 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) stands as a pressing global health issue, marked by the unbridled proliferation of immature cells influenced by multifaceted internal and external factors. Numerous studies have explored the intricate mechanisms of tumorigenesis in CRC, with a primary emphasis on signaling pathways, particularly those associated with growth factors and chemokines. However, the sheer diversity of molecular targets introduces complexity into the selection of targeted therapies, posing a significant challenge in achieving treatment precision. The quest for an effective CRC treatment is further complicated by the absence of pathological insights into the mutations or alterations occurring in tumor cells. This study reveals the transfer of signaling from the cell membrane to the nucleus, unveiling recent advancements in this crucial cellular process. By shedding light on this novel dimension, the research enhances our understanding of the molecular intricacies underlying CRC, providing a potential avenue for breakthroughs in targeted therapeutic strategies. In addition, the study comprehensively outlines the potential immune responses incited by the aberrant activation of signaling pathways, with a specific focus on immune cells, cytokines, and their collective impact on the dynamic landscape of drug development. This research not only contributes significantly to advancing CRC treatment and molecular medicine but also lays the groundwork for future breakthroughs and clinical trials, fostering optimism for improved outcomes and refined approaches in combating colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Song
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Wei
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huashan Shi
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Tan F, Li X, Li X, Xu M, Shahzad KA, Hou L. GelMA/PEDOT:PSS Composite Conductive Hydrogel-Based Generation and Protection of Cochlear Hair Cells through Multiple Signaling Pathways. Biomolecules 2024; 14:95. [PMID: 38254695 PMCID: PMC10812993 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cochlear implantology are exemplified by novel functional strategies such as bimodal electroacoustic stimulation, in which the patient has intact low-frequency hearing and profound high-frequency hearing pre-operatively. Therefore, the synergistic restoration of dysfunctional cochlear hair cells and the protection of hair cells from ototoxic insults have become a persistent target pursued for this hybrid system. In this study, we developed a composite GelMA/PEDOT:PSS conductive hydrogel that is suitable as a coating for the cochlear implant electrode for the potential local delivery of otoregenerative and otoprotective drugs. Various material characterization methods (e.g., 1H NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR, EIS, and SEM), experimental models (e.g., murine cochlear organoid and aminoglycoside-induced ototoxic HEI-OC1 cellular model), and biological analyses (e.g., confocal laser scanning microscopy, real time qPCR, flow cytometry, and bioinformatic sequencing) were used. The results demonstrated decent material properties of the hydrogel, such as mechanical (e.g., high tensile stress and Young's modulus), electrochemical (e.g., low impedance and high conductivity), biocompatibility (e.g., satisfactory cochlear cell interaction and free of systemic toxicity), and biosafety (e.g., minimal hemolysis and cell death) features. In addition, the CDR medicinal cocktail sustainably released by the hydrogel not only promoted the expansion of the cochlear stem cells but also boosted the trans-differentiation from cochlear supporting cells into hair cells. Furthermore, hydrogel-based drug delivery protected the hair cells from oxidative stress and various forms of programmed cell death (e.g., apoptosis and ferroptosis). Finally, using large-scale sequencing, we enriched a complex network of signaling pathways that are potentially downstream to various metabolic processes and abundant metabolites. In conclusion, we present a conductive hydrogel-based local delivery of bifunctional drug cocktails, thereby serving as a potential solution to intracochlear therapy of bimodal auditory rehabilitation and diseases beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
- Department of ORL-HNS, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of ORL-HNS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London WC2A 3PE, UK
| | - Xuran Li
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology & Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China; (X.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Maoxiang Xu
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Khawar Ali Shahzad
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Lei Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology & Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China; (X.L.); (L.H.)
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Mazarei M, Shahabi Rabori V, Ghasemi N, Salehi M, Rayatpisheh N, Jahangiri N, Saberiyan M. LncRNA MALAT1 signaling pathway and clinical applications in overcome on cancers metastasis. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:4457-4472. [PMID: 37695391 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
In spite of its high mortality rate and difficulty in finding a cure, scientific advancements have contributed to a reduction in cancer-related fatalities. Aberrant gene expression during carcinogenesis emphasizes the importance of targeting the signaling networks that control gene expression in cancer treatment. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are transcribed RNA molecules that play a role in gene expression regulation, are a recent innovative therapeutic approach for diagnosing and treating malignancies. MALAT1, a well-known lncRNA, functions in gene expression, RNA processing, and epigenetic control. High expression levels of MALAT1 are associated with several human disorders, including metastasis, invasion, autophagy, and proliferation of cancer cells. MALAT1 affects various signaling pathways and microRNAs (miRNAs), and this study aims to outline its functional roles in cancer metastasis and its interactions with cellular signaling pathways. Moreover, MALAT1 and its interactions with signaling pathways can be promising target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madineh Mazarei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Nazila Ghasemi
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Salehi
- School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Najmeh Rayatpisheh
- School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Negin Jahangiri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavus, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Saberiyan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Mechanisms of Action of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:3919002. [PMID: 36644008 PMCID: PMC9839417 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3919002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. However, its pathophysiological mechanism is complicated, and currently, it has no FDA-approved pharmacological therapies. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has attracted increasing attention in the treatment of hepatic diseases. MSCs are multipotent stromal cells that originated from mesoderm mesenchyme, which have self-renewal and multipotent differentiation capability. Recent experiments and studies have found that MSCs have the latent capacity to be used for MAFLD treatment. MSCs have the potential to differentiate into hepatocytes, which could be induced into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) with liver-specific morphology and function under appropriate conditions to promote liver tissue regeneration. They can also reduce liver tissue injury and reverse the development of MAFLD by regulating immune response, antifibrotic activities, and lipid metabolism. Moreover, several advantages are attributed to MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes), such as targeted delivery, reliable reparability, and poor immunogenicity. After entering the target cells, MSC-exosomes help regulate cell function and signal transduction; thus, it is expected to become an emerging treatment for MAFLD. In this review, we comprehensively discussed the roles of MSCs in MAFLD, main signaling pathways of MSCs that affect MAFLD, and mechanisms of MSC-exosomes on MAFLD.
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Wang F, Huang L, Liao M, Dong W, Liu C, Liu Y, Liang Q, Wang W. Integrative analysis of the miRNA-mRNA regulation network in hemocytes of Penaeus vannamei following Vibrio alginolyticus infection. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:104390. [PMID: 35276318 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Penaeus vannamei is an important cultured shrimp that has high commercial value in the worldwide. However, the industry suffers heavy economic losses each year due to disease outbreaks caused by pathogenic bacteria. In the present study, after Vibrio alginolyticus infection, DNA damage in the hemocytes of the shrimp markedly increased, and autophagy and apoptosis increased significantly. Subsequently, hemocytes were sampled from the control and infected shrimp and sequenced for mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) 24 h after V. alginolyticus infection to better understand the response mechanism to bacterial infection in P. vannamei. We identified 1,874 and 263 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMs) respectively, and predicted that 997 DEGs were targeted by DEMs. These DEGs were involved in the regulation of multiple signalling pathways, such as Toll and IMD signalling, TGF-beta signalling, MAPK signalling, and cell apoptosis, during Vibrio alginolyticus infection of the shrimp. We identified numerous mRNA-miRNA interactions, which provide insight into the defense mechanism that occur during the antimicrobial process of P. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Meiqiu Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenna Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Can Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Qingjian Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China.
| | - Weina Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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Lin YS, Chen WY, Liang WZ. Investigation of Cytotoxicity and Oxidative Stress Induced by the Pyrethroid Bioallethrin in Human Glioblastoma Cells: The Protective Effect of Vitamin E (VE) and Its Underlying Mechanism. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:880-889. [PMID: 35511042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bioallethrin belongs to the family of pyrethroid insecticides. Previous studies have shown that bioallethrin affected the function of muscarinic receptor and subsequently induced neurotoxicity in different brain models. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in the metabolic course of the human body, which can cause human damage when overactivated. However, whether bioallethrin evokes cytotoxicity through ROS signaling and whether the antioxidant Vitamin E (VE) protects these cytotoxic responses in human glial cell model are still elusive. This study investigated the effect of bioallethrin on cytotoxicity through ROS signaling and evaluated the protective effect of the antioxidant VE in DBTRG-05MG human glioblastoma cells. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to measure cell viability. Intracellular ROS and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured by a cellular assay kit. The levels of apoptosis- and antioxidant-related protein were analyzed by Western blotting. In DBTRG-05MG cells, bioallethrin (25-75 μM) concentration-dependently induced cytotoxicity by increasing ROS productions, decreasing GSH contents, and regulating protein expressions related to apoptosis or antioxidation. Furthermore, these cytotoxic effects were partially reversed by VE (20 μM) pretreatment. Together, VE partially lessened bioallethrin-induced apoptosis through oxidative stress in DBTRG-05MG cells. The data assist us in identifying the toxicological mechanism of bioallethrin and offer future development of the antioxidant VE to reduce brain damage caused by bioallethrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Shang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhe Liang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan
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Zhu D, Xia J, Liu C, Fang C. Numb/Notch/PLK1 signaling pathway mediated hyperglycemic memory in pancreatic cancer cell radioresistance and the therapeutic effects of metformin. Cell Signal 2022; 93:110268. [PMID: 35143930 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus has presented a positive role in the progression of pancreatic cancer and "Hyperglycemic memory" could be an important cause for diabetic damage. While limited information is available regarding the role of "hyperglycemic memory" in the pancreatic cancer and its radio-resistance. We therefore investigated correlation among hyperglycemic memory, Numb and metformin in pancreatic cancer radio-resistance. METHODS High glucose and hyperglycemic memory models were established in vitro and in vivo. Western blot, real-time PCR were accordingly used to detect Numb /Notch/ Polo-like kinase1 (PLK1) signaling at the level of molecular, cellular and experimental animal model, respectively. The apoptosis rate was evaluated by TUNEL assay and Capase-3 activity. The therapeutic effect of metformin was revealed by detecting the level of Numb / Notch /PLK1 through Western blot and real-time PCR. RESULTS Inactivation of Numb promotes the pancreatic cancer radio-resistance through hyperglycemic memory and metformin could suppress the radio-resistance by activating Numb in vitro and in vivo. In addition, PLK1 and Notch signaling pathway (Notch1, HEY1) elevated in pancreatic cancer radio-resistance condition, which was induced by hyperglycemic memory. Moreover, Numb overexpression or metformin could suppress Notch pathway to alleviate pancreatic cancer radio-resistance. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that Numb might be a promising target for the improvement of hyperglycemic memory damage and the effect of metformin deserved urgent attention on pancreatic cancer radio-resistance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Digestive Endoscopic Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chi Fang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
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Chen W, Zhao S, Yu W, Rao T, Ruan Y, Zhu S, Xia Y, Song H, Cheng F. SC66 inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of human bladder cancer cells by targeting the AKT/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10684-10697. [PMID: 34687144 PMCID: PMC8581318 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a major disease of the genitourinary tract, and chemotherapy is one of the main treatments commonly used at present. SC66 is a new type of allosteric AKT inhibitor that is reported to play an effective inhibitory role in the progression of many other types of tumours, but there is no reported research on its role in BC. In this study, we found that SC66 significantly inhibited the proliferation and EMT‐mediated migration and invasion of T24 and 5637 cells. In addition, experiments confirmed that SC66 achieved its antitumour effect by inducing cell apoptosis and affecting the cell cycle. Luciferase assays confirmed that SC66 exerted an antitumour effect through the AKT/β‐catenin signalling pathway, and this inhibitory effect was reversed after the addition of the β‐catenin signalling pathway activator, CHIR‐99021. In addition, animal studies have shown that, compared with the control group, the experimental group with SC66 intraperitoneal injection showed significantly reduced the tumour weight and volume in nude mice with T24 tumours and that SC66 combined with cisplatin achieved better inhibition on tumours. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry staining confirmed that SC66 inhibited the EMT process in vivo and induced apoptosis through the AKT/β‐catenin signalling pathway. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that SC66 exerts a significant antitumour effect through the AKT/β‐catenin signalling pathway, thereby providing a new potential treatment for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Chen
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weimin Yu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shaoming Zhu
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hongfei Song
- Department of UrologyQianjiang Central HospitalQianjiangChina
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of UrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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Erteng-Sanjie Capsule Enhances Chemosensitivity of 5-Fluorouracil in Tumor-Bearing Nude Mice with Gastric Cancer by Inhibiting Notch1/Hes1 Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9980565. [PMID: 34257696 PMCID: PMC8249139 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9980565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. This study investigated the chemosensitivity-enhancing effects of Erteng-Sanjie capsule (ETSJC) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on gastric cancer and its possible underlying mechanisms. The study established a subcutaneous xenograft model of human gastric cancer. The animals were divided into five groups: the control group, the 5-FU group, the 5-FU + ETSJC low-dose group, the 5-FU + ETSJC medium-dose group, and the 5-FU + ETSJC high-dose group. The tumor volume and tumor weight were calculated. TUNEL staining was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of Ki67+ cells and the CD31+ microvessel density in tumors. Simultaneously, western blot analysis was applied to detect the expression of caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, Notch1, and Hes1 proteins. Compared with the control group, tumor volume and weight in the 5-FU and 5-FU + ETSJC groups were inhibited. Moreover, compared with the 5-FU group, tumor volume and weight were significantly inhibited in the 5-FU + ETSJC groups. The numbers of Ki67+ cells, CD31+ microvessel density, and the expression of Bcl-2, Notch1, and Hes1 proteins were markedly decreased in the combination group when compared with the chemotherapy alone group. The numbers of TUNEL+ cells and the expression of Bax and caspase-3 proteins were significantly increased in the 5-FU + ETSJC groups when compared with the 5-FU group. The therapeutic effects were demonstrated to be dose dependent. In conclusion, the findings of the study showed that ETSJC improved the chemosensitivity of 5-FU by blocking Notch1/Hes1 signaling pathway in gastric cancer-bearing mice.
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Derakhshani A, Rostami Z, Safarpour H, Shadbad MA, Nourbakhsh NS, Argentiero A, Taefehshokr S, Tabrizi NJ, Kooshkaki O, Astamal RV, Singh PK, Taefehshokr N, Alizadeh N, Silvestris N, Baradaran B. From Oncogenic Signaling Pathways to Single-Cell Sequencing of Immune Cells: Changing the Landscape of Cancer Immunotherapy. Molecules 2021; 26:2278. [PMID: 33920054 PMCID: PMC8071039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, there have been remarkable advances in understanding the signaling pathways involved in cancer development. It is well-established that cancer is caused by the dysregulation of cellular pathways involved in proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell metabolism, migration, cell polarity, and differentiation. Besides, growing evidence indicates that extracellular matrix signaling, cell surface proteoglycans, and angiogenesis can contribute to cancer development. Given the genetic instability and vast intra-tumoral heterogeneity revealed by the single-cell sequencing of tumoral cells, the current approaches cannot eliminate the mutating cancer cells. Besides, the polyclonal expansion of tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes in response to tumoral neoantigens cannot elicit anti-tumoral immune responses due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, the data from the single-cell sequencing of immune cells can provide valuable insights regarding the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoints/related signaling factors in immune cells, which can be used to select immune checkpoint inhibitors and adjust their dosage. Indeed, the integration of the data obtained from the single-cell sequencing of immune cells with immune checkpoint inhibitors can increase the response rate of immune checkpoint inhibitors, decrease the immune-related adverse events, and facilitate tumoral cell elimination. This study aims to review key pathways involved in tumor development and shed light on single-cell sequencing. It also intends to address the shortcomings of immune checkpoint inhibitors, i.e., their varied response rates among cancer patients and increased risk of autoimmunity development, via applying the data from the single-cell sequencing of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Derakhshani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran; (A.D.); (M.A.S.); (S.T.); (N.J.T.); (R.V.A.); (N.A.)
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Zeinab Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 97178-53577, Iran; (Z.R.); (O.K.)
| | - Hossein Safarpour
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 97178-53577, Iran;
| | - Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran; (A.D.); (M.A.S.); (S.T.); (N.J.T.); (R.V.A.); (N.A.)
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14766, Iran
| | | | | | - Sina Taefehshokr
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran; (A.D.); (M.A.S.); (S.T.); (N.J.T.); (R.V.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Neda Jalili Tabrizi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran; (A.D.); (M.A.S.); (S.T.); (N.J.T.); (R.V.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Omid Kooshkaki
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 97178-53577, Iran; (Z.R.); (O.K.)
| | - Reza Vaezi Astamal
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran; (A.D.); (M.A.S.); (S.T.); (N.J.T.); (R.V.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Principal Research Technologist, Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Rd S, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - Nima Taefehshokr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Human Immunology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
| | - Nazila Alizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran; (A.D.); (M.A.S.); (S.T.); (N.J.T.); (R.V.A.); (N.A.)
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51656-65811, Iran; (A.D.); (M.A.S.); (S.T.); (N.J.T.); (R.V.A.); (N.A.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14766, Iran
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Krushkal J, Negi S, Yee LM, Evans JR, Grkovic T, Palmisano A, Fang J, Sankaran H, McShane LM, Zhao Y, O'Keefe BR. Molecular genomic features associated with in vitro response of the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel to natural products. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:381-406. [PMID: 33169510 PMCID: PMC7858122 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products remain a significant source of anticancer chemotherapeutics. The search for targeted drugs for cancer treatment includes consideration of natural products, which may provide new opportunities for antitumor cytotoxicity as single agents or in combination therapy. We examined the association of molecular genomic features in the well-characterized NCI-60 cancer cell line panel with in vitro response to treatment with 1302 small molecules which included natural products, semisynthetic natural product derivatives, and synthetic compounds based on a natural product pharmacophore from the Developmental Therapeutics Program of the US National Cancer Institute's database. These compounds were obtained from a variety of plant, marine, and microbial species. Molecular information utilized for the analysis included expression measures for 23059 annotated transcripts, lncRNAs, and miRNAs, and data on protein-changing single nucleotide variants in 211 cancer-related genes. We found associations of expression of multiple genes including SLFN11, CYP2J2, EPHX1, GPC1, ELF3, and MGMT involved in DNA damage repair, NOTCH family members, ABC and SLC transporters, and both mutations in tyrosine kinases and BRAF V600E with NCI-60 responses to specific categories of natural products. Hierarchical clustering identified groups of natural products, which correlated with a specific mechanism of action. Specifically, several natural product clusters were associated with SLFN11 gene expression, suggesting that potential action of these compounds may involve DNA damage. The associations between gene expression or genome alterations of functionally relevant genes with the response of cancer cells to natural products provide new information about potential mechanisms of action of these identified clusters of compounds with potentially similar biological effects. This information will assist in future drug discovery and in design of new targeted cancer chemotherapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Simarjeet Negi
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Laura M. Yee
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Jason R. Evans
- Natural Products BranchDevelopmental Therapeutics ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA
| | - Tanja Grkovic
- Natural Products Support GroupFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMDUSA
| | - Alida Palmisano
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
- General Dynamics Information Technology (GDIT)Falls ChurchVAUSA
| | - Jianwen Fang
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Hari Sankaran
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Lisa M. McShane
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteNIHRockvilleMDUSA
| | - Barry R. O'Keefe
- Natural Products BranchDevelopmental Therapeutics ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA
- Molecular Targets ProgramCenter for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMDUSA
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12
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Stassen OMJA, Ristori T, Sahlgren CM. Notch in mechanotransduction - from molecular mechanosensitivity to tissue mechanostasis. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/24/jcs250738. [PMID: 33443070 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.250738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue development and homeostasis are controlled by mechanical cues. Perturbation of the mechanical equilibrium triggers restoration of mechanostasis through changes in cell behavior, while defects in these restorative mechanisms lead to mechanopathologies, for example, osteoporosis, myopathies, fibrosis or cardiovascular disease. Therefore, sensing mechanical cues and integrating them with the biomolecular cell fate machinery is essential for the maintenance of health. The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell and tissue fate in nearly all tissues. Notch activation is directly and indirectly mechanosensitive, and regulation of Notch signaling, and consequently cell fate, is integral to the cellular response to mechanical cues. Fully understanding the dynamic relationship between molecular signaling, tissue mechanics and tissue remodeling is challenging. To address this challenge, engineered microtissues and computational models play an increasingly large role. In this Review, we propose that Notch takes on the role of a 'mechanostat', maintaining the mechanical equilibrium of tissues. We discuss the reciprocal role of Notch in the regulation of tissue mechanics, with an emphasis on cardiovascular tissues, and the potential of computational and engineering approaches to unravel the complex dynamic relationship between mechanics and signaling in the maintenance of cell and tissue mechanostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M J A Stassen
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Cecilia M Sahlgren
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland .,Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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13
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Han Q, Han F, Fan Y, Lian B, Xiao J, Sun W, Han D, Kou H, Li C, Wu B. Notch3 is involved in the proliferation of renal cancer cells via regulation of cell cycle progression and HIF-2α. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:379. [PMID: 33154777 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system. Although deregulation of the Notch signaling pathway is common in RCC and is involved in the tumorigenic process, the exact role of Notch3 and its underlying molecular mechanism in RCC, particularly in hypoxia, remain unknown. In the present study, RO4929097, a Notch3 inhibitor, was used to alter NICD3 expression. A Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, EdU incorporation assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and western blot analysis were used to investigate the effects of altered NICD3 expression on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and HIF-2α protein expression. The results of western blot analysis showed that RO4929097 dose-dependently decreased the expression of Notch3 intracellular domain (NICD3) in 786-O and ACHN cells, which originate from clear cell RCC (ccRCC). The results of the Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU incorporation and colony formation assays demonstrated that downregulation of NICD3 significantly suppressed cell proliferation in both normoxia and hypoxia. In addition, flow cytometry and western blot analysis demonstrated that hypoxia (2% O2) promoted cell cycle progression in ccRCC cells with the increased expression of G1-S transition-associated proteins, namely cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4 and cyclin D1, while downregulation of NICD3 exerted negative effects on cell cycle progression, and the expression levels of CDK4 and cyclin D1. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that 2% O2-induced upregulated hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) expression decreased following downregulation of NICD3 in 786-O and ACHN cells. Following transfection of the vector containing the NICD3 coding sequence, HIF-2α, CDK4, cyclin D1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression, that were inhibited by RO4929097 in hypoxia, were rescued. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that Notch3 is closely associated with the cell proliferation of ccRCC cells by regulating the cell cycle and HIF-2α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Han
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China.,Department of Urinary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Fangzhu Han
- Center of Science Experiments, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Yisheng Fan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Lian
- Center of Science Experiments, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Jinyang Xiao
- Center of Science Experiments, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Urinary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Dongbing Han
- Department of Urinary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Kou
- Department of Urinary Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Center of Science Experiments, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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14
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Long J, Yang C, Zheng Y, Loughran P, Guang F, Li Y, Liao H, Scott MJ, Tang D, Billiar TR, Deng M. Notch signaling protects CD4 T cells from STING-mediated apoptosis during acute systemic inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/39/eabc5447. [PMID: 32967837 PMCID: PMC7531880 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc5447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of T cell apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of acute systemic inflammation-induced immunosuppression, as seen in sepsis and trauma. However, the regulatory mechanisms of T cell apoptosis are unclear. Activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has been shown to induce T cell apoptosis. Notch was previously identified as the top negative regulator of STING in macrophages through a kinase inhibitor library screening. However, how Notch signaling regulates STING activation in T cells is unknown. Here, using a γ-secretase inhibitor to block Notch signaling, we found that Notch protected CD4 T cells from STING-mediated apoptosis during endotoxemia. Mechanistically, Notch intracellular domain (NICD) interacted with STING at the cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) binding domain and competed with CDN to inhibit STING activation. In conclusion, our data reveal a previously unidentified role of Notch in negative regulation of STING-mediated apoptosis in CD4 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junke Long
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
- Department of Surgery current visiting research scholar, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chenxuan Yang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Surgery former visiting research scholar; 10/24/2016 to 7/27/2018, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yawen Zheng
- Department of Surgery current visiting research scholar, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Patricia Loughran
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Biological Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fu Guang
- Department of Surgery current visiting research scholar, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
- Department of Surgery former visiting research scholar; 9/1/2018 to 1/31/2020, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hong Liao
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Melanie J Scott
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Timothy R Billiar
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Meihong Deng
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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15
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Ding WJ, Wu WJ, Chen YW, Chen HB, Fan JG, Qiao L. Expression of Notch family is altered in non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:1702-1708. [PMID: 32705262 PMCID: PMC7411296 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the dynamic relationship between Notch and non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), both in vitro and in vivo. The LX2, Huh7 and MIHA hepatic cell lines were used to establish a cell steatosis model induced by palmitic acid (PA) at different concentrations (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mM). Cell proliferation and migration were assessed using a 5‑bromo‑2'‑deoxyuridine kit and a wound healing assay. The dosage of 0.25 mM PA for 36‑48 h treatment was chosen for subsequent experiments. Steatotic cells were identified by Oil Red O staining. Feeding mice a methionine‑choline‑deficient (MCD) diet is known induce a model of NAFLD, compared with a methionine‑choline‑sufficient (MCS) diet. Therefore, Notch family mRNA expression was evaluated in the liver of MCD‑fed mice at varying time points (days 5, 10, 21 and 70) using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR. Notch expression levels were also assessed in cell lines at 12, 24, 36 and 48 h after PA treatment. Notch signaling molecules changed in the PA or MCD model over time. In vitro, the mRNA levels of Notch1, ‑2 and ‑4 increased in all cell lines after 12‑h PA treatment. At 24 h, these genes were upregulated only in LX2 cells, while showing a 'down‑up' pattern in MIHA cells (i.e. these genes were downregulated at 24 h but upregulated at 36 h). However, expression of Notch1, ‑2, ‑3 and ‑4 mRNA rose significantly in the early stage (day 10) of NAFLD. At week 3, the levels of Notch1 and ‑2 were higher in the MCD group than in the MCS group, while the reverse was observed for Notch3 and ‑4. Expression of these four genes increased again in the late stage (day 70) of NAFLD. Therefore, these results indicated that Notch family members Notch1‑4 were involved in the development of NAFLD and played an important role in steatosis in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jin Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jie Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Wen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Han-Bei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The Westmead Clinical School, Westmead Hospital, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
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16
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Potilinski MC, Lorenc V, Perisset S, Gallo JE. Mechanisms behind Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss in Diabetes and Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072351. [PMID: 32231131 PMCID: PMC7177797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes produces several changes in the body triggered by high glycemia. Some of these changes include altered metabolism, structural changes in blood vessels and chronic inflammation. The eye and particularly the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are not spared, and the changes eventually lead to cell loss and visual function impairment. Understanding the mechanisms resulting in RGC damage and loss from diabetic retinopathy is essential to find an effective treatment. This review focuses mainly on the signaling pathways and molecules involved in RGC loss and the potential therapeutic approaches for the prevention of this cell death. Throughout the manuscript it became evident that multiple factors of different kind are responsible for RGC damage. This shows that new therapeutic agents targeting several factors at the same time are needed. Alpha-1 antitrypsin as an anti-inflammatory agent may become a suitable option for the treatment of RGC loss because of its beneficial interaction with several signaling pathways involved in RGC injury and inflammation. In conclusion, alpha-1 antitrypsin may become a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of RGC loss and processes behind diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Constanza Potilinski
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Valeria Lorenc
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Sofía Perisset
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Juan Eduardo Gallo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
- Departamento de Oftalmologia, Hospital Universitario Austral, Av. Juan Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +54-91164038725
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17
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Huo C, Zhang MY, Li R, Zhou XJ, Liu TT, Li JP, Liu X, Qu YQ. Comprehensive analysis of TPX2-related ceRNA network as prognostic biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2427-2439. [PMID: 33029085 PMCID: PMC7532481 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.49053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) is believed to play vital roles in tumorigenesis. The goal of this study was to screen prognostic biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods: Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases (TCGA) using GEO2R and "limma" package in R, respectively. Overlapping DEGs were conducted using enrichment of functions and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to discover significant candidate genes. By using a comprehensive analysis, we constructed an mRNA mediated ceRNA network. Survival rates were used Kaplan-Meier analysis. Statistical analysis was used to further identify the prognosis of studied genes. Results: Integrated analysis of GSE32863 and TCGA databases, a total of 886 overlapping DEGs, including 279 up-regulated and 607 down-regulated genes were identified. Considering the highest term of candidate genes in PPI, we identified TPX2, which was enriched in cell division signaling pathway. Besides, 35 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were predicted to target TPX2 and only 7 DEmiRNAs were identified to be prognostic biomarkers in LUAD. Then, 30 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) were predicted to bind these 7 DEmiRNAs. Finally, we found that 7 DElncRNAs were correlated with the overall survival (all p <0.05). Furthermore, we identified elevated TPX2 was strongly correlated with the worse survival rate among 458 samples. Univariate and multivariate cox analysis showed TPX2 may act as an independent factor for prognosis in LUAD (p <0.05). Then pathway enrichment results suggested that TPX2 may facilitate tumorigenesis by participating in several cancer-related signaling pathways in LUAD, especially in Notch signal pathway. Conclusions: TPX2-related lncRNAs and miRNAs are related to the survival of LUAD. 7 lncRNAs, 7 miRNAs and TPX2 may serve as prognostic biomarkers in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Huo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Meng-Yu Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xi-Jia Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jian-Ping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yi-Qing Qu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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18
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Krishna BM, Jana S, Singhal J, Horne D, Awasthi S, Salgia R, Singhal SS. Notch signaling in breast cancer: From pathway analysis to therapy. Cancer Lett 2019; 461:123-131. [PMID: 31326555 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway, which is highly conserved from sea urchins to humans, plays an important role in cell-differentiation, survival, proliferation, stem-cell renewal, and determining cell fate during development and morphogenesis. It is well established that signaling pathways are dysregulated in a wide-range of diseases, including human malignancies. Studies suggest that the dysregulation of the Notch pathway contributes to carcinogenesis, cancer stem cell renewal, angiogenesis, and chemo-resistance. Elevated levels of Notch receptors and ligands have been associated with cancer-progression and poor survival. Furthermore, the Notch signaling pathway regulates the transcriptional activity of key target genes through crosstalk with several other signaling pathways. Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that the Notch signaling pathway may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of several cancers, including breast cancer. Researchers have demonstrated the anti-tumor properties of Notch inhibitors in various cancer types. Currently, Notch inhibitors are being evaluated for anticancer efficacy in a number of clinical-trials. However, because there are multiple Notch receptors that can exhibit either oncogenic or tumor-suppressing roles in various cells, it is important that the Notch inhibitors are specific to particular receptors that are tumorigenic in nature. This review critically evaluates existing Notch inhibitory drugs and strategies and summarizes the previous discoveries, current understandings, and recent developments in support of Notch receptors as therapeutic targets in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Madhu Krishna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Samir Jana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jyotsana Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - David Horne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Sanjay Awasthi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Sharad S Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
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19
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He G, Mu T, Yuan Y, Yang W, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Bian M, Pan Y, Xiang Q, Chen Z, Sun A. Effects of Notch Signaling Pathway in Cervical Cancer by Curcumin Mediated Photodynamic Therapy and Its Possible Mechanisms in Vitro and in Vivo. J Cancer 2019; 10:4114-4122. [PMID: 31417656 PMCID: PMC6692604 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, as a high effect and low toxicity anti-cancer drug and photosensitiser, has synergistic and complementary effects with photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, due to its unclear mechanism, PDT's application and efficacy were limited. Notch signaling pathway, which is highly correlates with carcinogenesis and development of cervical cancer, could be a potential therapeutic targets to improve the effectiveness of PDT. Therefore, in this study, we explored the effects of Notch signaling pathway in cervical cancer by curcumin mediated PDT with/without Notch receptor blocker (DAPT), and hope to elucidate its mechanism. Firstly, the effect on the proliferation of cervical cancer Me180 cells were detected with MTT assay, and apoptosis were detected with Annexin V-FITC/PI combined with flow cytometry. Secondly, after establishment of nude mice model, dividing the experimental animals into model group, curcumin PDT group, simple DAPT group, and curcumin-PDT+DAPT group, and analyzing tumor volume changes as well as HE staining in each group. mRNA and protein expression of gene Notch-1 and its downstream NF-κB and VEGF were observed with RT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining and Western-blot with/without inhibition of Notch signaling pathway by DAPT, both in vivo and in vitro experiments. We found both DAPT and curcumin-PDT can inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of cervical cancer cell. The two have synergistic effect in vitro and in vivo. This effect can effectively block the conduction of Notch signaling pathway, which is associated with down-regulation of the expression of Notch1 and NF-κB. Notch signaling pathway could be one of the targets of curcumin-PDT photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang He
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 100029
| | - Tianlong Mu
- Department of Pathology, Oriental Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, 100078
| | - Yali Yuan
- China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China, 100029
| | - Wenyan Yang
- China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China, 100029
| | - Yuan Zhang
- China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China, 100029
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 100029
| | - Meilu Bian
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 100029
| | - Yanshu Pan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, 100029
| | - Qing Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing , China, 100029
| | - Zhihua Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing , China, 100029
| | - Aiping Sun
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 100029
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Ren Z, Zhang C, Ma L, Zhang X, Shi S, Tang D, Xu J, Hu Y, Wang B, Zhang F, Zhang X, Zheng H. Lysophosphatidic acid induces the migration and invasion of SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells through the LPA2 and Notch signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:67-78. [PMID: 31115486 PMCID: PMC6559315 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a simple water‑soluble glycerophospholipid with growth factor‑like activity, regulates certain behaviors of multiple cancer types by binding to its receptor, LPA receptor 2 (LPA2). Notch1 is a key mediator in multiple human cancer cell types. The association between LPA2 and Notch1 in gastric cancer cells is not well known. The present study aimed to investigate the function of LPA2 and Notch1 in controlling the migration and invasion activities of SGC‑7901 gastric cancer cells following stimulation with LPA. It was revealed that LPA may stimulate the expression of Notch1 and Hes family bHLH transcription factor 1, and the phosphorylation of protein kinase B which belongs to the Notch pathway. Furthermore, by performing transwell migration and invasion assays, immunofluorescent staining, analyzing the expression of markers for the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) and downregulating LPA2 and Notch1 expression, it was verified that LPA2 and Notch1 mediated the metastasis, invasion, EMT and rebuilding of the cytoskeleton of SGC‑7901 cells upon LPA treatment. An immunoprecipitation assay revealed that LPA2 interacted with Notch1 in SGC‑7901 cells. The present study may provide novel ideas and an experimental basis for identifying the factors that affect the functions of SGC‑7901 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Ren
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Chenli Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Linna Ma
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shuxia Shi
- Clinical Teaching Department of Lanzhou Modern Vocational College, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Deng Tang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Binsheng Wang
- Department of Third General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- National Foot and Mouth Diseases Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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21
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Zhu M, Wang M, Jiang Y, Wu H, Lu G, Shi W, Cong D, Song S, Liu K, Wang H. Gambogic Acid Induces Apoptosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells by Suppressing Notch Signaling. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7146-7151. [PMID: 30293083 PMCID: PMC6190729 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of Notch signaling was found to be associated with cancer. Gambogic acid (GA) was reported to be an anti-cancer agent. This study investigated the anti-cancer effect of GA on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Involvement of the Notch pathway was also studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS GA at 0, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 μmol/l was used to incubate A549 and SPC-A1 cells. MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability. TUNEL assay was used to detect the apoptosis. Western blotting was used to evaluate protein expression levels, protein phosphorylation levels, and nuclear translocation levels. RESULTS Notch signaling pathway was activated in NSCLC cells. GA treatment significantly inhibited NSCLC cell viability and increased cell apoptosis. GA treatment significantly decreased the expression levels of DLL1, DLL3, DLL4, Jagged1, Jagged2, Bcl2, and PK3K, inhibited NICD nuclear translocation and Akt phosphorylation, and increased expression level of active caspase3. CONCLUSIONS GA inhibited NSCLC cell viability by inducing apoptosis. Inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway was the mechanism involved in the anti-proliferation effect of GA on NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Minjie Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Chun'an Second People's Hospital of Hangzhou City, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yinfang Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Guirong Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Degang Cong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Shaohui Song
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Keyuan Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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22
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Fang HC, Wu BQ, Hao YL, Luo Y, Zhao HL, Zhang WY, Zhang ZL, Liang JJ, Liu W, Chen XH. KRT1 gene silencing ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via the activation of the Notch signaling pathway in mouse models. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3634-3646. [PMID: 30191968 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (MIRI) includes major drawbacks, such as excessive formation of free radicals and also overload of calcium, which lead to cell death, tissue scarring, and remodeling. The current study aims to explore whether KRT1 silencing may ameliorate MIRI via the Notch signaling pathway in mouse models. Myocardial tissues were used for the determination of the positive rate of KRT1 protein expression, apoptosis of myocardial cells, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) expression, expression of related biomarkers as well as myocardial infarction area. The transfected myocardial cells were treated with KRT1-siRNA, Jagged1, and DAPT (inhibitor of Notch-1 signaling pathway). The expression of KRT1, NICD, Hes1, Bcl-2, and Bax protein was detected. The MTT assay was applied for cell proliferation and flow cytometry was used for cell apoptosis. Mice with MIRI had a higher positive rate of KRT1 protein expression, apoptosis of myocardial cells, CK and LDH expression, myocardial infarction area, increased expression of MDA, NO, SDH, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, KRT1, Bax protein, CK, and LDH, and decreased expression of SOD, NICD, Hes1, and Bcl-2. The downregulation of KRT1 led to decreased expression of KRT1 and Bax protein, increased expression of NICD, Hes1, and Bcl-2, decreased cell apoptosis, and improved cell proliferation. The inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway leads to reduced expression of Bax, increased expression of NICD, Hes1, and Bcl 2, and also decreased cell apoptosis and increased cell proliferation. Our data conclude that KRT1 silencing is able to make MIRI better by activating the Notch signaling pathway in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Cheng Fang
- Shenzhen Baoan Shajing People's Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bao-Quan Wu
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun-Ling Hao
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong-Lei Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen-Ying Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin-Jie Liang
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xie-Hui Chen
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Shenzhen Sun Yat-Sen Cardiovascular Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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23
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Kanat O, Ertas H. Shattering the castle walls: Anti-stromal therapy for pancreatic cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2018; 10:202-210. [PMID: 30147846 PMCID: PMC6107476 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i8.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of potent chemotherapy regimens, such as 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) and nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine, treatment outcomes in metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC) remain unsatisfactory. The presence of an abundant fibrous stroma in PC is considered a crucial factor for its unfavorable condition. Apparently, stroma acts as a physical barrier to restrict intratumoral cytotoxic drug penetration and creates a hypoxic environment that reduces the efficacy of radiotherapy. In addition, stroma plays a vital supportive role in the development and progression of PC, which has prompted researchers to assess the potential benefits of agents targeting several cellular (e.g., stellate cells) and acellular (e.g., hyaluronan) elements of the stroma. This study aims to briefly review the primary structural properties of PC stroma and its interaction with cancer cells and summarize the current status of anti-stromal therapies in the management of metastatic PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Kanat
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
| | - Hulya Ertas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
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24
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Aco-Tlachi M, Carreño-López R, Martínez-Morales PL, Maycotte P, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Jave-Suárez LF, Santos-López G, Reyes-Leyva J, Vallejo-Ruiz V. Glycogene expression profiles based on microarray data from cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with partially silenced E6 and E7 HPV oncogenes. Infect Agent Cancer 2018; 13:25. [PMID: 30038662 PMCID: PMC6053821 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-018-0197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic of tumour cells. The expression of certain glycan structures has been associated with poor prognosis. In cervical carcinoma, changes in the expression levels of some glycogenes have been associated with lymph invasion. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most important factors underlying the development of cervical cancer. The HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 have been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis and can modify the host gene expression profile. The roles of these oncoproteins in glycosylation changes have not been previously reported. Methods To determine the effect of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins on glycogene expression we partially silenced the E6 and E7 oncogenes in HeLa cells, we performed a microarray expression assay to identify altered glycogenes and quantified the mRNA levels of glycogenes by RT-qPCR. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed to identify potentially altered glycosylation pathways. Results The microarray analysis showed 9 glycogenes that were upregulated and 7 glycogenes that were downregulated in HeLa shE6/E7 cells. Some of these genes participate in glycosylation related to Notch proteins and O-glycans antigens. Conclusions Our results support that E6 and E7 oncoproteins could modify glycogene expression the products of which participate in the synthesis of structures implicated in proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Aco-Tlachi
- 1Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Km. 4.5 Carretera Federal Atlixco-Metepec, Atlixco, C.P. 74360 Puebla, Mexico.,2Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Edificio 103-J Cd. Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, C.P. 72570 Puebla, Pue Mexico
| | - Ricardo Carreño-López
- 2Posgrado en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Edificio 103-J Cd. Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, C.P. 72570 Puebla, Pue Mexico
| | - Patricia L Martínez-Morales
- 4CONACYT- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Km. 4.5 Carretera Federal Atlixco-Metepec, Atlixco, C.P. 74360 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Paola Maycotte
- 4CONACYT- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Km. 4.5 Carretera Federal Atlixco-Metepec, Atlixco, C.P. 74360 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- 3Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada 800, Col Independencia, C.P. 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- 3Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada 800, Col Independencia, C.P. 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico
| | - Gerardo Santos-López
- 1Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Km. 4.5 Carretera Federal Atlixco-Metepec, Atlixco, C.P. 74360 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Julio Reyes-Leyva
- 1Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Km. 4.5 Carretera Federal Atlixco-Metepec, Atlixco, C.P. 74360 Puebla, Mexico
| | - Verónica Vallejo-Ruiz
- 1Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Km. 4.5 Carretera Federal Atlixco-Metepec, Atlixco, C.P. 74360 Puebla, Mexico
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25
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Bai L, Wang A, Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhang X. Knockdown of MALAT1 enhances chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin through inhibiting the Notch1 signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 366:161-171. [PMID: 29548748 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators in chemoresistance of various tumors including ovarian cancer. Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been reported to be upregulated and contributed to ovarian cancer tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the roles of MALAT1 and the underlying molecular regulatory mechanism in the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. Our data demonstrated that MALAT1 and Notch1 mRNA were upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues, as well as cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant ovarian cancer cells. A positive correlation between MALAT1 and Notch1 mRNA expression was observed. MALAT1 knockdown significantly attenuated CDDP resistance, and enhanced CDDP-induced apoptosis in CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer cells. MALAT1 knockdown enhanced CDDP-induced apoptosis in vivo, as indicated by upregulation of Bax protein expression and downregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression. Additionally, MALAT1 knockdown inhibited the Notch1 pathway and ABCC1 expression in CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer cells. MALAT1 was demonstrated to interact with Notch1. Notch1 knockdown attenuated CDDP resistance, and downregulated the protein expression of ABCC1 in ovarian cancer cells. Taken together, our findings suggested that knockdown of MALAT-1 enhanced chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to CDDP through inhibiting Notch1 signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/metabolism
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/secondary
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/drug therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/secondary
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Endometrial Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism
- Endometrial Neoplasms/secondary
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Prognosis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, No. 292 Kaixuan Nan Road, Suiyang District, Shangqiu 476100, China.
| | - Aihua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, No. 292 Kaixuan Nan Road, Suiyang District, Shangqiu 476100, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, No. 292 Kaixuan Nan Road, Suiyang District, Shangqiu 476100, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, No. 292 Kaixuan Nan Road, Suiyang District, Shangqiu 476100, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, No. 292 Kaixuan Nan Road, Suiyang District, Shangqiu 476100, China
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26
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Mohammad KS, Guise TA. Breaking Down Barriers to Chemoresistance: Role of Chemotherapy-Induced Osteoblastic Jagged1. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:717-718. [PMID: 29232546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone metastases are incurable. The bone microenvironment has always been a suspect for this clinical enigma, but the exact mechanisms have been unclear. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Zheng and colleagues provide evidence that chemotherapy itself induces chemoresistance of bone metastases, mediated by osteoblast Jagged1-induced tumor Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid S Mohammad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Theresa A Guise
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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27
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Zhang J, Yu K, Han X, Zhen L, Liu M, Zhang X, Ren Y, Shi J. Paeoniflorin influences breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion via inhibition of the Notch‑1 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1321-1325. [PMID: 29115554 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently occurring malignant tumors affecting women's health. At least one million new cases are diagnosed each year. Therefore, research that aims to identify strategies that inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells has become a primary worldwide focus. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is regarded as a valuable resource in China, and numerous monomer compositions extracted from TCMs have been demonstrated to exhibit antitumor effects. The present study aimed to determine the impact of paeoniflorin (PF) on breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion, and to explore the mechanisms underlying its effects. Different concentrations of PF were applied to MCF‑7 cells at various time points and the Cell Counting kit‑8 assay was used to determine cell proliferation, a transwell invasion assay was employed to determine cell invasion, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction was used to determine notch homolog‑1 (NOTCH‑1) and Hes family basic helix‑loop helix transcription factor (HES)‑1 mRNA expression levels, and western blotting was used to determine NOTCH‑1 and HES‑1 protein expression levels. The results demonstrated that PF inhibited the proliferation of MCF‑7 cells in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner. Following treatment with different concentrations of PF, the total number of cells present in the PF‑treated groups was significantly lower when compared with the untreated control group (P<0.05). With increasing doses of PF, the rate of cell invasion significantly decreased, indicating a dose‑dependent association. NOTCH‑1 and HES‑1 mRNA expression levels were reduced when compared with the untreated control group, which reached a statistical significance following treatment with 15 and 30 µM PF (P<0.05). NOTCH‑1 and HES‑1 protein levels demonstrated a similar trend to the mRNA levels, whereby an increase in the concentration of PF was associated with a decrease in NOTCH‑1 and HES‑1 protein expression levels. The results of the present study therefore suggest that PF may inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness of breast cancer cells via inhibition of the NOTCH‑1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Xuzhou Tumor Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xuedong Han
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Zhen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Minmin Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Shi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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28
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Zou B, Wang H, Liu Y, Qi P, Lei T, Sun M, Wang Y. Mangiferin induces apoptosis in human ovarian adenocarcinoma OVCAR3 cells via the regulation of Notch3. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1431-1441. [PMID: 28714011 PMCID: PMC5549032 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy in the world. Our previous studies showed that mangiferin, purified from plant source, possessed anti-neoplasm effect on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. This study aimed to determine the apoptosis-inducing effect of mangiferin on human ovarian carcinoma OVCAR3 cells. By in vitro studies, we found mangiferin significantly inhibited viability of OVCAR3 cells, and remarkably increased the sensitivity of OVCAR3 cells to cisplatin. In addition, the activation of caspase-dependent apoptosis was observed in mangiferin treated ovarian cancer cells. Importantly, we observed an obviously downregulated Notch expression after mangiferin treatment, indicating the crucial role of Notch in mangiferin mediated apoptosis. In contrast, overexpression of Notch3 abrogated the apoptosis-inducing efficacy of mangiferin, further demonstrating that mangiferin induced apoptosis via Notch pathway. Furthermore, OVCAR3 cell xenograft models revealed that mangiferin treatment inhibited tumor growth and expanded survival of tumor xenograft mice. Based on these results, we concluded that mangiferin could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in OVCAR3 cells. Our study also suggested the anti-neoplasm effect of mangiferin might be via the regulation of Notch3. Taken together, by targeting cell apoptosis pathways and enhancing the response to cisplatin treatment, mangiferin may represent a potential new drug for the treatment of human ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Zou
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Hailian Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yilong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Ping Qi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical School of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Minghan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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29
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Li Y, Ye J, Chen Z, Wen J, Li F, Su P, Lin Y, Hu B, Wu D, Ning L, Xue Q, Gu H, Ning Y. Annonaceous acetogenins mediated up-regulation of Notch2 exerts growth inhibition in human gastric cancer cells in vitro. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21140-21152. [PMID: 28416750 PMCID: PMC5400572 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a global health problem because of limited treatments and poor prognosis. Annonaceous acetogenins (ACGs) has been reported to exert anti-tumorigenic effects in cancer, yet the mechanism underlying its effects on GC remains largely unknown. Notch signaling plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Therefore, it may contribute to the development of GC. This study aims to explore the role of Notch2 in ACGs’ activities in GC cells. Results ACGs inhibited GC cells’ viability in a dose dependent manner and led to cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase with an increased Notch2 expression. Additionally, Notch2 siRNA reduced ACGs-induced cell growth inhibition while Notch2 cDNA transfection did the opposite. Materials and Methods ACGs were administrated in GC cells and cell proliferation was assayed by MTS, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. Additionally, the expression of Notch2 and the downstream target Hes1 were identified by Western blot. Furthermore, Notch2-siRNA transfection and Notch2-cDNA were performed to investigate the role of Notch2 in the antitumor effect of ACGs. Conclusions: Up-regulation of Notch2 by ACGs is a potential therapeutic strategy for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Jianbin Ye
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Zhongbiao Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Junjie Wen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Pengpeng Su
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Yanqing Lin
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Bingxin Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Danlin Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Lijun Ning
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Qi Xue
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Hongxiang Gu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
| | - Yunshan Ning
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR. China
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Yin Q, Wang W, Cui G, Nan H, Yan L, Zhang W, Zhang S, Wei J. The expression levels of Notch-related signaling molecules in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in bleomycin-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis. Physiol Res 2016; 66:305-315. [PMID: 27982686 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the Notch signaling pathway plays a very important role in the proliferation and differentiation of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression level of Notch-related signaling molecules in PMVECs in bleomycin (BLM)-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and real-time PCR were used to analyze the differences in protein and mRNA expression levels of Notch-related signaling molecules, i.e. Notch1, Jagged1, Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4), and hairy and enhancer of split homolog 1 (Hes1), between a control group treated with intratracheal instillation of saline and a study group treated with intratracheal instillation of BLM solution. Expression levels of the receptor Notch1 and one of its ligands, Jagged1, were upregulated, while the expression levels of the ligand Dll4 and the target molecule of the Notch signaling pathway, Hes1, were downregulated. The differences in protein and mRNA expression levels between the control and study groups were significant (p<0.001). The Jagged1/Notch1 signaling pathway is activated in the pathogenesis of BLM-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis, while the Dll4/Notch1 signaling pathway is inhibited, which inhibits the suppressive effect of Dll4/Notch1 signaling on PMVEC overproliferation, further causing PMVEC dysfunction in cell sprouting and maturation as well as abnormal differentiation of the cell phenotype. Conversely, the down-expression of Hes1 indicates that the Jagged1/Notch1 signaling pathway could be a non-canonical Notch signaling pathway independent of Hes1 activation, which differs from the canonical Dll4/Notch1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yin
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, P. R. China
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Irles P, Elshaer N, Piulachs MD. The Notch pathway regulates both the proliferation and differentiation of follicular cells in the panoistic ovary of Blattella germanica. Open Biol 2016; 6:150197. [PMID: 26763344 PMCID: PMC4736824 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch pathway is an essential regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation during development. Its involvement in insect oogenesis has been examined in insect species with meroistic ovaries, and it is known to play a fundamental role in cell fate decisions and the induction of the mitosis-to-endocycle switch in follicular cells (FCs). This work reports the functions of the main components of the Notch pathway (Notch and its ligands Delta and Serrate) during oogenesis in Blattella germanica, a phylogenetically basal species with panoistic ovary. As is revealed by RNAi-based analyses, Notch and Delta were found to contribute towards maintaining the FCs in an immature, non-apoptotic state. This ancestral function of Notch appears in opposition to the induction of transition from mitosis to endocycle that Notch exerts in Drosophila melanogaster, a change in the Notch function that might be in agreement with the evolution of the insect ovary types. Notch was also shown to play an active role in inducing ovarian follicle elongation via the regulation of the cytoskeleton. In addition, Delta and Notch interactions were seen to determine the differentiation of the posterior population of FCs. Serrate levels were found to be Notch-dependent and are involved in the control of the FC programme, although they would appear to play no crucial role in panoistic ovary oogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Irles
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nashwa Elshaer
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-Dolors Piulachs
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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Baeten JT, Lilly B. Notch Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 78:351-382. [PMID: 28212801 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is a highly conserved pathway involved in cell fate determination in embryonic development and also functions in the regulation of physiological processes in several systems. It plays an especially important role in vascular development and physiology by influencing angiogenesis, vessel patterning, arterial/venous specification, and vascular smooth muscle biology. Aberrant or dysregulated Notch signaling is the cause of or a contributing factor to many vascular disorders, including inherited vascular diseases, such as cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, associated with degeneration of the smooth muscle layer in cerebral arteries. Like most signaling pathways, the Notch signaling axis is influenced by complex interactions with mediators of other signaling pathways. This complexity is also compounded by different members of the Notch family having both overlapping and unique functions. Thus, it is vital to fully understand the roles and interactions of each Notch family member in order to effectively and specifically target their exact contributions to vascular disease. In this chapter, we will review the Notch signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells as it relates to vascular development and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Baeten
- The Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - B Lilly
- The Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
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Zong D, Ouyang R, Li J, Chen Y, Chen P. Notch signaling in lung diseases: focus on Notch1 and Notch3. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2016; 10:468-84. [PMID: 27378579 PMCID: PMC5933616 DOI: 10.1177/1753465816654873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved cell–cell communication mechanism
that plays a key role in lung homeostasis, injury and repair. The loss of
regulation of Notch signaling, especially Notch1 and Notch3, has recently been
linked to the pathogenesis of important lung diseases, in particular, chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary
arterial hypertension (PAH), lung cancer and lung lesions in some congenital
diseases. This review focuses on recent advances related to the mechanisms and
the consequences of aberrant or absent Notch1/3 activity in the initiation and
progression of lung diseases. Our increasing understanding of this signaling
pathway offers great hope that manipulating Notch signaling may represent a
promising alternative complementary therapeutic strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruoyun Ouyang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
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Notch signaling indirectly promotes chondrocyte hypertrophy via regulation of BMP signaling and cell cycle arrest. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25594. [PMID: 27146698 PMCID: PMC4857138 DOI: 10.1038/srep25594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle regulation is critical for chondrocyte differentiation and hypertrophy. Recently we identified the Notch signaling pathway as an important regulator of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation during mouse cartilage development. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we assessed the role for Notch signaling regulation of the cell cycle during chondrocyte differentiation. Real-time RT-PCR data showed that over-expression of the Notch Intracellular Domain (NICD) significantly induced the expression of p57, a cell cycle inhibitor, in chondrocytes. Flow cytometric analyses further confirmed that over-expression of NICD in chondrocytes enhances the G0/G1 cell cycle transition and cell cycle arrest. In contrast, treatment of chondrocytes with the Notch inhibitor, DAPT, decreased both endogenous and BMP2-induced SMAD 1/5/8 phosphorylation and knockdown of SMAD 1/5/8 impaired NICD-induced chondrocyte differentiation and p57 expression. Co-immunoprecipitation using p-SMAD 1/5/8 and NICD antibodies further showed a strong interaction of these proteins during chondrocyte maturation. Finally, RT-PCR and Western blot results revealed a significant reduction in the expression of the SMAD-related phosphatase, PPM1A, following NICD over-expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Notch signaling induces cell cycle arrest and thereby initiates chondrocyte hypertrophy via BMP/SMAD-mediated up-regulation of p57.
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Kumar R, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Golshayan D. Notch Antagonists: Potential Modulators of Cancer and Inflammatory Diseases. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7719-37. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Transplantation
Center and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Department
of Medicine and ‡University Institute of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucienne Juillerat-Jeanneret
- Transplantation
Center and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Department
of Medicine and ‡University Institute of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dela Golshayan
- Transplantation
Center and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Department
of Medicine and ‡University Institute of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Xie M, He J, He C, Wei S. γ Secretase inhibitor BMS-708163 reverses resistance to EGFR inhibitor via the PI3K/Akt pathway in lung cancer. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:1019-27. [PMID: 25561332 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma cells harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Acquired resistance to EGFR TKI develops after prolonged treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the novel γ secretase inhibitor BMS-708163 on acquired resistance to the EGFR TKI gefitinib. We did not observe known mechanisms of acquired resistance to EGFR TKI, including the EGFR T790M mutation and MET gene amplification in the gefitinib-resistant PC9/AB2 cells. BMS-708163 inhibited PI3K/Akt expression and sensitized PC9/AB2 cells to gefitinib-induced cytotoxicity. In contrast, BMS-708163 had no significant effect on gefitinib sensitivity in PC9 parental cells. Combined treatment with BMS-708163 and gefitinib induced high levels of apoptosis. Our in vivo studies showed that combined treatment of gefitinib and BMS-708163 inhibited the growth of PC9/AB2 xenografts. In conclusion, our data show that combined treatment of gefitinib and γ secretase inhibitors may be useful for treating lung adenocarcinomas harboring EGFR mutations with acquired gefitinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Xie
- China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
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A Role for Notch Signalling in Breast Cancer and Endocrine Resistance. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:2498764. [PMID: 26880941 PMCID: PMC4736972 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2498764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, there has been growing interest in the Notch signalling pathway within the breast cancer field. This interest stemmed initially from the observation that Notch signalling is aberrantly activated in breast cancer and its effects on various cellular processes including proliferation, apoptosis, and cancer stem cell activity. However more recently, elevated Notch signalling has been correlated with therapy resistance in oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. As a result, inhibiting Notch signalling with therapeutic agents is being explored as a promising treatment option for breast cancer patients.
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Zeng C, Xing R, Liu J, Xing F. Role of CSL-dependent and independent Notch signaling pathways in cell apoptosis. Apoptosis 2015; 21:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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NOTCH2 missplicing can occur in relation to apoptosis. Blood 2015; 126:1731-2. [PMID: 26429967 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-07-657825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Expression Quantitative Trait Loci for CARD8 Contributes to Risk of Two Infection-Related Cancers--Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cervical Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132352. [PMID: 26147888 PMCID: PMC4492972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Caspase recruitment domain family, member 8 (CARD8) can coordinate innate and adaptive immune responses and sensitize cells to apoptosis, which may participate in tumorigenesis of virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cervical cancer. By bioinformatics analyses, we identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within a new identified long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) for CARD8. In this study, we therefore hypothesized that CARD8 eQTLs SNPs within lncRNA may influence the risk of HCC and cervical cancer. We performed two independent case-control studies of 1,300 cases with HBV-positive HCC and 1,344 normal controls, together with 1,486 cervical cancer patients and 1,536 control subjects to test the association between eQTLs SNP (rs7248320) for CARD8 and the risk of HCC and cervical cancer. The variant genotype of rs7248320 was significantly associated with increased risk of HCC and cervical cancer [GG vs. AA/GA: adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.61, P = 0.028 for HCC; adjusted OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.09–1.66, P = 0.006 for cervical cancer]. Moreover, the effect of rs7248320 on cervical cancer risk was more prominent in premenopausal women. Further interactive analysis detected a significantly multiplicative interaction between rs7248320 and menopausal status on cervical cancer risk (P = 0.018). These findings suggest that CARD8 eQTLs SNP may serve as a susceptibility marker for virus-related HCC and cervical cancer.
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Turrini E, Ferruzzi L, Fimognari C. Natural compounds to overcome cancer chemoresistance: toxicological and clinical issues. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:1677-90. [PMID: 25339439 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.972933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Defects in initiating or executing cell death programs are responsible for cancer chemoresistance. The growing understanding of apoptotic programs suggests that compounds simultaneously inhibiting multiple signaling pathways might provide a better therapeutic outcome than that of individual inhibitors. AREAS COVERED Natural compounds can modulate different survival pathways, thus enhancing the therapeutic effects of anticancer treatments. This review provides an overview of the preclinical and clinical relevance of chemosensitization, giving special reference to curcumin (CUR) and sulforaphane (SFN) as agents to overcome apoptosis resistance against chemotherapy. EXPERT OPINION Even if CUR and SFN are common dietary constituents, they are characterized by several problems still unresolved and hampering their development as anticancer drugs. For a drug to be safe, it must be devoid of toxicity, and some studies conducted to date raises concern about CUR and SFN safety. Moreover, the efficacy of a drug, alone or in association, is usually determined by randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials. No such trials have shown CUR and SFN to be effective so far. Thus, caution should be exercised when suggesting the use of CUR or SFN for cancer-related therapeutic purpose, especially for very early stage of malignancy, or in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Turrini
- Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Department for Life Quality Studies , Rimini , Italy +39 0541 434658 ; +39 051 2095624 ;
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Erkekoglu P, Chao MW, Ye W, Ge J, Trudel LJ, Skipper PL, Kocer-Gumusel B, Engelward BP, Wogan GN, Tannenbaum SR. Cytoplasmic and nuclear toxicity of 3,5-dimethylaminophenol and potential protection by selenocompounds. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 72:98-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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MicroRNA-449a reduces cell survival and enhances cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity via downregulation of NOTCH1 in ovarian cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12369-78. [PMID: 25179844 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for the advanced ovarian cancer, but resistance to cisplatin remains a major obstacle to successful treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that play important roles in disease processes, including the development of drug resistance. In this study, we found miR-449a were significantly downregulated in the cisplatin-resistant ovarian cell lines SKOV3/DDP and A2780/DDP, compared with their sensitive parent line SKOV3 and A2780, respectively. The overexpression of miR-449a increased cisplatin sensitivity of SKOV3/DDP and A2780/DDP cells by inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The luciferase assay confirmed that miR-449a functioned through suppressing NOTCH1 directly. Concordantly, BALB/c nude mice that were injected intraperitoneally with SKOV3/DDP cells transfected with miR-449a mimics exhibited enhanced cisplatin sensitivity in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that the ectopic expression of miR-449a may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.
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Detrimental effects of Notch1 signaling activated by cadmium in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1378. [PMID: 25118938 PMCID: PMC4454314 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We examined the roles of Notch1 signaling and its cross-talk with other signaling pathways, including p53 and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, in cadmium-induced cellular damage in HK-2 human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Following exposure to cadmium chloride (CdCl2), the level of Notch intracellular domain (NICD), the cleaved form of the Notch1 receptor, was increased and accumulated in the nuclear fraction. Knockdown of Notch1 with siRNA or treatment with the γ-secretase inhibitor, DAPT (N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl-L-alanyl)]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester), prevented CdCl2-induced morphological change of HK-2 cells and reduction of cell viability. Knockdown of Jagged1 or Jagged2, the ligands of the Notch1 receptor, partially suppressed cadmium cytotoxicity. Inhibition of p53 activity with pifithrin-α or inhibition of PI3K with LY294002 suppressed CdCl2-induced cellular damage and elevation of Notch1-NICD. In addition, treatment with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, AG1478, and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibitor, PPP, suppressed both Notch1-NICD accumulation and Akt phosphorylation in HK-2 cells exposed to CdCl2. However, knockdown of Notch1 did not affect CdCl2-induced p53 accumulation and phosphorylation but suppressed phosphorylation of EGFR, Akt, and p70 S6 kinase. Depletion of Notch1 suppressed CdCl2-induced reduction of E-cadherin expression and elevation of Snail expression. Furthermore, treatment with SB216763, an inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3, suppressed the potency of LY294002 treatment to reduce Snail expression in HK-2 cells exposed to CdCl2. Knockdown of Snail with siRNA partially prevented HK-2 cells from CdCl2-induced reduction of E-cadherin expression and cellular damage. These results suggest that cadmium exposure induces the activation of Notch1 signaling in renal proximal tubular cells with cooperative activation by the p53 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways; the resultant expression of Snail, a repressor of E-cadherin expression, might lead to cellular damage by decreasing cell-cell adhesion.
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Chao MW, Erkekoglu P, Tseng CY, Ye W, Trudel LJ, Skipper PL, Tannenbaum SR, Wogan GN. Intracellular generation of ROS by 3,5-dimethylaminophenol: persistence, cellular response, and impact of molecular toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2014; 141:300-13. [PMID: 24973092 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated extensive human exposure to the monocyclic aromatic amines, particularly to 3,5-dimethylaniline, and found an association between exposure to these compounds and risk for bladder cancer. Little is known about molecular mechanisms that might lead to the observed risk. We previously suggested that the hydroxylated 3,5-dimethylaniline metabolite, 3,5-dimethylaminophenol (3,5-DMAP), played a central role in effecting genetic change through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a redox cycle with 3,5-dimethylquinoneimine. Experiments here characterize ROS generation by 3,5-DMAP exposure in nucleotide repair-proficient and -deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells as a function of time. Besides, various cellular responses discussed herein indicate that ROS production is the principal cause of cytotoxicity. Fluorescence microscopy of cells exposed to 3,5-DMAP confirmed that ROS production occurs in the nuclear compartment, as suggested by a previous study demonstrating covalent linkage between 3,5-DMAP and histones. 3,5-DMAP was also compared with 3,5-dimethylhydroquinone to determine whether substitution of one of the phenolic hydroxyl groups by an amino group had a significant effect on some of the investigated parameters. The comparatively much longer duration of observable ROS produced by 3,5-DMAP (7 vs. 1 day) provides further evidence that 3,5-DMAP becomes embedded in the cellular matrix in a form capable of continued redox cycling. 3,5-DMAP also induced dose-dependent increase of H2O2 and ·OH, which were determined as the major free radicals contributing to the cytotoxicity and apoptosis mediated via caspase-3 activation. Overall, this study provides insight into the progression of alkylaniline-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Chao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli City, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Pinar Erkekoglu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye-Ankara, Turkey
| | - Chia-Yi Tseng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli City, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
| | - Wenjie Ye
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Laura J Trudel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Paul L Skipper
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Steven R Tannenbaum
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Gerald N Wogan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Kim TH, Woo JS, Kim YK, Kim KH. Silibinin Induces Cell Death through Reactive Oxygen Species–Dependent Downregulation of Notch-1/ERK/Akt Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2014; 349:268-78. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.207563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Shen X, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Zhang L, Li J, Xie YA, Luo X. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis and causes S phase arrest in hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing the AKT pathway. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:791-6. [PMID: 24402647 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to inhibit the growth and induce apoptosis of certain cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine the role of EGCG in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying mechanism(s) thereof. MTT assay was used to determine the cell growth inhibition by EGCG. Apoptosis induced by EGCG was investigated by both AO/EB staining and flow cytometry. The cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of the AKT pathway were analyzed by quantitative PCR. The expression of AKT and its phosphorylation at Ser473 were detected by western blotting. The IC50 of EGCG at 48 h for HepG2, SMMC7721 and SK-hep1 cells were 74.7, 59.6 and 61.3 µg/ml, respectively. Significantly higher proportion of SMMC7721 cells entered the S phase upon treatment with EGCG for 48 h compared with control cells. EGCG decreased the mRNA levels of PI3K, AKT and NF-κB. The protein levels of AKT decreased and its phosphorylation at Ser473 was downregulated with EGCG treatment. EGCG inhibited growth by affecting the cell cycle and induced apoptosis in different HCC cells by downregulating PI3K/AKT activity. The results suggest the potential of EGCG as an anticancer agent in the prevention or treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Shen
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Feng
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Litu Zhang
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jilin Li
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yu-An Xie
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Luo
- Research Department, Affiliated Tumour Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
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Hassel C, Zhang B, Dixon M, Calvi BR. Induction of endocycles represses apoptosis independently of differentiation and predisposes cells to genome instability. Development 2013; 141:112-23. [PMID: 24284207 DOI: 10.1242/dev.098871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The endocycle is a common developmental cell cycle variation wherein cells become polyploid through repeated genome duplication without mitosis. We previously showed that Drosophila endocycling cells repress the apoptotic cell death response to genotoxic stress. Here, we investigate whether it is differentiation or endocycle remodeling that promotes apoptotic repression. We find that when nurse and follicle cells switch into endocycles during oogenesis they repress the apoptotic response to DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation, and that this repression has been conserved in the genus Drosophila over 40 million years of evolution. Follicle cells defective for Notch signaling failed to switch into endocycles or differentiate and remained apoptotic competent. However, genetic ablation of mitosis by knockdown of Cyclin A or overexpression of fzr/Cdh1 induced follicle cell endocycles and repressed apoptosis independently of Notch signaling and differentiation. Cells recovering from these induced endocycles regained apoptotic competence, showing that repression is reversible. Recovery from fzr/Cdh1 overexpression also resulted in an error-prone mitosis with amplified centrosomes and high levels of chromosome loss and fragmentation. Our results reveal an unanticipated link between endocycles and the repression of apoptosis, with broader implications for how endocycles may contribute to genome instability and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Hassel
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Leverentz MK, Acar A, Brennan K. Notch: evidence for combining therapies to treat breast cancer. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt.13.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY The Notch signaling pathway has been shown to play a pivotal role in the etiology of breast cancer, as it is aberrantly activated in many forms of the disease, and sustained signaling through the pathway is required to maintain the transformed phenotype. These discoveries have resulted in significant interest in targeting the pathway in breast cancer treatment. Over the past decade, several Notch pathway inhibitors have entered the initial stages of clinical trials as monotherapies. However, recent data have suggested that Notch pathway inhibitors are most effective when used in combination with conventional breast cancer therapies. This review will explore the role of Notch signaling in breast cancer and how inhibition of this pathway in concert with conventional therapies is developing as a viable treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Leverentz
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ahmet Acar
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Keith Brennan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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