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Chun J, Kang T, Seo JP, Jeong H, Kim M, Kim BS, Ahn M, Kim J, Shin T. Glycoconjugate-Specific Developmental Changes in the Horse Vomeronasal Organ. Cells Tissues Organs 2023; 213:147-160. [PMID: 36599327 DOI: 10.1159/000528883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a tubular pheromone-sensing organ in which the lumen is covered with sensory and non-sensory epithelia. This study used immunohistochemistry and lectin histochemistry techniques to evaluate developmental changes, specifically of the glycoconjugate profile, in the horse VNO epithelium. Immunostaining analysis revealed PGP9.5 expression in some vomeronasal non-sensory epithelium (VNSE) cells and in the vomeronasal receptor cells of the vomeronasal sensory epithelium (VSE) in fetuses, young foals, and adult horses. Olfactory marker protein expression was exclusively localized in receptor cells of the VSE in fetuses, young foals, and adult horses and absent in VNSE. To identify the glycoconjugate type, lectin histochemistry was performed using 21 lectins. Semi-quantitative analysis revealed that the intensities of glycoconjugates labeled with WGA, DSL, LEL, and RCA120 were significantly higher in adult horse VSE than those in foal VSE, whereas the intensities of glycoconjugates labeled with LCA and PSA were significantly lower in adult horse VSE. The intensities of glycoconjugates labeled with s-WGA, WGA, BSL-II, DSL, LEL, STL, ConA, LCA, PSA, DBA, SBA, SJA, RCA120, jacalin, and ECL were significantly higher in adult horse VNSE than those in foal VNSE, whereas the intensity of glycoconjugates labeled with UEA-I was lower in adult horse VNSE. Histochemical analysis of each lectin revealed that various glycoconjugates in the VSE were present in the receptor, supporting, and basal cells of foals and adult horses. A similar pattern of lectin histochemistry was also observed in the VNSE of foals and adult horses. In conclusion, these results suggest that there is an increase in the level of N-acetylglucosamine (labeled by WGA, DSL, LEL) and galactose (labeled by RCA120) in horse VSE during postnatal development, implying that they may influence the function of VNO in adult horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoon Chun
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Kang
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Pil Seo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyohoon Jeong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhan Kim
- Veterinary Research Institute, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Kim
- Department of Equine Science, Cheju Halla University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyun Shin
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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Wartenberg P, Lux F, Busch K, Fecher-Trost C, Flockerzi V, Krasteva-Christ G, Boehm U, Weissgerber P. A TRPV6 expression atlas for the mouse. Cell Calcium 2021; 100:102481. [PMID: 34628109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) channel is highly Ca2+-selective and has been implicated in mediating transcellular Ca2+ transport and thus maintaining the Ca2+ balance in the body. To characterize its physiological function(s), a detailed expression profile of the TRPV6 channel throughout the body is essential. Capitalizing on a recently established murine Trpv6-reporter strain, we identified primary TRPV6 channel-expressing cells in an organism-wide manner. In a complementary experimental approach, we characterized TRPV6 expression in different tissues of wild-type mice by TRPV6 immunoprecipitation (IP) followed by mass spectrometry analysis and correlated these data with the reporter gene expression. Taken together, we present a TRPV6 expression atlas throughout the entire body of juvenile and adult mice, providing a novel resource to investigate the role of TRPV6 channels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wartenberg
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Femke Lux
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Kai Busch
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Fecher-Trost
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Boehm
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Petra Weissgerber
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany.
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First description and comparison of the morphological and ultramicro characteristics of the antennal sensilla of two fir longhorn beetles. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241115. [PMID: 33125380 PMCID: PMC7598455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allotraeus asiaticus Schwarzer and Callidiellum villosulum Fairmaire are repeatedly intercepted in wood and wood products all over the world. As two common stem borers of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lambert) Hooker, to further understanding of the differences in their living habits, behaviors and the mechanism of insect-host chemical communication, we observed the external morphology, number and distribution of antennal sensilla of A. asiaticus and C. villosulum with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results showed that 1st-5th subsegments of the flagellum are spined endoapically in A. asiaticus which is different from the previous report (1st-3rd of the flagellomere). Meanwhile, there were five subsegments on the flagellum of C. villosulum that were clearly specialized as serrated shapes on the 4th-8th flagellomeres. Four types (ten subtypes) of sensilla were both found on the antennae of these two fir longhorn beetles, named Böhm bristle (Bb), sensilla trichodea (ST I and II), sensilla basiconica (SB I, II and III), sensilla chaetica (SCh I, II, III and IV). There is one additional kind of morphological type of sensilla found on the antennae of C. villosulum compared to A. asiaticus which was related to their habit of laying eggs only on dry and injured fir branches, named sensilla campaniformia (SCa). These differences may vary according to their own biological habits. For research purposes, the observed difference in the sensillum distribution and function between the two fir longhorn beetles will greatly facilitate the design of better semiochemical control methods of these insect pests.
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Bedoya-Pérez MA, Smith KL, Kevin RC, Luo JL, Crowther MS, McGregor IS. Parameters That Affect Fear Responses in Rodents and How to Use Them for Management. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sex separation induces differences in the olfactory sensory receptor repertoires of male and female mice. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5081. [PMID: 30514924 PMCID: PMC6279840 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the mammalian olfactory sensory epithelium, experience-dependent changes in the rate of neuronal turnover can alter the relative abundance of neurons expressing specific chemoreceptors. Here we investigate how the mouse olfactory sensory receptor repertoire changes as a function of exposure to odors emitted from members of the opposite sex, which are highly complex and sexually dimorphic. Upon housing mice either sex-separated or sex-combined until six months of age, we find that sex-separated mice exhibit significantly more numerous differentially expressed genes within their olfactory epithelia. A subset of these chemoreceptors exhibit altered expression frequencies following both sex-separation and olfactory deprivation. We show that several of these receptors detect either male- or female-specific odors. We conclude that the distinct odor experiences of sex-separated male and female mice induce sex-specific differences in the abundance of neurons that detect sexually dimorphic odors.
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Le Bon AM, Deprêtre N, Sibille E, Cabaret S, Grégoire S, Soubeyre V, Masson E, Acar N, Bretillon L, Grosmaitre X, Berdeaux O. Comprehensive study of rodent olfactory tissue lipid composition. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 131:32-43. [PMID: 29628048 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The peripheral olfactory tissue (OT) plays a primordial role in the detection and transduction of olfactory information. Recent proteomic and transcriptomic studies have provided valuable insight into proteins and RNAs expressed in this tissue. Paradoxically, there is little information regarding the lipid composition of mammalian OT. To delve further into this issue, using a set of complementary state-of-the-art techniques, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of OT lipid composition in rats and mice fed with standard diets. The results showed that phospholipids are largely predominant, the major classes being phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Two types of plasmalogens, plasmenyl-choline and plasmenyl-ethanolamine, as well as gangliosides were also detected. With the exception of sphingomyelin, substantial levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; DHA), were found in the different phospholipid classes. These findings demonstrate that the rodent OT shares several features in common with other neural tissues, such as the brain and retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Le Bon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Nicolas Deprêtre
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Estelle Sibille
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabaret
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Grégoire
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Vanessa Soubeyre
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Elodie Masson
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Niyazi Acar
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Lionel Bretillon
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Xavier Grosmaitre
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Olivier Berdeaux
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9E Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, F-21000 Dijon, France
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Jones ME, Apfelbach R, Banks PB, Cameron EZ, Dickman CR, Frank A, McLean S, McGregor IS, Müller-Schwarze D, Parsons MH, Sparrow E, Blumstein DT. A Nose for Death: Integrating Trophic and Informational Networks for Conservation and Management. Front Ecol Evol 2016. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2016.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Distinct signaling of Drosophila chemoreceptors in olfactory sensory neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E902-11. [PMID: 26831094 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1518329113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In Drosophila, olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) rely primarily on two types of chemoreceptors, odorant receptors (Ors) and ionotropic receptors (Irs), to convert odor stimuli into neural activity. The cellular signaling of these receptors in their native OSNs remains unclear because of the difficulty of obtaining intracellular recordings from Drosophila OSNs. Here, we developed an antennal preparation that enabled the first recordings (to our knowledge) from targeted Drosophila OSNs through a patch-clamp technique. We found that brief odor pulses triggered graded inward receptor currents with distinct response kinetics and current-voltage relationships between Or- and Ir-driven responses. When stimulated with long-step odors, the receptor current of Ir-expressing OSNs did not adapt. In contrast, Or-expressing OSNs showed a strong Ca(2+)-dependent adaptation. The adaptation-induced changes in odor sensitivity obeyed the Weber-Fechner relation; however, surprisingly, the incremental sensitivity was reduced at low odor backgrounds but increased at high odor backgrounds. Our model for odor adaptation revealed two opposing effects of adaptation, desensitization and prevention of saturation, in dynamically adjusting odor sensitivity and extending the sensory operating range.
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Brechbühl J, Moine F, Tosato MN, Sporkert F, Broillet MC. Identification of pyridine analogs as new predator-derived kairomones. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:253. [PMID: 26283896 PMCID: PMC4517376 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the wild, animals have developed survival strategies relying on their senses. The individual ability to identify threatening situations is crucial and leads to increase in the overall fitness of the species. Rodents, for example have developed in their nasal cavities specialized olfactory neurons implicated in the detection of volatile cues encoding for impending danger such as predator scents or alarm pheromones. In particular, the neurons of the Grueneberg ganglion (GG), an olfactory subsystem, are implicated in the detection of danger cues sharing a similar chemical signature, a heterocyclic sulfur- or nitrogen-containing motif. Here we used a “from the wild to the lab” approach to identify new molecules that are involuntarily emitted by predators and that initiate fear-related responses in the recipient animal, the putative prey. We collected urines from carnivores as sources of predator scents and first verified their impact on the blood pressure of the mice. With this approach, the urine of the mountain lion emerged as the most potent source of chemical stress. We then identified in this biological fluid, new volatile cues with characteristic GG-related fingerprints, in particular the methylated pyridine structures, 2,4-lutidine and its analogs. We finally verified their encoded danger quality and demonstrated their ability to mimic the effects of the predator urine on GG neurons, on mice blood pressure and in behavioral experiments. In summary, we were able to identify here, with the use of an integrative approach, new relevant molecules, the pyridine analogs, implicated in interspecies danger communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Brechbühl
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Moine
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Monique Nenniger Tosato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frank Sporkert
- University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne-Geneva Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Christine Broillet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
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Kang N, Kim H, Jae Y, Lee N, Ku CR, Margolis F, Lee EJ, Bahk YY, Kim MS, Koo J. Olfactory marker protein expression is an indicator of olfactory receptor-associated events in non-olfactory tissues. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116097. [PMID: 25635859 PMCID: PMC4311928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfactory receptor (OR)-associated events are mediated by well-conserved components in the olfactory epithelium, including olfactory G-protein (Golf), adenylate cyclase III (ACIII), and olfactory marker protein (OMP). The expression of ORs has recently been observed in non-olfactory tissues where they are involved in monitoring extracellular chemical cues. The large number of OR genes and their sequence similarities illustrate the need to find an effective and simple way to detect non-olfactory OR-associated events. In addition, expression profiles and physiological functions of ORs in non-olfactory tissues are largely unknown. To overcome limitations associated with using OR as a target protein, this study used OMP with Golf and ACIII as targets to screen for potential OR-mediated sensing systems in non-olfactory tissues. Here, we show using western blotting, real-time PCR, and single as well as double immunoassays that ORs and OR-associated proteins are co-expressed in diverse tissues. The results of immunohistochemical analyses showed OMP (+) cells in mouse heart and in the following cells using the corresponding marker proteins c-kit, keratin 14, calcitonin, and GFAP in mouse tissues: interstitial cells of Cajal of the bladder, medullary thymic epithelial cells of the thymus, parafollicular cells of the thyroid, and Leydig cells of the testis. The expression of ORs in OMP (+) tissues was analyzed using a refined microarray analysis and validated with RT-PCR and real-time PCR. Three ORs (olfr544, olfr558, and olfr1386) were expressed in the OMP (+) cells of the bladder and thyroid as shown using a co-immunostaining method. Together, these results suggest that OMP is involved in the OR-mediated signal transduction cascade with olfactory canonical signaling components between the nervous and endocrine systems. The results further demonstrate that OMP immunohistochemical analysis is a useful tool for identifying expression of ORs, suggesting OMP expression is an indicator of potential OR-mediated chemoreception in non-olfactory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- NaNa Kang
- Department of Brain Science, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyerin Kim
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - YoonGyu Jae
- Department of Brain Science, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - NaHye Lee
- Department of Brain Science, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | | | - Frank Margolis
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Eun Jig Lee
- College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yil Bahk
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
- * E-mail: (JK); (M-SK)
| | - JaeHyung Koo
- Department of Brain Science, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
- * E-mail: (JK); (M-SK)
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Szebenyi SA, Ogura T, Sathyanesan A, AlMatrouk AK, Chang J, Lin W. Increases in intracellular calcium via activation of potentially multiple phospholipase C isozymes in mouse olfactory neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:336. [PMID: 25374507 PMCID: PMC4204526 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase C (PLC) and internal Ca(2+) stores are involved in a variety of cellular functions. However, our understanding of PLC in mammalian olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) is generally limited to its controversial role in odor transduction. Here we employed single-cell Ca(2+) imaging and molecular approaches to investigate PLC-mediated Ca(2+) responses and its isozyme gene transcript expression. We found that the pan-PLC activator m-3M3FBS (25 μM) induces intracellular Ca(2+) increases in vast majority of isolated mouse OSNs tested. Both the response amplitude and percent responding cells depend on m-3M3FBS concentrations. In contrast, the inactive analog o-3M3FBS fails to induce Ca(2+) responses. The m-3M3FBS-induced Ca(2+) increase is blocked by the PLC inhibitor U73122, while its inactive analog U73433 has no effect. Removal of extracellular Ca(2+) does not change significantly the m-3M3FBS-induced Ca(2+) response amplitude. Additionally, in the absence of external Ca(2+), we found that a subset of OSNs respond to an odorant mixture with small Ca(2+) increases, which are significantly suppressed by U73122. Furthermore, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we found that multiple PLC isozyme gene transcripts are expressed in olfactory turbinate tissue in various levels. Using RNA in situ hybridization analysis, we further show expression of β4, γ1, γ2 gene transcripts in OSNs. Taken together, our results establish that PLC isozymes are potent enzymes for mobilizing intracellular Ca(2+) in mouse OSNs and provide molecular insight for PLC isozymes-mediated complex cell signaling and regulation in the peripheral olfactory epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Szebenyi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tatsuya Ogura
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aaron Sathyanesan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abdullah K AlMatrouk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Weihong Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore, MD, USA
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Transduction for pheromones in the main olfactory epithelium is mediated by the Ca2+ -activated channel TRPM5. J Neurosci 2014; 34:3268-78. [PMID: 24573286 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4903-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that the main olfactory epithelium contains a subset of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) responding to pheromones. One candidate subpopulation expresses the calcium activated cation channel TRPM5 (transient receptor potential channel M5). Using GFP driven by the TRPM5 promoter in mice, we show that this subpopulation responds to putative pheromones, urine, and major histocompatibility complex peptides, but not to regular odors or a pheromone detected by other species. In addition, this subpopulation of TRPM5-GFP+ OSNs uses novel transduction. In regular OSNs, odorants elicit activation of the cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel, leading to Ca2+ gating of Cl- channels; in TRPM5-GFP+ OSNs, the Ca2+ -activated Cl- ANO2 (anoctamin 2) channel is not expressed, and pheromones elicit activation of the CNG channel leading to Ca2+ gating of TRPM5. In conclusion, we show that OSNs expressing TRPM5 respond to pheromones, but not to regular odors through the opening of CNG channels leading to Ca2+ gating of TRPM5.
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Transduction for pheromones in the main olfactory epithelium is mediated by the Ca2+ -activated channel TRPM5. J Neurosci 2014. [PMID: 24573286 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4903‐13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that the main olfactory epithelium contains a subset of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) responding to pheromones. One candidate subpopulation expresses the calcium activated cation channel TRPM5 (transient receptor potential channel M5). Using GFP driven by the TRPM5 promoter in mice, we show that this subpopulation responds to putative pheromones, urine, and major histocompatibility complex peptides, but not to regular odors or a pheromone detected by other species. In addition, this subpopulation of TRPM5-GFP+ OSNs uses novel transduction. In regular OSNs, odorants elicit activation of the cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel, leading to Ca2+ gating of Cl- channels; in TRPM5-GFP+ OSNs, the Ca2+ -activated Cl- ANO2 (anoctamin 2) channel is not expressed, and pheromones elicit activation of the CNG channel leading to Ca2+ gating of TRPM5. In conclusion, we show that OSNs expressing TRPM5 respond to pheromones, but not to regular odors through the opening of CNG channels leading to Ca2+ gating of TRPM5.
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Abstract
It has been known for over a century that these cranial nerves exist, and that they are not typographical errors nor a sensational event reported in the medical literature. A number of scientific articles on anatomy highlight how textbooks on descriptive anatomy do not always consider variables such as differences related to the geographical areas where people live, and these differences do exist. This is an important concept not only for surgeons, but also for all medical professionals who use manual techniques when treating their patients, ie, osteopaths, chiropractors, physiotherapists, and other manual therapists. This paper highlights the latest developments regarding these cranial nerves, offering at the same time some ideas for further reflection when looking at clinical scenarios that appear to bear little relationship to each other. Inclusion of these concepts in everyday anamnesis is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bordoni
- Don Carlo Gnocchi IRCCS, Department of Cardiology, Milan
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15
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Salazar I, Cifuentes JM, Sánchez-Quinteiro P. Morphological and Immunohistochemical Features of the Vomeronasal System in Dogs. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 296:146-55. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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