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Jaweesh S, Jaweesh M, Alokla H, Hadaya M, Aljmaz H, Mahgaa MT. A rare case of enteric duplication cyst in the cecum of a 7-year-old child: Case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 115:109205. [PMID: 38215578 PMCID: PMC10821623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND SIGNIFICANCE Duplication of the digestive tract is a rare condition, especially when it is located in the cecum. In most cases, it is asymptomatic. The cystic pattern is the most common type of duplication of the digestive tract. The exact cause of this anomaly has not been determined yet. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a girl who was suffering from vague abdominal pain for a period of time without response to medical treatment. She was later diagnosed with a duplication cyst of the cecum, which was completely resected with a ileocolic anastomosis. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Surgery is generally the mainstay of treatment for duplication cysts of the digestive tract. Even in asymptomatic cases, surgical resection is preferred to avoid complications and the risk of malignant transformation. CONCLUSION It is always important to consider duplication of the digestive tract as a possible differential diagnosis for cysts in the cecum, and to avoid attempting to dissect the cyst away from the adjacent digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shkri Jaweesh
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Sham Private University, Damascus, Syria.
| | | | - Hasan Alokla
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Sham Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mahmoud Hadaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Sham Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Hussien Aljmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Sham Private University, Damascus, Syria
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2
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Soliman M, Magnetta M, Salinas A, Feinn RS, Velichko YS, Miller FH, Kelahan LC. Evaluation of 18 CT signs in diagnosing cecal volvulus: a multi-reader retrospective study. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:357-364. [PMID: 37989898 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04092-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the diagnostic performance and reliability of 18 CT signs to diagnose cecal volvulus, a surgical emergency, versus a group of non-volvulus mimickers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four radiologists retrospectively and independently assessed 18 CT signs in 191 patients with cecal volvulus (n = 63) or a non-volvulus control group ((n = 128), including cecal bascule (n = 19), mobile cecum (n = 95), and colonic pseudo-obstruction (n = 14)) at a single institution from 2013 to 2021. Fleiss' kappa coefficient was used to assess inter-reader agreement. For diagnostic performance metrics, we assessed sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. For predictive performance, all 18 signs were included in bivariate and stepwise lasso multivariate logistic regression models to diagnose cecal volvulus. Performance was assessed by ROC curves. RESULTS 191 patients (mean age: 63 years +/- 15.5 [SD]; 135 women) were included in the study. Nine of the 18 CT signs of cecal volvulus demonstrated good or better (> 0.6) inter-reader agreement. Individual CT signs with sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values all above 70% for diagnosing cecal volvulus were transition point, bird beak, and X-marks-the-spot. A lasso regression model determined four CT features: transition point, bird beak, coffee bean, and whirl had excellent prediction (AUC = .979) for cecal volvulus if all present. CONCLUSION CT signs for cecal volvulus that have high sensitivity and specificity include: transition point, bird beak, and X-marks-the-spot and were reliable in distinguishing non-volvulus mimickers. If the following four features were present: transition point, bird beak, coffee bean, and whirl, there was excellent prediction (AUC = .979) for cecal volvulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Soliman
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Magnetta
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Abraham Salinas
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Yuri S Velichko
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frank H Miller
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda C Kelahan
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North St. Clair Street, Suite 800, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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Xiao YY, Zhang Q, Huang F, Rao L, Yao TX, Yang SY, Xie L, Zou XX, Cai LP, Yang JW, Yang B, Huang LS. Single-cell profiling of the pig cecum at various developmental stages. Zool Res 2024; 45:55-68. [PMID: 38114433 PMCID: PMC10839672 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is essential for food digestion, nutrient absorption, waste elimination, and microbial defense. Single-cell transcriptome profiling of the intestinal tract has greatly enriched our understanding of cellular diversity, functional heterogeneity, and their importance in intestinal tract development and disease. Although such profiling has been extensively conducted in humans and mice, the single-cell gene expression landscape of the pig cecum remains unexplored. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on 45 572 cells obtained from seven cecal samples in pigs at four different developmental stages (days (D) 30, 42, 150, and 730). Analysis revealed 12 major cell types and 38 subtypes, as well as their distinctive genes, transcription factors, and regulons, many of which were conserved in humans. An increase in the relative proportions of CD8 + T and Granzyme A (low expression) natural killer T cells (GZMA low NKT) cells and a decrease in the relative proportions of epithelial stem cells, Tregs, RHEX + T cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were noted across the developmental stages. Moreover, the post-weaning period exhibited an up-regulation in mitochondrial genes, COX2 and ND2, as well as genes involved in immune activation in multiple cell types. Cell-cell crosstalk analysis indicated that IBP6 + fibroblasts were the main signal senders at D30, whereas IBP6 - fibroblasts assumed this role at the other stages. NKT cells established interactions with epithelial cells and IBP6 + fibroblasts in the D730 cecum through mediation of GZMA-F2RL1/F2RL2 pairs. This study provides valuable insights into cellular heterogeneity and function in the pig cecum at different development stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yuan Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Fei Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Lin Rao
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Tian-Xiong Yao
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Si-Yu Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Lei Xie
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zou
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Li-Ping Cai
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Jia-Wen Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Bin Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China. E-mail:
| | - Lu-Sheng Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Swine Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China. E-mail:
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Alvarez-Zapata M, Franco-Vega A, Rondero AG, Guerra RS, Flores BIJ, Comas-García M, Ovalle CO, Schneider B, Ratering S, Schnell S, Martinez-Gutierrez F. Modulation of the Altered Intestinal Microbiota by Use of Antibiotics with a Novel Synbiotic on Wistar Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10204-0. [PMID: 38127241 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of antibiotics unbalances the intestinal microbiota. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are alternatives for these unbalances. The effects of a new synbiotic composed of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and fructans from Agave salmiana (fAs) as prebiotics were assessed to modulate the intestinal microbiota. Two probiotic presentations, the commercial probiotic (CP) and the microencapsulated probiotic (MP) to improve those effects, were used to prepare the synbiotics and feed Wistar rats subjected to antibiotics (AB). Eight groups were studied, including five controls and three groups to modulate the microbiota after the use of antibiotics: G5: AB + MP-synbiotic, G6: AB + CP-synbiotic, and G8: AB + fAs. All treatments were administered daily for 7 days. On days 7 and 21, euthanasia was performed, cecum tissue was recovered and used to evaluate histological analysis and to study microphotograph by TEM, and finally, bacterial DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA gene metabarcode sequencing was performed. Histological analysis showed less epithelial damage and more abundance of the intestinal microbiota in the groups G5, G6, and G8 in comparison with the AB control group after 7 days. Microphotograph of the cecum at 2 weeks post treatment showed that G5 and G6 presented beneficial effects in epithelial reconstruction. Interestingly, in the groups that used the synbiotic without AB (G3 and G4) in addition to contributing to the recovery of the autochthonous microbiota, it promotes the development of beneficial microorganisms; those results were also achieved in the groups that used the synbiotic with AB enhancing the bacterial diversity and regulating the impact of AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Alvarez-Zapata
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6 Zona Universitaria, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Avelina Franco-Vega
- Laboratorio de Tecnologías Emergentes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Adriana Ganem Rondero
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica (L-322), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Estado de México, México
| | - Ruth Soria Guerra
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de plantas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Mauricio Comas-García
- Sección de Genómica Médica, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Microscopía de Alta Resolución, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | - Belinda Schneider
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fidel Martinez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6 Zona Universitaria, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México.
- Sección de Genómica Médica, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México.
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Moura DB, Nunes N, Chálim Rebelo C, Côrte-Real F, Rego AC, Duarte MA. Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Subepithelial Lesion in the Cecum: Granular Cell Tumor. GE Port J Gastroenterol 2023; 30:461-463. [PMID: 38476149 PMCID: PMC10928858 DOI: 10.1159/000527586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Bernardo Moura
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital do Divino Espírito Santo de Ponta Delgada EPER, Ponta Delgada, Portugal
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Kim SM, Lee SH, Park GY, Kim SS, Lee CG, Jin SJ. Cecal duplication cyst in an infant presenting as shock: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6931-6937. [PMID: 37901014 PMCID: PMC10600866 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i28.6931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although intestinal obstruction is one of the most common surgical emergencies in an infant, it is difficult to diagnose neonatal enteric duplication cysts (EDC) preoperatively owing to their rarity as a cause of intestinal obstruction. We describe a case report of a neonatal EDC presenting intestinal obstruction and shock. CASE SUMMARY A 32-d-old male infant with a prenatal sonographic finding of bladder distension was admitted to our hospital for a severely distended abdomen, fever, and oliguria. The first diagnostic hypothesis was septic shock and intestinal obstruction. The patient's symptoms worsened; following an emergency surgical exploratory laparotomy and histopathological findings, the final diagnosis of cecal duplication cyst was confirmed. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and on the fifth postoperative day, oral feeding restarted. Twenty days later, the patient was discharged from the hospital. CONCLUSION Although EDC located in the cecum is exceptional, it should be considered when evaluating suspected intestinal obstruction and shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Mo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soochunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sun Hyang Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soochunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Ga Young Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soochunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sung Shin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soochunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Cheol Gu Lee
- Department of General Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, GyeongGi-Do, South Korea
| | - Soo Ji Jin
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon 14584, GyeongGi-Do, South Korea
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Ncho CM, Goel A, Gupta V, Jeong CM, Jung JY, Ha SY, Yang JK, Choi YH. Dietary supplementation of solubles from shredded, steam-exploded pine particles modulates cecal microbiome composition in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Technol 2023; 65:971-988. [PMID: 37969336 PMCID: PMC10640930 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of supplementing solubles from shredded, steam-exploded pine particles (SSPP) on growth performances, plasma biochemicals, and microbial composition in broilers. The birds were reared for 28 days and fed basal diets with or without the inclusion of SSPP from 8 days old. There were a total of three dietary treatments supplemented with 0% (0% SSPP), 0.1% (0.1% SSPP) and 0.4% (0.4% SSPP) SSPP in basal diets. Supplementation of SSPP did not significantly affect growth or plasma biochemicals, but there was a clear indication of diet-induced microbial shifts. Beta-diversity analysis revealed SSPP supplementation-related clustering (ANOSIM: r = 0.31, p < 0.01), with an overall lower (PERMDISP: p < 0.05) individual dispersion in comparison to the control group. In addition, the proportions of the Bacteroides were increased, and the relative abundances of the families Vallitaleaceae, Defluviitaleaceae, Clostridiaceae, and the genera Butyricicoccus and Anaerofilum (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the 0.4% SSPP group than in the control group. Furthermore, the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) also showed that beneficial bacteria such as Ruminococcus albus and Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum were identified as microbial biomarkers of dietary SSPP inclusion (p < 0.05; | LDA effect size | > 2.0). Finally, network analysis showed that strong positive correlations were established among microbial species belonging to the class Clostridia, whereas Erysipelotrichia and Bacteroidia were mostly negatively correlated with Clostridia. Taken together, the results suggested that SSPP supplementation modulates the cecal microbial composition of broilers toward a "healthier" profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Major Ncho
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang
National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Akshat Goel
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang
National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Vaishali Gupta
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang
National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21
Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Chae-Mi Jeong
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang
National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21
Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Ji-Young Jung
- Institute of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
- Department of Environmental Materials
Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Si-Young Ha
- Department of Environmental Materials
Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Yang
- Institute of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
- Department of Environmental Materials
Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
| | - Yang-Ho Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang
National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life
Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21
Plus Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828,
Korea
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Zafar Y, Rashid AM, Javaid SS, Siddiqi AK, Zafar A, Iqbal AZ, Klair JS, Krishnamoorthi R. Use of abdominal compression device in colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Endosc 2023:ce.2022.304. [PMID: 37231649 PMCID: PMC10393576 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2022.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Colonoscopy for screening is associated with unpleasant experiences for patients, and abdominal compression devices have been developed to minimize these problems. However, there is a paucity of data supporting the therapeutic benefits of this strategy. This study examined the effects of using an abdominal compression device during colonoscopy on the cecal intubation time (CIT), abdominal compression, patient comfort, and postural changes. Methods We searched PubMed and Scopus (from inception to November 2021) for randomized controlled trials that assessed the effects of an abdominal compression device during colonoscopy on CIT, abdominal compression, patient comfort, and postural change. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Results Our pooled analysis of seven randomized controlled trials revealed that abdominal compression devices significantly reduced CIT (WMD, -0.76 [-1.49 to -0.03] minutes; p=0.04), abdominal compression (OR, 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.94; p=0.03), and postural changes (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.27-0.78; p=0.004) during colonoscopy. However, our results did not show a significant change in patient comfort (WMD, -0.48; 95% CI, -1.05 to 0.08; p=0.09) when using an abdominal compression device. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that employing an abdominal compression device may reduce CIT, abdominal compression, and postural change but have no impact on patient comfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousaf Zafar
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | | | - Syed Sarmad Javaid
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Adnan Zafar
- Department of Medicine, CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sandoval V, Lara-Endara J, Rodríguez-Suárez J, Garzón WA, Redrobán L, Montalvo N. Melanocytic nevus of the anal canal and granular cell tumor of the cecum: a case report and literature review of 2 coincidentally co-occurring neurocristopathies. Ann Coloproctol 2023:ac.2022.00444.0063. [PMID: 36632693 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2022.00444.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Granular cell tumors are predominantly benign soft tissue tumors originating from Schwann cells, whereas melanocytic nevi are benign proliferations of melanocytes. We present the case of a patient with the presence of both entities located in the cecum and anal canal, respectively, constituting an extremely rare coincidental finding. A 43-year-old woman was evaluated by colonoscopy for iron-deficiency microcytic anemia that had lasted for 1 year. Colonoscopy demonstrated a macular lesion of 0.3 cm with a melanocytic appearance in the anal canal; at the cecum level, a subepithelial, yellowish, and partially mobile firm nodular lesion measuring 1.3 cm was observed. A histopathological study showed a melanocytic nevus in the anal canal and a granular cell tumor in the cecum. This is the first reported case of a patient with the extremely rare coincidental-incidental finding of these 2 entities at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sandoval
- Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Health and Life, School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Lara-Endara
- Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Health and Life, School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Ligia Redrobán
- Service of Pathology, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nelson Montalvo
- Department of Teaching and Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences of Health and Life, School of Medicine, International University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Service of Pathology, Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador
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Oh JS, Kim HW, Park SB, Kang DH, Choi CW, Kim SJ, Nam HS, Ryu DG. A large and pedunculated inflammatory pseudotumor with pseudosarcomatous change of the cecum mimicking a malignant polyp: a case report and literature review. Clin Endosc 2023; 56:119-124. [PMID: 34275257 PMCID: PMC9902694 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2021.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) is a rare benign tumor of unknown etiology that can occur in almost any organ system. It has neoplastic features such as local recurrence, invasive growth, and vascular invasion, leading to the possibility of malignant sarcomatous changes. The clinical presentations of colonic IPT may include abdominal pain, anemia, a palpable mass, and intestinal obstruction. A few cases of colonic IPT have been reported, but colonic IPT with pedunculated morphology is very rare. Furthermore, since it can mimic malignant polyps, understanding the endoscopic findings of colonic IPT is important for proper treatment. Herein, we present a case of colonic IPT with pseudosarcomatous changes, presenting as a large polyp, mimicking a malignant polyp in the cecum, along with a literature review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Suk Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea,Correspondence: Hyung Wook Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea E-mail:
| | - Su Bum Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Cheol Woong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Dae Gon Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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11
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Ramos-Cruz I, Sanjuan-Sánchez C, Castillo S, Leyva-Bohórquez P, Cruz-Lucas CF. Acute purulent diverticulitis in the cecum: case report. CIR CIR 2023; 91:716-718. [PMID: 37844895 DOI: 10.24875/ciru.21000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
A 40-year-old female with a 24-hour course of abdominal pain suggestive of acute appendicitis. An emergency laparotomy was performed, finding plastron in the cecum and ascending colon, color changes, with purulent liquid and 5 cm in diameter, fixed to Toldt's. It was decided to perform a right hemicolectomy with an ileotransverse end-to-side anastomosis with adequate postsurgical evolution. The histopathological report showed acute purulent diverticulitis of the cecum, which is very low incidence in the Mexican population, that's why this case report is carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Ramos-Cruz
- Servicio de Coloproctología, Clínica Imagen y Diagnóstico Médico, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, México
| | - Carlos Sanjuan-Sánchez
- Servicio de Coloproctología, Clínica Imagen y Diagnóstico Médico, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, México
| | - Selene Castillo
- Servicio de Coloproctología, Clínica Imagen y Diagnóstico Médico, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, México
| | - Paulina Leyva-Bohórquez
- Servicio de Coloproctología, Clínica Imagen y Diagnóstico Médico, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, México
| | - Claudia F Cruz-Lucas
- Servicio de Coloproctología, Clínica Imagen y Diagnóstico Médico, Oaxaca de Juárez, Oaxaca, México
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12
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Aminfar H, Maham M, Dalir-Naghadeh B. Effects of aqueous ginger extract on smooth muscle contraction in bovine cecum: in vitro study. Vet Res Forum 2023; 14:139-144. [PMID: 37033778 PMCID: PMC10073806 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2022.545837.3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal hypomotility cause health risks and economic losses and is considered as an important digestive disorder that efforts to find prokinetic drugs can solve this major problem. This study investigated the effects of Zingiber officinale aqueous extract (ZOAE) on caecal smooth muscle contractions in healthy cows. To perform in vitro tests, cecum strips connected to the organ bath. Ginger aqueous extract caused concentration-dependent contraction in caecal smooth muscle with an effective threshold concentration of 6.00 mg L-1. The strongest contraction was caused at a concentration of 100 mg L-1 with an average contraction of 141%. To evaluate the possible mechanisms underlying the contractile effect on cecum strips, atropine, 1,1-dimethyl-4-diphenylacetoxypiperidinium iodide (4-DAMP) and verapamil completely inhibited aqueous extract induced smooth muscle contractions, while addition of hexamethonium had no effect on the contraction process. The lack of reduction of contractions caused by the extract in the presence of hexamethonium indicates that presence of acetylcholine-like constituents independent of nicotinic receptors. The inhibitory properties of atropine and 4-DAMP indicate that at least part of the prokinetic effect of the extract is due to stimulating the muscarinic receptors, especially M3 receptors. Also, verapamil inhibitory function proves that the extract acting by L-type calcium channels. The results suggest that the ZOAE has a potential prokinetic effect which may provide a pharmacological base to its medicinal or prophylactic use in caecal motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Aminfar
- DVSc Graduate, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran;
- Correspondence: Hadi Aminfar. DVM, DVSc , DVSc Graduate, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Masoud Maham
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Bahram Dalir-Naghadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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13
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Miao X, Liu L, Liu L, Hu G, Wu G, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Yang J, Li X. Regulation of mRNA and miRNA in the response to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection in chicken cecum. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:437. [PMID: 36514049 PMCID: PMC9749161 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03522-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella enterica, serovar Enteritidis (SE) is a food-borne pathogen, which can cause great threat to human health through consumption of the contaminated poultry products. Chicken is the main host of SE. The mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles were analyzed on cecum of Shouguang chicken via next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. The treated group was inoculated SE, and the control group was inoculated with phosphate buffer saline (PBS). RESULTS There were 1760 differentially expressed mRNAs in the SE-infected group, of which 1046 were up-regulated mRNA, and 714 were down-regulated mRNA. In addition, a total of 821 miRNAs were identified, and 174 miRNAs were differentially expressed, of which 100 were up-regulated and 74 were down-regulated. Functional enrichment of differentially expressed mRNAs was similar to miRNA target genes. The functional analysis results of differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs were performed. Immune-related processes and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways were enriched by up-regulated mRNA. The down-regulated mRNAs were enriched in tissue development and metabolic-related KEGG pathways. The functional analysis of up-regulated miRNA target genes was similar to the down-regulated mRNAs. The down-regulated miRNA target genes were enriched in metabolic-related GO (Gene Ontology) -BP (Biological process) terms and KEGG pathways. The overlap of the up-regulated mRNA and the up-regulated miRNA target genes (class I) was 325, and the overlap of the down-regulated miRNA target genes (class II) was 169. The class I enriched in the immune-related GO-BP terms and KEGG pathways. The class II mainly enriched in metabolic-related GO-BP terms and KEGG pathways. Then we detected the expression of mRNA and miRNA through qRT-PCR. The results shown that the expression of HHIP, PGM1, HTR2B, ITGB5, RELN, SFRP1, TCF7L2, SCNN1A, NEK7, miR-20b-5p, miR-1662, miR-15a, miR-16-1-3p was significantly different between two groups. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the relationship between miR-20b-5p and SCNN1A. The result indicated that miR-20b-5p regulate immune or metabolic responses after SE infection in Shouguang chickens by directly targeting SCNN1A. CONCLUSIONS The findings here contribute to the further analysis of the mechanism of mRNA and miRNA defense against SE infection, and provide a theoretical foundation for the molecular disease-resistant breeding of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Miao
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Lewen Liu
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Liying Liu
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Geng Hu
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Guixian Wu
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Yuanmei Wang
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
| | - Jingchao Yang
- Shandong Animal Husbandry General Station, Jinan, 250010 China
| | - Xianyao Li
- grid.440622.60000 0000 9482 4676College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 China
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14
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Dokmak A, Muso E. Gastrointestinal Bleeding from Dieulafoy's Lesion in the Cecum. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2022; 16:601-606. [PMID: 36636361 PMCID: PMC9830308 DOI: 10.1159/000525740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dieulafoy's lesion is a rare cause of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding comprising approximately 2% of all acute GI bleeds. It is an abnormal submucosal artery that has a tortuous course before protruding through the mucosa and leading to hemorrhage. Dieulafoy's lesions are most commonly located in the upper GI tract within the lesser curvature of the stomach. Lower GI tract Dieulafoy's lesions are remarkably rare. Our case describes an elderly gentleman who presented with fatigue and dyspnea several days prior to experiencing any evidence of GI bleeding. Initial laboratory investigation revealed severe anemia, requiring packed red blood cell transfusion. Endoscopic examination revealed a cecal Dieulafoy's lesion with active spurting of blood. Hemostasis was achieved through local epinephrine injection and hemostatic clipping. Previously reported cases of cecal Dieulafoy's lesions involve variable presentations including hematochezia, melena, or bright red blood per rectum. These lesions can be treated by angiography, surgically, or endoscopically via techniques that include epinephrine or ethanol injection, argon plasma coagulation, heater probe coagulation, hemostatic clips, or band ligation. Dieulafoy's lesions of the lower GI tract should be considered when no clear culprit is discovered, particularly with the concomitant use of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Dokmak
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Catholic Medical Center, Manchester, New Hampshire, USA,*Amr Dokmak,
| | - Ergen Muso
- Division of Gastroenterology, Catholic Medical Center, Manchester, New Hampshire, USA
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15
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MacDonald M, Greene A, Borgaonkar M, Fairbridge NA, McGrath J, Smith C, Garland C, Bacque L, Pace D. Optimizing cecal views during colonoscopy using patient position change. Surg Endosc 2022; 36:6522-6526. [PMID: 35043233 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient positioning has been found to be a simple technique to improve luminal distention and visualization during colonoscopy. This study examined which position provided the cleanest image of the cecum using the Boston Bowel Prep Scale (BBPS) and the best view of the cecum overall as ranked by blinded assessors. METHODS A sample of 90 sets of cecal images were obtained from patients undergoing a non-urgent colonoscopy. Each set included cecal images of patients while lying in three positions-right lateral decubitus, left lateral decubitus, and supine. Two authors reviewed these sets of images and excluded those that were unclear. A third author, blinded to the position, selected the final 33 sets of images. Two experienced endoscopists completed a blinded survey of each image set. They used the BBPS to assess and score each image as the primary outcome measure. The endoscopists also ranked each image set in terms of the best overall view of the cecum. Data were collected using Qualtrics software. Nonparametric tests were used to analyze the data using SPSS software (v.25). A p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS The BBPS showed a significant difference between patient positions when tested by Kruskal-Wallis. Subsequent Mann Whitney U tests indicated that the right lateral decubitus position was ranked higher than left lateral decubitus or supine positions. There was no significant difference in the left and supine positions. Cohen's Kappa suggested moderate agreement between raters. The raters also favored the right lateral position over the other positions when assessing overall image preference displaying the cecum. CONCLUSION These results indicate that positioning patients in the right lateral decubitus position provides the best view of the cecum during colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria MacDonald
- Medical Student, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| | - Alison Greene
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mark Borgaonkar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Nicholas A Fairbridge
- Office of Professional and Educational Development, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Jerry McGrath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Chris Smith
- Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Room H-1373, 300 Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, NL, A1B3V6, Canada
| | - Chantae Garland
- Doctor of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Lisa Bacque
- Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Room H-1373, 300 Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, NL, A1B3V6, Canada
| | - David Pace
- Department of Surgery, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Room H-1373, 300 Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, NL, A1B3V6, Canada
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16
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Zhang YM, Chen QG, Chen C, Wang S, Li ZF, Hou ZF, Liu DD, Tao JP, Xu JJ. MicroRNA expression profile of chicken cecum in different stages during Histomonas meleagridis infection. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:222. [PMID: 35690747 PMCID: PMC9188098 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histomonas meleagridis is an anaerobic, intercellular parasite, which infects gallinaceous birds such as turkeys and chickens. In recent years, the reemergence of Histomoniasis has caused serious economic losses as drugs to treat the disease have been banned. At present, H. meleagridis research focuses on virulence, gene expression analysis, and the innate immunity of the host. However, there are no studies on the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) associated with the host inflammatory and immune responses induced by H. meleagridis. In this research, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the expression profile of cecum miRNA at 10 and 15 days post-infection (DPI) in chickens infected with Chinese JSYZ-F strain H. meleagridis. Results Compared with the controls, 94 and 127 DEMs were found in cecum of infected chickens at 10 DPI (CE vs CC) and 15 DPI (CEH vs CCH), respectively, of which 60 DEMs were shared at two-time points. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis of the target genes of DEMs indicated that 881 and 1027 GO terms were significantly enriched at 10 and 15 DPI, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG, www.kegg.jp/kegg/kegg1.html) pathway enrichment analysis of the target genes of DEMs demonstrated that 5 and 3 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched at 10 and 15 DPI, respectively. For previous uses, the Kanehisa laboratory have happily provided permission. The integrated analysis of miRNA–gene network revealed that the DEMs played important roles in the host inflammatory and immune responses to H. meleagridis infection by dynamically regulating expression levels of inflammation and immune-related cytokines. Conclusion This article not only suggested that host miRNA expression was dynamically altered by H. meleagridis and host but also revealed differences in the regulation of T cell involved in host responses to different times H. meleagridis infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03316-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Guang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zai-Fan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Feng Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jun Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Liu X, Wang J, Deng H, Zhong X, Li C, Luo Y, Chen L, Zhang B, Wang D, Huang Y, Zhang J, Guo L. In situ analysis of variations of arsenicals, microbiome and transcriptome profiles along murine intestinal tract. J Hazard Mater 2022; 427:127899. [PMID: 34876320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In situ-based studies on microbiome-host interactions after arsenic exposure are few. In this study, the variations in arsenics, microbiota, and host genes along murine intestinal tracts were determined after arsenic exposure for two months. There was a gradual increase in the concentration of total As (CtAs) in feces from ileum to colon, whereas CtAs in the corresponding tissues were relatively stable. Differences in arsenic levels between feces and tissues were significantly different. The proportion of arsenite (iAsⅢ) in feces gradually decreased, however, it gradually increased in tissues. After arsenic exposure, the diversity and abundance of microbial community and networks in each segment were significantly dysregulated. Notably, 328, 579 and 90 differently expressed genes were detected in ileum, cecum, and colon, respectively. In addition, microbiome and transcriptome analyses showed a significant correlation between the abundance of Faecalibaculum and expressions of Plb1, Hspa1b, Areg and Duoxa2 genes. This implies that they may be involved in arsenic biotransformation. In vitro experiments using Biofidobactrium and Lactobacillus showed that probiotics have arsenic transformation abilities. Therefore, gut microbiome may modulate arsenic accumulation, excretion and detoxification along the digestive tract. Moreover, the abundance and diversity of gut microbiome may be related to the changes in host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jiating Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Hongyu Deng
- Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Xiaoting Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Chengji Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Yu Luo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Linkang Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Dongbin Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Yixiang Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China; Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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18
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Aharoni M, Zager Y, Khalilieh S, Amiel I, Horesh N, Ram E, Gutman M, Rosin D. Laparoscopic fixation of volvulus by extra-peritonealization: a case series. Tech Coloproctol 2022. [PMID: 35325340 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-022-02596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volvulus is one of the leading causes of colonic obstruction with a high recurrence rate following endoscopic decompression. Although colonic resection remains the treatment of choice, it is often associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in elderly patients. Colonic fixation with extra-peritonealization has been suggested as an alternative to colonic resection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes of patients with colonic volvulus in our initial experience with this procedure. METHODS A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of all patients who underwent colonic extra-peritonealization for volvulus between January 2016 and April 2021 in Sheba medical center (Ramat-Gan, Israel) was performed. Patients' demographics, clinical, peri-operative and post-operative data were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS One hundred and thirty nine patients were admitted due to acute colonic volvulus, 48 of whom were treated surgically. Eleven patients underwent extra-peritonealization of the sigmiod or cecum during the study period. Mean age was 64.5 years. Six patients (54.55%) were males. Seven patients (63.63%) presented with sigmoid volvulus and 4 (36.36%) with cecal volvulus. Median American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class was 3 (range 2-4). One patient (9.09%) was required urgent surgery. The majority of patients was operated on using a laparoscopic approach (10 patients, 90.9%). Median length of stay was 3 days (range 1-6 days) and no post-operative complications or readmissions within 30 days after surgery were recorded. Median length of follow-up was 283 days (range 21-777 days). During the follow-up period, three patients (27.27%) presented with recurrent volvulus and required an additional surgical intervention with colonic resection. Of the patients with volvulus recurrence, one patient (9.09%) required an urgent surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS Extra-peritonealization of colonic volvulus is feasible and safe. Although recurrence rates are fairly high, the low morbidity associated with the procedure makes it an appealing alternative to colonic resection, especially in patients with high risk for post-operative complications.
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19
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Zhang X, Li X, Wu J, Jiao J, He Z, Tan Z, Han X. Rumen-protected glucose supplementation in transition dairy cows shifts fermentation patterns and enhances mucosal immunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:1182-1188. [PMID: 34754960 PMCID: PMC8556486 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Manipulation of perinatal diets, such as supplementing feed with rumen-protected glucose (RPG), has been positively regarded as a strategy to improve milking performance. This study was conducted to assess the effects of RPG on the fermentation profiles, resident microbiota and mucosal immunity in the cecum. Ten Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to either a 25 g/kg RPG diet (DM basis) or a 11 g/kg coating fat diet (control, CON). Compared with the CON group, the acetate-to-propionate ratio was lower in the RPG group. Gene expression analysis indicated that RPG supplementation tended to upregulate the expression of Na+/H+ hydrogen exchanger 3 (NHE3) (P = 0.076). RPG supplementation downregulated the expression of genes involved in self-rehabilitation such as matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP3, MMP9 and MMP13. Additionally, the mRNA expression of genes involved in immunity including Toll-like receptors (TLR4, TLR6 and TLR7) and proinflammatory cytokines (immune interferon gamma [IFNG] and interleukins interleukin 17A [IL17F], IL17A, IL22), was downregulated by RPG supplementation. Nonetheless, no differences existed in the bacterial copy number and beta diversity between the 2 groups. Overall, supplementation with RPG would probably cause a shift towards propionate production in the cecal digesta, and promote the immune homeostasis of the cecal mucosa in transition dairy cows. Our results extended the basic understanding of RPG supplementation and utilization in transition dairy cows in terms of host microbe interplay in the cecum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Jian Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinzhen Jiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
| | - Xuefeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, 410125, China
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20
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Wartenberg P, Lux F, Busch K, Fecher-Trost C, Flockerzi V, Krasteva-Christ G, Boehm U, Weissgerber P. A TRPV6 expression atlas for the mouse. Cell Calcium 2021; 100:102481. [PMID: 34628109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) channel is highly Ca2+-selective and has been implicated in mediating transcellular Ca2+ transport and thus maintaining the Ca2+ balance in the body. To characterize its physiological function(s), a detailed expression profile of the TRPV6 channel throughout the body is essential. Capitalizing on a recently established murine Trpv6-reporter strain, we identified primary TRPV6 channel-expressing cells in an organism-wide manner. In a complementary experimental approach, we characterized TRPV6 expression in different tissues of wild-type mice by TRPV6 immunoprecipitation (IP) followed by mass spectrometry analysis and correlated these data with the reporter gene expression. Taken together, we present a TRPV6 expression atlas throughout the entire body of juvenile and adult mice, providing a novel resource to investigate the role of TRPV6 channels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Wartenberg
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Femke Lux
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Kai Busch
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Fecher-Trost
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Veit Flockerzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Boehm
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Petra Weissgerber
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University School of Medicine, Homburg, Germany.
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21
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Shao G, Chitechi B, Demireli G, Ornig K, Neuböck MJ, Heldt S, Mandl M, Paar C, Winkler M, Lamprecht B, Salzer HJF. Rare manifestation of a large stenosing gastrointestinal tumor caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a previously healthy man from Austria. Wien Med Wochenschr 2021. [PMID: 34613520 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-021-00887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal tuberculosis (TB) is a rare manifestation in low TB-incidence countries such as Austria. It is usually seen in immunocompromised patients or in migrants being more susceptible for extrapulmonary disease manifestations. CASE DESCRIPTION We report a very rare manifestation of severe gastrointestinal TB in a 49-year-old previously healthy man from Upper Austria. Endoscopy showed a large tumor mass obstructing about 2/3 of the lumen of the cecum. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan revealed not only a high metabolic activity in the tumor mass, but also active pulmonary lesions in both upper lung lobes. Bronchial secretion showed acid-fast bacilli in the microscopy and polymerase chain reaction was positive for M. tuberculosis complex. Phenotypic resistance testing showed no resistance for first-line anti-TB drugs. Treatment with isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol was initiated. Based on therapeutic drug monitoring, the standard treatment regime was adapted to rifampicin high dose. TB treatment was well tolerated and the patient achieved relapse-free cure one year after the end of treatment. CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal involvement mimicking an intestinal tumor is a very rare TB manifestation in previously healthy Austrians. However, it should be kept in mind due to increasing migration from countries with higher rates of extrapulmonary TB and due to an increasing number of immunocompromised patients. TB telephone consultations can support medical professionals in the diagnosis and the management of complex TB patients. TB management is currently at a transitional stage from a programmatic to personalized management concept including therapeutic drug monitoring or biomarker-guided treatment duration to achieve relapse-free cure.
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22
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Na JY, Kim SH, Lee N. Cecal epidermoid cyst: a neonatal case with clinicopathological consideration. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:415. [PMID: 34544386 PMCID: PMC8453995 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02884-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Only 10 cases of cecal epidermoid cyst (CEC) have been reported in the literature. Furthermore, its pathogenesis remains unclear. We report a rare case of congenital CEC in neonate, and discuss its clinicopathological findings. Case presentation A cystic lesion was incidentally identified in the retroperitoneal area of the abdominal right lower quadrant during a routine prenatal ultrasonography (US), prompting an ileocolectomy 3 days after birth. This congenital cyst was composed of mucosal lining cells and submucosal connective tissues, and the inner lining mucosa was composed of stratified squamous epithelium and focally mucin-producing ciliated epithelium. Based on the macroscopic and microscopic findings, the cystic lesion was diagnosed as a congenital cecal epidermoid cyst. Conclusions The management of a fetal abdominal mass should be tailored individually, considering that epidermoid cysts can occur in the cecum during the perinatal period. We report the clinicopathological findings in this case, including its possible pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Young Na
- Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Kim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Narae Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Children's Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, 50612, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Cantella R, Evola G, Di Stefano C, Trusso Zirna E, Iudica M, Piazza L. Granular cell tumor of the cecum: Case report of mini invasive surgical resection and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 87:106397. [PMID: 34534816 PMCID: PMC8450234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and importance Granular Cell Tumor (GCT) is a rare lesion with unclear histogenesis, predominantly described as a skin lesion. Visceral localization of GCT is even more rare with few cases reported in the literature. Nowadays GCT guidelines are not available. Case presentation A 45-year-old Caucasian woman was visited in our surgical department for significant weight loss (about 30 kg) during the previous 6 months. Colonoscopy showed a caecal polypoid lesion that was resected with a diatermic loop and classified as GCT. Microscopically, the neoplasm partially involved the mucosa and diffusely the submucosa, extending to the endoscopic resection margins. Because of the high risk of perforation during endoscopic radicalisation attempt, the patient underwent ileocecal resection. The postoperative course was uneventful. Clinical discussion GCT is a rare soft tissue neoplasm probably deriving from Schwann cells. The main treatment for GCT is an endoscopic mucosal/submucosal resection. Nevertheless, a radicalization of the lesion through a surgical attempt should be preferred when the endoscopic procedure is linked to a high risk of perforation. It is important to distinguish GCT from other polypoid lesions of the colon, due to its malignant potential (about 2%) and its relapsing capacity when margins are involved. Conclusion GTC is a rare neoplasm and as its diagnosis is made only histologically, it should be included in differential diagnosis of colonic polypoid lesions. Surgery can be considered the best choice when an endoscopic attempt of GCT lesions is linked to a high risk of colon perforation. Granular Cell Tumor (GCT) is a rare lesion with unclear histogenesis. Visceral localizations are even more rare that skin lesions. GCT should be distinguished from all other polypoid lesions. GCT epidemiology is limited due to its unknown origin and rare occurrence. Some specialists recommend a surgical resection for lesions >2–5 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cantella
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Evola
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Di Stefano
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Ezio Trusso Zirna
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Marianna Iudica
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Piazza
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Garibaldi Hospital, Piazza Santa Maria di Gesù 5, 95100 Catania, Italy
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24
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Yang Y, Chen N, Sun L, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Wang Y, Liao X, Mi J. Short-term cold stress can reduce the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in the cecum and feces in a pig model. J Hazard Mater 2021; 416:125868. [PMID: 34492815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive studies on the effects of cold stress on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the intestines and feces remain scarce. In this study, pigs were selected as the animal model and divided into a normal temperature group and a 48-h short-term cold stress group. The ARG profiles in fecal, cecal content and cecal mucosa samples were analyzed. The results showed that the normalized abundance of ARGs in the cecal mucosa samples in the cold stress group was significantly higher than that in the normal temperature group, while the normalized ARG abundances in the fecal and cecal content samples were significantly lower than those in the normal temperature group (P < 0.05). The bacterial community composition (especially Firmicutes) was the major driver impacting the ARG profile and accounted for 32.2% of the variation in the ARG profile, followed by metabolites (especially creatinine and oxypurinol) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (especially plasmids and insertion elements). And it was found that creatinine and oxypurinol can reduce the abundance of ARGs and Firmicutes in the in vitro experiment. The results indicate that short-term cold stress can reduce the abundance of ARGs in the cecum and feces of pigs, providing reference data for environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ningxue Chen
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lan Sun
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yinbao Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xindi Liao
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jiandui Mi
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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25
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Turner GA, O'Grady MJ, Purcell RV, Frizelle FA. The Epidemiology and Etiology of Right-Sided Colonic Diverticulosis: A Review. Ann Coloproctol 2021; 37:196-203. [PMID: 34284562 PMCID: PMC8391037 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2021.00192.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverticulosis of the colon is a common condition in Western countries and most patients will remain asymptomatic, but some will present with symptoms of acute diverticulitis or bleeding. Our understanding of diverticulosis is evolving but is mostly derived from diverticulosis affecting the left-sided colon. In contrast, right-sided colonic diverticulosis (RCD) is more commonly seen in Asian countries but is much less common overall. Based on the marked differences in epidemiology, it is commonly thought that these are 2 distinct disease processes. A review of the literature describing the epidemiology and etiology of RCD was performed, with a comparison to the current understanding of left-sided diverticulosis. RCD is becoming increasingly common. The epidemiology of RCD shows it to be a mostly acquired condition, and not congenital as previously thought. Many factors in the etiology of RCD are similar to that seen in left-sided diverticulosis, with a few variations. It is therefore likely that most cases of RCD represent the same disease process that is seen in the left colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg A Turner
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Colorectal Unit, Department of General Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Michael J O'Grady
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Colorectal Unit, Department of General Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachel V Purcell
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Frank A Frizelle
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.,Colorectal Unit, Department of General Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Abstract
This case report details the findings of metastatic colon cancer in an older male patient who initially presented with signs and symptoms of acute appendicitis. The patient underwent routine CT (Computed Tomography) imaging for diagnostic evaluation of appendicitis. Subsequently, the patient was found to have findings consistent with acute appendicitis secondary to obstruction from a cecal mass with evidence of hepatic and pulmonary metastases. This case report demonstrates the radiological findings of acute appendicitis secondary to metastatic colorectal disease and highlights the importance of considering underlying malignancy in cases of appendicitis occurring in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Shroff
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555
| | - Peeyush Bhargava
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555
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27
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Zhou BH, Yang JY, Ding HY, Chen QP, Tian EJ, Wang HW. Anticoccidial effect of toltrazuril and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis combination: Reduced inflammation and promoted mucosal immunity. Vet Parasitol 2021; 296:109477. [PMID: 34087564 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2021.109477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An anticoccidial model of chicken infected with Eimeria tenella was established to investigate the effect of toltrazuril (Tol) combined with the Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (RSF) on coccidiosis. The anticoccidial index (ACI) was evaluated, and the cecal developmental parameters (i.e., villus height, [VH], crypt depth, [CD], and VH/CD) were determined. The distributions of glycoproteins and goblet cells in the cecal tissue were determined through the Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue PAS staining methods, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 of the cecal tissue were determined through quantitative real-time PCR. The moderate ACI was obtained using the combination of Tol and RSF. Compared with the normal control (NC) group, the infected control (IC) group showed remarkably lower VH and VH/CD at five and seven days postinfection. Compared with the IC group, the IC + RSF and IC + TolRSF groups showed remarkably higher VH and VH/CD at five and seven days postinfection. Compared with the NC group, the IC group contained fewer glycoproteins and goblet cells, but the Tol and RSF treatment promoted more glycoproteins and goblet cells at five and seven days postinfection. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 in the IC group were upregulated (P < 0.01) compared with those in the NC group. The IC + RSF and IC + TolRSF groups had downregulated mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 cytokines (P < 0.01), and upregulated mRNA expression levels of IL-2 and IL-4 cytokines (P < 0.01) compared with the IC group. Results showed that the combination of Tol and RSF exerts anticoccidial effect by reducing inflammation and promoting intestinal mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bian-Hua Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing-Yun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Peng Chen
- Pingdingshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 5 Nongke Road, Zhanhe District, Pingdingshan, Henan, 467100, People's Republic of China
| | - Er-Jie Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, People's Republic of China
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28
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Alberto RG, Eliana LZ, Mauricio TM, Eduardo GH. Cecal splenosis mimicking gastrointestinal stroma tumor. Case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 83:105992. [PMID: 34062360 PMCID: PMC8178097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Abdominal splenosis is a rare condition where autotransplanted ectopic spleen tissue is found in the abdominal cavity after spleen injury or splenectomy. While abdominal splenosis is mostly described as asymptomatic, bowel splenosis can present with abdominal pain, obstipation or gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Scarce information on bowel splenosis exists and high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis. We present the case of a patient with abdominal pain and a cecal mass mimicking gastrointestinal stroma tumor (GIST) found to have bowel splenosis after laparoscopic resection. Presentation of case A 45-year-old female was evaluated for a 6-month history of abdominal pain in right-lower quadrant. She had past medical history of blunt abdominal trauma and splenectomy 35 years before symptoms. An abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) reported a 4.2 × 4.6 × 4.6 cm solid mass located in the antimesenteric border of the cecum, with calcifications and arterial enhancement. Colonoscopy found no epithelial lesions. A diagnostic laparoscopy was done, and resection of the mass achieved. Transoperative histopathological diagnosis revealed ectopic spleen tissue. Discussion It is difficult to know whether abdominal pain in bowel splenosis is actually triggered by splenosis itself or by an unrelated cause, making diagnosis incidental. There are no particular imaging findings suggestive of splenosis, and surgical resection is often done under uncertain diagnosis. Conclusion Bowel splenosis could present as abdominal pain variable time after spleen injury or splenectomy. Clinical features and imaging characteristics are nonspecific and similar to those of GIST. Most cases of splenosis are diagnosed after surgery. Bowel splenosis is a rare entity scarcely reported in the literature. 2nd case with more years from risk factor reported. We expose a review of the literature analyzing common findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riojas-Garza Alberto
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud del Tecnológico de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
| | - López-Zamora Eliana
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud del Tecnológico de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | | | - Guzmán-Huerta Eduardo
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud del Tecnológico de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
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Feng S, Chang H, Wang Y, Luo F, Wu Q, Han S, He H. Lethal infection caused by Tetratrichomonas gallinarum in black swans (Cygnus atratus). BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:191. [PMID: 33985499 PMCID: PMC8117575 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tetratrichomonas gallinarum is parasitic protozoa with a wide host range. However, its lethal infection is rare reported. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we described the first lethal cases of T. gallinarum infection in black swans in China. Five black swans died within a week in succession without obvious symptoms except mild diarrhea. At necropsy, severe lesions were observed in caeca with thickened caecal walls and hemorrhages in the mucosa. A large number of moving trophozoites were found in the contents of the cecum by microscopic examination. The livers were enlarged with multiple bleeding spots on the surface. Histopathology of the livers showed mononuclear cell infiltration and moderate hyperplasia of fibrous tissue. The histopathology of the cecum showed that the villi of the cecum were edematous. Finally, the presence of T. gallinarum was determined by specific PCR andin-situ hybridization assay. Additionally, common pathogens that can cause similar symptoms were excluded. CONCLUSIONS The death of the black swan was caused by T. gallinarum, suggesting that the parasite might be a new threat to the Cygnus birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyong Feng
- National Research Center for Wildlife Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichenxilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Han Chang
- National Research Center for Wildlife Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichenxilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yutian Wang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100107, China
| | - Fubing Luo
- Beijing Center for Animal Disease Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoxing Wu
- Shaanxi Institute of zoology, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyi Han
- National Research Center for Wildlife Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichenxilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China
| | - Hongxuan He
- National Research Center for Wildlife Borne Diseases, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1-5 Beichenxilu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China.
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30
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Wang XY, Chai NL, Zhai YQ, Li LS, Wang ZT, Zou JL, Shi YS, Linghu EQ. Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection: An alternative resection modality for large laterally spreading tumors in the cecum? BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:203. [PMID: 33952206 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01766-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic resection for large, laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) in the cecum is challenging. Here we report on the clinical outcomes of hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in large cecal LSTs. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed data from patients with cecal LSTs ≥ 2 cm who underwent ESD or hybrid ESD procedures between January of 2008 and June of 2019. We compared the baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes, including procedure time, the en bloc and complete resection rates, and adverse events. RESULTS A total of 62 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 27 patients in the ESD group and 35 patients in the hybrid ESD group, respectively. Hybrid ESD was more used for lesions with submucosal fibrosis. No other significant differences were found in patient characteristics between the two groups. The hybrid ESD group had a significantly shorter procedure time compared with the ESD group (27.60 ± 17.21 vs. 52.63 ± 44.202 min, P = 0.001). The en bloc resection rate (77.1% vs. 81.5%, P = 0.677) and complete resection rate (71.4% vs. 81.5%, P = 0.359) of hybrid ESD were relatively lower than that of the ESD group in despite of no significant difference was found. The perforation and post-procedure bleeding rate (2.9% vs. 3.7%, P = 0.684) were similar between the two groups. One patient perforated during the ESD procedure, which was surgically treated. One patient in the hybrid ESD group experienced post-procedure bleeding, which was successfully treated with endoscopic hemostasis. Post-procedural fever and abdominal pain occurred in six patients in the ESD group and five patients in the hybrid ESD group. One patient in the ESD group experienced recurrence, which was endoscopically resected. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that hybrid ESD may be an alternative resection strategy for large cecal LSTs with submucosal fibrosis.
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Hussein MRA, Alqahtani AS, Alhagawi Y, Al Saglan NS, Albishi AM, Ahmed FO, Rabie ME, Bazeed MF, Abu-Dief EE. Primary Basidiobolomycosis of the Cecum in Immunocompetent Patients: Two Case Reports. Gastroenterology Res 2021; 14:116-124. [PMID: 34007354 PMCID: PMC8110240 DOI: 10.14740/gr1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonic basidiobolomycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum. Primary cecal basidiobolomycosis is an exceptionally rare condition. The study describes two cases of primary basidiobolomycosis of the cecum in immunocompetent male and female patients (one each). The patients presented with fever, abdominal pain, weight loss, eosinophilia, and high erythrocyte sedimentation rates. Computed tomography revealed wall thickening and mass lesions involving the cecum, suggesting malignancy. Right hemicolectomies were performed to relieve the intestinal obstruction. On microscopy, there were destructive, transmural eosinophil-rich pyogranulomatous reactions with thin-walled, pauci-septated fungal elements surrounded by Splendore-Hoeppli bodies. The patients received antifungal drugs, with no evidence of dissemination or recurrence on follow-up. Primary cecal basidiobolomycosis in immunocompetent hosts is a rare occurrence. It oftentimes clinically masquerades malignant neoplasms and therefore its identification mandates its inclusion in the differential diagnosis of a colonic mass, equally both on the part of the clinicians and pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R A Hussein
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdullah S Alqahtani
- Department of General Surgery, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahia Alhagawi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif S Al Saglan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Albishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras O Ahmed
- Department of General Surgery, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad E Rabie
- Department of General Surgery, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Bazeed
- Department of Radiology, Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman E Abu-Dief
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag and Merit Universities, Sohag, Egypt
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Gopalakrishnan G, Srinivas BH, Pottakkat B, Gnanasekaran S, Kalayarasan R. Perforated High-Grade Mixed Neuroendocrine Nonneuroendocrine Neoplasm of Cecum: Unusual Presentation of Rare Disease. Gastrointest Tumors 2021; 8:128-133. [PMID: 34307311 DOI: 10.1159/000512237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed neuroendocrine nonneuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) are rare neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract, where the neuroendocrine as well as the nonneuroendocrine components each comprise at least 30% of the tumor. Of all cases of colorectal malignancies, MiNENs constitute around 3-9.6%, with only a few cases reported to be arising in the cecum. Since majority present with nonspecific clinical and radiological findings, its diagnosis preoperatively is almost impossible and these are usually diagnosed after histopathological examination of the resected specimen. Owing to the rarity of these tumors as well as lack of complete molecular characterization, optimal treatment remains unestablished. We, here, report a rare case of MiNENs of the cecum infiltrating the right psoas muscle and presenting with perforation for which right hemicolectomy and en bloc excision of the involved psoas muscle was done followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunasekaran Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Biju Pottakkat
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Senthil Gnanasekaran
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Raja Kalayarasan
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Hadieva G, Lutfullin M, Pudova D, Akosah Y, Shagimardanova E, Gogoleva N, Sharipova M, Mardanova A. Supplementation of Bacillus subtilis GM5 enhances broiler body weight gain and modulates cecal microbiota. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:126. [PMID: 33643761 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02634-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the strain Bacillus subtilis GM5 on growth, feed conversion, and the composition of cecum microbiota in broiler chickens. Half of which received a control diet, while the other half was fed a diet supplemented with GM5 spores. Cecal contents on days 1, 10, and 42 were subjected to metataxonomic analysis. Principal Component Analysis showed that the control and probiotic groups formed three separate clusters, indicating changes, which occurred gradually in microbial communities. On day 1, Firmicutes (53.87-57.61%) and Proteobacteria (43.77-38.93%) were prevalent in both groups, whereas samples of days 10 and 42 were predominantly occupied by Firmicutes (54.55-81.79%) and Bacteroidetes (26.94-30.45%). In the group of chickens treated with probiotic, the average daily gain in body weight was higher, while feed conversion decreased by 1.44%. A surge in the presence of beneficial bacteria of the Ruminococcaceae family was observed. The introduction of the probiotic led to an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, which positively correlated with chickens' bodyweight (Spearman ρ = 1.0, P < 0.05). Supplementing broiler feed with B. subtilis GM5 spores leads to improved feed intake and digestibility, which is paramount in reducing the cost of the final product. Thus, the probiotic strain GM5 modulates the cecal microbiota of broiler chickens and increases microbial diversity, which is well exhibited on the 42nd day. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02634-2.
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Tominaga T, Nonaka T, Fukuda A, Moriyama M, Oyama S, Ishii M, Sawai T, Ueki N, Nagayasu T. Epidermoid cyst of the cecum resected by single-incision laparoscopic colectomy: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2021; 7:57. [PMID: 33630182 PMCID: PMC7907325 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-021-01138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidermoid cyst arising from the cecum is extremely rare. Single-incision laparoscopic surgery is the latest innovation in minimally invasive surgery, and shortens incisions, improves cosmesis, and reduces postoperative pain. We report here the first description of a patient with epidermoid cyst of the cecum treated by ileocecal resection by single-incision laparoscopic surgery. Case presentation A 20-year-old woman presented to our hospital with abdominal pain in the right lower quadrant. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a 56 × 35-mm cystic mass in the ileocecal area. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 56 × 43-mm, T1-hypointense, T2-hyperintense mass attached to the cecum. Gastrointestinal tumor or duplication cyst was suspected, and ileocecal resection was performed using single-incision laparoscopic surgery. Intraoperative examination showed the tumor as a round, whitish mass arising from the cecum. Operation time was 162 min, and intraoperative blood loss was 10 ml. Macroscopic examination showed a 56 × 45-mm elastic-hard, whitish, round mass arising from the cecal wall. Microscopic examination revealed the cyst wall lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. No malignant findings were identified. The final diagnosis was epidermoid cyst of the cecum. The postoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged on postoperative day 5. Conclusions A rare case of cecal epidermoid cyst is reported. Single-incision laparoscopic colectomy using an organ retractor represents a promising option for treating cecal epidermoid cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Tominaga
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
| | - Takashi Nonaka
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Akiko Fukuda
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Masaaki Moriyama
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shosaburo Oyama
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Ishii
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Terumitsu Sawai
- Departments of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Nozomi Ueki
- Department of Tumor and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagayasu
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
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Mishra TS, Jena SK, Kumari S, Purkait S, Ayyanar P, Nayak P. Cecal dermoid masquerading dermoid cyst of ovary: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:38. [PMID: 33514417 PMCID: PMC7847138 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02570-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ovary is the most common site of occurrence of mature cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts). These are the most common ovarian germ cell tumor in the reproductive age group, accounting for 10–20% of all ovarian neoplasms, with a 1–2% risk of malignancy. A cecal dermoid cyst is a rare entity with only ten cases having been reported so far, eight of which could be retrieved as the rest were reported in different languages. None of these cases were managed laparoscopically. Here we present the first case of cecal dermoid managed laparoscopically. Case presentation A 35-year-old nulliparous Indian Hindu woman presented with complaints of on and off abdominal pain for 10 months. The abdominal examination revealed a well-defined mass of about 10 × 5 cm size, palpable in the right iliac fossa. On sonography, it was suggestive of a right-sided ovarian dermoid cyst. The lesion measured 10 × 7 × 5 cm on a contrast-enhanced computed tomogram (CT) scan. It was well defined and hypodense and located in the right lower abdomen. The ovarian tumor markers were normal. On laparoscopy, the uterus, bilateral tubes, and ovaries were found to be healthy. The cyst was seen arising from the right medial wall of the cecum at the ileocecal junction, which was excised laparoscopically. Histopathological study revealed it to be a mature cystic teratoma. Conclusion Ovarian mature cystic teratoma commonly has an indolent course and can present with palpable abdominal mass, pain, or vomiting due to complications like torsion, hemorrhage, or infection. Alternatively, these cysts can be asymptomatic and incidentally detected. Clinicians should be aware of the variety of presentations of dermoid cysts of the bowel as well as mesentery. The exact location of the teratoma eluded us till the laparoscopy despite adequate imaging including a contrast-enhanced CT scan having been performed preoperatively. We are reporting this as it is a rare entity, and this knowledge will help gynecologists and surgeons make an appropriate surgical decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Subhadarshan Mishra
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Room No 403, Academic Building, AIIMS Road, Patrapada, Sijua, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India.
| | - Saubhagya Kumar Jena
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Supriya Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Suvendu Purkait
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pavithra Ayyanar
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pallabi Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Choi SI, Son JH, Kim N, Kim YS, Nam RH, Park JH, Song CH, Yu JE, Lee DH, Yoon K, Min H, Kim YR, Seok YJ. Changes in Cecal Microbiota and Short-chain Fatty Acid During Lifespan of the Rat. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 27:134-146. [PMID: 33380558 PMCID: PMC7786083 DOI: 10.5056/jnm20148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The gut microbiota regulates intestinal immune homeostasis through host-microbiota interactions. Multiple factors affect the gut microbiota, including age, sex, diet, and use of drugs. In addition, information on gut microbiota differs depending on the samples. The aim of this study is to investigate whether changes in cecal microbiota depend on aging. Methods Gut microbiota in cecal contents of 6-, 31-, and 74-week-old and 2-year-old male Fischer-344 rats (corresponding to 5-, 30-, 60-, and 80-year-old humans in terms of age) were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA metagenome sequencing and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes orthology. Moreover, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) level in cecum and inflammation related factors were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results Alpha and beta diversity did not change significantly with age. At the family level, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, which produce SCFAs, showed significant change in 31-week-old rats Lachnospiraceae significantly increased at 31 weeks of age, compared to other age groups, while Ruminococcaceae decreased. Butyrate levels in cecum were significantly increased in 31-week-old rats, and the expression of inflammation related genes was increased followed aging. Especially, EU622775_s and EU622773_s, which were highly abundance species in 31-week-old rats, showed significant relationship with butyrate concentration. Enzymes required for producing butyrate—acetyl-CoA transferase, butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, and butyrate kinase—were not predicted by PICRUSt. Conclusions Major bacterial taxa in the cecal lumen, such as Lachnospiraceae, well-known SCFAs-producing family, changed in 31-week-old rats. Moreover, unknown species EU622775_s and EU622773_s showed strong association with cecal butyrate level at 31 weeks of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Joo Hee Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Sung Kim
- Digestive Disease Research Institute and DCNbio research center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Ryoung Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chin-Hee Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kichul Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Sanbon Medical Center, Gunpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Huitae Min
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ran Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong-Jae Seok
- Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Utiger JM, Glas M, Levis A, Prazak J, Haenggi M. Description of a rat model of polymicrobial abdominal sepsis mimicking human colon perforation. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:14. [PMID: 33413600 PMCID: PMC7790355 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Standard rodent sepsis models as cecal ligation and puncture models (CLP) or cecal ligation and incision models (CLI) are frequently not suited experiments, mainly because they lack surgical repair, and they are difficult to control for severity. The colon ascendens stent peritonitis model (CASP) overcomes some of these limitations. Result Here we present our modification of the rodent CASP model, where severity of sepsis can be controlled by timing of surgical repair and treatment, and by diameter of the stent. Further, basic hemodynamic monitoring (blood pressure and heart rate) and frequent blood sampling can be achieved, which might guide further treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Utiger
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Glas
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anja Levis
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Josef Prazak
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Haenggi
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Manasewitsch NT, Lee MT, Khuu AN. Synchronous Volvulus of the Transverse Colon and Cecum Associated with Scleroderma and Lupus. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 16:273-7. [PMID: 33299508 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colonic volvulus may infrequently occur in the transverse colon, and synchronous double volvulus is a rarely reported phenomenon in the literature. Additionally, intestinal volvulus is a rare but serious complication that has been reported in scleroderma and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. We report a 26-year-old patient with a history of scleroderma-SLE overlap syndrome who presented with an acute abdomen. CT imaging revealed a transverse colon volvulus and a cecal bascule (cecal volvulus). To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of synchronous double volvulus of the transverse colon and cecum. Additionally, this is the second reported case of transverse colon volvulus occurring in a patient with scleroderma and the first case in a patient with scleroderma-SLE overlap syndrome.
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Wang Y, Liu L, Li M, Lin L, Su P, Tang H, Fan X, Li X. Chicken cecal DNA methylome alteration in the response to Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis inoculation. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:814. [PMID: 33225883 PMCID: PMC7681971 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is one of the pathogenic bacteria, which affects poultry production and poses a severe threat to public health. Chicken meat and eggs are the main sources of human salmonellosis. DNA methylation is involved in regulatory processes including gene expression, chromatin structure and genomic imprinting. To understand the methylation regulation in the response to SE inoculation in chicken, the genome-wide DNA methylation profile following SE inoculation was analyzed through whole-genome bisulfite sequencing in the current study. RESULTS There were 185,362,463 clean reads and 126,098,724 unique reads in the control group, and 180,530,750 clean reads and 126,782,896 unique reads in the inoculated group. The methylation density in the gene body was higher than that in the upstream and downstream regions of the gene. There were 8946 differentially methylated genes (3639 hypo-methylated genes, 5307 hyper-methylated genes) obtained between inoculated and control groups. Methylated genes were mainly enriched in immune-related Gene Ontology (GO) terms and metabolic process terms. Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, TGF-beta signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway and several metabolism-related pathways were significantly enriched. The density of differentially methylated cytosines in miRNAs was the highest. HOX genes were widely methylated. CONCLUSIONS The genome-wide DNA methylation profile in the response to SE inoculation in chicken was analyzed. SE inoculation promoted the DNA methylation in the chicken cecum and caused methylation alteration in immune- and metabolic- related genes. Wnt signal pathway, miRNAs and HOX gene family may play crucial roles in the methylation regulation of SE inoculation in chicken. The findings herein will deepen the understanding of epigenetic regulation in the response to SE inoculation in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Liying Liu
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Lili Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Pengcheng Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Hui Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Xinzhong Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
| | - Xianyao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018 Shandong China
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a proposed new CT observation in cecal volvulus, marked hook-like curvature of ileocolic vessels termed "ileocolic vascular curvature." METHODS Contrast-enhanced CT scans of 14 patients with diagnoses of cecal volvulus on original CT reports were compared with scans of 40 control patients with dilated cecum but no cecal volvulus on original CT reports, accrued consecutively from January, 2006 through July, 2017. Two independent blinded readers retrospectively evaluated scans for cecal dilatation, ileocolic vascular curvature and seven previously reported CT features of cecal volvulus. Statistical methods included the exact binomial distribution to define 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and the exact McNemar test. Pathology reports and clinical records served as reference standards. RESULTS All patients had abdominal pain and cecal distension. All 14 patients with CT diagnoses of cecal volvulus, and no control patients, had cecal volvulus by reference standards. Ileocolic vascular curvature and ectopic cecal location were the only features independently and significantly associated with cecal volvulus in multivariable regression (odds ratio 178, p = 0.014, and 63, p = 0.013, respectively) and also the only features with both sensitivity (12/14 [85.7%, 95% CI 57.2-98.2%] and 13/14 [92.9%, 95% CI 66.1-99.8%], respectively) and specificity (40/40 [100.0%, 95% CI 91.2-100.0%] and 38/40 [95.0%, 95% CI 83.1-99.4%], respectively) that differed significantly from 50.0%. CONCLUSIONS Ileocolic vascular curvature was independently and significantly associated with cecal volvulus and exhibited both substantial sensitivity and substantial specificity for cecal volvulus, and thus is potentially a valuable new CT finding of cecal volvulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Wong
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA
| | - R Brooke Jeffrey
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA
| | - Adam N Rucker
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA
| | - Eric W Olcott
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5105, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, USA.
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Halpin MY, Drouillard JS, Fehlberg LK, Douthit TL, Lattimer JM. Effects of Sodium Caseinate and Varying Protein Sources on In Vitro Fermentation of Forages by Mixed Equine Cecal Microorganisms. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 91:103127. [PMID: 32684265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To assess the impact of protein on fermentation by equine cecal microorganisms, cecal fluid from 4 cecally cannulated horses was used to inoculate fermentation bottles containing buffer, forage, and supplemental protein. In experiment 1, sodium caseinate (SC) provided 0, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, or 4% additional crude protein (CP) to bottles containing alfalfa or native warm-season prairie grass hay. Bottles were equipped with continuous gas pressure monitors and placed into a shaking incubator for 48 hours at 39°C. Cultures with alfalfa had greater (P < .0001) in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber disappearance (NDFD), acid detergent fiber disappearance (ADFD), cumulative gas production, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA). Sodium caseinate increased gas production (P ≤ .05) and decreased pH (P < .003) in cultures with grass hay. Sodium caseinate at 1%, 2%, or 4% additional CP increased IVDMD, NDFD, and ADFD (P < .01), while 4% additional CP also increased total VFA (P < .01). For experiment 2, SC, fishmeal, soybean meal (SBM), whey, porcine blood plasma, and L-lysine hydrochloride were added to supply 2% additional CP to cultures with grass hay. All protein sources decreased pH and increased IVDMD, NDFD, and ADFD (P ≤ .01), with the largest effects elicited by SC, L-lysine, and whey (P ≤ .05). Total VFA (P ≤ .04) and gas (P ≤ .05) production increased with L-lysine, whey, SC, SBM, and fishmeal. While protein supplementation had minimal effects on cultures containing alfalfa, it altered fermentation of grass hay, more notably with more soluble protein sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Halpin
- Department of Animal Sciences & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - James S Drouillard
- Department of Animal Sciences & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Laura K Fehlberg
- Department of Animal Sciences & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Teresa L Douthit
- Department of Animal Sciences & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.
| | - James M Lattimer
- Department of Animal Sciences & Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
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Ali BH, Al Za'abi M, Al Suleimani Y, Manoj P, Ali H, Ribeiro DA, Nemmar A. Gum arabic reduces inflammation, oxidative, and nitrosative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with chronic kidney disease. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1427-1436. [PMID: 32157347 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate some biochemical indices of inflammation and oxidative and nitrosative stresses in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with experimental chronic kidney disease (CKD) and treated with gum arabic (GA). Male CD1 mice (n = 28) were randomly distributed into four groups and treated for four consecutive weeks: group 1: Control: received the same diet without treatment until the end of the study; group 2: Adenine: switched to a powder diet containing adenine (0.2% w/w in feed); group 3: Gum acacia (GA): given normal feed and GA in drinking water at a concentration of 15% w/v; and group 4: Adenine + GA: given adenine in the feed as in the second group plus GA in the drinking water at concentration of 15% w/v. CKD was induced to mice by adenine feeding and concomitantly treated with the prebiotic dietary fiber gum acacia, GA (15% in drinking water). Duodenal mucosa from CKD mice had significantly higher concentrations of TNF-alfa, IL- 6, and TGF-beta-1 and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, low concentrations of IL-10, some antioxidants (catalase, glutathione reductase, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 were found in the duodenum. The levels of nitrosative stress (nitrite, nitrate, and total nitrate) were significantly increased by CKD, as well as the concentrations of ammonia and urea creatinine in the cecal content. Concomitant GA treatment significantly mitigated these harmful effects. Taken together, GA reduces inflammation and duodenal oxidative and nitrosative stress in the gastrointestinal tract of mice with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badreldin H Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al Za'abi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yousuf Al Suleimani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Priyadarsini Manoj
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Haytham Ali
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Daniel A Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Zip code, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil.
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Altamira-Camacho M, Medina-Aguiñaga D, Cruz Y, Calderón-Vallejo D, Kovacs K, Rotondo F, Quintanar JL. Leuprolide Acetate, a GnRH Agonist, Improves the Neurogenic Bowel in Ovariectomized Rats with Spinal Cord Injury. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:423-30. [PMID: 31471861 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electromyographic studies have shown that external anal sphincter activity is modified in response to distension in animals with spinal cord injury. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its agonist leuprolide acetate have neurotrophic properties in animals with spinal cord injury. AIM This study was to determine the effects of leuprolide acetate treatment on electromyographic activity of the external anal sphincter and anorectal manometry in ovariectomized rats with spinal cord injury. METHODS Adult ovariectomized rats were divided in three groups: (a) sham of spinal cord injury, (b) spinal cord injury treated with saline solution, and (c) spinal cord injury treated with leuprolide acetate. The spinal cord injury was induced by clamping at level T9. Leuprolide acetate dosage of 10 μg/kg was proctored intramuscular for 5 weeks, commencing the day after the lesion. Electromyography of the external anal sphincter, anorectal manometry, and volume of the cecum were evaluated in all groups. RESULTS The electromyographic study of the external anal sphincter activity showed a significant improvement in injured rats treated with leuprolide acetate. Manometric analysis and cecum volume data obtained in animals with leuprolide acetate were very similar to those found in the sham group. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that leuprolide acetate treatment improves the neurogenic colon in ovariectomized rats with spinal cord injury.
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AlShammari A, Alyousef F, Alyousif A, Alsulabi Z, AlJishi F, Siraj I, Alotaibi H, Aburahmah M. Chronic abdominal pain after laparoscopic hernia repair due to mesh graft migration to the cecum: a case report. Patient Saf Surg 2019; 13:37. [PMID: 31788028 PMCID: PMC6880573 DOI: 10.1186/s13037-019-0220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hernia repair with mesh graft is one of the most common procedures in general surgery. Mesh graft repair is the treatment of choice for umbilical and periumbilical hernias to minimize recurrence. One of the rare but serious complications is mesh graft migration to viscus. These complications can occur months to years after repair and their diagnosis can be challenging as they may present as vague abdominal pain only. Case presentation A 74-year-old gentleman with multiple medical comorbidities was diagnosed with a para-umbilical hernia after which he underwent a laparoscopic hernia repair at our hospital using a mesh graft with no complications. On postoperative day 10, he presented to the emergency room (ER) complaining of colicky abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa for 1 day associated with diarrhea. A Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed diffuse wall thickening of the cecum and terminal ileum with small free air worrisome for perforation. The decision was made in the ER to discharge him home on antibiotics. The patient then returned back multiple times to the ER for the same complaint along with bleeding per rectum for which he underwent further investigations. Months later, the patient presented again with the same symptoms. A CT scan revealed recurrence of a periumbilical hernia and thickening of the medial wall of the cecum with mesh graft material. The patient was then taken to surgery and intra-operative findings revealed migration of almost 50% of the mesh graft size to the cecum and part of the mesh graft was eroding the distal part of ileum just proximal to the ileocecal junction. Adhesolysis and limited right hemicolectomy with ileocolic anastomosis was done. The patient had an uneventful recovery after revisions surgery without any perioperative complications. He was discharged home on postoperative readmission day 5 and followed up at 2 weeks and 3 months without any delayed complications or subjective complaints. Conclusion It is important to consider mesh graft migration to viscus as a cause of persistent abdominal pain and bleeding per rectum irrespective of the time of presentation post hernia repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah AlShammari
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia.,2Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH&RC), P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Alyousef
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Alyousif
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Alsulabi
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah AlJishi
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia
| | - Isra Siraj
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissah Alotaibi
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Aburahmah
- 1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, P.O. Box 50927, Riyadh, 11533 Saudi Arabia.,2Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH&RC), P. O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
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Kou H, Fu Y, He Y, Jiang J, Gao X, Zhao H. Chronic lead exposure induces histopathological damage, microbiota dysbiosis and immune disorder in the cecum of female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 183:109588. [PMID: 31450035 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most hazardous metals to human and wildlife and it also has multiple negative impacts on birds. However, its influences on bird gut morphology and intestinal microbiota were still unclear. We used female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) to examine the effects of chronic lead exposure (0, 50 ppm and 1000 ppm) on cecal histology, microbial communities and immune function. The results showed 50 ppm lead exposure caused subtle damages of cecum cell structure. However, 1000 ppm lead exposure caused severe cecum histopathological changes characterized by mucosa abscission, Lieberkühn glands destruction and lymphocyte proliferation. Moreover, both lead concentrations induced ultrastructural damages featured by nucleus pyknosis, mitochondrial vacuolation and microvilli contraction. Meanwhile, microbial community structure, species diversity, taxonomic compositions and taxa abundance in the cecum were affected by lead exposure. Furthermore, the mRNA relative expression of immunity-related genes such as interleukin 2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) was significantly downregulated while that of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and natural killer kappa B (NF-κB) was significantly upregulated in the cecum of 50 and 1000 ppm lead exposure groups. We concluded that lead exposure may cause gut health impairment of female Japanese quails by inducing cecal histopathological changes, microbiota dysbiosis and cecal immune disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Kou
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuchen Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yu He
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Junxia Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xuebin Gao
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China. ,cn
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Zhang L, Jiang X, Li A, Waqas M, Gao X, Li K, Xie G, Zhang J, Mehmood K, Zhao S, Wangdui B, Li J. Characterization of the microbial community structure in intestinal segments of yak (Bos grunniens). Anaerobe 2020; 61:102115. [PMID: 31711887 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.102115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Yak (Bos grunniens), a ruminant, has a complex gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem, which is essential for host nutrition and health. However, not much is known about gut microbial communities of yak. This study was conducted to characterize the gut microbial diversity and composition of small intestinal and cecal contents of yaks through high-throughput sequencing targeting V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene. A total of 916,934 high-quality sequences were obtained and 224 core operational taxonomic units (OTUs) shared all samples. The result showed that the microbial community in the small intestine was different from cecum sample. In all samples, the majority of bacterial phyla were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. A large proportion of anaerobes in the families Peptostreptococcaceae, Prevotellaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Succinivibrionaceae were present in the various intestinal segments. The relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae and Muribaculaceae were significantly higher in cecum than in other segments of intestines. At the genus level, Bacteroides was the most predominant genus in cecum. The results indicated that yak have abundant and diverse gut microbial community. In conclusion, this study characterized the profiles of microbial communities across intestinal segments and provide better insight into microbial population structure and diversity of yak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Carboni
- Department of Digestive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Valle
- Department of Digestive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Russo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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48
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Huang CB, Xiao L, Xing SC, Chen JY, Yang YW, Zhou Y, Chen W, Liang JB, Mi JD, Wang Y, Wu YB, Liao XD. The microbiota structure in the cecum of laying hens contributes to dissimilar H 2S production. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:770. [PMID: 31646963 PMCID: PMC6813079 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genotype plays a crucial role in microbial composition of laying hens, which may lead to dissimilar odor gas production. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship among layer breed, microbial structure and odor production. RESULTS Thirty Hy-Line Gray and thirty Lohmann Pink laying hens were used in this study to determine the impact of cecal microbial structure on odor production of laying hens. The hens were managed under the same husbandry and dietary regimes. Results of in vivo experiments showed a lower hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production from Hy-Line hens and a lower concentration of soluble sulfide (S2-) but a higher concentration of butyrate in the cecal content of the Hy-Line hens compared to Lohmann Pink hens (P < 0.05), which was consistent with the in vitro experiments (P < 0.05). However, ammonia (NH3) production was not different between genotypes (P > 0.05). Significant microbial structural differences existed between the two breed groups. The relative abundance of some butyrate producers (including Butyricicoccus, Butyricimonas and Roseburia) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (including Mailhella and Lawsonia) were found to be significantly correlated with odor production and were shown to be different in the 16S rRNA and PCR data between two breed groups. Furthermore, some bacterial metabolism pathways associated with energy extraction and carbohydrate utilization (oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate metabolism, energy metabolism, two component system and secretion system) were overrepresented in the Hy-Line hens, while several amino acid metabolism-associated pathways (amino acid related enzymes, arginine and proline metabolism, and alanine-aspartate and glutamate metabolism) were more prevalent in the Lohmann hens. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that genotype of laying hens influence cecal microbiota, which in turn modulates their odor production. Our study provides references for breeding and enteric manipulation for defined microbiota to reduce odor gas emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Bo Huang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Cheng Xing
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Wen Yang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan-Boo Liang
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, University of Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jian-Dui Mi
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin-Bao Wu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Di Liao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. .,Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Kolba N, Guo Z, Olivas FM, Mahler GJ, Tako E. Intra-amniotic administration (Gallus gallus) of TiO 2, SiO 2, and ZnO nanoparticles affect brush border membrane functionality and alters gut microflora populations. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:110896. [PMID: 31654707 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (NP) are increasingly used in the food and agriculture industries, making human consumption nearly unavoidable. The goal of this study was to use the Gallus gallus (broiler chicken) intra-amniotic administration of physiologically relevant concentrations of TiO2, SiO2, and ZnO to better understand the effects of NP exposure on gut health and function. Immediately after hatch, blood, cecum, and small intestine were collected for assessment of iron (Fe)-metabolism, zinc (Zn)-metabolism, brush border membrane (BBM) functional, and pro-inflammatory related proteins gene expression; blood Fe and Zn levels; cecum weight; and the relative abundance of intestinal microflora. NP type, dose, and the presence or absence of minerals was shown to result in altered mineral transporter, BBM functional, and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Metal oxide NP also altered the abundance of intestinal bacterial populations. Overall, the data suggest that the in vivo results align with in vitro studies, and that NP have the potential to negatively affect intestinal functionality and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Kolba
- USDA-ARS, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Zhongyuan Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA.
| | | | - Gretchen J Mahler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA.
| | - Elad Tako
- USDA-ARS, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Kang SI. Incarcerated pericecal hernia: a rare form of the internal hernia. Yeungnam Univ J Med 2019; 35:236-239. [PMID: 31620601 PMCID: PMC6784704 DOI: 10.12701/yujm.2018.35.2.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A pericecal hernia is a rare form of an internal hernia, which has been described in several case reports. We present a case of a 32-year-old woman who complained of vague abdominal pain a day prior to admission. Abdominal computed tomography revealed the presence of a pericecal hernia without bowel ischemia. The patient underwent manual hernia reduction and was discharged without complications. We describe this case in detail and provide a review of the pertinent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Il Kang
- Department of Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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