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McHenry ML, Wampande EM, Joloba ML, Malone LL, Mayanja-Kizza H, Bush WS, Boom WH, Williams SM, Stein CM. Interaction between M. tuberculosis Lineage and Human Genetic Variants Reveals Novel Pathway Associations with Severity of TB. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111487. [PMID: 34832643 PMCID: PMC8617877 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health threat globally, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Both human and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC) genetic variation affect TB outcomes, but few studies have examined if and how the two genomes interact to affect disease. We hypothesize that long-term coexistence between human genomes and MTBC lineages modulates disease to affect its severity. We examined this hypothesis in our TB household contact study in Kampala, Uganda, in which we identified three MTBC lineages, of which one, L4.6-Uganda, is clearly derived and hence recent. We quantified TB severity using the Bandim TBscore and examined the interaction between MTBC lineage and human single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genome-wide, in two independent cohorts of TB cases (n = 149 and n = 127). We found a significant interaction between an SNP in PPIAP2 and the Uganda lineage (combined p = 4 × 10−8). PPIAP2 is a pseudogene that is highly expressed in immune cells. Pathway and eQTL analyses indicated potential roles between coevolving SNPs and cellular replication and metabolism as well as platelet aggregation and coagulation. This finding provides further evidence that host–pathogen interactions affect clinical presentation differently than host and pathogen genetic variation independently, and that human–MTBC coevolution is likely to explain patterns of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. McHenry
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA; (M.L.M.); (W.S.B.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Eddie M. Wampande
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; (E.M.W.); (M.L.J.)
| | - Moses L. Joloba
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; (E.M.W.); (M.L.J.)
| | - LaShaunda L. Malone
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (L.L.M.); (W.H.B.)
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Department of Medicine and Mulago Hospital, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda;
| | - William S. Bush
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA; (M.L.M.); (W.S.B.); (S.M.W.)
| | - W. Henry Boom
- Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (L.L.M.); (W.H.B.)
| | - Scott M. Williams
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA; (M.L.M.); (W.S.B.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Catherine M. Stein
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA; (M.L.M.); (W.S.B.); (S.M.W.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda; (E.M.W.); (M.L.J.)
- Correspondence:
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McHenry ML, Williams SM, Stein CM. Genetics and evolution of tuberculosis pathogenesis: New perspectives and approaches. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 81:104204. [PMID: 31981609 PMCID: PMC7192760 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is the most lethal infectious disease globally, but the vast majority of people who are exposed to the primary causative pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), do not develop active disease. Most people do, however, show signs of infection that remain throughout their lifetimes. In this review, we develop a framework that describes several possible transitions from pathogen exposure to TB disease and reflect on the genetics studies to address many of these. The evidence strongly supports a human genetic component for both infection and active disease, but many of the existing studies, including some of our own, do not clearly delineate what transition(s) is being explicitly examined. This can make interpretation difficult in terms of why only some people develop active disease. Nonetheless, both linkage peaks and associations with either active disease or latent infection have been identified. For transition to active disease, pathways defined as active TB altered T and B cell signaling in rheumatoid arthritis and T helper cell differentiation are significantly associated. Pathways that affect transition from exposure to infection are less clear-cut, as studies of this phenotype are less common, and a primary response, if it exists, is not yet well defined. Lastly, we discuss the role that interaction between the MTB lineage and human genetics can play in TB disease, especially severity. Severity of TB is at present the only way to study putative co-evolution between MTB and humans as it is impossible in the absence of disease to know the MTB lineage(s) to which an individual has been exposed. In addition, even though severity has been defined in multiple heterogeneous ways, it appears that MTB-human co-evolution may shape pathogenicity. Further analysis of co-evolution, requiring careful analysis of paired samples, may be the best way to completely assess the genetic basis of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L McHenry
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Scott M Williams
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
| | - Catherine M Stein
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
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3
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McHenry ML, Bartlett J, Igo RP, Wampande EM, Benchek P, Mayanja-Kizza H, Fluegge K, Hall NB, Gagneux S, Tishkoff SA, Wejse C, Sirugo G, Boom WH, Joloba M, Williams SM, Stein CM. Interaction between host genes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage can affect tuberculosis severity: Evidence for coevolution? PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008728. [PMID: 32352966 PMCID: PMC7217476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies of both the human host and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) demonstrate independent association with tuberculosis (TB) risk. However, neither explains a large portion of disease risk or severity. Based on studies in other infectious diseases and animal models of TB, we hypothesized that the genomes of the two interact to modulate risk of developing active TB or increasing the severity of disease, when present. We examined this hypothesis in our TB household contact study in Kampala, Uganda, in which there were 3 MTB lineages of which L4-Ugandan (L4.6) is the most recent. TB severity, measured using the Bandim TBscore, was modeled as a function of host SNP genotype, MTB lineage, and their interaction, within two independent cohorts of TB cases, N = 113 and 121. No association was found between lineage and severity, but association between multiple polymorphisms in IL12B and TBscore was replicated in two independent cohorts (most significant rs3212227, combined p = 0.0006), supporting previous associations of IL12B with TB susceptibility. We also observed significant interaction between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in SLC11A1 and the L4-Ugandan lineage in both cohorts (rs17235409, meta p = 0.0002). Interestingly, the presence of the L4-Uganda lineage in the presence of the ancestral human allele associated with more severe disease. These findings demonstrate that IL12B is associated with severity of TB in addition to susceptibility, and that the association between TB severity and human genetics can be due to an interaction between genes in the two species, consistent with host-pathogen coevolution in TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. McHenry
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jacquelaine Bartlett
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Robert P. Igo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Eddie M. Wampande
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Penelope Benchek
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Department of Medicine and Mulago Hospital, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kyle Fluegge
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Noemi B. Hall
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sebastien Gagneux
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah A. Tishkoff
- Departments of Genetics and Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Christian Wejse
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Center for Global Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Bandim Health Project, INDEPTH Network, Bissau, Guinea Bissau
| | - Giorgio Sirugo
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Unites States of America
| | - W. Henry Boom
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Moses Joloba
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Scott M. Williams
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SMW); (CMS)
| | - Catherine M. Stein
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SMW); (CMS)
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Correa-Macedo W, Cambri G, Schurr E. The Interplay of Human and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Genomic Variability. Front Genet 2019; 10:865. [PMID: 31620169 PMCID: PMC6759583 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the human pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and Mycobacterium africanum, has plagued humanity for millennia and remains the deadliest infectious disease in the modern world. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. africanum can be subdivided phylogenetically into seven lineages exhibiting a low but significant degree of genomic diversity and preferential geographic distributions. Human genetic variability impacts all stages of TB pathogenesis ranging from susceptibility to infection with Mtb, progression of infection to disease, and the development of distinct clinical subtypes. The genetic study of severe childhood TB identified strong inborn single-gene errors revealing crucial pathways of vulnerability to TB. However, the identification of major TB-susceptibility genes on the population level has remained elusive. In particular, the replication of findings from candidate and genome-wide association studies across distinct human populations has proven difficult, thus hampering the characterization of reliable host molecular markers of susceptibility. Among the possible confounding factors of genetic association studies is Mtb genomic variability, which generally was not taken into account by human genetic studies. In support of this possibility, Mtb lineage was found to be a contributing factor to clinical presentation of TB and epidemiological spread of Mtb in exposed populations. The confluence of pathogen and human host genetic variability to TB pathogenesis led to the consideration of a possible coadaptation of Mtb strains and their human hosts, which should reveal itself in significant interaction effects between Mtb strain and TB-susceptibility/resistance alleles. Here, we present some of the most consistent findings of genetic susceptibility factors in human TB and review studies that point to genome-to-genome interaction between humans and Mtb lineages. The limited results available so far suggest that analyses considering joint human–Mtb genomic variability may provide improved power for the discovery of pathogenic drivers of the ongoing TB epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilian Correa-Macedo
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,The McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Geison Cambri
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Erwin Schurr
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,The McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Human Genetics and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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5
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Averbakh MM, Ergeshow A. Interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Host: Role of Cytokines in Pathogenesis and Treatment Monitoring. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2018. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.76543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Devi KR, Mukherjee K, Chelleng PK, Kalita S, Das U, Narain K. Association of VDR gene polymorphisms and 22 bp deletions in the promoter region of TLR2Δ22 (-196-174) with increased risk of pulmonary tuberculosis: A case-control study in tea garden communities of Assam. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22562. [PMID: 29727015 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high number of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases have been reported from tea garden communities of Assam. Till date, no molecular epidemiological study was performed to investigate the association of candidate gene(s) with the risk PTB in this region. The present case-control study was aimed to investigate the association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and 22 bp deletion in the promoter region of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) gene with the risk of PTB in tea garden communities of Assam. METHODS Genotyping of VDR polymorphisms and TLR2Δ22 (-196-174) gene was carried out for 169 PTB cases and 227 apparently healthy community controls using blood samples by PCR-RFLP followed by DNA sequencing. For association study, both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS This study has shown that BsmI and FokI polymorphisms of VDR gene significantly associated with an increased risk of PTB (AOR = 3.58, 95% CI = 1.64-7.80, P < .01 for B/b genotype of BsmI and AOR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.40-4.24, P < .01 for F/f genotype of FokI polymorphism). No significant association of TaqI and ApaI polymorphism of VDR gene was found with the risk of PTB. Moreover, this study has revealed that person carrying deletion allele in their TLR2Δ22 (-196-174) gene is significantly associated with an increased risk of PTB having b/b or F/f genotypes in BsmI or FokI polymorphisms of VDR gene. CONCLUSION This study has revealed that BsmI and FokI polymorphisms of VDR gene significantly associated with an increased risk of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Simanta Kalita
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Upasana Das
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Kanwar Narain
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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7
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Tang J, Sun M, Shi G, Xu Y, Han Y, Li X, Dong W, Zhan L, Qin C. Toll-Like Receptor 8 Agonist Strengthens the Protective Efficacy of ESAT-6 Immunization to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1972. [PMID: 29416532 PMCID: PMC5787779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests important functions for human Toll-like receptor 8 in vivo in tuberculosis and autoimmune diseases. However, these studies are limited by the lack of specific agonists and by the fact that the homology of TLR8 in human and mice is not sufficient to rely on mouse models. In this study, we examined the role of human TLR8 in the disease progression of experimental Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, as well as the benefits provided by a TLR8 agonist against Mtb challenge in a human TLR8 transgenic mouse. We found that the expression of human TLR8 in C57BL/6 mice permits higher bacilli load in tissues. A vaccine formulated with ESAT-6, aluminum hydroxide, and TLR8 agonist provided protection against Mtb challenge, with a high percentage of CD44hiCD62Lhi TCM. Using ovalbumin as a model antigen, we demonstrated that the activation of TLR8 enhanced the innate and adaptive immune response, and provided a sustained TCM formation and Th1 type humoral response, which were mainly mediated by type I IFN signaling. Further research is required to optimize the vaccine formulation and seek optimal combinations of different TLR agonists, such as TLR4, for better adjuvanticity in this animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Tuberculosis Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Guiying Shi
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfeng Xu
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlin Han
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lingjun Zhan
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Tuberculosis Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Qin
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Tuberculosis Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
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8
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Stein CM, Sausville L, Wejse C, Sobota RS, Zetola NM, Hill PC, Boom WH, Scott WK, Sirugo G, Williams SM. Genomics of human pulmonary tuberculosis: from genes to pathways. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2017; 5:149-166. [PMID: 29805915 DOI: 10.1007/s40142-017-0130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains a major public health threat globally. Several lines of evidence support a role for host genetic factors in resistance/susceptibility to TB disease and MTB infection. However, results across candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are largely inconsistent, so a cohesive genetic model underlying TB risk has not emerged. Recent Findings Despite the difficulties in identifying consistent genetic associations, genetic studies of TB and MTB infection have revealed a few well-documented loci. These well validated genes are presented in this review, but there remains a large gap in how these genes translate into better understanding of TB. To address this, we present a pathway based extension of standard association analyses, seeding the results with the best validated genes from candidate gene and GWAS studies. Summary Several pathways were significantly enriched using pathway analyses that may help to explain population patterns of TB risk. In conclusion, we advocate for novel approaches to the study of host genetic analysis of TB that extend traditional association approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Stein
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH.,Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Lindsay Sausville
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christian Wejse
- Dept of Infectious Diseases/Center for Global Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rafal S Sobota
- The Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Nicola M Zetola
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Botswana-UPenn Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.,Department of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Philip C Hill
- Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - W Henry Boom
- Tuberculosis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - William K Scott
- Department of Human Genetics and Genomics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Giorgio Sirugo
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Scott M Williams
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland, OH
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9
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Orlova M, Schurr E. Human Genomics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Disease. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2017; 5:125-131. [PMID: 29201558 DOI: 10.1007/s40142-017-0124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review The study of the genetic basis of tuberculosis pathogenesis has benefited from powerful technological innovations, a more structured definition of latent and clinical manifestations of the disease, and the application of functional genomics approaches. This short review aims to summarize recent advances and to provide a link with results of previous human genetic studies of tuberculosis susceptibility. Recent findings Transcriptomics has been shown to be a useful tool to predict progression from latency to clinical disease while functional genomics has traced the molecular events that link pathogen-triggered gene expression and host genetics. Resistance to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been revealed to be strongly impacted by host genetics. Host genomics of clinical disease has been shown to be most powerful when focusing on carefully selected clinical entities and possibly by considering host pathogen combinations. Summary Future studies need to build on the latest molecular findings to define disease subtypes to successfully elucidate the human genetic component in tuberculosis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Orlova
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Erwin Schurr
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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10
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Elizabeth MC, Hernández de la Cruz ON, Mauricio CA. Infection of J774A.1 with different Mycobacterium species induces differential immune and miRNA-related responses. Microbiol Immunol 2017; 60:356-63. [PMID: 27041510 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages act as a reservoir for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, producing latent infection in approximately 90% of infected people. In this study, J774A.1 mouse macrophage cell line response and microRNA (miRNA) expression during infection with the most relevant mycobacterial strains for humans (M. tuberculosis, M. bovis and M. bovis BCG) was explored. No significant differences in bacillary loads were observed between activate and naive macrophages infected with M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. Nitrite production inhibition and infection control were in accordance with the virulence of the strain. Expression of let-7e, miR-21, miR-155, miR-210 and miR-223 was opposite in the two species and miR-146b* and miR-1224 expression seemed to be part of the general response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendoza-Coronel Elizabeth
- Genomic Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, 290 San Lorenzo, Benito Juárez, Col del Valle Sur, 03100 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Olga Nohemí Hernández de la Cruz
- Genomic Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, 290 San Lorenzo, Benito Juárez, Col del Valle Sur, 03100 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Castañón-Arreola Mauricio
- Genomic Sciences Program, Autonomous University of Mexico City, 290 San Lorenzo, Benito Juárez, Col del Valle Sur, 03100 Ciudad de México, México
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11
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Do HLA class II genes protect against pulmonary tuberculosis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1567-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Schurz H, Daya M, Möller M, Hoal EG, Salie M. TLR1, 2, 4, 6 and 9 Variants Associated with Tuberculosis Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139711. [PMID: 26430737 PMCID: PMC4592262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies investigating the influence of toll-like receptor (TLR) polymorphisms and tuberculosis susceptibility have yielded varying and often contradictory results in different ethnic groups. A meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between TLR variants and susceptibility to tuberculosis, both across and within specific ethnic groups. METHODS An extensive database search was performed for studies investigating the relationship between TLR and tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility. Data was subsequently extracted from included studies and statistically analysed. RESULTS 32 articles involving 18907 individuals were included in this meta-analysis, and data was extracted for 14 TLR polymorphisms. Various genetic models were employed. An increased risk of TB was found for individuals with the TLR2 rs3804100 CC and the TLR9 rs352139 GA and GG genotypes, while decreased risk was identified for those with the AG genotype of TLR1 rs4833095. The T allele of TLR6 rs5743810 conferred protection across all ethnic groups. TLR2 rs5743708 subgroup analysis identified the A allele to increase susceptibility to TB in the Asian ethnic group, while conferring protection in the Hispanic group. The T allele of TLR4 rs4986791 was also found to increase the risk of TB in the Asian subgroup. All other TLR gene variants investigated were not found to be associated with TB in this meta-analysis. DISCUSSION Although general associations were identified, most TLR variants showed no significant association with TB, indicating that additional studies investigating a wider range of pattern recognition receptors is required to gain a better understanding of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiko Schurz
- SA MRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Michelle Daya
- SA MRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Marlo Möller
- SA MRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Eileen G. Hoal
- SA MRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Muneeb Salie
- SA MRC Centre for Tuberculosis Research and the DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Herzmann C, Sotgiu G, Schaberg T, Ernst M, Stenger S, Lange C. Childhood BCG vaccination does not influence control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth by human bronchoalveolar lavage cells. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2015; 95:321-7. [PMID: 25794470 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2015.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood vaccination with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) reduces the risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the risk of severe forms of tuberculosis in children. The protection of adults from pulmonary tuberculosis is doubtful. This study evaluated the effect of the vaccination on the growth of M. tuberculosis human bronchoalveolar mononuclear cells (BALMC). METHODS Healthy, adult healthcare workers who were regularly exposed to M. tuberculosis, household tuberculosis contacts, and cured tuberculosis patients were recruited in a multicentre study conducted in Germany. BALMC were co-cultured with different strains of M. tuberculosis in growth inhibition assays (MGIAs). RESULTS MGIAs on BALMC were conducted in 90 contact persons (known vaccination status, n = 75) and 62 former tuberculosis patients (known status, n = 22). Growth rates for M. tuberculosis H37Rv in BALMC were independent of the vaccination status, both in healthy contacts and in cured tuberculosis patients. This finding was validated in growth inhibition assays using two different Haarlem M. tuberculosis outbreak strains. Subgroup analyses based on the Interferon-gamma release assay status found no impact of the vaccination on mycobacterial growth. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that M. bovis BCG vaccination does not alter the anti-mycobacterial capacity of BALMC as assessed in ex-vivo growth inhibition assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Herzmann
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany; Center for Clinical Studies, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari-Research, Medical Education and Professional Development Unit, AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Tom Schaberg
- Center of Pneumology, Deaconess Hospital Rotenburg, Rotenburg, Germany.
| | - Martin Ernst
- Division of Immune-Cell Analytics, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany.
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Christoph Lange
- Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Clinical Tuberculosis Unit, Germany; International Health/Infectious Diseases, University of Lübeck, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Namibia School of Medicine, Windhoek, Namibia; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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14
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Hijikata M, Matsushita I, Hang NTL, Maeda S, Thuong PH, Tam DB, Shimbo T, Sakurada S, Cuong VC, Lien LT, Keicho N. Age-dependent association of mannose-binding lectin polymorphisms with the development of pulmonary tuberculosis in Viet Nam. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:840-6. [PMID: 24952212 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) binds to pathogens and induces complement-mediated opsonophagocytosis. Although the association between MBL2 polymorphisms and tuberculosis (TB) has been studied in various populations, the results are controversial. We explored the stages of TB associated with MBL2 polymorphisms. X/Y (rs7096206) and A/B (rs1800450) were genotyped in 765 new patients with active pulmonary TB without HIV infection and 556 controls in Hanoi, Viet Nam. The MBL2 nucleotide sequences were further analyzed, and plasma MBL levels were measured in 109 apparently healthy healthcare workers and 65 patients with TB. Latent TB infection (LTBI) was detected by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). The YA/YA diplotype, which exhibited high plasma MBL levels, was associated with protection against active TB in younger patients (mean age = 32)≦ 45 years old (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.80). The resistant diplotype was less frequently found in the younger patients at diagnosis (P = 0.0021). MBL2 diplotype frequencies and plasma MBL levels were not significantly different between the IGRA-positive and -negative groups. MBL2 YA/YA exhibited a protective role against the development of TB in younger patients, whereas the MBL2 genotype and MBL levels were not associated with LTBI. High MBL levels may protect against the early development of pulmonary TB after infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Hijikata
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo 204-8533, Japan; National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Ikumi Matsushita
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo 204-8533, Japan
| | | | - Shinji Maeda
- Department of Mycobacterium Reference and Research, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo 204-8533, Japan
| | | | - Do Bang Tam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Hanoi Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Takuro Shimbo
- Department of Clinical Study and Informatics, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Sakurada
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | | | | | - Naoto Keicho
- Department of Pathophysiology and Host Defense, The Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Tokyo 204-8533, Japan; National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
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Sales ML, Fonseca AA, Sales EB, Cottorello ACP, Issa MA, Hodon MA, Soares Filho PM, Ramalho AK, Silva MR, Lage AP, Heinemann MB. Evaluation of molecular markers for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2014; 59:433-8. [PMID: 24744007 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-014-0317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) comprises a group of bacteria that have a high degree of genetic similarity. Two species in this group, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis, are the main cause of human and bovine tuberculosis, respectively. M. bovis has a broader host range that includes humans; thus, the differentiation of mycobacterium is of great importance for epidemiological and public health considerations and to optimize treatment. The current study aimed to evaluate primers and molecular markers described in the literature to differentiate M. bovis and M. tuberculosis by PCR. Primers JB21/22, frequently cited in scientific literature, presented in our study the highest number of errors to identify M. bovis or M. tuberculosis (73%) and primers Mb.400, designed to flank region of difference 4 (RD4), were considered the most efficient (detected all M. bovis tested and did not detect any M. tuberculosis tested). Although also designed to flank RD4, primers Mb.115 misidentified eight samples due to primer design problems. The results showed that RD4 is the ideal region to differentiate M. bovis from other bacteria classified in MTC, but primer design should be considered carefully.
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