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You T, Li Y, Li B, Wu S, Jiang X, Fu D, Xin J, Huang Y, Jin L, Hu C. Caveolin-1 protects against liver damage exacerbated by acetaminophen in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting the ERK/HIF-1α pathway. Mol Immunol 2023; 163:104-115. [PMID: 37769575 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a common antipyretic and analgesic drug that can cause long-term liver damage after an overdose. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases susceptibility to APAP. In NAFLD, excessive accumulation of lipids leads to an abnormal increase in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Caveolin-1 (CAV1) may protect against NAFLD by inhibiting HIF-1α. This research aimed to determine whether CAV1 could attenuate APAP-exacerbated liver injury in NAFLD by inhibiting oxidative stress involving HIF-1α. In this study, 7-week-old C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks, followed by the instillation of APAP. Levels of oxidative stress and liver lipid deposition were determined, and p-ERK1/2 and HIF-1α protein expression were measured by the Western blot (WB) method. In the APAP-treated group, the level of CAV1 was decreased, while the levels of HIF-1α and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly increased. AML12 cells were treated with a mixture of palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA) (1:2 mix) for 48 h, and APAP was added for the last 24 h. Overexpression of CAV1 in AML12 cells significantly inhibited the expression of ROS and HIF-1α. And the results of immunofluorescence after treatment with CAV1-SiRNA showed that the HIF-1α levels were significantly increased in mitochondria. In conclusion, our experimental results suggest that CAV1 has a protective function in the fatty liver based on preventing oxidative stress, which involves HIF-1α. Thus, upregulation of CAV1 may attenuate APAP-exacerbated liver injury in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu You
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangfu Jiang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Dongdong Fu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Jiao Xin
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Infectious diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China.
| | - Chengmu Hu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.
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Potential Role of Caveolin-1 in Regulating the Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Experimental MODS Model. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8297391. [PMID: 31148948 PMCID: PMC6501138 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8297391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) remains a great challenge in critical care because of its common occurrence, high cost of care, and high mortality. Vascular endothelial injury is the initiation step in the development of MODS, and EPCs are essential for the process of organ repair. It is unclear whether and how caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in EPCs contributes to the pathogenesis of MODS. The present study is aimed at investigating the potential role of Cav-1 in EPCs during MODS. We established a MODS model in pigs, isolated and characterized EPCs from the MODS model, and tracked Cav-1 expression and various in vitro behaviors of EPCs from the MODS model. Then, we knockdown Cav-1 expression with siRNA or induce Cav-1 expression with proinflammatory factors to evaluate potential effects on EPCs. Our results suggest that Cav-1 expression correlated with EPC functions during MODS and Cav-1 regulates the function of endothelial progenitor cells via PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling during MODS. Thus, Cav-1 in EPCs could be an attractive target for the treatment of MODS.
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Nah J, Yoo SM, Jung S, Jeong EI, Park M, Kaang BK, Jung YK. Phosphorylated CAV1 activates autophagy through an interaction with BECN1 under oxidative stress. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2822. [PMID: 28542134 PMCID: PMC5520747 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CAV1/Caveolin1, an integral membrane protein, is involved in caveolae function and cellular signaling pathways. Here, we report that CAV1 is a positive regulator of autophagy under oxidative stress and cerebral ischemic injury. Treatment with hydrogen peroxide enhanced autophagy flux and caused the localization of BECN1 to the mitochondria, whereas these changes were impaired in the absence of CAV1. Among many autophagy signals, only LC3 foci formation in response to hydrogen peroxide was abolished by CAV1 deficiency. Under oxidative stress, CAV1 interacted with a complex of BECN1/VPS34 through its scaffolding domain, and this interaction facilitated autophagosome formation. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of CAV1 at tyrosine-14 was essential for the interaction with BECN1 and their localization to the mitochondria, and the activation of autophagy in response to hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the expression of a phosphatase PTPN1 reduced the phosphorylation of CAV1 and inhibited autophagy. Further, compared to that in wild-type mice, autophagy was impaired and cerebral infarct damage was aggravated in the brain of Cav1 knockout mice. These results suggest that the phosphorylated CAV1 functions to activate autophagy through binding to the BECN1/VPS34 complex under oxidative stress and to protect against ischemic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Nah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, Gwanak-gu 151-747, Korea
| | - Seung-Min Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, Gwanak-gu 151-747, Korea
| | - Sunmin Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, Gwanak-gu 151-747, Korea
| | - Eun Il Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, Gwanak-gu 151-747, Korea
| | - Moonju Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, Gwanak-gu 151-747, Korea
| | - Bong-Kiun Kaang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, Gwanak-gu 151-747, Korea
| | - Yong-Keun Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, Gwanak-gu 151-747, Korea
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The Deleterious Effects of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress on Palmitoylation, Membrane Lipid Rafts and Lipid-Based Cellular Signalling: New Drug Targets in Neuroimmune Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:4638-58. [PMID: 26310971 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) is causatively implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, schizophrenia and depression. Many of the consequences stemming from O&NS, including damage to proteins, lipids and DNA, are well known, whereas the effects of O&NS on lipoprotein-based cellular signalling involving palmitoylation and plasma membrane lipid rafts are less well documented. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the mechanisms involved in lipid-based signalling, including palmitoylation, membrane/lipid raft (MLR) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) functions, the effects of O&NS processes on these processes and their role in the abovementioned diseases. S-palmitoylation is a post-translational modification, which regulates protein trafficking and association with the plasma membrane, protein subcellular location and functions. Palmitoylation and MRLs play a key role in neuronal functions, including glutamatergic neurotransmission, and immune-inflammatory responses. Palmitoylation, MLRs and n-3 PUFAs are vulnerable to the corruptive effects of O&NS. Chronic O&NS inhibits palmitoylation and causes profound changes in lipid membrane composition, e.g. n-3 PUFA depletion, increased membrane permeability and reduced fluidity, which together lead to disorders in intracellular signal transduction, receptor dysfunction and increased neurotoxicity. Disruption of lipid-based signalling is a source of the neuroimmune disorders involved in the pathophysiology of the abovementioned diseases. n-3 PUFA supplementation is a rational therapeutic approach targeting disruptions in lipid-based signalling.
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Chen T, Liu L, Xu HX, Wang WQ, Wu CT, Yao WT, Yu XJ. Significance of caveolin-1 regulators in pancreatic cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4501-7. [PMID: 24083692 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.8.4501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 is a scaffold protein on the cell membrane. As the main component of caveolae, caveolin-1 is involved in many biological processes that include substance uptake and transmembrane signaling. Many of these processes and thus caveolin-1 contribute to cell transformation, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. Of particular interest are the dual rolesof tumor suppressor and oncogene that caveolin-1 appear to play in different malignancies, including pancreatic cancer. Therefore, analyzing caveolin-1 regulators and understanding their mechanisms of actionis key to identifying novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools for pancreatic cancer. This review details the mechanisms of action of caveolin-1 regulators and the potential significance for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Pancreas and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China E-mail :
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Vincent C, Siddiqui TA, Schlichter LC. Podosomes in migrating microglia: components and matrix degradation. J Neuroinflammation 2012; 9:190. [PMID: 22873355 PMCID: PMC3423073 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-9-190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To perform their functions during development and after central nervous system injury, the brain’s immune cells (microglia) must migrate through dense neuropil and extracellular matrix (ECM), but it is not known how they degrade the ECM. In several cancer cell lines and peripheral cells, small multi-molecular complexes (invadopodia in cancer cells, podosomes in nontumor cells) can both adhere to and dissolve the ECM. Podosomes are tiny multi-molecular structures (0.4 to 1 μm) with a core, rich in F-actin and its regulatory molecules, surrounded by a ring containing adhesion and structural proteins. Methods Using rat microglia, we performed several functional assays: live cell imaging for chemokinesis, degradation of the ECM component, fibronectin, and chemotactic invasion through Matrigel™, a basement membrane type of ECM. Fluorescent markers were used with high-resolution microscopy to identify podosomes and their components. Results The fan-shaped lamella at the leading edge of migrating microglia contained a large F-actin-rich superstructure composed of many tiny (<1 μm) punctae that were adjacent to the substrate, as expected for cell–matrix contact points. This superstructure (which we call a podonut) was restricted to cells with lamellae, and conversely almost every lamella contained a podonut. Each podonut comprised hundreds of podosomes, which could also be seen individually adjacent to the podonut. Microglial podosomes contained hallmark components of these structures previously seen in several cell types: the plaque protein talin in the ring, and F-actin and actin-related protein (Arp) 2 in the core. In microglia, podosomes were also enriched in phosphotyrosine residues and three tyrosine-kinase-regulated proteins: tyrosine kinase substrate with five Src homology 3 domains (Tks5), phosphorylated caveolin-1, and Nox1 (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1). When microglia expressed podonuts, they were able to degrade the ECM components, fibronectin, and Matrigel™. Conclusion The discovery of functional podosomes in microglia has broad implications, because migration of these innate immune cells is crucial in the developing brain, after damage, and in disease states involving inflammation and matrix remodeling. Based on the roles of invadosomes in peripheral tissues, we propose that microglia use these complex structures to adhere to and degrade the ECM for efficient migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Vincent
- Toronto Western Research Institute, University of Toronto, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON M5T2S8, Canada
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García IM, Mazzei L, Benardón ME, Oliveros L, Cuello-Carrión FD, Gil Lorenzo A, Manucha W, Vallés PG. Caveolin-1-eNOS/Hsp70 interactions mediate rosuvastatin antifibrotic effects in neonatal obstructive nephropathy. Nitric Oxide 2012; 27:95-105. [PMID: 22683596 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggesting that statins may contribute to renoprotection has been provided in experimental and clinical studies. Statins restore endothelial nitric oxide (NO) levels by mechanisms including up-regulation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression. Caveolin-1/eNOS interaction is essential preventing inadequate NO levels. Here, we evaluated whether caveolin-1 associated with eNOS/Hsp70 expression may be involved in the mechanism by which rosuvastatin exerts tubulointerstitial fibrosis protection in neonatal unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Neonatal rats subjected to UUO within 2 days of birth and controls were treated daily with vehicle or rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 14 days. After UUO, morphometric evaluation of interstitial fibrosis showed increased interstitial volume (Vv) associated with reduced NO availability, increased mRNA and protein caveolin-1 expression as well as downregulation eNOS and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression. Conversely, rosuvastatin treatment attenuated the fibrotic response linked to high NO availability, decreased mRNA and protein caveolin-1 expression, and marked upregulation of eNOS and Hsp70 expression at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Moreover, protein-protein interactions determined by immunoprecipitation and by immunofluorescence co-localization have shown decreased caveolin-1/eNOS as well as increased Hsp70/eNOS interaction, after rosuvastatin treatment. A dose dependent effect of rosuvastatin on decreased caveolin-1 expression was shown in control cortex. In conclusion, our data suggest that statins contribute to the protection against tubulointerstitial fibrosis injury in neonatal early kidney obstruction by increased NO availability, involving interaction of up-regulated eNOS/Hsp70 and down-regulated caveolin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Mercedes García
- Área de Fisiopatología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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Jin Y, Lee SJ, Minshall RD, Choi AMK. Caveolin-1: a critical regulator of lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 300:L151-60. [PMID: 21097526 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00170.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (cav-1), a 22-kDa transmembrane scaffolding protein, is the principal structural component of caveolae. Cav-1 regulates critical cell functions including proliferation, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and transcytosis via diverse signaling pathways. Abundant in almost every cell type in the lung, including type I epithelial cells, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and neutrophils, cav-1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). ALI and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in intensive care units, despite improvement in ventilation strategies. The pathogenesis of ARDS is still poorly understood, and therapeutic options remain limited. In this article, we summarize recent data regarding the regulation and function of cav-1 in lung biology and pathology, in particular as it relates to ALI. We further discuss the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms by which cav-1 expression contributes to ALI. Investigating the cellular functions of cav-1 may provide new insights for understanding the pathogenesis of ALI and provide novel targets for therapeutic interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept. of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Up-regulation of caveolin-1 and blood-brain barrier breakdown are attenuated by N-acetylcysteine in thiamine deficiency. Neurochem Int 2010; 57:830-7. [PMID: 20816907 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Wernicke's encephalopathy is a cerebral metabolic disorder caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency (TD). Neuropathologic consequences of TD include region-selective neuronal cell loss and blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Caveolin-1 is involved in the regulation of tight junction proteins and BBB permeability, and is modulated by oxidative stress, a feature of vulnerable brain regions in TD. We hypothesized that TD-related oxidative stress alters BBB integrity via induction of the caveolin-1 pathway. TD was induced in C57BL6 mice by treatment with a thiamine-deficient diet and administration of the thiamine antagonist pyrithiamine, in the absence or presence of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). A significant and focal increase in both caveolin-1 gene and protein expression was detected in the thalamus of thiamine-deficient mice, concomitant with IgG extravasation. Reduction of oxidative stress by NAC, as shown by normalization of reduced glutathione levels and attenuation of endothelial heme oxygenase-1 and nitric oxide synthase expression, resulted in prevention of the up-regulation of caveolin-1 in TD. Normalization of caveolin-1 levels by NAC was accompanied by a reduction in BBB breakdown, indicated by decreased IgG extravasation, normalization of occludin levels and prevention of matrix metalloproteinase-9 up-regulation. These findings demonstrate a role for caveolin-1 in TD pathogenesis, and suggest that oxidative stress contributes to BBB alterations in TD via modulation of this pathway.
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Wang H, Qian PY. Involvement of a novel p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in larval metamorphosis of the polychaete Hydroides elegans (Haswell). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2010; 314:390-402. [PMID: 20535771 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.21344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hydroides elegans is a common marine fouling organism in most tropical and subtropical waters. The life cycle of H. elegans includes a planktonic larval stage in which swimming larvae normally take 5 days to attain competency to settle. Larval metamorphosis marks the beginning of its benthic life; however, the endogenous molecular mechanisms that regulate metamorphosis remain largely unknown. In this study, a PCR-based suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) library was constructed to screen the genes expressed in competent larvae but not in precompetent larvae. Among the transcripts isolated from the library, 21 significantly matched sequences in the GenBank. Many of these isolated transcripts have putative roles in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal transduction pathway or in response to ROS stress. A putative novel p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which was also isolated with SSH screen, was then cloned and characterized. The MAPK inhibitors assay showed that both p38 MAPK inhibitors SB202190 and SB203580 effectively inhibited the biofilm-induced metamorphosis of H. elegans. A cell stressors assay showed that H(2)O(2) effectively induced larval metamorphosis of H. elegans, but the inductivity of H(2)O(2) was also inhibited by both SB inhibitors. The catalase assay showed that the catalase could effetely inhibit H. elegans larvae from responding to inductive biofilm. These results showed that the p38 MAPK-dependent pathway plays critical role in controlling larval metamorphosis of the marine polychaete H. elegans, and the reactive oxygen radicals produced by biofilm could be the cue inducing larval metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- KAUST Global Collaborative Research Program, Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR
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Selvaraj S, Sun Y, Singh BB. TRPC channels and their implication in neurological diseases. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2010; 9:94-104. [PMID: 20201820 DOI: 10.2174/187152710790966650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is an essential intracellular messenger and serves critical cellular functions in both excitable and non-excitable cells. Most of the physiological functions in these cells are uniquely regulated by changes in cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+](i)), which are achieved via various mechanisms. One of these mechanism(s) is activated by the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), followed by Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane (PM). Activation of PM Ca2+ channel is essential for not only refilling of the ER Ca2+ stores, but is also critical for maintaining [Ca2+](i) that regulates biological functions, such as neurosecretion, sensation, long term potentiation, synaptic plasticity, gene regulation, as well as cellular growth and differentiation. Alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis have been suggested in the onset/progression of neurological diseases, such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, bipolar disorder, and Huntington's. Available data on transient receptor potential conical (TRPC) protein indicate that these proteins initiate Ca2+ entry pathways and are essential in maintaining cytosolic, ER, and mitochondrial Ca2+ levels. A number of biological functions have been assigned to these TRPC proteins. Silencing of TRPC1 and TRPC3 has been shown to inhibit neuronal proliferation and loss of TRPC1 is implicated in neurodegeneration. Thus, TRPC channels not only contribute towards normal physiological processes, but are also implicated in several human pathological conditions. Overall, it is suggested that these channels could be used as potential therapeutic targets for many of these neurological diseases. Thus, in this review we have focused on the functional implication of TRPC channels in neuronal cells along with the elucidation of their role in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Selvaraj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201, USA
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Dutot M, Liang H, Martin C, Rousseau D, Grynberg A, Warnet JM, Rat P. Per os administered refined olive oil and marine PUFA-rich oils reach the cornea: possible role on oxidative stress through caveolin-1 modulation. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2009; 6:48. [PMID: 19930652 PMCID: PMC2785814 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-6-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Olive oil and fish oils are known to possess beneficial properties for human health. We investigated whether different oils and fatty acids alone were able to decrease oxidative stress induced on corneal cells. Methods In our in vivo study, rats were fed with marine oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or refined olive oil during 28 days. At the end of the protocol, corneas were analysed for their fatty acids composition to study the incorporation of fatty acids in cell membranes. In our in vitro study, a human corneal cell line was incubated with marine oils or refined olive oil and subjected to oxidative stress (tBHP 50 μM, 1 hour). Effects on reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondria and caveolin-1 expression were studied using microcytofluorometry, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Results Our results indicate that dietary oils changed the fatty acids composition of corneal cell membranes. According to our results, PUFA-rich oils and refined olive oil (free of antioxidants) blocked reactive oxygen species production. Oleic acid, the major fatty acid of olive oil, also decreased oxidative stress. Moreover, oleic acid modified caveolin-1 expression. Antioxidant properties of oleic acid could be due to disruption of membrane microdomains such as caveolae. Conclusion Oleic acid, a potential potent modulator of oxidative stress, could be added to PUFA-rich oils to prevent oxidative stress-linked corneal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélody Dutot
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | - Chantal Martin
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Rousseau
- Lipides Membranaires et Fonctions Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-UR1154, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Alain Grynberg
- Lipides Membranaires et Fonctions Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-UR1154, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jean-Michel Warnet
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Rat
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Murray F, Insel PA, Yuan JXJ. Role of O2-sensitive K+ and Ca2+ channels in the regulation of the pulmonary circulation: Potential role of caveolae and implications for high altitude pulmonary edema. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2006; 151:192-208. [PMID: 16364695 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2005.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Revised: 09/30/2005] [Accepted: 10/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a potentially fatal complication in response to exposure to low O(2) at high altitudes. Hypoxia, by causing pulmonary vasoconstriction, increases pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, both of which are features in the pathogenesis of HAPE. Uneven hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is thought to be responsible for increased capillary pressure and leakage, resulting in edema. O(2)-sensitive ion channels are known to play pivotal roles in determining vascular tone in response to hypoxia. K(+), Ca(2+) and Na(+) channels are ubiquitously expressed in both endothelial and smooth muscle cells of the pulmonary microvasculature, subfamilies of which are regulated by local changes in P(O(2)). Hypoxia reduces activity of voltage-gated K(+) channels and down-regulates their expression leading to membrane depolarization, Ca(2+) influx in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (by activating voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels) and vasoconstriction. Hypoxia up-regulates transient receptor potential channels (TRPC) leading to enhanced Ca(2+) entry through receptor- and store-operated Ca(2+) channels. Altered enrichment of ion channels in membrane microdomains, in particular in caveolae, may play a role in excitation-contraction coupling and perhaps in O(2)-sensing in the pulmonary circulation and thereby may contribute to the development of HAPE. We review the role of ion channels, in particular those outlined above, in response to low O(2) on vascular tone and pulmonary edema. Advances in the understanding of ion channels involved in the physiological response to hypoxia should lead to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of HAPE and perhaps in the identification of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Murray
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0725, USA
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