1
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de Campos-Mata L, Trinité B, Modrego A, Tejedor Vaquero S, Pradenas E, Pons-Grífols A, Rodrigo Melero N, Carlero D, Marfil S, Santiago C, Raïch-Regué D, Bueno-Carrasco MT, Tarrés-Freixas F, Abancó F, Urrea V, Izquierdo-Useros N, Riveira-Muñoz E, Ballana E, Pérez M, Vergara-Alert J, Segalés J, Carolis C, Arranz R, Blanco J, Magri G. A monoclonal antibody targeting a large surface of the receptor binding motif shows pan-neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 activity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1051. [PMID: 38316751 PMCID: PMC10844294 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Here we report the characterization of 17T2, a SARS-CoV-2 pan-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody isolated from a COVID-19 convalescent individual infected during the first pandemic wave. 17T2 is a class 1 VH1-58/κ3-20 antibody, derived from a receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgA+ memory B cell, with a broad neutralizing activity against former and new SARS-CoV-2 variants, including XBB.1.16 and BA.2.86 Omicron subvariants. Consistently, 17T2 demonstrates in vivo prophylactic and therapeutic activity against Omicron BA.1.1 infection in K18-hACE2 mice. Cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction shows that 17T2 binds the BA.1 spike with the RBD in "up" position and blocks the receptor binding motif, as other structurally similar antibodies do, including S2E12. Yet, unlike S2E12, 17T2 retains its neutralizing activity against all variants tested, probably due to a larger RBD contact area. These results highlight the impact of small structural antibody changes on neutralizing performance and identify 17T2 as a potential candidate for future clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire de Campos-Mata
- Translational Clinical Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Immunology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Trinité
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Andrea Modrego
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Tejedor Vaquero
- Translational Clinical Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edwards Pradenas
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Anna Pons-Grífols
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodrigo Melero
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Carlero
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Marfil
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - César Santiago
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dàlia Raïch-Regué
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Ferran Tarrés-Freixas
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- IRTA. Programa de Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ferran Abancó
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Victor Urrea
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Nuria Izquierdo-Useros
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Riveira-Muñoz
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ester Ballana
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
- CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez
- Unitat Mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
- IRTA. Programa de Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Júlia Vergara-Alert
- Unitat Mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
- IRTA. Programa de Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joaquim Segalés
- Unitat Mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carlo Carolis
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rocío Arranz
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Julià Blanco
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain.
- CIBERINFEC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain.
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Giuliana Magri
- Translational Clinical Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
- Immunology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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2
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Boschert T, Kromer K, Lerner T, Lindner K, Haltenhof G, Tan CL, Jähne K, Poschke I, Bunse L, Eisele P, Grassl N, Mildenberger I, Sahm K, Platten M, Lindner JM, Green EW. H3K27M neoepitope vaccination in diffuse midline glioma induces B and T cell responses across diverse HLA loci of a recovered patient. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadi9091. [PMID: 38306431 PMCID: PMC10836722 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi9091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
H3K27M, a driver mutation with T and B cell neoepitope characteristics, defines an aggressive subtype of diffuse glioma with poor survival. We functionally dissect the immune response of one patient treated with an H3K27M peptide vaccine who subsequently entered complete remission. The vaccine robustly expanded class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted peripheral H3K27M-specific T cells. Using functional assays, we characterized 34 clonally unique H3K27M-reactive T cell receptors and identified critical, conserved motifs in their complementarity-determining region 3 regions. Using detailed HLA mapping, we further demonstrate that diverse HLA-DQ and HLA-DR alleles present immunogenic H3K27M epitopes. Furthermore, we identified and profiled H3K27M-reactive B cell receptors from activated B cells in the cerebrospinal fluid. Our results uncover the breadth of the adaptive immune response against a shared clonal neoantigen across multiple HLA allelotypes and support the use of class II-restricted peptide vaccines to stimulate tumor-specific T and B cells harboring receptors with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Boschert
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON Mainz) - A Helmholtz Institute of the DKFZ, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristina Kromer
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- BioMed X GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Lindner
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Immune Monitoring Unit, DKFZ and National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gordon Haltenhof
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chin Leng Tan
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristine Jähne
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabel Poschke
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Immune Monitoring Unit, DKFZ and National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Bunse
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Eisele
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Niklas Grassl
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Iris Mildenberger
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Katharina Sahm
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational Oncology (HI-TRON Mainz) - A Helmholtz Institute of the DKFZ, Mainz, Germany
- Immune Monitoring Unit, DKFZ and National Center for Tumour Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim Germany
| | | | - Edward W Green
- CCU Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumor Immunology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, MCTN Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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3
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Planchais C, Molinos-Albert LM, Rosenbaum P, Hieu T, Kanyavuz A, Clermont D, Prazuck T, Lefrou L, Dimitrov JD, Hüe S, Hocqueloux L, Mouquet H. HIV-1 treatment timing shapes the human intestinal memory B-cell repertoire to commensal bacteria. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6326. [PMID: 37816704 PMCID: PMC10564866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection causes severe alterations of gut mucosa, microbiota and immune system, which can be curbed by early antiretroviral therapy. Here, we investigate how treatment timing affects intestinal memory B-cell and plasmablast repertoires of HIV-1-infected humans. We show that only class-switched memory B cells markedly differ between subjects treated during the acute and chronic phases of infection. Intestinal memory B-cell monoclonal antibodies show more prevalent polyreactive and commensal bacteria-reactive clones in late- compared to early-treated individuals. Mirroring this, serum IgA polyreactivity and commensal-reactivity are strongly increased in late-treated individuals and correlate with intestinal permeability and systemic inflammatory markers. Polyreactive blood IgA memory B cells, many of which egressed from the gut, are also substantially enriched in late-treated individuals. Our data establish gut and systemic B-cell polyreactivity to commensal bacteria as hallmarks of chronic HIV-1 infection and suggest that initiating treatment early may limit intestinal B-cell abnormalities compromising HIV-1 humoral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Planchais
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Luis M Molinos-Albert
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, F-75015, Paris, France
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierre Rosenbaum
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Hieu
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Alexia Kanyavuz
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Clermont
- Collection of the Institut Pasteur, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Prazuck
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHR d'Orléans-La Source, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Laurent Lefrou
- Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, CHR d'Orléans-La Source, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Jordan D Dimitrov
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Hüe
- INSERM U955-Équipe 16, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, 94000, Créteil, France
| | - Laurent Hocqueloux
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHR d'Orléans-La Source, 45067, Orléans, France
| | - Hugo Mouquet
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, F-75015, Paris, France.
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4
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Oludada OE, Costa G, Burn Aschner C, Obraztsova AS, Prieto K, Canetta C, Hoffman SL, Kremsner PG, Mordmüller B, Murugan R, Julien JP, Levashina EA, Wardemann H. Molecular and functional properties of human Plasmodium falciparum CSP C-terminus antibodies. EMBO Mol Med 2023:e17454. [PMID: 37082831 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202317454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the central repeat and junction domain of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) have been studied extensively to guide malaria vaccine design compared to antibodies against the PfCSP C terminus. Here, we describe the molecular characteristics and protective potential of 73 germline and mutated human mAbs against the highly immunogenic PfCSP C-terminal domain. Two mAbs recognized linear epitopes in the C-terminal linker with sequence similarity to repeat and junction motifs, whereas all others targeted conformational epitopes in the α-thrombospondin repeat (α-TSR) domain. Specificity for the polymorphic Th2R/Th3R but not the conserved RII+/CS.T3 region in the α-TSR was associated with IGHV3-21/IGVL3-21 or IGLV3-1 gene usage. Although the C terminus specific mAbs showed signs of more efficient affinity maturation and class-switching compared to anti-repeat mAbs, live sporozoite binding and inhibitory activity was limited to a single C-linker reactive mAb with cross-reactivity to the central repeat and junction. The data provide novel insights in the human anti-C-linker and anti-α-TSR antibody response that support exclusion of the PfCSP C terminus from malaria vaccine designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi Ernest Oludada
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Biosciences Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giulia Costa
- Vector Biology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Anna S Obraztsova
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Biosciences Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katherine Prieto
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Caterina Canetta
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Peter G Kremsner
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre de Recherches de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Benjamin Mordmüller
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Tübingen, Germany
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rajagopal Murugan
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Julien
- The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elena A Levashina
- Vector Biology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hedda Wardemann
- B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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5
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Andreano E, Paciello I, Pierleoni G, Piccini G, Abbiento V, Antonelli G, Pileri P, Manganaro N, Pantano E, Maccari G, Marchese S, Donnici L, Benincasa L, Giglioli G, Leonardi M, De Santi C, Fabbiani M, Rancan I, Tumbarello M, Montagnani F, Sala C, Medini D, De Francesco R, Montomoli E, Rappuoli R. B cell analyses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA third vaccination reveals a hybrid immunity like antibody response. Nat Commun 2023; 14:53. [PMID: 36599850 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35781-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2 generated highly mutated variants able to escape natural and vaccine-induced primary immunity. The administration of a third mRNA vaccine dose induces a secondary response with increased protection. Here we investigate the longitudinal evolution of the neutralizing antibody response in four donors after three mRNA doses at single-cell level. We sorted 4100 spike protein specific memory B cells identifying 350 neutralizing antibodies. The third dose increases the antibody neutralization potency and breadth against all SARS-CoV-2 variants as observed with hybrid immunity. However, the B cell repertoire generating this response is different. The increases of neutralizing antibody responses is largely due to the expansion of B cell germlines poorly represented after two doses, and the reduction of germlines predominant after primary immunization. Our data show that different immunization regimens induce specific molecular signatures which should be considered while designing new vaccines and immunization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Andreano
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Ida Paciello
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Valentina Abbiento
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giada Antonelli
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Piero Pileri
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Noemi Manganaro
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Pantano
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maccari
- Data Science for Health (DaScH) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorena Donnici
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Concetta De Santi
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Fabbiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rancan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy
| | - Mario Tumbarello
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Montagnani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Claudia Sala
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Duccio Medini
- Data Science for Health (DaScH) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Francesco
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy.,VisMederi S.r.l, Siena, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Rino Rappuoli
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy. .,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
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6
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Mahendra A, Haque A, Prabakaran P, Mackness BC, Fuller TP, Liu X, Kathuria SV, Wang YH, Amatya N, Yu X, Hopke J, Hoffmann D, Bric-Furlong E, Zhang N, Cho HS, Zhang R, Sancho J, Saleh J, Rao SP, Wendt M, Chowdhury PS. Honing-in antigen-specific cells during antibody discovery: a user-friendly process to mine a deeper repertoire. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1157. [DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractImmunization based antibody discovery is plagued by the paucity of antigen-specific B cells. Identifying these cells is akin to finding needle in a haystack. Current and emerging technologies while effective, are limited in terms of capturing the antigen-specific repertoire. We report on the bulk purification of antigen-specific B-cells and the benefits it offers to various antibody discovery platforms. Using five different antigens, we show hit rates of 51–88%, compared to about 5% with conventional methods. We also show that this purification is highly efficient with loss of only about 2% antigen specific cells. Furthermore, we compared clones in which cognate chains are preserved with those from display libraries in which chains either from total B cells (TBC) or antigen-specific B cells (AgSC) underwent combinatorial pairing. We found that cognate chain paired clones and combinatorial clones from AgSC library had higher frequency of functional clones and showed greater diversity in sequence and paratope compared to clones from the TBC library. This antigen-specific B-cell selection technique exemplifies a process improvement with reduced cycle time and cost, by removing undesired clones prior to screening and increasing the chance of capturing desirable and rare functional clones in the repertoire.
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7
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Andreano E, Paciello I, Marchese S, Donnici L, Pierleoni G, Piccini G, Manganaro N, Pantano E, Abbiento V, Pileri P, Benincasa L, Giglioli G, Leonardi M, Maes P, De Santi C, Sala C, Montomoli E, De Francesco R, Rappuoli R. Anatomy of Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 neutralizing antibodies in COVID-19 mRNA vaccinees. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3375. [PMID: 35697673 PMCID: PMC9189263 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31115-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, administered to billions of people worldwide, mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, however little is known about the molecular basis of antibody cross-protection to emerging variants, such as Omicron BA.1, its sublineage BA.2, and other coronaviruses. To answer this question, 276 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nAbs), previously isolated from seronegative and seropositive donors vaccinated with BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, were tested for neutralization against the Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 variants, and SARS-CoV-1 virus. Only 14.2, 19.9 and 4.0% of tested antibodies neutralize BA.1, BA.2, and SARS-CoV-1 respectively. These nAbs recognize mainly the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) and target Class 3 and Class 4 epitope regions on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Interestingly, around 50% of BA.2 nAbs did not neutralize BA.1 and among these, several targeted the NTD. Cross-protective antibodies derive from a variety of germlines, the most frequents of which were the IGHV1-58;IGHJ3-1, IGHV2-5;IGHJ4-1 and IGHV1-69;IGHV4-1. Only 15.6, 20.3 and 7.8% of predominant gene-derived nAbs elicited against the original Wuhan virus cross-neutralize Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and SARS-CoV-1 respectively. Our data provide evidence, at molecular level, of the presence of cross-neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination and map conserved epitopes on the S protein that can inform vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Andreano
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Ida Paciello
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorena Donnici
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Pierleoni
- VisMederi S.r.l, Siena, Italy
- VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
| | | | - Noemi Manganaro
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Pantano
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Valentina Abbiento
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Piero Pileri
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Piet Maes
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Concetta De Santi
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Claudia Sala
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- VisMederi S.r.l, Siena, Italy
- VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Francesco
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences DiSFeB, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- INGM, Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - Rino Rappuoli
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
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8
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Slabodkin A, Chernigovskaya M, Mikocziova I, Akbar R, Scheffer L, Pavlović M, Bashour H, Snapkov I, Mehta BB, Weber CR, Gutierrez-Marcos J, Sollid LM, Haff IH, Sandve GK, Robert PA, Greiff V. Individualized VDJ recombination predisposes the available Ig sequence space. Genome Res 2021; 31:2209-2224. [PMID: 34815307 PMCID: PMC8647828 DOI: 10.1101/gr.275373.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The process of recombination between variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) immunoglobulin (Ig) gene segments determines an individual's naive Ig repertoire and, consequently, (auto)antigen recognition. VDJ recombination follows probabilistic rules that can be modeled statistically. So far, it remains unknown whether VDJ recombination rules differ between individuals. If these rules differed, identical (auto)antigen-specific Ig sequences would be generated with individual-specific probabilities, signifying that the available Ig sequence space is individual specific. We devised a sensitivity-tested distance measure that enables inter-individual comparison of VDJ recombination models. We discovered, accounting for several sources of noise as well as allelic variation in Ig sequencing data, that not only unrelated individuals but also human monozygotic twins and even inbred mice possess statistically distinguishable immunoglobulin recombination models. This suggests that, in addition to genetic, there is also nongenetic modulation of VDJ recombination. We demonstrate that population-wide individualized VDJ recombination can result in orders of magnitude of difference in the probability to generate (auto)antigen-specific Ig sequences. Our findings have implications for immune receptor-based individualized medicine approaches relevant to vaccination, infection, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Slabodkin
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria Chernigovskaya
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivana Mikocziova
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Rahmad Akbar
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Lonneke Scheffer
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Milena Pavlović
- Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, 0373 Oslo, Norway
| | - Habib Bashour
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Snapkov
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Brij Bhushan Mehta
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cédric R Weber
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Ludvig M Sollid
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Philippe A Robert
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Victor Greiff
- Department of Immunology and Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
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9
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Hybrid immunity improves B cells and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nature 2021; 600:530-535. [PMID: 34670266 PMCID: PMC8674140 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants is jeopardizing the effectiveness of current vaccines and limiting the application of monoclonal antibody-based therapy for COVID-19 (refs. 1,2). Here we analysed the memory B cells of five naive and five convalescent people vaccinated with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine to investigate the nature of the B cell and antibody response at the single-cell level. Almost 6,000 cells were sorted, over 3,000 cells produced monoclonal antibodies against the spike protein and more than 400 cells neutralized the original SARS-CoV-2 virus first identified in Wuhan, China. The B.1.351 (Beta) and B.1.1.248 (Gamma) variants escaped almost 70% of these antibodies, while a much smaller portion was impacted by the B.1.1.7 (Alpha) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) variants. The overall loss of neutralization was always significantly higher in the antibodies from naive people. In part, this was due to the IGHV2-5;IGHJ4-1 germline, which was found only in people who were convalescent and generated potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies. Our data suggest that people who are seropositive following infection or primary vaccination will produce antibodies with increased potency and breadth and will be able to better control emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Single-cell-level analysis of memory B cells and their response to vaccination against all SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in individuals who either had or had not been previously exposed to the virus.
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10
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Andreano E, Nicastri E, Paciello I, Pileri P, Manganaro N, Piccini G, Manenti A, Pantano E, Kabanova A, Troisi M, Vacca F, Cardamone D, De Santi C, Torres JL, Ozorowski G, Benincasa L, Jang H, Di Genova C, Depau L, Brunetti J, Agrati C, Capobianchi MR, Castilletti C, Emiliozzi A, Fabbiani M, Montagnani F, Bracci L, Sautto G, Ross TM, Montomoli E, Temperton N, Ward AB, Sala C, Ippolito G, Rappuoli R. Extremely potent human monoclonal antibodies from COVID-19 convalescent patients. Cell 2021; 184:1821-1835.e16. [PMID: 33667349 PMCID: PMC7901298 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human monoclonal antibodies are safe, preventive, and therapeutic tools that can be rapidly developed to help restore the massive health and economic disruption caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. By single-cell sorting 4,277 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific memory B cells from 14 COVID-19 survivors, 453 neutralizing antibodies were identified. The most potent neutralizing antibodies recognized the spike protein receptor-binding domain, followed in potency by antibodies that recognize the S1 domain, the spike protein trimer, and the S2 subunit. Only 1.4% of them neutralized the authentic virus with a potency of 1–10 ng/mL. The most potent monoclonal antibody, engineered to reduce the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement and prolong half-life, neutralized the authentic wild-type virus and emerging variants containing D614G, E484K, and N501Y substitutions. Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in the hamster model was observed at 0.25 and 4 mg/kg respectively in absence of Fc functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Andreano
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Nicastri
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Paciello
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Piero Pileri
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Noemi Manganaro
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Elisa Pantano
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Anna Kabanova
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; Tumour Immunology Unit, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Troisi
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabiola Vacca
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Dario Cardamone
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Concetta De Santi
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Jonathan L Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Hyesun Jang
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Cecilia Di Genova
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, UK
| | - Lorenzo Depau
- MedBiotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Jlenia Brunetti
- MedBiotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Chiara Agrati
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Concetta Castilletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Emiliozzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Fabbiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Montagnani
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luisa Bracci
- MedBiotech Hub and Competence Center, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sautto
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ted M Ross
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Emanuele Montomoli
- VisMederi S.r.l, Siena, Italy; VisMederi Research S.r.l., Siena, Italy; Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nigel Temperton
- Viral Pseudotype Unit, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham, UK
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Claudia Sala
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rino Rappuoli
- Monoclonal Antibody Discovery (MAD) Lab, Fondazione Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy; Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
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11
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Rodda LB, Netland J, Shehata L, Pruner KB, Morawski PA, Thouvenel CD, Takehara KK, Eggenberger J, Hemann EA, Waterman HR, Fahning ML, Chen Y, Hale M, Rathe J, Stokes C, Wrenn S, Fiala B, Carter L, Hamerman JA, King NP, Gale M, Campbell DJ, Rawlings DJ, Pepper M. Functional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immune Memory Persists after Mild COVID-19. Cell 2021; 184:169-183.e17. [PMID: 33296701 PMCID: PMC7682481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 161.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is causing a global pandemic, and cases continue to rise. Most infected individuals experience mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is unknown whether this can induce persistent immune memory that could contribute to immunity. We performed a longitudinal assessment of individuals recovered from mild COVID-19 to determine whether they develop and sustain multifaceted SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological memory. Recovered individuals developed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies, neutralizing plasma, and memory B and memory T cells that persisted for at least 3 months. Our data further reveal that SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG memory B cells increased over time. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes exhibited characteristics associated with potent antiviral function: memory T cells secreted cytokines and expanded upon antigen re-encounter, whereas memory B cells expressed receptors capable of neutralizing virus when expressed as monoclonal antibodies. Therefore, mild COVID-19 elicits memory lymphocytes that persist and display functional hallmarks of antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren B Rodda
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jason Netland
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Laila Shehata
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Kurt B Pruner
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Peter A Morawski
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Christopher D Thouvenel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kennidy K Takehara
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Julie Eggenberger
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Emily A Hemann
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Hayley R Waterman
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Mitchell L Fahning
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Malika Hale
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jennifer Rathe
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Caleb Stokes
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Samuel Wrenn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Brooke Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jessica A Hamerman
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195 and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Daniel J Campbell
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - David J Rawlings
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Marion Pepper
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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12
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Wong J, Tai CM, Hurt AC, Tan HX, Kent SJ, Wheatley AK. Sequencing B cell receptors from ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233794. [PMID: 32470013 PMCID: PMC7259655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) provides a critical animal model to study human respiratory diseases. However immunological insights are restricted due to a lack of ferret-specific reagents and limited genetic information about ferret B and T cell receptors. Here, variable, diversity and joining genes within the ferret kappa, lambda and heavy chain immunoglobulin loci were annotated using available genomic information. A multiplex PCR approach was derived that facilitated the recovery of paired heavy and light chain immunoglobulin sequences from single sorted ferret B cells, allowing validation of predicted germline gene sequences and the identification of putative novel germlines. Eukaryotic expression vectors were developed that enabled the generation of recombinant ferret monoclonal antibodies. This work advances the ferret as an informative immunological model for viral diseases by allowing the in-depth interrogation of antibody-based immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Celeste M. Tai
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aeron C. Hurt
- World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hyon-Xhi Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (AKW); (SJK)
| | - Adam K. Wheatley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre for Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail: (AKW); (SJK)
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