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Mutations of γCOP Gene Disturb Drosophila melanogaster Innate Immune Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126499. [PMID: 35742941 PMCID: PMC9223523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster (the fruit fly) is a valuable experimental platform for modeling host–pathogen interactions. It is also commonly used to define innate immunity pathways and to understand the mechanisms of both host tolerance to commensal microbiota and response to pathogenic agents. Herein, we investigate how the host response to bacterial infection is mirrored in the expression of genes of Imd and Toll pathways when D. melanogaster strains with different γCOP genetic backgrounds are infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Using microarray technology, we have interrogated the whole-body transcriptome of infected versus uninfected fruit fly males with three specific genotypes, namely wild-type Oregon, γCOPS057302/TM6B and γCOP14a/γCOP14a. While the expression of genes pertaining to Imd and Toll is not significantly modulated by P. aeruginosa infection in Oregon males, many of the components of these cascades are up- or downregulated in both infected and uninfected γCOPS057302/TM6B and γCOP14a/γCOP14a males. Thus, our results suggest that a γCOP genetic background modulates the gene expression profiles of Imd and Toll cascades involved in the innate immune response of D. melanogaster, inducing the occurrence of immunological dysfunctions in γCOP mutants.
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Wiśniewski A, Sobczyński M, Pawełczyk K, Porębska I, Jasek M, Wagner M, Niepiekło-Miniewska W, Kowal A, Dubis J, Jędruchniewicz N, Kuśnierczyk P. Polymorphisms of Antigen-Presenting Machinery Genes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Different Impact on Disease Risk and Clinical Parameters in Smokers and Never-Smokers. Front Immunol 2021; 12:664474. [PMID: 34149699 PMCID: PMC8212834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is strongly associated with cigarette smoking; nevertheless some never-smokers develop cancer. Immune eradication of cancer cells is dependent on polymorphisms of HLA class I molecules and antigen-processing machinery (APM) components. We have already published highly significant associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ERAP1 gene with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Chinese, but not in Polish populations. However, the smoking status of participants was not known in the previous study. Here, we compared the distribution of APM polymorphic variants in larger cohorts of Polish patients with NSCLC and controls, stratified according to their smoking status. We found significant but opposite associations in never-smokers and in smokers of all tested SNPs (rs26653, rs2287987, rs30187, and rs27044) but one (rs26618) in ERAP1. No significant associations were seen in other genes. Haplotype analysis indicated that the distribution of many ERAP1/2 haplotypes is opposite, depending on smoking status. Additionally, haplotypic combination of low activity ERAP1 and the lack of an active form of ERAP2 seems to favor the disease in never-smokers. We also revealed interesting associations of some APM polymorphisms with: age at diagnosis (ERAP1 rs26653), disease stage (ERAP1 rs27044, PSMB9 rs17587), overall survival (ERAP1 rs30187), and response to chemotherapy (ERAP1 rs27044). The results presented here may suggest the important role for ERAP1 in the anti-cancer response, which is different in smokers versus never-smokers, depending to some extent on the presence of ERAP2, and affecting NSCLC clinical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Wiśniewski
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Sobczyński
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Konrad Pawełczyk
- Department and Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Irena Porębska
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Jasek
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Wagner
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wanda Niepiekło-Miniewska
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aneta Kowal
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Dubis
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natalia Jędruchniewicz
- Research and Development Centre, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Saulle I, Vanetti C, Goglia S, Vicentini C, Tombetti E, Garziano M, Clerici M, Biasin M. A New ERAP2/Iso3 Isoform Expression Is Triggered by Different Microbial Stimuli in Human Cells. Could It Play a Role in the Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Infection? Cells 2020; 9:E1951. [PMID: 32847031 PMCID: PMC7563522 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following influenza infection, rs2248374-G ERAP2 expressing cells may transcribe an alternative spliced isoform: ERAP2/Iso3. This variant, unlike ERAP2-wt, is unable to trim peptides to be loaded on MHC class I molecules, but it can still dimerize with both ERAP2-wt and ERAP1-wt, thus contributing to profiling an alternative cellular immune-peptidome. In order to verify if the expression of ERAP2/Iso3 may be induced by other pathogens, PBMCs and MDMs isolated from 20 healthy subjects were stimulated with flu, LPS, CMV, HIV-AT-2, SARS-CoV-2 antigens to analyze its mRNA and protein expression. In parallel, Calu3 cell lines and PBMCs were in vitro infected with growing doses of SARS-CoV-2 (0.5, 5, 1000 MOI) and HIV-1BAL (0.1, 1, and 10 ng p24 HIV-1Bal/1 × 106 PBMCs) viruses, respectively. Results showed that: (1) ERAP2/Iso3 mRNA expression can be prompted by many pathogens and it is coupled with the modulation of several determinants (cytokines, interferon-stimulated genes, activation/inhibition markers, antigen-presentation elements) orchestrating the anti-microbial immune response (Quantigene); (2) ERAP2/Iso3 mRNA is translated into a protein (western blot); (3) ERAP2/Iso3 mRNA expression is sensitive to SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 concentration. Considering the key role played by ERAPs in antigen processing and presentation, it is conceivable that these enzymes may be potential targets and modulators of the pathogenicity of infectious diseases and further analyses are needed to define the role played by the different isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Saulle
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Claudia Vanetti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Goglia
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Chiara Vicentini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Enrico Tombetti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Micaela Garziano
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Don C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy; (I.S.); (C.V.); (S.G.); (C.V.); (E.T.); (M.G.)
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