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Zheng SY, Wan XX, Kambey PA, Luo Y, Hu XM, Liu YF, Shan JQ, Chen YW, Xiong K. Therapeutic role of growth factors in treating diabetic wound. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:364-395. [PMID: 37122434 PMCID: PMC10130901 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i4.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds in diabetic patients, especially diabetic foot ulcers, are more difficult to heal compared with normal wounds and can easily deteriorate, leading to amputation. Common treatments cannot heal diabetic wounds or control their many complications. Growth factors are found to play important roles in regulating complex diabetic wound healing. Different growth factors such as transforming growth factor beta 1, insulin-like growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor play different roles in diabetic wound healing. This implies that a therapeutic modality modulating different growth factors to suit wound healing can significantly improve the treatment of diabetic wounds. Further, some current treatments have been shown to promote the healing of diabetic wounds by modulating specific growth factors. The purpose of this study was to discuss the role played by each growth factor in therapeutic approaches so as to stimulate further therapeutic thinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin-Xing Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Piniel Alphayo Kambey
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xi-Min Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jia-Qi Shan
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, China
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2
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Bulutoglu B, Acun A, Deng SL, Mert S, Lupon E, Lellouch AG, Cetrulo CL, Uygun BE, Yarmush ML. Combinatorial Use of Therapeutic ELP-Based Micelle Particles in Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102795. [PMID: 35373501 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Elastin-like peptides (ELPs) are a versatile platform for tissue engineering and drug delivery. Here, micelle forming ELP chains are genetically fused to three therapeutic molecules, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), stromal cell-derived growth factor 1 (SDF1), and cathelicidin (LL37), to be used in wound healing. Chronic wounds represent a growing problem worldwide. A combinatorial therapy approach targeting different aspects of wound healing would be beneficial, providing a controlled and sustained release of active molecules, while simultaneously protecting these therapeutics from the surrounding harsh wound environment. The results of this study demonstrate that the conjugation of the growth factors KGF and SDF1 and the antimicrobial peptide LL37 to ELPs does not affect the micelle structure and that all three therapeutic moieties retain their bioactivity in vitro. Importantly, when the combination of these micelle ELP nanoparticles are applied to wounds in diabetic mice, over 90 % wound closure is observed, which is significantly higher than when the therapeutics are applied in their naked forms. The application of the nanoparticles designed here is the first report of targeting different aspect of wound healing synergistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Bulutoglu
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Aylin Acun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Widener University Chester PA 19013 USA
| | - Sarah L. Deng
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Safak Mert
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Elise Lupon
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory Center for Transplantation Sciences Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Alexandre G. Lellouch
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory Center for Transplantation Sciences Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery European George Pompidou Hospital University of Paris Paris France
| | - Curtis L. Cetrulo
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
- Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory Center for Transplantation Sciences Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery European George Pompidou Hospital University of Paris Paris France
| | - Basak E. Uygun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
| | - Martin L. Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02114 USA
- Shriners Hospitals for Children‐Boston Boston MA 02114 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Rutgers University Piscataway NJ 08854 USA
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3
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Barakat M, DiPietro LA, Chen L. Limited Treatment Options for Diabetic Wounds: Barriers to Clinical Translation Despite Therapeutic Success in Murine Models. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:436-460. [PMID: 33050829 PMCID: PMC8236303 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Millions of people worldwide suffer from diabetes mellitus and its complications, including chronic diabetic wounds. To date, there are few widely successful clinical therapies specific to diabetic wounds beyond general wound care, despite the vast number of scientific discoveries in the pathogenesis of defective healing in diabetes. Recent Advances: In recent years, murine animal models of diabetes have enabled the investigation of many possible therapeutics for diabetic wound care. These include specific cell types, growth factors, cytokines, peptides, small molecules, plant extracts, microRNAs, extracellular vesicles, novel wound dressings, mechanical interventions, bioengineered materials, and more. Critical Issues: Despite many research discoveries, few have been translated from their success in murine models to clinical use in humans. This massive gap between bench discovery and bedside application begs the simple and critical question: what is still missing? The complexity and multiplicity of the diabetic wound makes it an immensely challenging therapeutic target, and this lopsided progress highlights the need for new methods to overcome the bench-to-bedside barrier. How can laboratory discoveries in animal models be effectively translated to novel clinical therapies for human patients? Future Directions: As research continues to decipher deficient healing in diabetes, new approaches and considerations are required to ensure that these discoveries can become translational, clinically usable therapies. Clinical progress requires the development of new, more accurate models of the human disease state, multifaceted investigations that address multiple critical components in wound repair, and more innovative research strategies that harness both the existing knowledge and the potential of new advances across disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Barakat
- Center for Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Luisa A. DiPietro
- Center for Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Center for Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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4
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Bártolo IP, Reis RL, Marques AP, Cerqueira M. Keratinocyte Growth Factor-based Strategies for Wound Re-epithelialization. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 28:665-676. [PMID: 34238035 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Wound re-epithelialization is a dynamic process that comprises the formation of new epithelium through an active signaling network between several growth factors and various cell types. The main players are keratinocytes that migrate from the wound edges onto the wound bed, to restore the epidermal barrier. One of the most important molecules involved in the re-epithelialization process is Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF), since it is central on promoting both migration and proliferation of keratinocytes. Stromal cells, like dermal fibroblasts, are the main producers of this factor, acting on keratinocytes through paracrine signaling. Multiple therapeutic strategies to delivery KGF have been proposed in order to boost wound healing by targeting re-epithelialization. This has been achieved through a range of different approaches, such as topical application, using controlled release-based methods with different biomaterials (hydrogels, nanoparticles and membranes) and also through gene therapy techniques. Among these strategies, KGF delivery via biomaterials and genetic-based strategies show great effectiveness in sustained KGF levels at the wound site, leading to efficient wound closure. Under this scope, this review aims at highlighting the importance of KGF as one of the key molecules on wound re-epithelialization, as well as to provide a critical overview of the different potential therapeutic strategies exploited so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês P Bártolo
- 3B's Research Group, 226382, Barco, Portugal.,Laboratorio Associado ICVS 3B's, 511313, Guimaraes, Portugal;
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, 226382, Guimaraes, Portugal.,Laboratorio Associado ICVS 3B's, 511313, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal;
| | - Alexandra P Marques
- 3B's Research Group, 226382, Guimaraes, Portugal.,Laboratorio Associado ICVS 3B's, 511313, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal;
| | - Mariana Cerqueira
- 3B's Research Group, 226382, Guimaraes, Portugal.,Laboratorio Associado ICVS 3B's, 511313, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal;
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5
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Bradbury N, Gonzales Bravo C, Schnabl B, Di Nardo A. Skin wound closure delay in metabolic syndrome correlates with SCF deficiency in keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21732. [PMID: 33303806 PMCID: PMC7728784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78244-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor wound closure due to diabetes, aging, stress, obesity, alcoholism, and chronic disease affects millions of people worldwide. Reasons wounds will not close are still unclear, and current therapies are limited. Although stem cell factor (SCF), a cytokine, is known to be important for wound repair, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SCF in wound closure remain poorly understood. Here, we found that SCF expression in the epidermis is decreased in mouse models of delayed wound closure intended to mimic old age, obesity, and alcoholism. By using SCF conditionally knocked out mice, we demonstrated that keratinocytes' autocrine production of SCF activates a transient c-kit receptor in keratinocytes. Transient activation of the c-kit receptor induces the expression of growth factors and chemokines to promote wound re-epithelialization by increasing migration of skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts) and immune cells (neutrophils) to the wound bed 24-48 h post-wounding. Our results demonstrate that keratinocyte-produced SCF is essential to wound closure due to the increased recruitment of a unique combination of skin cells and immune cells in the early phase after wounding. This discovery is imperative for developing clinical strategies that might improve the body's natural repair mechanisms for treating patients with wound-closure pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenping Wang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yanhan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nicholas Bradbury
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Carolina Gonzales Bravo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Anna Di Nardo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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6
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Phage-Displayed Peptide of Keratinocyte Growth Factor and Its Biological Effects on Epidermal Cells. Int J Pept Res Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-019-09873-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Sen-Britain S, Britain DM, Hicks WL, Gardella JA. ToF-SIMS and TIRF microscopy investigation on the effects of HEMA copolymer surface chemistry on spatial localization, surface intensity, and release of fluorescently labeled keratinocyte growth factor. Biointerphases 2019; 14:051003. [PMID: 31547664 PMCID: PMC6905652 DOI: 10.1116/1.5119871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for direct biomaterial-based delivery of growth factors to wound surfaces to aid in wound healing emphasizes the importance of interfacial interactions between the biomaterial and the wound surface. These interactions include the spatial localization of growth factor, the surface intensity of growth factor in contact with the wound, and the release profile of growth factor to the wound surface. The authors report the use of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry to determine the relationship between biomaterial surface chemistry and the spatial localization of growth factor. They have implemented a novel application of total internal reflectance fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy to measure the surface intensity and release of growth factor in contact with a glass substrate that has been used to model a wound surface. Detailed information regarding TIRF experiments has been included to aid in future studies regarding the biomaterial delivery to interfaces. The authors have evaluated the effects of (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate (HEMA) homopolymer, 5.89% methyl methacrylate/HEMA, and 5.89% methacrylic acid/HEMA surface chemistry on the spatial localization of AlexaFluor 488-labeled keratinocyte growth factor (AF488-KGF), AF488-KGF surface intensity at the copolymer surface, and release to a glass substrate. KGF is known to promote re-epithelialization in wound healing. The results show that the two copolymers allow for increased surface coverage, surface intensity, and release of AF488-KGF in comparison to the homopolymer. It is likely that differences in these three aspects could have a profound effect on the wound healing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohini Sen-Britain
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14221
| | - Derek M Britain
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Wesley L Hicks
- Department of Head and Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Joseph A Gardella
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14221
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8
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Oryan A, Alemzadeh E, Zarei M. Basic concepts, current evidence, and future potential for gene therapy in managing cutaneous wounds. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:889-898. [PMID: 31256273 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies have investigated the role of gene therapy in the healing process. The aim of this review is to explain the gene delivery systems in wound area. RESULTS Ninety-two studies were included and comprehensively overviewed. We described the importance of viral vectors such as adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and retroviruses, and conventional non-viral vectors such as naked DNA injections, liposomes, gene gun, electroporation, and nanoparticles in achieving high-level expression of genes. Application of viral transfection, liposomal vectors, and electroporation were the main gene delivery systems. Genes encoding for growth factors or cytokines have been shown to result in a better wound closure in comparison to application of the synthetic growth factors. In addition, a combination of stem cell and gene therapy has been found an effective approach in regeneration of cutaneous wounds. CONCLUSIONS This article gives an overview of the methods and investigations applied on gene therapy in wound healing. However, clinical investigations need to be undertaken to gain a better understanding of gene delivery technologies and their roles in stimulating wound repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Oryan
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Esmat Alemzadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
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9
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Sen-Britain S, Hicks WL, Hard R, Gardella JA. Differential orientation and conformation of surface-bound keratinocyte growth factor on (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate, (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate/methyl methacrylate, and (hydroxyethyl)methacrylate/methacrylic acid hydrogel copolymers. Biointerphases 2018; 13:06E406. [PMID: 30360629 PMCID: PMC6905655 DOI: 10.1116/1.5051655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of hydrogels for protein delivery requires protein-hydrogel interactions that cause minimal disruption of the protein's biological activity. Biological activity can be influenced by factors such as orientational accessibility for receptor binding and conformational changes, and these factors can be influenced by the hydrogel surface chemistry. (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate (HEMA) hydrogels are of interest as drug delivery vehicles for keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) which is known to promote re-epithelialization in wound healing. The authors report here the surface characterization of three different HEMA hydrogel copolymers and their effects on the orientation and conformation of surface-bound KGF. In this work, they characterize two copolymers in addition to HEMA alone and report how protein orientation and conformation is affected. The first copolymer incorporates methyl methacrylate (MMA), which is known to promote the adsorption of protein to its surface due to its hydrophobicity. The second copolymer incorporates methacrylic acid (MAA), which is known to promote the diffusion of protein into its surface due to its hydrophilicity. They find that KGF at the surface of the HEMA/MMA copolymer appears to be more orientationally accessible and conformationally active than KGF at the surface of the HEMA/MAA copolymer. They also report that KGF at the surface of the HEMA/MAA copolymer becomes conformationally unfolded, likely due to hydrogen bonding. KGF at the surface of these copolymers can be differentiated by Fourier-transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry in conjunction with principal component analysis. The differences in KGF orientation and conformation between these copolymers may result in different biological responses in future cell-based experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohini Sen-Britain
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 475 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14221
| | - Wesley L Hicks
- Department of Head and Neck/Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Roswell Comprehensive Cancer Center, 665 Elm Street, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Robert Hard
- Department of Pathological and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 955 Main St, Buffalo, New York 14203
| | - Joseph A Gardella
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 475 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14221
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10
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Tomic-Canic M, Wong LL, Smola H. The epithelialisation phase in wound healing: options to enhance wound closure. J Wound Care 2018; 27:646-658. [DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2018.27.10.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Majana Tomic-Canic
- Professor and Vice Chair of Research; Director, Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program; Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, US
| | - Lulu L. Wong
- MD Candidate; Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, US
| | - Hans Smola
- Professor of Dermatology, Medical Director, PAUL HARTMANN AG, Heidenheim and Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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11
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Expression of KGF-1 and KGF-2 in Skin Wounds and Its Application in Forensic Pathology. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2017; 38:199-210. [PMID: 28590265 DOI: 10.1097/paf.0000000000000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The expression of keratinocyte growth factor-1 (KGF-1) and keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2) in skin wounds in mice was studied using multiple methods. The dynamic expression of KGF-1 and KGF-2 for antemortem and postmortem injuries as well as the examination of antemortem injuries after death under different temperature and over varying time periods was studied. It demonstrates that skin KGF-1 resulting from an antemortem injury starts to rise at 6 hours, reaches its peak at 1 day, and starts to drop at 5 days. The expression of skin KGF-2 resulting from an antemortem injury starts to rise at 12 hours, reaches its peak at 7 days, and begins to drop at 10 days. Skin KGF-1 and skin KGF-2 after death stabilize within 7 days at 4°C and -20°C, within 5 days at 20°C, and within 1 day at 30°C. The application of KGF-1 and KGF-2 indicators in skin wound age determination is both feasible and reliable.
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12
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Lafosse A, Dufeys C, Beauloye C, Horman S, Dufrane D. Impact of Hyperglycemia and Low Oxygen Tension on Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Compared with Dermal Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes: Importance for Wound Healing in Type 2 Diabetes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168058. [PMID: 27992567 PMCID: PMC5167273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) are currently proposed for wound healing in those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, this study investigated the impact of diabetes on adipose tissue in relation to ASC isolation, proliferation, and growth factor release and the impact of hyperglycemia and low oxygen tension (found in diabetic wounds) on dermal fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and ASC in vitro. Methods Different sequences of hypoxia and hyperglycemia were applied in vitro to ASC from nondiabetic (n = 8) or T2DM patients (n = 4) to study cell survival, proliferation, and growth factor release. Comparisons of dermal fibroblasts (n = 8) and keratinocytes (primary lineage) were made. Results No significant difference of isolation and proliferation capacities was found in ASC from nondiabetic and diabetic humans. Hypoxia and hyperglycemia did not impact cell viability and proliferation. Keratinocyte Growth Factor release was significantly lower in diabetic ASC than in nondiabetic ASC group in each condition, while Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor release was not affected by the diabetic origin. Nondiabetic ASC exposition to hypoxia (0.1% oxygen) combined with hyperglycemia (25mM glucose), resulted in a significant increase in VEGF secretion (+64%, p<0.05) with no deleterious impact on KGF release in comparison to physiological conditions (5% oxygen and 5 mM glucose). Stromal cell-Derived Factor-1α (-93%, p<0.001) and KGF (-20%, p<0.05) secretion by DF decreased in these conditions. Conclusions A better profile of growth factor secretion (regarding wound healing) was found in vitro for ASC in hyperglycemia coupled with hypoxia in comparison to dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Interestingly, ASC from T2DM donors demonstrated cellular growth rates and survival (in hypoxia and hyperglycemic conditions) similar to those of healthy ASC (from normoglycemic donors); however, KGF secretion was significantly depleted in ASC obtained from T2DM patients. This study demonstrated the impact of diabetes on ASC for regenerative medicine and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cécile Dufeys
- Pole de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pole de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pole de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denis Dufrane
- Novadip Biosciences, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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13
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Jain N, Kalailingam P, Tan KW, Tan HB, Sng MK, Chan JSK, Tan NS, Thanabalu T. Conditional knockout of N-WASP in mouse fibroblast caused keratinocyte hyper proliferation and enhanced wound closure. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38109. [PMID: 27909303 PMCID: PMC5133560 DOI: 10.1038/srep38109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural-Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome Protein (N-WASP) is expressed ubiquitously, regulates actin polymerization and is essential during mouse development. We have previously shown that N-WASP is critical for cell-ECM adhesion in fibroblasts. To characterize the role of N-WASP in fibroblast for skin development, we generated a conditional knockout mouse model in which fibroblast N-WASP was ablated using the Cre recombinase driven by Fibroblast Specific Protein promoter (Fsp-Cre). N-WASPFKO (N-WASPfl/fl; Fsp-cre) were born following Mendelian genetics, survived without any visible abnormalities for more than 1 year and were sexually reproductive, suggesting that expression of N-WASP in fibroblast is not critical for survival under laboratory conditions. Histological sections of N-WASPFKO mice skin (13 weeks old) showed thicker epidermis with higher percentage of cells staining for proliferation marker (PCNA), suggesting that N-WASP deficient fibroblasts promote keratinocyte proliferation. N-WASPFKO mice skin had elevated collagen content, elevated expression of FGF7 (keratinocyte growth factor) and TGFβ signaling proteins. Wound healing was faster in N-WASPFKO mice compared to control mice and N-WASP deficient fibroblasts were found to have enhanced collagen gel contraction properties. These results suggest that N-WASP deficiency in fibroblasts improves wound healing by growth factor-mediated enhancement of keratinocyte proliferation and increased wound contraction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Jain
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Pazhanichamy Kalailingam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kai Wei Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Bing Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ming Keat Sng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jeremy Soon Kiat Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Agency for Science Technology &Research, 138673, Singapore.,KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, 229899, Singapore
| | - Thirumaran Thanabalu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
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14
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Feng Y, Sanders AJ, Morgan LD, Harding KG, Jiang WG. Potential roles of suppressor of cytokine signaling in wound healing. Regen Med 2016; 11:193-209. [PMID: 26877242 DOI: 10.2217/rme.16.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic process comprising three overlapping, highly orchestrated stages known as inflammation, proliferation and re-epithelialization, and tissue remodeling. This complex process is regulated by numerous cytokines, with dysregulation of cytokine-induced signaling leading to impaired wound healing. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are a family of eight intracellular proteins which may hold the potential to maintain homeostasis during wound healing through their negative feedback inhibition of cytokine signaling. To date, the roles of SOCS proteins in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer have been comprehensively illustrated; however, only a limited number of studies focused on their role in wound healing. This review demonstrates the possible links between SOCS proteins and wound healing, and also highlights the potential importance of this family in a variety of other aspects of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Feng
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative & Wound Healing Research Unit, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Andrew J Sanders
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative & Wound Healing Research Unit, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Liam D Morgan
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative & Wound Healing Research Unit, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Keith G Harding
- Wound Healing Research Unit, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative & Wound Healing Research Unit, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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15
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Seeger MA, Paller AS. The Roles of Growth Factors in Keratinocyte Migration. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4:213-224. [PMID: 25945284 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2014.0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: The re-epithelialization of wounded skin requires the rapid and coordinated migration of keratinocytes (KC) into the wound bed. Almost immediately after wounding, cells present at or attracted to the wound site begin to secrete a complex milieu of growth factors. These growth factors exert mitogenic and motogenic effects on KCs, inducing the rapid proliferation and migration of KCs at the wound edge. Recent Advances: New roles for growth factors in KC biology are currently being discovered and investigated. This review will highlight the growth factors, particularly transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF-7), FGF-10, and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which have conclusively been shown to be the most motogenic for KCs. Critical Issues: The cellular and molecular heterogeneity of wounded tissue makes establishing direct relationships between specific growth factors and KC migration difficult in situ. The absence of this complexity in simplified in vitro experimental models of migration makes the clinical relevance of the results obtained from these in vitro studies ambiguous. Future Directions: Deciphering the relationship between growth factors and KC migration is critical for understanding the process of wound healing in normal and disease states. Insights into the basic science of the effects of growth factors on KC migration will hopefully lead to the development of new therapies to treat acute and chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Seeger
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amy S. Paller
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Abstract
Plasmid or non-viral gene therapy offers an alternative to classic viral gene delivery that negates the need for a biological vector. In this case, delivery is enhanced by a variety of approaches including lipid or polymer conjugation, particle-mediated delivery, hydrodynamic delivery, ultrasound or electroporation. Electroporation was originally used as a laboratory tool to deliver DNA to bacterial and mammalian cells in culture. Electrode development allowed this technique to be modified for in vivo use. After preclinical therapeutic studies, clinical delivery of cell impermeant chemotherapeutic agents progressed to clinical delivery of plasmid DNA. One huge benefit of this delivery technique is its malleability. The pulse protocol used for plasmid delivery can be fine-tuned to control the levels and duration of subsequent transgene expression. This fine-tuning allows transgene expression to be tailored to each therapeutic application. Effective and appropriate expression induces the desired clinical response that is a critical component for any gene therapy. This chapter focuses on clinical trials using in vivo electroporation or electrotransfer as a plasmid delivery method. The first clinical trial was initiated in 2004, and now more than fifty trials use electric fields for gene delivery. Safety and tolerability has been demonstrated by several groups, and early clinical efficacy results are promising in both cancer therapeutic and infectious disease vaccine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Heller
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; School of Medical Diagnostics and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Loree C Heller
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA; School of Medical Diagnostics and Translational Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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17
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Basu G, Downey H, Guo S, Israel A, Asmar A, Hargrave B, Heller R. Prevention of distal flap necrosis in a rat random skin flap model by gene electrotransfer delivering VEGF165plasmid. J Gene Med 2014; 16:55-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Basu
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
| | - Harre Downey
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
| | - Siqi Guo
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
| | - Annelise Israel
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
| | - Anthony Asmar
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
| | - Barbara Hargrave
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
- School of Medical Diagnostics and Translational Science; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
| | - Richard Heller
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
- School of Medical Diagnostics and Translational Science; Old Dominion University; Norfolk VA USA
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18
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Feng ZG, Pang SF, Guo DJ, Yang YT, Liu B, Wang JW, Zheng KQ, Lin Y. Recombinant keratinocyte growth factor 1 in tobacco potentially promotes wound healing in diabetic rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:579632. [PMID: 24783215 PMCID: PMC3982250 DOI: 10.1155/2014/579632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocyte growth factor 1 (KGF1) is a growth factor that promotes epidermal cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and wound repair. It is expressed at low levels in a form of inclusion body in E. coli. In order to increase its expression and activity, we produced tobacco plants expressing KGF1 via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using a potato virus X (PVX)-based vector (pgR107). The vector contained the sequence encoding the KGF1 gene fused with a green florescence protein. The recombinant plasmid was introduced into leaf cells of Nicotiana benthamiana (a wild Australian tobacco) via Agrobacterium-mediated agroinfiltration. As determined by fluorescence and Western blot of leaf extracts, the KGF1 gene was correctly translated into the tobacco plants. The recombinant KGF1 was purified from plant tissues by heparin affinity chromatography, and cell proliferation in NIH/3T3 cells was stimulated by the purified KGF1. The purified KGF1 was also applied to the wounds of type-II diabetic rats. KGF1 had accumulated to levels as high as 530 μ g/g fresh weight in the leaves of agroinfected plants. We show that plant-derived KGF1 can promote the proliferation of NIH/3T3 cells and have significant effects on the type-II diabetic rat. The present findings indicated that KGF1 from tobacco maintains its biological activity, implying prospective industrial production in a plant bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Feng
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shi-Feng Pang
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguang 523808, China
| | - Ding-Jiong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Cixi People's Hospital, Ningbo 315300, China
| | - Yue-Tao Yang
- Traumatic Medicine Center, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui 315300, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Traumatic Medicine Center, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui 315300, China
| | - Ji-Wei Wang
- Traumatic Medicine Center, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui 315300, China
| | - Ke-Qin Zheng
- Department of Biology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguang 523808, China
| | - Yi Lin
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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19
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Dou C, Lay F, Ansari AM, Rees DJ, Ahmed AK, Kovbasnjuk O, Matsangos AE, Du J, Hosseini SM, Steenbergen C, Fox-Talbot K, Tabor AT, Williams JA, Liu L, Marti GP, Harmon JW. Strengthening the skin with topical delivery of keratinocyte growth factor-1 using a novel DNA plasmid. Mol Ther 2014; 22:752-61. [PMID: 24434934 PMCID: PMC3982499 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile skin, susceptible to decubitus ulcers and incidental trauma, is a problem particularly for the elderly and for those with spinal cord injury. Here, we present a simple approach to strengthen the skin by the topical delivery of keratinocyte growth factor-1 (KGF-1) DNA. In initial feasibility studies with the novel minimalized, antibiotic-free DNA expression vector, NTC8385-VA1, the reporter genes luciferase and enhanced green fluorescent protein were delivered. Transfection was documented when luciferase expression significantly increased after transfection. Microscopic imaging of enhanced green fluorescent protein-transfected skin showed green fluorescence in hair follicles, hair shafts, and dermal and superficial epithelial cells. With KGF-1 transfection, KGF-1 mRNA level and protein production were documented with quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Epithelial thickness of the transfected skin in the KGF group was significantly increased compared with the control vector group (26 ± 2 versus 16 ± 4 µm) at 48 hours (P = 0.045). Dermal thickness tended to be increased in the KGF group (255 ± 36 versus 162 ± 16 µm) at 120 hours (P = 0.057). Biomechanical assessment showed that the KGF-1-treated skin was significantly stronger than control vector-transfected skin. These findings indicate that topically delivered KGF-1 DNA plasmid can increase epithelial thickness and strength, demonstrating the potential of this approach to restore compromised skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Dou
- 1] Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China [2] Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Frank Lay
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amir Mehdi Ansari
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Donald J Rees
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ali Karim Ahmed
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Olga Kovbasnjuk
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aerielle E Matsangos
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Junkai Du
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sayed Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Charles Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Karen Fox-Talbot
- Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Guy P Marti
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John W Harmon
- Department of Surgery and Hendrix Burn/Wound Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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20
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Sommer K, Sander AL, Albig M, Weber R, Henrich D, Frank J, Marzi I, Jakob H. Delayed wound repair in sepsis is associated with reduced local pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73992. [PMID: 24086305 PMCID: PMC3783436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the main causes for morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Moreover, sepsis associated complications involving impaired wound healing are common. Septic patients often require surgical interventions that in-turn may lead to further complications caused by impaired wound healing. We established a mouse model to the study delayed wound healing during sepsis distant to the septic focus point. For this reason cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was combined with the creation of a superficial wound on the mouse ear. Control animals received the same procedure without CPL. Epithelialization was measured every second day by direct microscopic visualization up to complete closure of the wound. As interplay of TNF-α, TGF-β, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP) is important in wound healing in general, TNF-α, TGF-β, MMP7, and TIMP1 were assessed immunohistochemical in samples of wounded ears harvested on days 2, 6, 10 and 16 after wounding. After induction of sepsis, animals showed a significant delay in wound epithelialization from day 2 to 12 compared to control animals. Complete wound healing was attained after mean 12.2± standard deviation (SD) 3.0 days in septic animals compared to 8.7± SD 1.7 days in the control group. Septic animals showed a significant reduction in local pro-inflammatory cytokine level of TNF-α on day 2 and day 6 as well as a reduced expression of TGF-β on day 2 in wounds. A significant lower expression of MMP7 as well as TIMP1 was also observed on day 2 after wounding. The induction of sepsis impairs wound healing distant to the septic focus point. We could demonstrate that expression of important cytokines for wound repair is deregulated after induction of sepsis. Thus restoring normal cytokine response locally in wounds could be a good strategy to enhance wound repair in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Sommer
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Lena Sander
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Michael Albig
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Roxane Weber
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Johannes Frank
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heike Jakob
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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21
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An electrospun scaffold integrating nucleic acid delivery for treatment of full-thickness wounds. Biomaterials 2013; 34:3891-901. [PMID: 23453058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We developed a multi-functional construct capable of controlled delivery of bioactive substances that can improve wound repair by supporting the intrinsic ability of the skin to heal. We synthesized electrospun scaffolds-composed of a blend of the degradable polymers poly(l-lactide) (PLA) or polycaprolactone (PCL)-that produce highly efficient non-viral in vivo gene delivery to cells in the wound bed, provide a protective barrier during early wound healing, and support cell migration and growth. This multi-functional material was tested for its influence on wound healing: scaffolds were loaded with plasmids encoding keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and applied to full-thickness wounds in mice. Compared to scaffolds with control plasmids, animals receiving the KGF plasmid-loaded scaffold produced significant enhancements in wound healing, which was quantified by improvements in the rate of wound re-epithelialization, keratinocyte proliferation, and granulation response. Further, we quantified the expression level of endogenous and plasmid-derived KGF in wound samples: qRT-PCR on wound sections revealed a correlation between the levels of plasmid-derived protein expression and histological analysis of wound healing, revealing an inverse relationship between the expression level of exogenous KGF and the size of the unhealed epithelial layer in wounds. Our findings suggest that engineered nanofiber PLA/PCL scaffolds are capable of highly efficient controlled DNA delivery and are promising materials for treatment of cutaneous wounds.
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22
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Keratinocyte growth factor phage model peptides can promote human oral mucosal epithelial cell proliferation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 116:e92-7. [PMID: 23313229 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to find keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) mimic peptides by a phage display library screening and to analyze their effects on proliferation of human oral mucosal epithelial cells (HOMECs). STUDY DESIGN A phage display library was screened by anti-KGF antibody. ELISA was performed to select monoclonal phages with higher binding activity. The promotion of the phage model peptides on HOMEC proliferation were analyzed by MTT and their cell affinities were confirmed by immunofluorescence assay. Their effect on KGFR, human beta-defensin 3, c-Fos, and c-Jun in HOMEC were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Two model peptides with higher affinity with HOMEC were found to have promotive activity on cell proliferation, similar to that of KGF. These 2 model peptides have no KGF-like promotion effect on the expression of c-Fos and c-Jun. CONCLUSIONS The 2 phage model peptides can promote the proliferation of HOMEC in vitro without tumorigenic effects, which suggests their possible usages in oral mucosal wound healing.
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23
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Xia X, Babcock JP, Blaber SI, Harper KM, Blaber M. Pharmacokinetic properties of 2nd-generation fibroblast growth factor-1 mutants for therapeutic application. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48210. [PMID: 23133616 PMCID: PMC3486806 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) is an angiogenic factor with therapeutic potential for the treatment of ischemic disease. FGF-1 has low intrinsic thermostability and is characteristically formulated with heparin as a stabilizing agent. Heparin, however, adds a number of undesirable properties that negatively impact safety and cost. Mutations that increase the thermostability of FGF-1 may obviate the need for heparin in formulation and may prove to be useful “2nd-generation” forms for therapeutic use. We report a pharmacokinetic (PK) study in rabbits of human FGF-1 in the presence and absence of heparin, as well as three mutant forms having differential effects upon thermostability, buried reactive thiols, and heparin affinity. The results support the hypothesis that heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) in the vasculature of liver, kidney and spleen serves as the principle peripheral compartment in the distribution kinetics. The addition of heparin to FGF-1 is shown to increase endocrine-like properties of distribution. Mutant forms of FGF-1 that enhance thermostability or eliminate buried reactive thiols demonstrate a shorter distribution half-life, a longer elimination half-life, and a longer mean residence time (MRT) in comparison to wild-type FGF-1. The results show how such mutations can produce useful 2nd-generation forms with tailored PK profiles for specific therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Joseph P. Babcock
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sachiko I. Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M. Harper
- Biomedical Research Laboratory Animal Resources, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michael Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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24
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Yakimchuk K, Nandakumar KS, Chen L, Holmdahl R, Okret S, Jondal M. Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) delays the onset of collagen-induced arthritis. Autoimmunity 2012; 45:510-5. [PMID: 22849314 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2012.712169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family. KGF protects the oral and intestinal mucosa against damage induced by irradiation or chemotherapy. Previous studies have found the expression of KGF in chondrocytes and suggested that KGF promotes the wound healing process in injured cartilage. KGF also has important effects on the immune system such as the regeneration of thymus tissue and the formation of regulatory T cells (T(reg)) in the periphery. AIM Here we investigated the effect of KGF on collagen type II induced arthritis (CIA) and anti-collagen antibody induced arthritis (CAIA) in order to discriminate between immunoregulatory effect and direct protective effect on chondrocytes. METHODS CIA was induced by immunization with CII and CAIA by treatment of mice with a cocktail of four different anti-CII antibodies. The effect of KGF on the thymus and spleen was analyzed by FACS and by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We have found that KGF treatment delayed the onset of CIA but had no effect on CAIA. Our results show that KGF treatment leads both to an outflow of naïve T cells from the thymus and to a statistically significant increase in the percentage of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T(regs) in the periphery. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the effect of KGF on CIA depends on immunoregulatory mechanisms. KGF may delay the aging of the cellular immune system and thus improve the resilience of the immune system against autoimmune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Yakimchuk
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, NOVUM, Huddinge, Sweden.
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25
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Huang Z, Zhu G, Sun C, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ye C, Wang X, Ilghari D, Li X. A novel solid-phase site-specific PEGylation enhances the in vitro and in vivo biostabilty of recombinant human keratinocyte growth factor 1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36423. [PMID: 22574160 PMCID: PMC3344868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte growth factor 1 (KGF-1) has proven useful in the treatment of pathologies associated with dermal adnexae, liver, lung, and the gastrointestinal tract diseases. However, poor stability and short plasma half-life of the protein have restricted its therapeutic applications. While it is possible to improve the stability and extend the circulating half-life of recombinant human KGF-1 (rhKGF-1) using solution-phase PEGylation, such preparations have heterogeneous structures and often low specific activities due to multiple and/or uncontrolled PEGylation. In the present study, a novel solid-phase PEGylation strategy was employed to produce homogenous mono-PEGylated rhKGF-1. RhKGF-1 protein was immobilized on a Heparin-Sepharose column and then a site-selective PEGylation reaction was carried out by a reductive alkylation at the N-terminal amino acid of the protein. The mono-PEGylated rhKGF-1, which accounted for over 40% of the total rhKGF-1 used in the PEGylation reaction, was purified to homogeneity by SP Sepharose ion-exchange chromatography. Our biophysical and biochemical studies demonstrated that the solid-phase PEGylation significantly enhanced the in vitro and in vivo biostability without affecting the over all structure of the protein. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic analysis showed that modified rhKGF-1 had considerably longer plasma half-life than its intact counterpart. Our cell-based analysis showed that, similar to rhKGF-1, PEGylated rhKGF-1 induced proliferation in NIH 3T3 cells through the activation of MAPK/Erk pathway. Notably, PEGylated rhKGF-1 exhibited a greater hepatoprotection against CCl(4)-induced injury in rats compared to rhKGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital Medical Center, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuanchuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Youting Zhang
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital Medical Center, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dariush Ilghari
- Department of Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DI); (XL)
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
- Normal Bethune Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (DI); (XL)
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26
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Zimber MP, Mansbridge JN, Taylor M, Stockton T, Hubka M, Baumgartner M, Rheins L, Hubka K, Brandt EN, Kellar R, Naughton GK. Human cell-conditioned media produced under embryonic-like conditions result in improved healing time after laser resurfacing. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2012; 36:431-7. [PMID: 21735336 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-011-9787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laser resurfacing procedures are continuing to grow in popularity as patients select less invasive procedures for rejuvenation of photo-damaged and aging skin. However, although physicians have begun exploring options to aid in postlaser healing, currently available treatments have little clinical evidence to support their use for wounded skin. METHODS When grown under conditions of very low oxygen and suspension, a simulation of the embryonic environment, neonatal cells have been found to produce proteins and growth factors in types and quantities similar to those of fetal cells. The human cell-conditioned media (hCCM) produced by the cells was extracted and formulated into a gel to evaluate its efficacy in the healing of postlaser wounds. RESULTS A split-face clinical evaluation of the material was performed, with 42 subjects undergoing combination ablative and nonablative laser procedures. Three concentrations of the hCCM were tested (× 0.1, × 1.0, × 10.0), and a dose-response trend was seen in the blinded physician evaluation, particularly in the assessment of crusting. In addition, transepidermal water loss readings showed a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05), indicating a more rapid return to normal skin barrier function with the active treatment. Histopathologic evaluation of subject biopsies showed reduced inflammation and a more normal epidermal appearance in the active treatment sites. CONCLUSIONS The results of this clinical evaluation support the use of the soluble hCCM produced under embryonic-like conditions to accelerate wound healing after laser resurfacing procedures. The utility of the × 10 concentration appears to promote more rapid, scarless wound healing after resurfacing procedures and more normal skin recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Zimber
- Histogen Inc, 10655 Sorrento Valley Road, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
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Behm B, Babilas P, Landthaler M, Schreml S. Cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in wound healing. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 26:812-20. [PMID: 22211801 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In wound healing, a variety of mediators have been identified throughout the years. The mediators discussed here comprise growth factors, cytokines and chemokines. These mediators act via multiple (specific) receptors to facilitate wound closure. As research in the last years has led to many new findings, there is a need to give an overview on what is known, and on what might possibly play a role as a molecular target for future wound therapy. This review aims to keep the reader up to date with selected important and novel findings regarding growth factors, cytokines and chemokines in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Behm
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Hauser J, Lehnhardt M, Daigeler A, Langer S, Steinau HU, Vogt PM. Photoplanimetric evaluation and impedance measurement of split-thickness skin grafts: a new model for objective wound-healing assessment in clinical trials. Skin Res Technol 2009; 15:168-71. [PMID: 19622126 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2008.00343.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective assessment of wound healing is a challenging task especially in the context of clinical trials. Because the clinical evaluation of wounds and the wound-healing quality is often influenced by the subjective view of the physician, there is great need for a reliable, quantitative and objective wound model that would help to obtain statistically useful data. Here, we present a wound model and non-invasive analysis techniques to evaluate human wound healing. The model described was used in a clinical trial on 167 patients treated with a new wound therapeutic agent. METHODS The study was conducted on 167 patients receiving split-thickness mesh grafts (1 : 1.5 and 0.1 mm) after reconstructive procedures. The re-epithelialization of the mesh holes and the leakage of wound serum served as the main parameters of wound healing. The quantitative evaluation of the epithelialization rate was performed by photoplanimetry and impedance measurement. These data were correlated with the clinical wound assessment of two independent physicians. RESULTS The study showed that computer-aided photoplanimetry, in combination with impedance measurement, is a feasible and very useful method to evaluate the re-epithelialization rate of mesh skin grafts. CONCLUSION The model described is a viable method to evaluate human wound healing in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hauser
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University-Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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