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Anderson MD, Taylor DL, Olson K, Ruess RW. Composition of soil Frankia assemblages across ecological drivers parallels that of nodule assemblages in Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia in interior Alaska. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11458. [PMID: 38979008 PMCID: PMC11229434 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In root nodule symbioses (RNS) between nitrogen (N)-fixing bacteria and plants, bacterial symbionts cycle between nodule-inhabiting and soil-inhabiting niches that exert differential selection pressures on bacterial traits. Little is known about how the resulting evolutionary tension between host plants and symbiotic bacteria structures naturally occurring bacterial assemblages in soils. We used DNA cloning to examine soil-dwelling assemblages of the actinorhizal symbiont Frankia in sites with long-term stable assemblages in Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia nodules. We compared: (1) phylogenetic diversity of Frankia in soil versus nodules, (2) change in Frankia assemblages in soil versus nodules in response to environmental variation: both across succession, and in response to long-term fertilization with N and phosphorus, and (3) soil assemblages in the presence and absence of host plants. Phylogenetic diversity was much greater in soil-dwelling than nodule-dwelling assemblages and fell into two large clades not previously observed. The presence of host plants was associated with enhanced representation of genotypes specific to A. tenuifolia, and decreased representation of genotypes specific to a second Alnus species. The relative proportion of symbiotic sequence groups across a primary chronosequence was similar in both soil and nodule assemblages. Contrary to expectations, both N and P enhanced symbiotic genotypes relative to non-symbiotic ones. Our results provide a rare set of field observations against which predictions from theoretical and experimental work in the evolutionary ecology of RNS can be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. D. Anderson
- Biology DepartmentMacalester CollegeSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
- Institute of Arctic BiologyUniversity of AlaskaFairbanksAlaskaUSA
| | - D. L. Taylor
- Department of BiologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - K. Olson
- Institute of Arctic BiologyUniversity of AlaskaFairbanksAlaskaUSA
| | - R. W. Ruess
- Institute of Arctic BiologyUniversity of AlaskaFairbanksAlaskaUSA
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Chevez ZR, Dunn LL, da Silva ALBR, Rodrigues C. Prevalence of STEC virulence markers and Salmonella as a function of abiotic factors in agricultural water in the southeastern United States. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1320168. [PMID: 38832116 PMCID: PMC11144861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1320168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fresh produce can be contaminated by enteric pathogens throughout crop production, including through contact with contaminated agricultural water. The most common outbreaks and recalls in fresh produce are due to contamination by Salmonella enterica and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). Thus, the objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of markers for STEC (wzy, hly, fliC, eaeA, rfbE, stx-I, stx-II) and Salmonella (invA) in surface water sources (n = 8) from produce farms in Southwest Georgia and to determine correlations among the prevalence of virulence markers for STEC, water nutrient profile, and environmental factors. Water samples (500 mL) from eight irrigation ponds were collected from February to December 2021 (n = 88). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to screen for Salmonella and STEC genes, and Salmonella samples were confirmed by culture-based methods. Positive samples for Salmonella were further serotyped. Particularly, Salmonella was detected in 6/88 (6.81%) water samples from all ponds, and the following 4 serotypes were detected: Saintpaul 3/6 (50%), Montevideo 1/6 (16.66%), Mississippi 1/6 (16.66%), and Bareilly 1/6 (16.66%). Salmonella isolates were only found in the summer months (May-Aug.). The most prevalent STEC genes were hly 77/88 (87.50%) and stx-I 75/88 (85.22%), followed by fliC 54/88 (61.63%), stx-II 41/88 (46.59%), rfbE 31/88 (35.22%), and eaeA 28/88 (31.81%). The wzy gene was not detected in any of the samples. Based on a logistic regression analysis, the odds of codetection for STEC virulence markers (stx-I, stx-II, and eaeA) were negatively correlated with calcium and relative humidity (p < 0.05). A conditional forest analysis was performed to assess predictive performance (AUC = 0.921), and the top predictors included humidity, nitrate, calcium, and solar radiation. Overall, information from this research adds to a growing body of knowledge regarding the risk that surface water sources pose to produce grown in subtropical environmental conditions and emphasizes the importance of understanding the use of abiotic factors as a holistic approach to understanding the microbial quality of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoila R. Chevez
- Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Laurel L. Dunn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | | | - Camila Rodrigues
- Department of Horticulture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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3
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Dziedzic E, Sidlauskas B, Cronn R, Anthony J, Cornwell T, Friesen TA, Konstantinidis P, Penaluna BE, Stein S, Levi T. Creating, curating and evaluating a mitogenomic reference database to improve regional species identification using environmental DNA. Mol Ecol Resour 2023; 23:1880-1904. [PMID: 37602732 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Species detection using eDNA is revolutionizing global capacity to monitor biodiversity. However, the lack of regional, vouchered, genomic sequence information-especially sequence information that includes intraspecific variation-creates a bottleneck for management agencies wanting to harness the complete power of eDNA to monitor taxa and implement eDNA analyses. eDNA studies depend upon regional databases of mitogenomic sequence information to evaluate the effectiveness of such data to detect and identify taxa. We created the Oregon Biodiversity Genome Project to create a database of complete, nearly error-free mitogenomic sequences for all of Oregon's fishes. We have successfully assembled the complete mitogenomes of 313 specimens of freshwater, anadromous and estuarine fishes representing 24 families, 55 genera and 129 species and lineages. Comparative analyses of these sequences illustrate that many regions of the mitogenome are taxonomically informative, that the short (~150 bp) mitochondrial 'barcode' regions typically used for eDNA assays do not consistently diagnose for species and that complete single or multiple genes of the mitogenome are preferable for identifying Oregon's fishes. This project provides a blueprint for other researchers to follow as they build regional databases, illustrates the taxonomic value and limits of complete mitogenomic sequences and offers clues as to how current eDNA assays and environmental genomics methods of the future can best leverage this information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Dziedzic
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Brian Sidlauskas
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Richard Cronn
- Pacific Northwest Research Station, US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - James Anthony
- Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Corvallis Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Trevan Cornwell
- Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Corvallis Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Thomas A Friesen
- Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Corvallis Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Peter Konstantinidis
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Brooke E Penaluna
- Pacific Northwest Research Station, US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Staci Stein
- Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Corvallis Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Taal Levi
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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4
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Lahlali R, Ibrahim DS, Belabess Z, Kadir Roni MZ, Radouane N, Vicente CS, Menéndez E, Mokrini F, Barka EA, Galvão de Melo e Mota M, Peng G. High-throughput molecular technologies for unraveling the mystery of soil microbial community: challenges and future prospects. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08142. [PMID: 34693062 PMCID: PMC8515249 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial communities play a crucial role in soil fertility, sustainability, and plant health. However, intensive agriculture with increasing chemical inputs and changing environments have influenced native soil microbial communities. Approaches have been developed to study the structure, diversity, and activity of soil microbes to better understand the biology and plant-microbe interactions in soils. Unfortunately, a good understanding of soil microbial community remains a challenge due to the complexity of community composition, interactions of the soil environment, and limitations of technologies, especially related to the functionality of some taxa rarely detected using conventional techniques. Culture-based methods have been shown unable and sometimes are biased for assessing soil microbial communities. To gain further knowledge, culture-independent methods relying on direct analysis of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids are worth exploring. In recent years, metagenomics, metaproteomics, metatranscriptomics, and proteogenomics have been increasingly used in studying microbial ecology. In this review, we examined the importance of microbial community to soil quality, the mystery of rhizosphere and plant-microbe interactions, and the biodiversity and multi-trophic interactions that influence the soil structure and functionality. The impact of the cropping system and climate change on the soil microbial community was also explored. Importantly, progresses in molecular biology, especially in the development of high-throughput biotechnological tools, were extensively assessed for potential uses to decipher the diversity and dynamics of soil microbial communities, with the highlighted advantages/limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Lahlali
- Plant Pathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknes, BP S/40, 50001, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Dina S.S. Ibrahim
- Department of Nematodes Diseases and Central Lab of Biotechnology, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 12619, Egypt
| | - Zineb Belabess
- Plant Protection Laboratory. Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Oujda, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Mohamed VI, BP428 60000 Oujda, Morocco
| | - Md Zohurul Kadir Roni
- Tropical Agriculture Research Front, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1091-1 Maezato-Kawarabaru, Ishigaki, Okinawa, 907-0002, Japan
| | - Nabil Radouane
- Plant Pathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknes, BP S/40, 50001, Meknes, Morocco
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, FST-Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Cláudia S.L. Vicente
- MED – Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (IIFA), Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
- INIAV, I.P. - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Esther Menéndez
- INIAV, I.P. - Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics / Spanish-Portuguese Institute for Agricultural Research (CIALE). University of Salamanca, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Fouad Mokrini
- Plant Protection Laboratory, INRA, Centre Régional de la Recherche Agronomique (CRRA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bio-protection des Plantes, EA 4707, USC, INRAe1488, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
| | - Manuel Galvão de Melo e Mota
- NemaLab, MED – Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & Department of Biology, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Gary Peng
- Saskatoon Research Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Toghueo RMK, Sahal D, Boyom FF. Recent advances in inducing endophytic fungal specialized metabolites using small molecule elicitors including epigenetic modifiers. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 174:112338. [PMID: 32179305 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Today when the quest of new lead molecules to supply the development pipeline is driving the course of drug discovery, endophytic fungi with their outstanding biosynthetic potential seem to be highly promising avenues for natural product scientists. However, challenges such as the production of inadequate quantities of compounds, the attenuation or loss of ability of endophytes to produce the compound of interest when grown in culture and the inability of fungal endophytes to express their full biosynthetic potential in laboratory conditions have been the major constraints. These have led to the application of small chemical elicitors that induce epigenetic changes in fungi to activate their silent gene clusters optimizing the amount of metabolites of interest or inducing the synthesis of hitherto undescribed compounds. In this respect small molecular weight compounds which are known to function as inhibitors of histone deacetylase (HDAC), DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and proteasome have proven their efficacy in enhancing or inducing the production of specialized metabolites by fungi. Moreover, organic solvents, metals and plants extracts are also acknowledged for their ability to cause shifts in fungal metabolism. We highlight the successful studies from the past two decades reporting the ability of structurally diverse small molecular weight compounds to elicit the production of previously undescribed metabolites from endophytic fungi grown in culture. This mini review argues in favor of chemical elicitation as an effective strategy to optimize the production of fungal metabolites and invigorate the pipeline of drug discovery with new chemical entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufin Marie Kouipou Toghueo
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Dinkar Sahal
- Malaria Drug Discovery Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Fabrice Fekam Boyom
- Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit (AmBcAU), Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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6
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Keepers KG, Pogoda CS, White KH, Anderson Stewart CR, Hoffman JR, Ruiz AM, McCain CM, Lendemer JC, Kane NC, Tripp EA. Whole Genome Shotgun Sequencing Detects Greater Lichen Fungal Diversity Than Amplicon-Based Methods in Environmental Samples. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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7
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Mehta D, Hirsch-Hoffmann M, Were M, Patrignani A, Zaidi SSEA, Were H, Gruissem W, Vanderschuren H. A new full-length circular DNA sequencing method for viral-sized genomes reveals that RNAi transgenic plants provoke a shift in geminivirus populations in the field. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:e9. [PMID: 30357413 PMCID: PMC6344846 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new method, CIDER-Seq (Circular DNA Enrichment sequencing) for the unbiased enrichment and long-read sequencing of viral-sized circular DNA molecules. We used CIDER-Seq to produce single-read full-length virus genomes for the first time. CIDER-Seq combines PCR-free virus enrichment with Single Molecule Real Time sequencing and a new sequence de-concatenation algorithm. We apply our technique to produce >1200 full-length, highly accurate geminivirus genomes from RNAi-transgenic and control plants in a field trial in Kenya. Using CIDER-Seq we can demonstrate for the first time that the expression of antiviral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in transgenic plants causes a consistent shift in virus populations towards species sharing low homology to the transgene derived dsRNA. Our method and its application in an economically important crop plant opens new possibilities in periodic virus sequence surveillance and accurate profiling of diverse circular DNA elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devang Mehta
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Mariam Were
- Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | | | - Syed Shan-E-Ali Zaidi
- Plant Genetics, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Hassan Were
- Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Wilhelm Gruissem
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hervé Vanderschuren
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Plant Genetics, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
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8
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Peng W, Li X, Wang C, Cao H, Cui Z. Metagenome complexity and template length are the main causes of bias in PCR-based bacteria community analysis. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 58:987-997. [PMID: 30091475 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Multitemplate PCR is used widely for the study of microbial community diversity. Although such studies have established the abundance of different groups within many natural ecosystems, these reports are limited by uncertainties such as bias and artifacts in the PCR. Bias which is introduced by the simultaneous amplification of specific genes from complex mixtures of templates remains poorly understood. In this study, factors leading to the bias of the multitemplate PCR in bacterial communities were examined and optimized. Comparisons between PCR cycle parameters, DNA polymerases, PCR primer degeneracy, and 16S rRNA gene fragments GC content, revealed that annealing temperatures and DNA structure are predominant factors contributing to the observed bias. Pre-digestion of metagenomic DNA with the restriction enzyme Sau3A I and decreased annealing temperature reduced the bias significantly. The application of these optimized conditions to the ten-species model community in a soil sample verified the validity of these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment of MOA, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment of MOA, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment of MOA, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment of MOA, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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9
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Esmaeili Taheri A, Chatterton S, Gossen BD, McLaren DL. Degenerate ITS7 primer enhances oomycete community coverage and PCR sensitivity to Aphanomyces species, economically important plant pathogens. Can J Microbiol 2017; 63:769-779. [PMID: 28576113 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2017-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Metagenomic analysis of oomycetes through deep amplicon sequencing has been conducted primarily using the ITS6-ITS7 primer set that targets the ITS1 region. While this primer set shows a perfect match to most oomycete taxa, ITS7 contains 3 mismatches to the corresponding binding site of plant pathogens within the genus Aphanomyces. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) efficiency differs for taxa with uneven primer matching characteristics, which may explain why previous studies have detected this genus at low abundance. To overcome the impact of these mismatches on PCR sensitivity, the mismatched nucleotides were replaced with degenerate nucleotides. Oomycete communities from 35 soil samples collected from asymptomatic and root rot diseased sites in pea fields across Alberta were analyzed simultaneously using ITS6-ITS7 and ITS6-ITS7-a.e. (modified version of ITS7) primer sets on 1 Illumina MiSeq run. The number of high-quality reads obtained by ITS6-ITS7-a.e. was more than twice that of ITS6-ITS7. The relative abundance of Pythium spp. was reduced and Aphanomyces spp. increased. Aphanomyces cf. cladogamus and Aphanomyces euteiches were the second and third most abundant species, respectively, in the pea rhizosphere using the ITS7-a.e. primer, but were rare using the ITS7 primer. These results indicate that use of ITS7-a.e. provides a more accurate picture of oomycete communities than ITS7 by enhancing PCR sensitivity to Aphanomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Esmaeili Taheri
- a Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - S Chatterton
- a Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - B D Gossen
- b Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - D L McLaren
- c Brandon Research and Development Centre, AAFC, Brandon, MB R7A 5Y3, Canada
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10
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MetaGaAP: A Novel Pipeline to Estimate Community Composition and Abundance from Non-Model Sequence Data. BIOLOGY 2017; 6:biology6010014. [PMID: 28218638 PMCID: PMC5372007 DOI: 10.3390/biology6010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Next generation sequencing and bioinformatic approaches are increasingly used to quantify microorganisms within populations by analysis of ‘meta-barcode’ data. This approach relies on comparison of amplicon sequences of ‘barcode’ regions from a population with public-domain databases of reference sequences. However, for many organisms relevant ‘barcode’ regions may not have been identified and large databases of reference sequences may not be available. A workflow and software pipeline, ‘MetaGaAP,’ was developed to identify and quantify genotypes through four steps: shotgun sequencing and identification of polymorphisms in a metapopulation to identify custom ‘barcode’ regions of less than 30 polymorphisms within the span of a single ‘read’, amplification and sequencing of the ‘barcode’, generation of a custom database of polymorphisms, and quantitation of the relative abundance of genotypes. The pipeline and workflow were validated in a ‘wild type’ Alphabaculovirus isolate, Helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaSNPV-AC53) and a tissue-culture derived strain (HaSNPV-AC53-T2). The approach was validated by comparison of polymorphisms in amplicons and shotgun data, and by comparison of predicted dominant and co-dominant genotypes with Sanger sequences. The computational power required to generate and search the database effectively limits the number of polymorphisms that can be included in a barcode to 30 or less. The approach can be used in quantitative analysis of the ecology and pathology of non-model organisms.
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11
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De Filippis F, Parente E, Ercolini D. Metagenomics insights into food fermentations. Microb Biotechnol 2016; 10:91-102. [PMID: 27709807 PMCID: PMC5270737 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes the recent advances in the study of food microbial ecology, with a focus on food fermentations. High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have been widely applied to the study of food microbial consortia and the different applications of HTS technologies were exploited in order to monitor microbial dynamics in food fermentative processes. Phylobiomics was the most explored application in the past decade. Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, although still underexploited, promise to uncover the functionality of complex microbial consortia. The new knowledge acquired will help to understand how to make a profitable use of microbial genetic resources and modulate key activities of beneficial microbes in order to ensure process efficiency, product quality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Filippis
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Eugenio Parente
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
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12
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Jayasinghe TN, Chiavaroli V, Holland DJ, Cutfield WS, O'Sullivan JM. The New Era of Treatment for Obesity and Metabolic Disorders: Evidence and Expectations for Gut Microbiome Transplantation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:15. [PMID: 26925392 PMCID: PMC4759265 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points: The microbiome has been implicated in the development of obesity. Conventional therapeutic methods have limited effectiveness for the treatment of obesity and prevention of related complications. Gut microbiome transplantation may represent an alternative and effective therapy for the treatment of obesity. Obesity has reached epidemic proportions. Despite a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and growing treatment options, a significant proportion of obese patients do not respond to treatment. Recently, microbes residing in the human gastrointestinal tract have been found to act as an "endocrine" organ, whose composition and functionality may contribute to the development of obesity. Therefore, fecal/gut microbiome transplantation (GMT), which involves the transfer of feces from a healthy donor to a recipient, is increasingly drawing attention as a potential treatment for obesity. Currently the evidence for GMT effectiveness in the treatment of obesity is preliminary. Here, we summarize benefits, procedures, and issues associated with GMT, with a special focus on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David J Holland
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Counties Manukau Health Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wayne S Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, The University of AucklandAuckland, New Zealand; Gravida: National Centre for Growth and DevelopmentAuckland, New Zealand
| | - Justin M O'Sullivan
- Liggins Institute, The University of AucklandAuckland, New Zealand; Gravida: National Centre for Growth and DevelopmentAuckland, New Zealand
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13
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Loviso CL, Lozada M, Guibert LM, Musumeci MA, Sarango Cardenas S, Kuin RV, Marcos MS, Dionisi HM. Metagenomics reveals the high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degradation potential of abundant uncultured bacteria from chronically polluted subantarctic and temperate coastal marine environments. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:411-24. [PMID: 25968322 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the potential to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of yet-to-be-cultured bacterial populations from chronically polluted intertidal sediments. METHODS AND RESULTS A gene variant encoding the alpha subunit of the catalytic component of an aromatic-ring-hydroxylating oxygenase (RHO) was abundant in intertidal sediments from chronically polluted subantarctic and temperate coastal environments, and its abundance increased after PAH amendment. Conversely, this marker gene was not detected in sediments from a nonimpacted site, even after a short-term PAH exposure. A metagenomic fragment carrying this gene variant was identified in a fosmid library of subantarctic sediments. This fragment contained five pairs of alpha and beta subunit genes and a lone alpha subunit gene of oxygenases, classified as belonging to three different RHO functional classes. In silico structural analysis suggested that two of these oxygenases contain large substrate-binding pockets, capable of accepting high molecular weight PAHs. CONCLUSIONS The identified uncultured micro-organism presents the potential to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons with various chemical structures, and could represent an important member of the PAH-degrading community in these polluted coastal environments. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This work provides valuable information for the design of environmental molecular diagnostic tools and for the biotechnological application of RHO enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Loviso
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - M Lozada
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - L M Guibert
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - M A Musumeci
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - S Sarango Cardenas
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - R V Kuin
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - M S Marcos
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - H M Dionisi
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Ambiental, Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR CENPAT-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
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14
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Abstract
One of the major questions in microbial ecology is "who is there?" This question can be answered using various tools, but one of the long-lasting gold standards is to sequence 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicons generated by domain-level PCR reactions amplifying from genomic DNA. Traditionally, this was performed by cloning and Sanger (capillary electrophoresis) sequencing of PCR amplicons. The advent of next-generation sequencing has tremendously simplified and increased the sequencing depth for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The introduction of benchtop sequencers now allows small labs to perform their 16S rRNA sequencing in-house in a matter of days. Here, an approach for 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using a benchtop next-generation sequencer is detailed. The environmental DNA is first amplified by PCR using primers that contain sequencing adapters and barcodes. They are then coupled to spherical particles via emulsion PCR. The particles are loaded on a disposable chip and the chip is inserted in the sequencing machine after which the sequencing is performed. The sequences are retrieved in fastq format, filtered and the barcodes are used to establish the sample membership of the reads. The filtered and binned reads are then further analyzed using publically available tools. An example analysis where the reads were classified with a taxonomy-finding algorithm within the software package Mothur is given. The method outlined here is simple, inexpensive and straightforward and should help smaller labs to take advantage from the ongoing genomic revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Etienne Yergeau
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada;
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15
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Minas K, McEwan NR, Newbold CJ, Scott KP. Optimization of a high-throughput CTAB-based protocol for the extraction of qPCR-grade DNA from rumen fluid, plant and bacterial pure cultures. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2011; 325:162-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Minas
- Institute for Innovation Design and Sustainability; Robert Gordon University; Aberdeen; UK
| | - Neil R. McEwan
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences; Aberystwyth University; Aberystwyth; UK
| | - Charles Jamie Newbold
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences; Aberystwyth University; Aberystwyth; UK
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16
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Lucero ME, Unc A, Cooke P, Dowd S, Sun S. Endophyte microbiome diversity in micropropagated Atriplex canescens and Atriplex torreyi var griffithsii. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17693. [PMID: 21437280 PMCID: PMC3060086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial diversity associated with micropropagated Atriplex species was assessed using microscopy, isolate culturing, and sequencing. Light, electron, and confocal microscopy revealed microbial cells in aseptically regenerated leaves and roots. Clone libraries and tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing (TEFAP) analysis amplified sequences from callus homologous to diverse fungal and bacterial taxa. Culturing isolated some seed borne endophyte taxa which could be readily propagated apart from the host. Microbial cells were observed within biofilm-like residues associated with plant cell surfaces and intercellular spaces. Various universal primers amplified both plant and microbial sequences, with different primers revealing different patterns of fungal diversity. Bacterial and fungal TEFAP followed by alignment with sequences from curated databases revealed 7 bacterial and 17 ascomycete taxa in A. canescens, and 5 bacterial taxa in A. torreyi. Additional diversity was observed among isolates and clone libraries. Micropropagated Atriplex retains a complex, intimately associated microbiome which includes diverse strains well poised to interact in manners that influence host physiology. Microbiome analysis was facilitated by high throughput sequencing methods, but primer biases continue to limit recovery of diverse sequences from even moderately complex communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Lucero
- Jornada Experimental Range, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America.
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17
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Bohus V, Tóth EM, Székely AJ, Makk J, Baranyi K, Patek G, Schunk J, Márialigeti K. Microbiological investigation of an industrial ultra pure supply water plant using cultivation-based and cultivation-independent methods. WATER RESEARCH 2010; 44:6124-6132. [PMID: 20667579 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ultra pure waters (UPW), characterized by extremely low salt and nutrient concentrations, can suffer from microbial contamination which causes biofouling and biocorrosion, possibly leading to reduced lifetime and increased operational costs. Samples were taken from an ultra pure supply water producing plant of a power plant. Scanning electron microscopic examination was carried out on the biofilms formed in the system. Biofilm, ion exchange resin, and water samples were characterized by culture-based methods and molecular fingerprinting (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism [T-RFLP] analysis and molecular cloning). Identification of bacteria was based on 16S rDNA sequence comparison. A complex microbial community structure was revealed. Nearly 46% of the clones were related to as yet uncultured bacteria. The community profiles of the water samples were the most diverse and most of bacteria were recruited from bacterial communities of tube surface and ion exchange resin biofilms. Microbiota of different layers of the mixed bed ion exchange resin showed the highest similarity. Most of the identified taxa (dominated by β-Proteobacteria) could take part in microbially influenced corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Bohus
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. stny. 1/c, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
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18
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Response of microbial community structure to microbial plugging in a mesothermic petroleum reservoir in China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 88:1413-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Molecular Analysis of Bacterial Community DNA in Sludge Undergoing Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion (ATAD): Pitfalls and Improved Methodology to Enhance Diversity Recovery. DIVERSITY-BASEL 2010. [DOI: 10.3390/d2040505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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