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Lin SS, Su YA, Chuang MC, Liu YW. Probing invadosomes: technologies for the analysis of invadosomes. FEBS J 2021; 289:5850-5863. [PMID: 34196119 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Invadosomes are protrusive and mechanosensitive actin devices critical for cell migration, invasion, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The dynamic, proteolytic, and protrusive natures of invadosomes have made these structures fascinating and attracted many scientists to develop new technologies for their analysis. With these exciting methodologies, many biochemical and biophysical properties of invadosomes have been well characterized and appreciated, and those discoveries elegantly explained the biological and pathological effects of invadosomes in human health and diseases. In this review, we focus on these commonly used or newly developed methods for invadosome analysis and effort to reason some discrepancies among those assays. Finally, we explore the opposite regulatory mechanisms among invadosomes and focal adhesions, another actin-rich adhesive structures, and speculate a potential rule for their switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-An Su
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Chuang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Tsai CL, Hung SL, Lee YY, Ho YC, Yang SF. The role of fibroblasts in the modulation of dental pulp inflammation. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:342-349. [PMID: 34049758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Dental pulp fibroblasts can protect dental pulp from microbial invasion. However, little is known about the interaction between pulp fibroblasts and the immune cells. In this study, the production of proinflammatory cytokines related to inflammatory cell recruitment was evaluated in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated human dental pulp fibroblasts (HDPFs). The role of TNF-α-stimulated HDPFs in the cell fusion under inflammatory process was determined with the cell co-culture with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS HDPFs were stimulated with various concentrations of TNF-α, and the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 was analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. TNF-α-treated HDPFs were co-cultured with PBMCs for 21 days, and characteristics of cell differentiation were assessed. RESULTS TNF-α induced IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 production in HDPFs. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1, M-CSF and OPG were significantly increased in TNF-α-treated HDPFs. Co-culture of TNF-α-treated HDPFs and PBMCs stimulated formation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells, and the F-actin rings were observed in these multinucleated cells. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that under the stimulation of TNF-α, HDPFs may amplify inflammatory response by cytokines production, which in turn can modulate the differentiation of immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Lun Tsai
- Division of Endodontics and Periodontology, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Ling Hung
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Lee
- Division of Endodontics and Periodontology, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Ho
- Division of Endodontics and Periodontology, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shue-Fen Yang
- Division of Endodontics and Periodontology, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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3
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Heib T, Hermanns HM, Manukjan G, Englert M, Kusch C, Becker IC, Gerber A, Wackerbarth LM, Burkard P, Dandekar T, Balkenhol J, Jahn D, Beck S, Meub M, Dütting S, Stigloher C, Sauer M, Cherpokova D, Schulze H, Brakebusch C, Nieswandt B, Nagy Z, Pleines I. RhoA/Cdc42 signaling drives cytoplasmic maturation but not endomitosis in megakaryocytes. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109102. [PMID: 33979620 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs), the precursors of blood platelets, are large, polyploid cells residing mainly in the bone marrow. We have previously shown that balanced signaling of the Rho GTPases RhoA and Cdc42 is critical for correct MK localization at bone marrow sinusoids in vivo. Using conditional RhoA/Cdc42 double-knockout (DKO) mice, we reveal here that RhoA/Cdc42 signaling is dispensable for the process of polyploidization in MKs but essential for cytoplasmic MK maturation. Proplatelet formation is virtually abrogated in the absence of RhoA/Cdc42 and leads to severe macrothrombocytopenia in DKO animals. The MK maturation defect is associated with downregulation of myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) and β1-tubulin, as well as an upregulation of LIM kinase 1 and cofilin-1 at both the mRNA and protein level and can be linked to impaired MKL1/SRF signaling. Our findings demonstrate that MK endomitosis and cytoplasmic maturation are separately regulated processes, and the latter is critically controlled by RhoA/Cdc42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heib
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike M Hermanns
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hepatology Research Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georgi Manukjan
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Englert
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Charly Kusch
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Carlotta Becker
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Annika Gerber
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lou Martha Wackerbarth
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Burkard
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Balkenhol
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hepatology Research Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Jahn
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hepatology Research Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Beck
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mara Meub
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dütting
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Stigloher
- Imaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Deya Cherpokova
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Harald Schulze
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cord Brakebusch
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Zoltan Nagy
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Irina Pleines
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
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4
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Klose M, Scheungrab M, Luckner M, Wanner G, Linder S. FIB-SEM-based analysis of Borrelia intracellular processing by human macrophages. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs252320. [PMID: 33380490 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.252320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, a multisystemic disorder affecting primarily skin, joints and nervous system. Successful internalization and intracellular processing of borreliae by immune cells, like macrophages, is decisive for the outcome of a respective infection. Here, we use, for the first time, focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy tomography (FIB-SEM tomography) to visualize the interaction of borreliae with primary human macrophages with high resolution. We report that interaction between macrophages and the elongated and highly motile borreliae can lead to formation of membrane tunnels that extend deeper into the host cytoplasm than the actual phagosome, most probably as a result of partial extrication of captured borreliae. We also show that membrane tubulation at borreliae-containing phagosomes, a process suggested earlier as a mechanism leading to phagosome compaction but hard to visualize in live-cell imaging, is apparently a frequent phenomenon. Finally, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms multiple STIM1-positive contact sites with both membrane tunnels and phagosome tubulations, confirming the important role of the ER during uptake and intracellular processing of borreliae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Klose
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Manja Luckner
- Biozentrum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wanner
- Biozentrum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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5
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Lukácsi S, Gerecsei T, Balázs K, Francz B, Szabó B, Erdei A, Bajtay Z. The differential role of CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and CR4 (CD11c/CD18) in the adherence, migration and podosome formation of human macrophages and dendritic cells under inflammatory conditions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232432. [PMID: 32365067 PMCID: PMC7197861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CR3 and CR4, the leukocyte specific β2-integrins, involved in cellular adherence, migration and phagocytosis, are often assumed to have similar functions. Previously however, we proved that under physiological conditions CR4 is dominant in the adhesion to fibrinogen of human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and dendritic cells (MDDCs). Here, using inflammatory conditions, we provide further evidence that the expression and function of CR3 and CR4 are not identical in these cell types. We found that LPS treatment changes their expression differently on MDMs and MDDCs, suggesting a cell type specific regulation. Using mAb24, specific for the high affinity conformation of CD18, we proved that the activation and recycling of β2-integrins is significantly enhanced upon LPS treatment. Adherence to fibrinogen was assessed by two fundamentally different approaches: a classical adhesion assay and a computer-controlled micropipette, capable of measuring adhesion strength. While both receptors participated in adhesion, we demonstrated that CR4 exerts a dominant role in the strong attachment of MDDCs. Studying the formation of podosomes we found that MDMs retain podosome formation after LPS activation, whereas MDDCs lose this ability, resulting in a significantly reduced adhesion force and an altered cellular distribution of CR3 and CR4. Our results suggest that inflammatory conditions reshape differentially the expression and role of CR3 and CR4 in macrophages and dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Lukácsi
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Gerecsei
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Nanobiosensorics “Lendület” Group, Institute of Technical Physics and Material Sciences, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Balázs
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Bálint Szabó
- Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- CellSorter Company for Innovations, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Erdei
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Bajtay
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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6
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Herzog R, van den Dries K, Cervero P, Linder S. Poji: a Fiji-based tool for analysis of podosomes and associated proteins. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs238964. [PMID: 32152182 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.238964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Podosomes are actin-based adhesion and invasion structures in a variety of cell types, with podosome-forming cells displaying up to several hundreds of these structures. Podosome number, distribution and composition can be affected by experimental treatments or during regular turnover, necessitating a tool that is able to detect even subtle differences in podosomal properties. Here, we present a Fiji-based macro code termed 'Poji' ('podosome analysis by Fiji'), which serves as an easy-to-use tool to characterize a variety of cellular and podosomal parameters, including area, fluorescence intensity, relative enrichment of associated proteins and radial podosome intensity profiles. This tool should be useful to gain more detailed insight into the regulation, architecture and functions of podosomes. Moreover, we show that Poji is easily adaptable for the analysis of invadopodia and associated extracellular matrix degradation, and likely also of other micron-size punctate structures. This article describes the workflow of the Poji macro, presents several examples of its applications, and also points out limitations, as well as respective solutions, and adaptable features to streamline the analysis.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Herzog
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Koen van den Dries
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pasquale Cervero
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Rafiq NBM, Grenci G, Lim CK, Kozlov MM, Jones GE, Viasnoff V, Bershadsky AD. Forces and constraints controlling podosome assembly and disassembly. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20180228. [PMID: 31431172 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Podosomes are a singular category of integrin-mediated adhesions important in the processes of cell migration, matrix degradation and cancer cell invasion. Despite a wealth of biochemical studies, the effects of mechanical forces on podosome integrity and dynamics are poorly understood. Here, we show that podosomes are highly sensitive to two groups of physical factors. First, we describe the process of podosome disassembly induced by activation of myosin-IIA filament assembly. Next, we find that podosome integrity and dynamics depends upon membrane tension and can be experimentally perturbed by osmotic swelling and deoxycholate treatment. We have also found that podosomes can be disrupted in a reversible manner by single or cyclic radial stretching of the substratum. We show that disruption of podosomes induced by osmotic swelling is independent of myosin-II filaments. The inhibition of the membrane sculpting protein, dynamin-II, but not clathrin, resulted in activation of myosin-IIA filament formation and disruption of podosomes. The effect of dynamin-II inhibition on podosomes was, however, independent of myosin-II filaments. Moreover, formation of organized arrays of podosomes in response to microtopographic cues (the ridges with triangular profile) was not accompanied by reorganization of myosin-II filaments. Thus, mechanical elements such as myosin-II filaments and factors affecting membrane tension/sculpting independently modulate podosome formation and dynamics, underlying a versatile response of these adhesion structures to intracellular and extracellular cues. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Forces in cancer: interdisciplinary approaches in tumour mechanobiology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Bte Mohd Rafiq
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore.,Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Gianluca Grenci
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore.,Biomedical Engineering Department, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Republic of Singapore
| | - Cheng Kai Lim
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore
| | - Michael M Kozlov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gareth E Jones
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Virgile Viasnoff
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore.,CNRS UMI 3639, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Alexander D Bershadsky
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Republic of Singapore.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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8
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Cabron AS, El Azzouzi K, Boss M, Arnold P, Schwarz J, Rosas M, Dobert JP, Pavlenko E, Schumacher N, Renné T, Taylor PR, Linder S, Rose-John S, Zunke F. Structural and Functional Analyses of the Shedding Protease ADAM17 in HoxB8-Immortalized Macrophages and Dendritic-like Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 201:3106-3118. [PMID: 30355783 PMCID: PMC6215251 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17 has been implicated in many shedding processes. Major substrates of ADAM17 are TNF-α, IL-6R, and ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor. The essential role of the protease is emphasized by the fact that ADAM17 deficiency is lethal in mice. To study ADAM17 function in vivo, we generated viable hypomorphic ADAM17 mice called ADAM17ex/ex mice. Recent studies indicated regulation of proteolytic ADAM17 activity by cellular processes such as cytoplasmic phosphorylation and removal of the prodomain by furin cleavage. Maturation and thus activation of ADAM17 is not fully understood. So far, studies of ADAM17 maturation have been mainly limited to mouse embryonic fibroblasts or transfected cell lines relying on nonphysiologic stimuli such as phorbol esters, thus making interpretation of the results difficult in a physiologic context. In this article, we present a robust cell system to study ADAM17 maturation and function in primary cells of the immune system. To this end, HoxB8 conditionally immortalized macrophage precursor cell lines were derived from bone marrow of wild-type and hypomorphic ADAM17ex/ex mice, which are devoid of measurable ADAM17 activity. ADAM17 mutants were stably expressed in macrophage precursor cells, differentiated to macrophages under different growth factor conditions (M-CSF versus GM-CSF), and analyzed for cellular localization, proteolytic activity, and podosome disassembly. Our study reveals maturation and activity of ADAM17 in a more physiological-immune cell system. We show that this cell system can be further exploited for genetic modifications of ADAM17 and for studying its function in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Cabron
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Karim El Azzouzi
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philipp Arnold
- Institute of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schwarz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcela Rosas
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Jan Philipp Dobert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Egor Pavlenko
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Neele Schumacher
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Renné
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Solna, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; and
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Friederike Zunke
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany;
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9
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Lymphocyte-specific protein 1 regulates mechanosensory oscillation of podosomes and actin isoform-based actomyosin symmetry breaking. Nat Commun 2018; 9:515. [PMID: 29410425 PMCID: PMC5802837 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcellular fine-tuning of the actomyosin cytoskeleton is a prerequisite for polarized cell migration. We identify LSP (lymphocyte-specific protein) 1 as a critical regulator of actomyosin contractility in primary macrophages. LSP1 regulates adhesion and migration, including the parameters cell area and speed, and also podosome turnover, oscillation and protrusive force. LSP1 recruits myosin IIA and its regulators, including myosin light chain kinase and calmodulin, and competes with supervillin, a myosin hyperactivator, for myosin regulators, and for actin isoforms, notably β-actin. Actin isoforms are anisotropically distributed in myosin IIA-expressing macrophages, and contribute to the differential recruitment of LSP1 and supervillin, thus enabling an actomyosin symmetry break, analogous to the situation in cells expressing two myosin II isoforms. Collectively, these results show that the cellular pattern of actin isoforms builds the basis for the differential distribution of two actomyosin machineries with distinct properties, leading to the establishment of discrete zones of actomyosin contractility. The actomyosin cytoskeleton plays an important role in polarised cell migration. Here the authors identify lymphocyte-specific protein (LSP)-1 as a regulator of actomyosin contractility in macrophages, by competing with supervillin for myosin IIA activators acting specifically on the β-actin isoform.
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10
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Wollny D, Zhao S, Everlien I, Lun X, Brunken J, Brüne D, Ziebell F, Tabansky I, Weichert W, Marciniak-Czochra A, Martin-Villalba A. Single-Cell Analysis Uncovers Clonal Acinar Cell Heterogeneity in the Adult Pancreas. Dev Cell 2016; 39:289-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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11
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El Azzouzi K, Wiesner C, Linder S. Metalloproteinase MT1-MMP islets act as memory devices for podosome reemergence. J Cell Biol 2016; 213:109-25. [PMID: 27069022 PMCID: PMC4828691 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201510043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors find that matrix metalloproteinase MT1-MMP is enriched at the plasma membrane of macrophage podosomes, where it persists beyond podosome lifetime and, through binding to the subcortical actin cytoskeleton, forms subcellular signposts that facilitate podosome reformation. Podosomes are dynamic cell adhesions that are also sites of extracellular matrix degradation, through recruitment of matrix-lytic enzymes, particularly of matrix metalloproteinases. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we show that the membrane-bound metalloproteinase MT1-MMP is enriched not only at podosomes but also at distinct “islets” embedded in the plasma membrane of primary human macrophages. MT1-MMP islets become apparent upon podosome dissolution and persist beyond podosome lifetime. Importantly, the majority of MT1-MMP islets are reused as sites of podosome reemergence. siRNA-mediated knockdown and recomplementation analyses show that islet formation is based on the cytoplasmic tail of MT1-MMP and its ability to bind the subcortical actin cytoskeleton. Collectively, our data reveal a previously unrecognized phase in the podosome life cycle and identify a structural function of MT1-MMP that is independent of its proteolytic activity. MT1-MMP islets thus act as cellular memory devices that enable efficient and localized reformation of podosomes, ensuring coordinated matrix degradation and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim El Azzouzi
- Institut für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Wiesner
- Institut für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institut für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Virologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle uptake alters M2 macrophage phenotype, iron metabolism, migration and invasion. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1127-1138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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Mulens-Arias V, Rojas JM, Pérez-Yagüe S, Morales MDP, Barber DF. Polyethylenimine-coated SPION exhibits potential intrinsic anti-metastatic properties inhibiting migration and invasion of pancreatic tumor cells. J Control Release 2015; 216:78-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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van den Dries K, Bolomini-Vittori M, Cambi A. Spatiotemporal organization and mechanosensory function of podosomes. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 8:268-72. [PMID: 24658050 DOI: 10.4161/cam.28182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Podosomes are small, circular adhesions formed by cells such as osteoclasts, macrophages, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells. They comprise a protrusive actin core module and an adhesive ring module composed of integrins and cytoskeletal adaptor proteins such as vinculin and talin. Furthermore, podosomes are associated with an actin network and often organize into large clusters. Recent results from our laboratory and others have shed new light on podosome structure and dynamics, suggesting a revision of the classical "core-ring" model. Also, these studies demonstrate that the adhesive and protrusive module are functionally linked by the actin network likely facilitating mechanotransduction as well as providing feedback between these two modules. In this commentary, we briefly summarize these recent advances with respect to the knowledge on podosome structure and discuss force distribution mechanisms within podosomes and their emerging role in mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen van den Dries
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Bolomini-Vittori
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Cambi
- Department of Tumor Immunology; Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center; Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Nanobiophysics; MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine; University of Twente; Enschede, The Netherlands
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15
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Wiesner C, Le-Cabec V, El Azzouzi K, Maridonneau-Parini I, Linder S. Podosomes in space: macrophage migration and matrix degradation in 2D and 3D settings. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 8:179-91. [PMID: 24713854 DOI: 10.4161/cam.28116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Migration of macrophages is a key process for a variety of physiological functions, such as pathogen clearance or tissue homeostasis. However, it can also be part of pathological scenarios, as in the case of tumor-associated macrophages. This review presents an overview of the different migration modes macrophages can adopt, depending on the physical and chemical properties of specific environments, and the constraints they impose upon cells. We discuss the importance of these environmental and also of cellular parameters, as well as their relative impact on macrophage migration and on the formation of matrix-lytic podosomes in 2D and 3D. Moreover, we present an overview of routinely used and also newly developed assays for the study of macrophage migration in both 2D and 3D contexts, their respective advantages and limitations, and also their potential to reliably mimic in vivo situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Wiesner
- Institute for Medical Microbiology; Virology and Hygiene; University Medical Center Eppendorf; Hamburg, Germany
| | - Véronique Le-Cabec
- CNRS UMR 5089; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), BP64182, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France; Université de Toulouse; UPS; IPBS; F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Karim El Azzouzi
- Institute for Medical Microbiology; Virology and Hygiene; University Medical Center Eppendorf; Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini
- CNRS UMR 5089; IPBS (Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale), BP64182, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France; Université de Toulouse; UPS; IPBS; F-31077 Toulouse, France; These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology; Virology and Hygiene; University Medical Center Eppendorf; Hamburg, Germany; These authors contributed equally to this work
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Mulens-Arias V, Rojas JM, Pérez-Yagüe S, Morales MP, Barber DF. Polyethylenimine-coated SPIONs trigger macrophage activation through TLR-4 signaling and ROS production and modulate podosome dynamics. Biomaterials 2015; 52:494-506. [PMID: 25818455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylenimine (PEI) is widely used as transfection agent in preclinical studies, both in vitro and in vivo. Due to their unique chemical and physical properties, SPIONs (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) have been thoroughly studied as nanocarriers. PEI appears to activate different immune cells to an inflammatory response (M1/TH1), whereas the SPION-induced response seems to be context-dependent; the immunogenicity of the combination of these components has not been studied. Here we show that PEI-coated SPIONs (PMag) activate macrophages, as determined by measuring IL-12 secretion into culture medium and upregulation of several genes linked to the M1 phenotype. PMag-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, p44/p42 MAPK and JNK, and upregulation of CD40, CD80, CD86 and I-A/I-E activation markers. PMag-induced macrophage activation depended partially on TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) signaling. Comparison of these responses with the LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-induced phenotype showed differences in gene expression profiling. PMag positively modulated podosome formation in murine macrophages, but hampered gelatin degradation by these cells. In conclusion, PMag induced an M1-like phenotype that was partially dependent on both TLR4 and ROS. These results show the adjuvant potential of PMag and suggest their use in vaccination schedules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Mulens-Arias
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rojas
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Pérez-Yagüe
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María P Morales
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioinspired Materials, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM)/CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Domingo F Barber
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; NanoBiomedicine Initiative, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Linder S, Wiesner C. Tools of the trade: podosomes as multipurpose organelles of monocytic cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:121-35. [PMID: 25300510 PMCID: PMC11113205 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Podosomes are adhesion and invasion structures that are particularly prominent in cells of the monocytic lineage such as macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts. They are multifunctional organelles that combine several key abilities required for cell migration and invasion. The podosome repertoire includes well-established functions such as cell-substrate adhesion, and extracellular matrix degradation, recently discovered abilities such as rigidity and topology sensing as well as antigen sampling, and also more speculative functions such as cell protrusion stabilization and transmigration. Collectively, podosomes not only enable dynamic interactions of cells with their surroundings, they also gather information about the pericellular environment, and are actively involved in its reshaping. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge on podosome composition, architecture, and regulation. We focus in particular on the growing list of podosome functions and discuss the specific properties of podosomes in macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts. Moreover, this article highlights podosome-related intracellular transport processes, the formation of podosomes in 3D environments as well as potentially podosome-associated diseases involving monocytic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Linder
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany,
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18
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Microtubule acetylation regulates dynamics of KIF1C-powered vesicles and contact of microtubule plus ends with podosomes. Eur J Cell Biol 2014; 93:424-37. [PMID: 25151635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2014.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule dynamics are important for a variety of key cellular functions such as intracellular trafficking, adjustment of the cell surface proteome, or adhesion structure turnover. In the current study, we investigate the effects of altered microtubule acetylation levels on the subcellular distribution of kinesins and actin cytoskeletal architecture in primary human macrophages. Microtubule acetylation was altered by overexpression or siRNA-induced depletion of the acetylase MEC-17, or by blocking α-tubulin deacetylation by addition of the inhibitor tubacin. We show that microtubule acetylation influences the subcellular distribution of vesicles associated with the kinesin KIF1C, as well as their directionality, velocity and run length. Moreover, tubulin acetylation alters the targeting frequency of microtubule plus ends on podosomes and influences the number of podosomes per cell and thus the matrix-degrading capacity of macrophages. Collectively, our results point to α-tubulin acetylation as an important modification that impacts on kinesin vesicle dynamics, actin cytoskeletal architecture and cellular function of macrophages.
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Hanna S, Miskolci V, Cox D, Hodgson L. A new genetically encoded single-chain biosensor for Cdc42 based on FRET, useful for live-cell imaging. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96469. [PMID: 24798463 PMCID: PMC4010534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cdc42 is critical in a myriad of cellular morphogenic processes, requiring precisely regulated activation dynamics to affect specific cellular events. To facilitate direct observations of Cdc42 activation in live cells, we developed and validated a new biosensor of Cdc42 activation. The biosensor is genetically encoded, of single-chain design and capable of correctly localizing to membrane compartments as well as interacting with its upstream regulators including the guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor. We characterized this new biosensor in motile mouse embryonic fibroblasts and observed robust activation dynamics at leading edge protrusions, similar to those previously observed for endogenous Cdc42 using the organic dye-based biosensor system. We then extended our validations and observations of Cdc42 activity to macrophages, and show that this new biosensor is able to detect differential activation patterns during phagocytosis and cytokine stimulation. Furthermore, we observe for the first time, a highly transient and localized activation of Cdc42 during podosome formation in macrophages, which was previously hypothesized but never directly visualized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Hanna
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Veronika Miskolci
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Dianne Cox
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LH); (DC)
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LH); (DC)
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