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Domoto-Reilly K, Distad BJ, Miller DE, Lin YH, Ivanick D, Warren AS, Jayadev S, Latimer CS. Clinicopathologic Characterization of 2 Individuals With TBK1 Variants-1 Novel Splice Variant, 2 Proteinopathies: A Case Series. Neurol Genet 2024; 10:e200173. [PMID: 39055961 PMCID: PMC11270891 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Here, we report detailed clinicopathologic evaluation of 2 individuals with pathogenic variants in TBK1, including one novel likely pathogenic splice variant. We describe the striking diversity of clinical phenotypes among family members and also the brain and spinal cord neuropathology associated with these 2 distinct TBK1 variants. Methods Two individuals with pathogenic variants in TBK1 and their families were clinically characterized, and the probands subsequently underwent extensive postmortem neuropathologic examination of their brains and spinal cords. Results Multiple affected individuals within a single family were found to carry a previously unreported c.358+3A>G variant, predicted to alter splicing. Detailed histopathologic evaluation of our 2 TBK1 variant carriers demonstrated distinct TDP-43 pathologic subtypes, but shared argyrophilic grain disease (AGD) tau pathology. Discussion Although all pathogenic TBK1 variants are associated with TDP-43 pathology, the clinical and histologic features can be highly variable. Within one family, we describe distinct neurologic presentations which we propose are all caused by a novel c.358+3A>G variant. AGD is typically associated with older age, but it has been described as a copathologic finding in other TBK1 variant carriers and may be a common feature in FTLD-TDP due to TBK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Domoto-Reilly
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
| | - B Jane Distad
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
| | - Danny E Miller
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
| | - Yi-Han Lin
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
| | - David Ivanick
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
| | - Andrew S Warren
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
| | - Suman Jayadev
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
| | - Caitlin S Latimer
- From the Department of Neurology (K.D.-R., B.J.D., Y.L., S.J.); Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (D.E.M.); Department of Pediatrics (D.E.M.); Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (D.E.M.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurology (D.I.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; College of Osteopathic Medicine (A.S.W.), Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences, Yakima, WA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (S.J., C.S.L.); and Department of Medical Genetics (S.J.), University of Washington
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Woodworth DC, Nguyen KM, Sordo L, Scambray KA, Head E, Kawas CH, Corrada MM, Nelson PT, Sajjadi SA. Comprehensive assessment of TDP-43 neuropathology data in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:103. [PMID: 38896163 PMCID: PMC11186885 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02728-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
TDP-43 proteinopathy is a salient neuropathologic feature in a subset of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP), in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS-TDP), and in limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC), and is associated with hippocampal sclerosis of aging (HS-A). We examined TDP-43-related pathology data in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) in two parts: (I) availability of assessments, and (II) associations with clinical diagnoses and other neuropathologies in those with all TDP-43 measures available. Part I: Of 4326 participants with neuropathology data collected using forms that included TDP-43 assessments, data availability was highest for HS-A (97%) and ALS (94%), followed by FTLD-TDP (83%). Regional TDP-43 pathologic assessment was available for 77% of participants, with hippocampus the most common region. Availability for the TDP-43-related measures increased over time, and was higher in centers with high proportions of participants with clinical FTLD. Part II: In 2142 participants with all TDP-43-related assessments available, 27% of participants had LATE-NC, whereas ALS-TDP or FTLD-TDP (ALS/FTLD-TDP) was present in 9% of participants, and 2% of participants had TDP-43 related to other pathologies ("Other TDP-43"). HS-A was present in 14% of participants, of whom 55% had LATE-NC, 20% ASL/FTLD-TDP, 3% Other TDP-43, and 23% no TDP-43. LATE-NC, ALS/FTLD-TDP, and Other TDP-43, were each associated with higher odds of dementia, HS-A, and hippocampal atrophy, compared to those without TDP-43 pathology. LATE-NC was associated with higher odds for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical diagnosis, AD neuropathologic change (ADNC), Lewy bodies, arteriolosclerosis, and cortical atrophy. ALS/FTLD-TDP was associated with higher odds of clinical diagnoses of primary progressive aphasia and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia, and cortical/frontotemporal lobar atrophy. When using NACC data for TDP-43-related analyses, researchers should carefully consider the incomplete availability of the different regional TDP-43 assessments, the high frequency of participants with ALS/FTLD-TDP, and the presence of other forms of TDP-43 pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis C Woodworth
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Office 364, Med Surge II Building, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Katelynn M Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Office 364, Med Surge II Building, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lorena Sordo
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kiana A Scambray
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Office 364, Med Surge II Building, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Head
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Claudia H Kawas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Office 364, Med Surge II Building, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - María M Corrada
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Office 364, Med Surge II Building, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Peter T Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - S Ahmad Sajjadi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Office 364, Med Surge II Building, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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Carmen-Orozco RP, Tsao W, Ye Y, Sinha IR, Chang K, Trinh VT, Chung W, Bowden K, Troncoso JC, Blackshaw S, Hayes LR, Sun S, Wong PC, Ling JP. Elevated nuclear TDP-43 induces constitutive exon skipping. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:45. [PMID: 38853250 PMCID: PMC11163724 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoplasmic inclusions and loss of nuclear TDP-43 are key pathological features found in several neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting both gain- and loss-of-function mechanisms of disease. To study gain-of-function, TDP-43 overexpression has been used to generate in vitro and in vivo model systems. METHODS We analyzed RNA-seq datasets from mouse and human neurons overexpressing TDP-43 to explore species specific splicing patterns. We explored the dynamics between TDP-43 levels and exon repression in vitro. Furthermore we analyzed human brain samples and publicly available RNA datasets to explore the relationship between exon repression and disease. RESULTS Our study shows that excessive levels of nuclear TDP-43 protein lead to constitutive exon skipping that is largely species-specific. Furthermore, while aberrant exon skipping is detected in some human brains, it is not correlated with disease, unlike the incorporation of cryptic exons that occurs after loss of TDP-43. CONCLUSIONS Our findings emphasize the need for caution in interpreting TDP-43 overexpression data and stress the importance of controlling for exon skipping when generating models of TDP-43 proteinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogger P Carmen-Orozco
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - William Tsao
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yingzhi Ye
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Irika R Sinha
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Koping Chang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Vickie T Trinh
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - William Chung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Kyra Bowden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Seth Blackshaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Lindsey R Hayes
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Shuying Sun
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Philip C Wong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jonathan P Ling
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Cullinane PW, Wrigley S, Bezerra Parmera J, Valerio F, Millner TO, Shaw K, De Pablo-Fernandez E, Warner TT, Jaunmuktane Z. Pathology of neurodegenerative disease for the general neurologist. Pract Neurol 2024; 24:188-199. [PMID: 38124186 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2023-003988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration refers to progressive dysfunction or loss of selectively vulnerable neurones from brain and spinal cord regions. Despite important advances in fluid and imaging biomarkers, the definitive diagnosis of most neurodegenerative diseases still relies on neuropathological examination. Not only has careful clinicopathological correlation shaped current clinical diagnostic criteria and informed our understanding of the natural history of neurodegenerative diseases, but it has also identified conditions with important public health implications, including variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, iatrogenic amyloid-β and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Neuropathological examination may also point to previously unsuspected genetic diagnoses with potential implications for living relatives. Moreover, detailed neuropathological assessment is crucial for research studies that rely on curated postmortem tissue to investigate the molecular mechanisms responsible for neurodegeneration and for biomarker discovery and validation. This review aims to elucidate the hallmark pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases commonly seen in general neurology clinics, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease; rare but well-known diseases, including progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration and multiple system atrophy and more recently described entities such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy and age-related tau astrogliopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W Cullinane
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Sarah Wrigley
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jacy Bezerra Parmera
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Valerio
- Division of Neuropathology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas O Millner
- Division of Neuropathology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Karen Shaw
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Eduardo De Pablo-Fernandez
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Thomas T Warner
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Zane Jaunmuktane
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Division of Neuropathology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Castellanos Otero P, Todd TW, Shao W, Jones CJ, Huang K, Daughrity LM, Yue M, Sheth U, Gendron TF, Prudencio M, Oskarsson B, Dickson DW, Petrucelli L, Zhang YJ. Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against pathologically phosphorylated TDP-43. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298080. [PMID: 38635657 PMCID: PMC11025846 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Inclusions containing TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) are a pathological hallmark of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). One of the disease-specific features of TDP-43 inclusions is the aberrant phosphorylation of TDP-43 at serines 409/410 (pS409/410). Here, we developed rabbit monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically detect pS409/410-TDP-43 in multiple model systems and FTD/ALS patient samples. Specifically, we identified three mAbs (26H10, 2E9 and 23A1) from spleen B cell clones that exhibit high specificity and sensitivity to pS409/410-TDP-43 peptides in an ELISA assay. Biochemical analyses revealed that pS409/410 of recombinant TDP-43 and of exogenous 25 kDa TDP-43 C-terminal fragments in cultured HEK293T cells are detected by all three mAbs. Moreover, the mAbs detect pS409/410-positive TDP-43 inclusions in the brains of FTD/ALS patients and mouse models of TDP-43 proteinopathy by immunohistochemistry. Our findings indicate that these mAbs are a valuable resource for investigating TDP-43 pathology both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiffany W. Todd
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Caroline J. Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kexin Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lillian M. Daughrity
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mei Yue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Udit Sheth
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Tania F. Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Mercedes Prudencio
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Björn Oskarsson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- Neurobiology of Disease Graduate Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
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Ohm DT, Xie SX, Capp N, Arezoumandan S, Cousins KAQ, Rascovsky K, Wolk DA, Van Deerlin VM, Lee EB, McMillan CT, Irwin DJ. Cytoarchitectonic gradients of laminar degeneration in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.05.588259. [PMID: 38644997 PMCID: PMC11030243 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.05.588259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a clinical syndrome primarily caused by either tau (bvFTD-tau) or TDP-43 (bvFTD-TDP) proteinopathies. We previously found lower cortical layers and dorsolateral regions accumulate greater tau than TDP-43 pathology; however, patterns of laminar neurodegeneration across diverse cytoarchitecture in bvFTD is understudied. We hypothesized that bvFTD-tau and bvFTD-TDP have distinct laminar distributions of pyramidal neurodegeneration along cortical gradients, a topologic order of cytoarchitectonic subregions based on increasing pyramidal density and laminar differentiation. Here, we tested this hypothesis in a frontal cortical gradient consisting of five cytoarchitectonic types (i.e., periallocortex, agranular mesocortex, dysgranular mesocortex, eulaminate-I isocortex, eulaminate-II isocortex) spanning anterior cingulate, paracingulate, orbitofrontal, and mid-frontal gyri in bvFTD-tau (n=27), bvFTD-TDP (n=47), and healthy controls (HC; n=32). We immunostained all tissue for total neurons (NeuN; neuronal-nuclear protein) and pyramidal neurons (SMI32; non-phosphorylated neurofilament) and digitally quantified NeuN-immunoreactivity (ir) and SMI32-ir in supragranular II-III, infragranular V-VI, and all I-VI layers in each cytoarchitectonic type. We used linear mixed-effects models adjusted for demographic and biologic variables to compare SMI32-ir between groups and examine relationships with the cortical gradient, long-range pathways, and clinical symptoms. We found regional and laminar distributions of SMI32-ir expected for HC, validating our measures within the cortical gradient framework. While SMI32-ir loss was not related to the cortical gradient in bvFTD-TDP, SMI32-ir progressively decreased along the cortical gradient of bvFTD-tau and included greater SMI32-ir loss in supragranular eulaminate-II isocortex in bvFTD-tau vs bvFTD-TDP ( p =0.039). In a structural model for long-range laminar connectivity between infragranular mesocortex and supragranular isocortex, we found a larger laminar ratio of mesocortex-to-isocortex SMI32-ir in bvFTD-tau vs bvFTD-TDP ( p =0.019), suggesting select long-projecting pathways may contribute to isocortical-predominant degeneration in bvFTD-tau. In cytoarchitectonic types with the highest NeuN-ir, we found lower SMI32-ir in bvFTD-tau vs bvFTD-TDP ( p =0.047), suggesting pyramidal neurodegeneration may occur earlier in bvFTD-tau. Lastly, we found that reduced SMI32-ir related to behavioral severity and frontal-mediated letter fluency, not temporal-mediated confrontation naming, demonstrating the clinical relevance and specificity of frontal pyramidal neurodegeneration to bvFTD-related symptoms. Our data suggest loss of neurofilament-rich pyramidal neurons is a clinically relevant feature of bvFTD that selectively worsens along a frontal cortical gradient in bvFTD-tau, not bvFTD-TDP. Therefore, tau-mediated degeneration may preferentially involve pyramidal-rich layers that connect more distant cytoarchitectonic types. Moreover, the hierarchical arrangement of cytoarchitecture along cortical gradients may be an important neuroanatomical framework for identifying which types of cells and pathways are differentially involved between proteinopathies.
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Morderer D, Wren MC, Liu F, Kouri N, Maistrenko A, Khalil B, Pobitzer N, Salemi M, Phinney BS, Dickson DW, Murray ME, Rossoll W. Probe-dependent Proximity Profiling (ProPPr) Uncovers Similarities and Differences in Phospho-Tau-Associated Proteomes Between Tauopathies. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.25.585597. [PMID: 38585836 PMCID: PMC10996607 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.25.585597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Tauopathies represent a diverse group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the abnormal aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms underlying the complexity of different types of tau pathology remain incompletely understood. Here we describe an approach for proteomic profiling of aggregate-associated proteomes on slides with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue that utilizes proximity labelling upon high preservation of aggregate morphology, which permits the profiling of pathological aggregates regardless of their size. To comprehensively investigate the common and unique protein interactors associated with the variety of tau lesions present across different human tauopathies, Alzheimer's disease (AD), corticobasal degeneration (CBD), Pick's disease (PiD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), were selected to represent the major tauopathy diseases. Implementation of our widely applicable Probe-dependent Proximity Profiling (ProPPr) strategy, using the AT8 antibody, permitted identification and quantification of proteins associated with phospho-tau lesions in well-characterized human post-mortem tissue. The analysis revealed both common and disease-specific proteins associated with phospho-tau aggregates, highlighting potential targets for therapeutic intervention and biomarker development. Candidate validation through high-resolution co-immunofluorescence of distinct aggregates across disease and control cases, confirmed the association of retromer complex protein VPS35 with phospho-tau lesions across the studied tauopathies. Furthermore, we discovered disease-specific associations of proteins including ferritin light chain (FTL) and the neuropeptide precursor VGF within distinct pathological lesions. Notably, examination of FTL-positive microglia in CBD astrocytic plaques indicate a potential role for microglial involvement in the pathogenesis of these tau lesions. Our findings provide valuable insights into the proteomic landscape of tauopathies, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying tau pathology. This first comprehensive characterization of tau-associated proteomes across different tauopathies enhances our understanding of disease heterogeneity and provides a resource for future functional investigation, as well as development of targeted therapies and diagnostic biomarkers.
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8
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Shen T, Vogel JW, Duda J, Phillips JS, Cook PA, Gee J, Elman L, Quinn C, Amado DA, Baer M, Massimo L, Grossman M, Irwin DJ, McMillan CT. Novel data-driven subtypes and stages of brain atrophy in the ALS-FTD spectrum. Transl Neurodegener 2023; 12:57. [PMID: 38062485 PMCID: PMC10701950 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-023-00389-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TDP-43 proteinopathies represent a spectrum of neurological disorders, anchored clinically on either end by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). The ALS-FTD spectrum exhibits a diverse range of clinical presentations with overlapping phenotypes, highlighting its heterogeneity. This study was aimed to use disease progression modeling to identify novel data-driven spatial and temporal subtypes of brain atrophy and its progression in the ALS-FTD spectrum. METHODS We used a data-driven procedure to identify 13 anatomic clusters of brain volume for 57 behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD; with either autopsy-confirmed TDP-43 or TDP-43 proteinopathy-associated genetic variants), 103 ALS, and 47 ALS-FTD patients with likely TDP-43. A Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) model was trained to identify subtypes of individuals along the ALS-FTD spectrum with distinct brain atrophy patterns, and we related subtypes and stages to clinical, genetic, and neuropathological features of disease. RESULTS SuStaIn identified three novel subtypes: two disease subtypes with predominant brain atrophy in either prefrontal/somatomotor regions or limbic-related regions, and a normal-appearing group without obvious brain atrophy. The limbic-predominant subtype tended to present with more impaired cognition, higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in TBK1 and TARDBP genes, and a higher proportion of TDP-43 types B, E and C. In contrast, the prefrontal/somatomotor-predominant subtype had higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in C9orf72 and GRN genes and higher proportion of TDP-43 type A. The normal-appearing brain group showed higher frequency of ALS relative to ALS-FTD and bvFTD patients, higher cognitive capacity, higher proportion of lower motor neuron onset, milder motor symptoms, and lower frequencies of genetic pathogenic variants. The overall SuStaIn stages also correlated with evidence for clinical progression including longer disease duration, higher King's stage, and cognitive decline. Additionally, SuStaIn stages differed across clinical phenotypes, genotypes and types of TDP-43 pathology. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest distinct neurodegenerative subtypes of disease along the ALS-FTD spectrum that can be identified in vivo, each with distinct brain atrophy, clinical, genetic and pathological patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jacob W Vogel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, SciLifeLab, Lund University, 222 42, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey Duda
- Penn Image Computing and Science Lab (PICSL), Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Phillips
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Philip A Cook
- Penn Image Computing and Science Lab (PICSL), Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - James Gee
- Penn Image Computing and Science Lab (PICSL), Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lauren Elman
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Colin Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Defne A Amado
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael Baer
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lauren Massimo
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Murray Grossman
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David J Irwin
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Digital Neuropathology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Corey T McMillan
- Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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9
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Tan RH, McCann H, Shepherd CE, Pinkerton M, Mazumder S, Devenney EM, Adler GL, Rowe DB, Kril J, Halliday GM, Kiernan MC. Heterogeneity of cortical pTDP-43 inclusion morphologies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:180. [PMID: 37957721 PMCID: PMC10642010 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01670-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the presence of significant cortical pTDP-43 inclusions of heterogeneous morphologies in patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), pathological subclassification is routinely performed in the minority of patients with concomitant frontotemporal dementia (FTD). OBJECTIVE In order to improve current understanding of the presence and relevance of pathological pTDP-43 subtypes in ALS, the present study examined the pattern of cortical pTDP-43 aggregates in 61 ALS cases without FTD. RESULTS Based on the presence, morphology and composition of pTDP-43 pathology, three distinct ALS-TDP subtypes were delineated: (1) A predominant pattern of pTDP-43 granulofilamentous neuronal inclusions (GFNIs) and grains that were immuno-negative for p62 was identified in 18% of cases designated ALS-TDP type E; (2) neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) that were immuno-positive for both pTDP-43 and p62 were observed in 67% of cases assigned ALS-TDP type B; and (3) scarce cortical pTDP-43 and p62 aggregates were identified in 15% of cases coined ALS-TDP type SC (scarce cortical). Quantitative analyses revealed a significantly greater burden of pTDP-43 GFNI and grains in ALS-TDP type E. Principal component analysis demonstrated significant relationships between GFNIs, grains and ALS-TDP subtypes to support the distinction of subtypes E and B. No significant difference in age at death or disease duration was found between ALS-TDP subgroups to suggest that these subtypes represent earlier or later stages of the same disease process. Instead, a significantly higher ALS-TDP stage, indicating greater topographical spread of pTDP-43, was identified in ALS-TDP type E. Alzheimer's disease neuropathological change (ABC score ≥ intermediate) and Lewy body disease (Braak stage ≥ IV) was more prevalent in the ALS-TDP type SC cohort, which also demonstrated a significantly lower overall cognitive score. CONCLUSION In summary, the present study demonstrates that ALS-TDP does not represent a single homogenous neuropathology. We propose the subclassification of ALS-TDP into three distinct subtypes using standard immuno-stains for pTDP-43 and p62 in the motor cortex, which is routinely sampled and evaluated for diagnostic neuropathological characterisation of ALS. We propose that future studies specify both clinicopathological group and pTDP-43 subtype to advance current understanding of the pathogenesis of clinical phenotypes in pTDP-43 proteinopathies, which will have significant relevance to the development of targeted therapies for this heterogeneous disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Tan
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Heather McCann
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Monica Pinkerton
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Srestha Mazumder
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma M Devenney
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gabrielle L Adler
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominic B Rowe
- Macquarie University Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jillian Kril
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Dementia Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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10
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Helmold BR, Pauss KE, Ozdinler PH. TDP-43 protein interactome informs about perturbed canonical pathways and may help develop personalized medicine approaches for patients with TDP-43 pathology. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103769. [PMID: 37714405 PMCID: PMC10872580 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) pathology is a common proteinopathy observed among a broad spectrum of patients with neurodegenerative disease, regardless of the mutation. This suggests that protein-protein interactions of TDP-43 with other proteins may in part be responsible for the pathology. To gain better insights, we investigated TDP-43-binding proteins in each domain and correlated these interactions with canonical pathways. These investigations revealed key cellular events that are involved and are important at each domain and suggested previously identified compounds to modulate key aspects of these canonical pathways. Our approach proposes that personalized medicine approaches, which focus on perturbed cellular mechanisms would be feasible in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Helmold
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kate E Pauss
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - P Hande Ozdinler
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60611, USA; Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Feinberg School of Medicine, Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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11
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De Marchi F, Munitic I, Vidatic L, Papić E, Rački V, Nimac J, Jurak I, Novotni G, Rogelj B, Vuletic V, Liscic RM, Cannon JR, Buratti E, Mazzini L, Hecimovic S. Overlapping Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2793. [PMID: 37893165 PMCID: PMC10604382 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many potential immune therapeutic targets are similarly affected in adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's (AD) disease, Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), as well as in a seemingly distinct Niemann-Pick type C disease with primarily juvenile onset. This strongly argues for an overlap in pathogenic mechanisms. The commonly researched immune targets include various immune cell subsets, such as microglia, peripheral macrophages, and regulatory T cells (Tregs); the complement system; and other soluble factors. In this review, we compare these neurodegenerative diseases from a clinical point of view and highlight common pathways and mechanisms of protein aggregation, neurodegeneration, and/or neuroinflammation that could potentially lead to shared treatment strategies for overlapping immune dysfunctions in these diseases. These approaches include but are not limited to immunisation, complement cascade blockade, microbiome regulation, inhibition of signal transduction, Treg boosting, and stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Ivana Munitic
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, R. Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Lea Vidatic
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Eliša Papić
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (E.P.); (V.R.); (V.V.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Valentino Rački
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (E.P.); (V.R.); (V.V.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jerneja Nimac
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.N.); (B.R.)
- Graduate School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Jurak
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, R. Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Gabriela Novotni
- Department of Cognitive Neurology and Neurodegenerative Diseases, University Clinic of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Ss. Cyril and Methodius, 91701 Skoplje, North Macedonia;
| | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.N.); (B.R.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vladimira Vuletic
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (E.P.); (V.R.); (V.V.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Rajka M. Liscic
- Department of Neurology, Sachsenklinik GmbH, Muldentalweg 1, 04828 Bennewitz, Germany;
| | - Jason R. Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Emanuele Buratti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Silva Hecimovic
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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12
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Gittings LM, Alsop EB, Antone J, Singer M, Whitsett TG, Sattler R, Van Keuren-Jensen K. Cryptic exon detection and transcriptomic changes revealed in single-nuclei RNA sequencing of C9ORF72 patients spanning the ALS-FTD spectrum. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:433-450. [PMID: 37466726 PMCID: PMC10412668 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02599-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The C9ORF72-linked diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are characterized by the nuclear depletion and cytoplasmic accumulation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). Recent studies have shown that the loss of TDP-43 function leads to the inclusion of cryptic exons (CE) in several RNA transcript targets of TDP-43. Here, we show for the first time the detection of CEs in a single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) dataset obtained from frontal and occipital cortices of C9ORF72 patients that phenotypically span the ALS-FTD disease spectrum. We assessed each cellular cluster for detection of recently described TDP-43-induced CEs. Transcripts containing CEs in the genes STMN2 and KALRN were detected in the frontal cortex of all C9ORF72 disease groups with the highest frequency in excitatory neurons in the C9ORF72-FTD group. Within the excitatory neurons, the cluster with the highest proportion of cells containing a CE had transcriptomic similarities to von Economo neurons, which are known to be vulnerable to TDP-43 pathology and selectively lost in C9ORF72-FTD. Differential gene expression and pathway analysis of CE-containing neurons revealed multiple dysregulated metabolic processes. Our findings reveal novel insights into the transcriptomic changes of neurons vulnerable to TDP-43 pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Gittings
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Eric B Alsop
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, part of City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jerry Antone
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, part of City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mo Singer
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA
| | - Timothy G Whitsett
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, part of City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Rita Sattler
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Barrow Neurological Institute, 350 W Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ, 85013, USA.
| | - Kendall Van Keuren-Jensen
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, part of City of Hope, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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13
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Nag S, Schneider JA. Limbic-predominant age-related TDP43 encephalopathy (LATE) neuropathological change in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:525-541. [PMID: 37563264 PMCID: PMC10964248 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00846-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) is a focus of research in late-onset dementias. TDP43 pathology in the brain was initially identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and later in Alzheimer disease (AD), other neurodegenerative diseases and ageing. Limbic-predominant age-related TDP43 encephalopathy (LATE), recognized as a clinical entity in 2019, is characterized by amnestic dementia resembling AD dementia and occurring most commonly in adults over 80 years of age. Neuropathological findings in LATE, referred to as LATE neuropathological change (LATE-NC), consist of neuronal and glial cytoplasmic TDP43 localized predominantly in limbic areas with or without coexisting hippocampal sclerosis and/or AD neuropathological change and without frontotemporal lobar degeneration or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathology. LATE-NC is frequently associated with one or more coexisting pathologies, mainly AD neuropathological change. The focus of this Review is the pathology, genetic risk factors and nature of the cognitive impairments and dementia in pure LATE-NC and in LATE-NC associated with coexisting pathologies. As the clinical and cognitive profile of LATE is currently not easily distinguishable from AD dementia, it is important to develop biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of this condition in the clinic. The pathogenesis of LATE-NC should be a focus of future research to form the basis for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukriti Nag
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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14
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Shen T, Vogel JW, Duda J, Phillips JS, Cook PA, Gee J, Elman L, Quinn C, Amado DA, Baer M, Massimo L, Grossman M, Irwin DJ, McMillan CT. Novel data-driven subtypes and stages of brain atrophy in the ALS-FTD spectrum. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3183113. [PMID: 37609205 PMCID: PMC10441467 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3183113/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Background TDP-43 proteinopathies represents a spectrum of neurological disorders, anchored clinically on either end by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). The ALS-FTD spectrum exhibits a diverse range of clinical presentations with overlapping phenotypes, highlighting its heterogeneity. This study aimed to use disease progression modeling to identify novel data-driven spatial and temporal subtypes of brain atrophy and its progression in the ALS-FTD spectrum. Methods We used a data-driven procedure to identify 13 anatomic clusters of brain volumes for 57 behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD; with either autopsy-confirmed TDP-43 or TDP-43 proteinopathy-associated genetic variants), 103 ALS, and 47 ALS-FTD patients with likely TDP-43. A Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) model was trained to identify subtypes of individuals along the ALS-FTD spectrum with distinct brain atrophy patterns, and we related subtypes and stages to clinical, genetic, and neuropathological features of disease. Results SuStaIn identified three novel subtypes: two disease subtypes with predominant brain atrophy either in prefrontal/somatomotor regions or limbic-related regions, and a normal-appearing group without obvious brain atrophy. The Limbic-predominant subtype tended to present with more impaired cognition, higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in TBK1 and TARDBP genes, and a higher proportion of TDP-43 type B, E and C. In contrast, the Prefrontal/Somatomotor-predominant subtype had higher frequencies of pathogenic variants in C9orf72 and GRN genes and higher proportion of TDP-43 type A. The normal-appearing brain group showed higher frequency of ALS relative to ALS-FTD and bvFTD patients, higher cognitive capacity, higher proportion of lower motor neuron onset, milder motor symptoms, and lower frequencies of genetic pathogenic variants. Overall SuStaIn stages also correlated with evidence for clinical progression including longer disease duration, higher King's stage, and cognitive decline. Additionally, SuStaIn stages differed across clinical phenotypes, genotypes and types of TDP-43 pathology. Conclusions Our findings suggest distinct neurodegenerative subtypes of disease along the ALS-FTD spectrum that can be identified in vivo, each with distinct brain atrophy, clinical, genetic and pathological patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | | | - Jeffrey Duda
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | | | - Philip A Cook
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - James Gee
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Lauren Elman
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Colin Quinn
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Defne A Amado
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Michael Baer
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | | | | | - David J Irwin
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
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15
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Grossman M, Seeley WW, Boxer AL, Hillis AE, Knopman DS, Ljubenov PA, Miller B, Piguet O, Rademakers R, Whitwell JL, Zetterberg H, van Swieten JC. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:40. [PMID: 37563165 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is one of the most common causes of early-onset dementia and presents with early social-emotional-behavioural and/or language changes that can be accompanied by a pyramidal or extrapyramidal motor disorder. About 20-25% of individuals with FTLD are estimated to carry a mutation associated with a specific FTLD pathology. The discovery of these mutations has led to important advances in potentially disease-modifying treatments that aim to slow progression or delay disease onset and has improved understanding of brain functioning. In both mutation carriers and those with sporadic disease, the most common underlying diagnoses are linked to neuronal and glial inclusions containing tau (FTLD-tau) or TDP-43 (FTLD-TDP), although 5-10% of patients may have inclusions containing proteins from the FUS-Ewing sarcoma-TAF15 family (FTLD-FET). Biomarkers definitively identifying specific pathological entities in sporadic disease have been elusive, which has impeded development of disease-modifying treatments. Nevertheless, disease-monitoring biofluid and imaging biomarkers are becoming increasingly sophisticated and are likely to serve as useful measures of treatment response during trials of disease-modifying treatments. Symptomatic trials using novel approaches such as transcranial direct current stimulation are also beginning to show promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray Grossman
- Department of Neurology and Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Departments of Neurology and Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Departments of Neurology and Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Peter A Ljubenov
- Departments of Neurology and Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce Miller
- Departments of Neurology and Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Olivier Piguet
- School of Psychology and Brain and Mind Center, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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16
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Jiang X, Gatt A, Lashley T. HnRNP Pathologies in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. Cells 2023; 12:1633. [PMID: 37371103 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second most common form of young-onset (<65 years) dementia. Clinically, it primarily manifests as a disorder of behavioural, executive, and/or language functions. Pathologically, frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is the predominant cause of FTD. FTLD is a proteinopathy, and the main pathological proteins identified so far are tau, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), and fused in sarcoma (FUS). As TDP-43 and FUS are members of the heterogeneous ribonucleic acid protein (hnRNP) family, many studies in recent years have expanded the research on the relationship between other hnRNPs and FTLD pathology. Indeed, these studies provide evidence for an association between hnRNP abnormalities and FTLD. In particular, several studies have shown that multiple hnRNPs may exhibit nuclear depletion and cytoplasmic mislocalisation within neurons in FTLD cases. However, due to the diversity and complex association of hnRNPs, most studies are still at the stage of histological discovery of different hnRNP abnormalities in FTLD. We herein review the latest studies relating hnRNPs to FTLD. Together, these studies outline an important role of multiple hnRNPs in the pathogenesis of FTLD and suggest that future research into FTLD should include the whole spectrum of this protein family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwa Jiang
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ariana Gatt
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Tammaryn Lashley
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
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17
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De Marchi F, Franjkic T, Schito P, Russo T, Nimac J, Chami AA, Mele A, Vidatic L, Kriz J, Julien JP, Apic G, Russell RB, Rogelj B, Cannon JR, Baralle M, Agosta F, Hecimovic S, Mazzini L, Buratti E, Munitic I. Emerging Trends in the Field of Inflammation and Proteinopathy in ALS/FTD Spectrum Disorder. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1599. [PMID: 37371694 PMCID: PMC10295684 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinopathy and neuroinflammation are two main hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. They also represent rare common events in an exceptionally broad landscape of genetic, environmental, neuropathologic, and clinical heterogeneity present in patients. Here, we aim to recount the emerging trends in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) spectrum disorder. Our review will predominantly focus on neuroinflammation and systemic immune imbalance in ALS and FTD, which have recently been highlighted as novel therapeutic targets. A common mechanism of most ALS and ~50% of FTD patients is dysregulation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), an RNA/DNA-binding protein, which becomes depleted from the nucleus and forms cytoplasmic aggregates in neurons and glia. This, in turn, via both gain and loss of function events, alters a variety of TDP-43-mediated cellular events. Experimental attempts to target TDP-43 aggregates or manipulate crosstalk in the context of inflammation will be discussed. Targeting inflammation, and the immune system in general, is of particular interest because of the high plasticity of immune cells compared to neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola De Marchi
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.D.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Toni Franjkic
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, R. Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Metisox, Cambridge CB24 9NL, UK;
| | - Paride Schito
- Department of Neurology & Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (T.R.)
| | - Tommaso Russo
- Department of Neurology & Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (P.S.); (T.R.)
| | - Jerneja Nimac
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.N.); (B.R.)
- Graduate School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anna A. Chami
- CERVO Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1J 2G3, Canada; (A.A.C.); (J.K.); (J.-P.J.)
| | - Angelica Mele
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.D.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Lea Vidatic
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.V.); (S.H.)
| | - Jasna Kriz
- CERVO Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1J 2G3, Canada; (A.A.C.); (J.K.); (J.-P.J.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- CERVO Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1J 2G3, Canada; (A.A.C.); (J.K.); (J.-P.J.)
| | | | | | - Boris Rogelj
- Department of Biotechnology, Jozef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (J.N.); (B.R.)
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jason R. Cannon
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
- Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Federica Agosta
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Silva Hecimovic
- Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruder Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.V.); (S.H.)
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology and ALS Centre, University of Piemonte Orientale, Maggiore Della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy; (F.D.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Emanuele Buratti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ivana Munitic
- Laboratory for Molecular Immunology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, R. Matejcic 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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18
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van Amerongen S, Kamps S, Kaijser KKM, Pijnenburg YAL, Scheltens P, Teunissen CE, Barkhof F, Ossenkoppele R, Rozemuller AJM, Stern RA, Hoozemans JJM, Vijverberg EGB. Severe CTE and TDP-43 pathology in a former professional soccer player with dementia: a clinicopathological case report and review of the literature. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:77. [PMID: 37161501 PMCID: PMC10169296 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, numerous post-mortem case series have documented chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in former contact-sport athletes, though reports of CTE pathology in former soccer players are scarce. This study presents a clinicopathological case of a former professional soccer player with young-onset dementia. The patient experienced early onset progressive cognitive decline and developed dementia in his mid-50 s, after playing soccer for 12 years at a professional level. While the clinical picture mimicked Alzheimer's disease, amyloid PET imaging did not provide evidence of elevated beta-amyloid plaque density. After he died in his mid-60 s, brain autopsy showed severe phosphorylated tau (p-tau) abnormalities fulfilling the neuropathological criteria for high-stage CTE, as well as astrocytic and oligodendroglial tau pathology in terms of tufted astrocytes, thorn-shaped astrocytes, and coiled bodies. Additionally, there were TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) positive cytoplasmic inclusions in the frontal lobe and hippocampus, and Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) positivity in the axons of the white matter. A systematic review of the literature revealed only 13 other soccer players with postmortem diagnosis of CTE. Our report illustrates the complex clinicopathological correlation of CTE and the need for disease-specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan van Amerongen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston University CTE Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Suzie Kamps
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyra K M Kaijser
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yolande A L Pijnenburg
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- EQT Life Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Annemieke J M Rozemuller
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert A Stern
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston University CTE Center, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Everard G B Vijverberg
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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19
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Afroz T, Chevalier E, Audrain M, Dumayne C, Ziehm T, Moser R, Egesipe AL, Mottier L, Ratnam M, Neumann M, Havas D, Ollier R, Piorkowska K, Chauhan M, Silva AB, Thapa S, Stöhr J, Bavdek A, Eligert V, Adolfsson O, Nelson PT, Porta S, Lee VMY, Pfeifer A, Kosco-Vilbois M, Seredenina T. Immunotherapy targeting the C-terminal domain of TDP-43 decreases neuropathology and confers neuroprotection in mouse models of ALS/FTD. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 179:106050. [PMID: 36809847 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective therapies are urgently needed to safely target TDP-43 pathology as it is closely associated with the onset and development of devastating diseases such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In addition, TDP-43 pathology is present as a co-pathology in other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Our approach is to develop a TDP-43-specific immunotherapy that exploits Fc gamma-mediated removal mechanisms to limit neuronal damage while maintaining physiological TDP-43 function. Thus, using both in vitro mechanistic studies in conjunction with the rNLS8 and CamKIIa inoculation mouse models of TDP-43 proteinopathy, we identified the key targeting domain in TDP-43 to accomplish these therapeutic objectives. Targeting the C-terminal domain of TDP-43 but not the RNA recognition motifs (RRM) reduces TDP-43 pathology and avoids neuronal loss in vivo. We demonstrate that this rescue is dependent on Fc receptor-mediated immune complex uptake by microglia. Furthermore, monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment enhances phagocytic capacity of ALS patient-derived microglia, providing a mechanism to restore the compromised phagocytic function in ALS and FTD patients. Importantly, these beneficial effects are achieved while preserving physiological TDP-43 activity. Our findings demonstrate that a mAb targeting the C-terminal domain of TDP-43 limits pathology and neurotoxicity, enabling clearance of misfolded TDP-43 through microglia engagement, and supporting the clinical strategy to target TDP-43 by immunotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: TDP-43 pathology is associated with various devastating neurodegenerative disorders with high unmet medical needs such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease. Thus, safely and effectively targeting pathological TDP-43 represents a key paradigm for biotechnical research as currently there is little in clinical development. After years of research, we have determined that targeting the C-terminal domain of TDP-43 rescues multiple patho-mechanisms involved in disease progression in two animal models of FTD/ALS. In parallel, importantly, our studies establish that this approach does not alter the physiological functions of this ubiquitously expressed and indispensable protein. Together, our findings substantially contribute to the understanding of TDP-43 pathobiology and support the prioritization for clinical testing of immunotherapy approaches targeting TDP-43.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Manuela Neumann
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; DZNE, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sílvia Porta
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), Institute on Aging, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), Institute on Aging, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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20
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Progranulin Deficiency Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration with TDP-43 Inclusions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030581. [PMID: 36978829 PMCID: PMC10044829 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in GRN gene, which encodes progranulin (PGRN), cause frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP). FTLD-TDP is one of the most common forms of early onset dementia, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we have investigated whether mitochondrial alterations could also contribute to the pathogenesis of PGRN deficiency-associated FTLD-TDP. Our results showed that PGRN deficiency induced mitochondrial depolarization, increased ROS production and lowered ATP levels in GRN KD SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Interestingly, lymphoblasts from FTLD-TDP patients carrying a LOF mutation in the GRN gene (c.709-1G > A) also demonstrated mitochondrial depolarization and lower ATP levels. Such mitochondrial damage increased mitochondrial fission to remove dysfunctional mitochondria by mitophagy. Interestingly, PGRN-deficient cells showed elevated mitochondrial mass together with autophagy dysfunction, implying that PGRN deficiency induced the accumulation of damaged mitochondria by blocking its degradation in the lysosomes. Importantly, the treatment with two brain-penetrant CK-1δ inhibitors (IGS-2.7 and IGS-3.27), known for preventing the phosphorylation and cytosolic accumulation of TDP-43, rescued mitochondrial function in PGRN-deficient cells. Taken together, these results suggest that mitochondrial function is impaired in FTLD-TDP associated with LOF GRN mutations and that the TDP-43 pathology linked to PGRN deficiency might be a key mechanism contributing to such mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, our results point to the use of drugs targeting TDP-43 pathology as a promising therapeutic strategy for restoring mitochondrial function in FTLD-TDP and other TDP-43-related diseases.
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21
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Nelson PT, Lee EB, Cykowski MD, Alafuzoff I, Arfanakis K, Attems J, Brayne C, Corrada MM, Dugger BN, Flanagan ME, Ghetti B, Grinberg LT, Grossman M, Grothe MJ, Halliday GM, Hasegawa M, Hokkanen SRK, Hunter S, Jellinger K, Kawas CH, Keene CD, Kouri N, Kovacs GG, Leverenz JB, Latimer CS, Mackenzie IR, Mao Q, McAleese KE, Merrick R, Montine TJ, Murray ME, Myllykangas L, Nag S, Neltner JH, Newell KL, Rissman RA, Saito Y, Sajjadi SA, Schwetye KE, Teich AF, Thal DR, Tomé SO, Troncoso JC, Wang SHJ, White CL, Wisniewski T, Yang HS, Schneider JA, Dickson DW, Neumann M. LATE-NC staging in routine neuropathologic diagnosis: an update. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 145:159-173. [PMID: 36512061 PMCID: PMC9849315 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An international consensus report in 2019 recommended a classification system for limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic changes (LATE-NC). The suggested neuropathologic staging system and nomenclature have proven useful for autopsy practice and dementia research. However, some issues remain unresolved, such as cases with unusual features that do not fit with current diagnostic categories. The goal of this report is to update the neuropathologic criteria for the diagnosis and staging of LATE-NC, based primarily on published data. We provide practical suggestions about how to integrate available genetic information and comorbid pathologies [e.g., Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic changes (ADNC) and Lewy body disease]. We also describe recent research findings that have enabled more precise guidance on how to differentiate LATE-NC from other subtypes of TDP-43 pathology [e.g., frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)], and how to render diagnoses in unusual situations in which TDP-43 pathology does not follow the staging scheme proposed in 2019. Specific recommendations are also made on when not to apply this diagnostic term based on current knowledge. Neuroanatomical regions of interest in LATE-NC are described in detail and the implications for TDP-43 immunohistochemical results are specified more precisely. We also highlight questions that remain unresolved and areas needing additional study. In summary, the current work lays out a number of recommendations to improve the precision of LATE-NC staging based on published reports and diagnostic experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter T Nelson
- University of Kentucky, Rm 575 Todd Building, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Edward B Lee
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Konstantinos Arfanakis
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michel J Grothe
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología Y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Masato Hasegawa
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Qinwen Mao
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Liisa Myllykangas
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sukriti Nag
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Janna H Neltner
- University of Kentucky, Rm 575 Todd Building, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | | | - Yuko Saito
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital & Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Dietmar R Thal
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathoogy, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra O Tomé
- Laboratory for Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathoogy, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Charles L White
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Hyun-Sik Yang
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, BostonBoston, MAMA, USA
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22
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Magrath Guimet N, Zapata-Restrepo LM, Miller BL. Advances in Treatment of Frontotemporal Dementia. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:316-327. [PMID: 35578801 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21060166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the authors explored the clinical features of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), focusing on treatment. The clinical features of FTD are unique, with disinhibition, apathy, loss of empathy, and compulsions common. Motor changes occur later in the illness. The two major proteins that aggregate in the brain with FTD are tau and TDP-43, whereas a minority of patients aggregate FET proteins, primarily the FUS protein. Genetic causes include mutations in MAPT, GRN, and C9orf72. There are no medications that can slow FTD progression, although new therapies for the genetic forms of FTD are moving into clinical trials. Once a diagnosis is made, therapies should begin, focusing on the family and the patient. In the setting of FTD, families experience a severe burden associated with caregiving, and the clinician should focus on alleviating this burden. Advice around legal and financial issues is usually helpful. Careful consideration of environmental changes to cope with abnormal behaviors is essential. Most compounds that have been used to treat dementia of the Alzheimer's disease type are not effective in FTD, and cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine should be avoided. Although the data are scant, there is some evidence that antidepressants and second-generation antipsychotics may help individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahuel Magrath Guimet
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (all authors); Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin (all authors); Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Instituto Neurológico Fleni, Buenos Aires (Magrath Guimet); Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Miller); and Department of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Xaverian University Cali, Cali, Colombia (Zapata-Restrepo), Department of Psychiatry, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia (Zapata-Restrepo)
| | - Lina M Zapata-Restrepo
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (all authors); Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin (all authors); Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Instituto Neurológico Fleni, Buenos Aires (Magrath Guimet); Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Miller); and Department of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Xaverian University Cali, Cali, Colombia (Zapata-Restrepo), Department of Psychiatry, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia (Zapata-Restrepo)
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Global Brain Health Institute, University of California, San Francisco (all authors); Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin (all authors); Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Neuropsychology, Instituto Neurológico Fleni, Buenos Aires (Magrath Guimet); Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco (Miller); and Department of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Xaverian University Cali, Cali, Colombia (Zapata-Restrepo), Department of Psychiatry, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia (Zapata-Restrepo)
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23
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Del Tredici K, Braak H. Neuropathology and neuroanatomy of TDP-43 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol 2022; 35:660-671. [PMID: 36069419 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Intracellular inclusions consisting of the abnormal TDP-43 protein and its nucleocytoplasmic mislocalization in selected cell types are hallmark pathological features of sALS. Descriptive (histological, morphological), anatomical, and molecular studies all have improved our understanding of the neuropathology of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS). This review highlights some of the latest developments in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Increasing evidence exists from experimental models for the prion-like nature of abnormal TDP-43, including a strain-effect, and with the help of neuroimaging-based studies, for spreading of disease along corticofugal connectivities in sALS. Progress has also been made with respect to finding and establishing reliable biomarkers (neurofilament levels, diffusor tensor imaging). SUMMARY The latest findings may help to elucidate the preclinical phase of sALS and to define possible mechanisms for delaying or halting disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Del Tredici
- Clinical Neuroanatomy Section, Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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24
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Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43): its journey of more than 100 years. J Neurol 2022; 269:4030-4054. [PMID: 35320398 PMCID: PMC10184567 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with TDP-43-immunoreactive inclusions (FTLD-TDP) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with clinical, genetic, and neuropathological heterogeneity. An association between TDP-43, FTLD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was first described in 2006. However, a century before immunohistochemistry existed, atypical dementias displaying behavioral, language and/or pyramidal symptoms and showing non-specific FTLD with superficial cortical neuronal loss, gliosis and spongiosis were often confused with Alzheimer's or Pick's disease. Initially this pathology was termed dementia lacking distinctive histopathology (DLDH), but this was later renamed when ubiquitinated inclusions originally found in ALS were also discovered in (DLDH), thus warranting a recategorization as FTLD-U (ubiquitin). Finally, the ubiquitinated protein was identified as TDP-43, which aggregates in cortical, subcortical, limbic and brainstem neurons and glial cells. The topography and morphology of TDP-43 inclusions associate with specific clinical syndromes and genetic mutations which implies different pathomechanisms that are yet to be discovered; hence, the TDP-43 journey has actually just begun. In this review, we describe how FTLD-TDP was established and defined clinically and neuropathologically throughout the past century.
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25
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Signature laminar distributions of pathology in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 143:363-382. [PMID: 34997851 PMCID: PMC8858288 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with either tau (FTLD-tau) or TDP-43 (FTLD-TDP) inclusions are distinct proteinopathies that frequently cause similar frontotemporal dementia (FTD) clinical syndromes. FTD syndromes often display macroscopic signatures of neurodegeneration at the level of regions and networks, but it is unclear if subregional laminar pathology display patterns unique to proteinopathy or clinical syndrome. We hypothesized that FTLD-tau and FTLD-TDP accumulate pathology in relatively distinct cortical layers independent of clinical syndrome, with greater involvement of lower layers in FTLD-tau. The current study examined 170 patients with either FTLD-tau (n = 73) or FTLD-TDP (n = 97) spanning dementia and motor phenotypes in the FTD spectrum. We digitally measured the percent area occupied by tau and TDP-43 pathology in upper layers (I-III), lower layers (IV-VI), and juxtacortical white matter (WM) from isocortical regions in both hemispheres where available. Linear mixed-effects models compared ratios of upper to lower layer pathology between FTLD groups and investigated relationships with regions, WM pathology, and global cognitive impairment while adjusting for demographics. We found lower ratios of layer pathology in FTLD-tau and higher ratios of layer pathology in FTLD-TDP, reflecting lower layer-predominant tau pathology and upper layer-predominant TDP-43 pathology, respectively (p < 0.001). FTLD-tau displayed lower ratios of layer pathology related to greater WM tau pathology (p = 0.002) and to earlier involved/severe pathology regions (p = 0.007). In contrast, FTLD-TDP displayed higher ratios of layer pathology not related to either WM pathology or regional severity. Greater cognitive impairment was associated with higher ratios of layer pathology in FTLD-tau (p = 0.018), but was not related to ratios of layer pathology in FTLD-TDP. Lower layer-predominant tau pathology and upper layer-predominant TDP-43 pathology are proteinopathy-specific, regardless of clinical syndromes or regional networks that define these syndromes. Thus, patterns of laminar change may provide a useful anatomical framework for investigating how degeneration of select cells and corresponding laminar circuits influence large-scale networks and clinical symptomology in FTLD.
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Dong W, Zhou R, Chen J, Shu Z, Duan M. Phosphorylation Regulation on the Homo-Dimeric Binding of Transactive Response DNA-Binding Protein. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:5267-5275. [PMID: 35040651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The dimerization of transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is crucial for the RNA metabolism, and the higher-order aggregation of TDP-43 would induce several neurodegenerative diseases. The dimerization and aggregation of TDP-43 are regulated by the phosphorylation on its N-terminal domain (NTD). Understanding the regulation mechanism of TDP-43 NTD dimerization is crucial for the preventing of harmful aggregation and the associated diseases. In this study, the dimerization processes of wild-type (WT), phosphorylated S48 (pS48), and phosphomimic S48E mutation (S48E) of TDP-43 NTD are characterized by the enhanced sampling technology. Our results show that the phosphorylation not only shift the conformation population of bound and unbound state of TDP-43 NTD, but also would regulate the dimerization processes, including increase the binding free-energy barrier. The phosphomimic mutation would also shift the conformational space of TDP-43 NTD dimer to the unbound structures; however, the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the dimerization processes between the phosphorylated and phosphomimic mutant systems are distinct, which reminds us to carefully study the phosphorylation regulation by using the phosphomimic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqian Dong
- National & Local United Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technoloy, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University (Qishan Campus), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, China.,National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengyu Shu
- National & Local United Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Technoloy, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University (Qishan Campus), Fuzhou 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Mojie Duan
- National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China
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Valori CF, Neumann M. Contribution of RNA/DNA Binding Protein Dysfunction in Oligodendrocytes in the Pathogenesis of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Spectrum Diseases. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:724891. [PMID: 34539339 PMCID: PMC8440855 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.724891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are two incurable neurodegenerative disorders, often considered as the extreme manifestations of a disease spectrum, as they share similar pathomechanisms. In support of this, pathological aggregation of the RNA/DNA binding proteins trans-activation response element DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) or fused in sarcoma (FUS) is the pathological hallmark found in neurons and glial cells of subsets of patients affected by either condition (i.e., ALS/FTLD—TDP-43 or ALS/FTLD—FUS, respectively). Among glia, oligodendrocytes are the most abundant population, designated to ensheath the axons with myelin and to provide them with metabolic and trophic support. In this minireview, we recapitulate the neuropathological evidence for oligodendroglia impairment in ALS/FTLD. We then debate how TDP-43 and FUS target oligodendrocyte transcripts, thereby controlling their homeostatic abilities toward the axons. Finally, we discuss cellular and animal models aimed at investigating the functional consequences of manipulating TDP-43 and FUS in oligodendrocytes in vivo. Taken together, current data provide increasing evidence for an important role of TDP-43 and FUS-mediated oligodendroglia dysfunction in the pathogenesis of ALS/FTLD. Thus, targeting disrupted oligodendroglial functions may represent a new treatment approach for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara F Valori
- Molecular Neuropathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Manuela Neumann
- Molecular Neuropathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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