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Ventura G, Calvano CD, Bianco G, Di Capua A, Losito I, Cataldi TRI. Discovering the Ellagitannin Landscape of Dried Walnut Shells by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39155698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Walnut shells, often discarded as waste, hold hidden potential as a source of ellagitannins (ETs), compounds known for their promising antioxidant properties and health benefits. This study employed reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) coupled with Orbitrap-based high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) via electrospray ionization (ESI) in negative polarity to investigate the ET profile in extracts of dried powdered walnut shells. Several compounds belonging to various ET families were successfully identified as deprotonated molecules ([M - H]-) and characterized, including mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, and pentagalloyl glucopyranoses, as well as ETs containing the hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) group. Characteristic product ions were identified in HR tandem MS spectra and employed to recognize the ET landscape. Analysis revealed a complex picture with more than 10 isomers identified in some cases. However, the structural similarity and limitations in MS/MS data hindered the definitive identification of all isomers. Characterization of ETs featuring HHDP groups also remained challenging. Despite these restraints, the estimated total content of ETs suggests potential application in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries of those extracts. These findings indicate that walnut shells can be considered a sustainable source of health-promoting compounds, contributing to a greener economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ventura
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Giuliana Bianco
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy
| | - Angela Di Capua
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, Potenza 85100, Italy
| | - Ilario Losito
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy
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Ikeda C, Mori A, Hosokawa K, Iwaoka Y, Uemura T, Ito H. In Vivo Behavior of Hydrolyzable Tannins after Oral Administration of the Trapa bispinosa Extract to Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38619067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The pericarp extract of Trapa bispinosa (TBPE), which is rich in hydrolyzable tannins, has been reported to inhibit α-glucosidase and glycation reactions. We investigated the in vivo behavior of hydrolyzable tannins and related metabolites after administration of TBPE to rats. Using high pressure liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectroscopy (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS), 12 ellagitannin metabolites, such as urolithins and 6 gallotannin metabolites, produced in the collected plasma and urine were quantified. Urolithins and gallic acid metabolites reached their maximum blood concentration after 24 and 1 h of administration, respectively. Conversely, the excretion of urolithins in urine required up to 72 h and followed a sigmoidal curve, whereas gallic acid metabolites were rapidly excreted earlier after administration. The results suggest that the metabolites gallotannin and ellagitannin are responsible for the antiglycation effect of TBPE, which proceeds via different mechanisms and times. Our findings provide basic data demonstrating the functionality of hydrolyzable tannins as well as Trapa ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Ikeda
- Division of Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Ayaka Mori
- Division of Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Kanano Hosokawa
- Division of Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Yuji Iwaoka
- Division of Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Uemura
- Hayashikane Sangyo, Ltd., Co., Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-8608, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ito
- Division of Nutritional Science, Graduate School of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
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Morphological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study on the ameliorative effect of gallic acid against bisphenol A-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1732. [PMID: 36720896 PMCID: PMC9889795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of gallic acid (GA) on ameliorating bisphenol A (BPA) nephrotoxicity in male rat kidneys. Forty rats were assigned randomly into two groups: control (ten animals) and BPA (40 mg/kg bwt) (thirty animals), the second group was divided into three subgroups: BPA alone, BPA + G50 (50 mg/kg bwt), and BPA + G200 (200 mg/kg bwt). The biochemical analysis included measurements of the contents of nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, and cytokines (interleukin-1α and interleukin-6) in the kidney. The antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase were also measured in the kidney. Kidney function was assessed by determining uric acid, urea, and creatinine levels. The morphological investigations included hematoxylin and eosin staining for assessing the general histology and determining the glomerular and corpuscular areas, the tubular cell degeneration mean area, and the mean leukocyte infiltration area. Also, collagen fiber intensity and polysaccharide content were analyzed. Furthermore, immunohistochemical, morphometric, and ultrastructural studies were carried out. The results revealed morphological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical alterations in the kidney. Most of these changes showed a satisfactory improvement of kidney damage when BPA-administered rats were treated with GA at both doses. In conclusion, GA exhibited a strong protective effect against BPA-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Li J, Zhang H, Wang J, Yu Z, Li H, Yang M. Identification of unknown disinfection byproducts in drinking water produced from Taihu Lake source water. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 113:1-11. [PMID: 34963519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water have been suggested as a cancer causing factor, the causative compounds have not yet been clarified. In this study, we used liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight spectrometry (LC-QTOF MS) to identify the unknown disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water produced from Taihu Lake source water, which is known as a convergence point for the anthropogenic pollutants discharged from intensive industrial activities in the surrounding regions. In total, 91 formulas of DBPs were discovered through LC-QTOF MS nontarget screen, 81 of which have not yet been reported. Among the 91 molecules, 56 only contain bromine, 15 only contain chlorine and 20 DBPs have both bromine and chlorine atoms. Finally, five DBPs including 2,4,6-tribromophenol, 2,6-dibromo-4-chlorophenol, 2,6-dichloro-4-bromophenol, 4-bromo-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 3,6-dibromocarbazole were confirmed using standards. The former three compounds mainly formed in the predisinfection step (maximum concentration, 0.2-2.6 µg/L), while the latter two formed in the disinfection step (maximum concentration, 18.2-33.6 ng/L). In addition, 19 possible precursors of the discovered DBPs were detected, with the aromatic compounds being a major group. 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol as the precursor of 4-bromo-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol was confirmed with standard, with a concentration of 20.3 µg/L in raw water. The results of this study show that brominated DBPs which are possibly formed from industrial pollutants are relevant DBP species in drinking water produced form Taihu source water, suggesting protection of Taihu Lake source water is important to control the DBP risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Gonbadi P, Jalal R, Akhlaghinia B, Ghasemzadeh MS. Tannic acid-modified magnetic hydrotalcite-based MgAl nanoparticles for the in vitro targeted delivery of doxorubicin to the estrogen receptor-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yoshikawa S, Chen LG, Yoshimura M, Amakura Y, Hatano T, Taniguchi S. Barricyclin D1-a dimeric ellagitannin with a macrocyclic structure-and accompanying tannins from Barringtonia racemosa. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1609-1620. [PMID: 33890626 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Our examination of high molecular weight polyphenolic constituents in the leaves of Barringtonia racemosa of the family Lecythidaceae uncovered 5 previously undescribed ellagitannins. One, barringtin M1 (1), among them was a hydrolysable tannin monomer, while remaining 4, barringtins D1 (2), D2 (3), D3 (4), and barricyclin D1 (5), were all dimers. Barricyclin D1 had a first macrocyclic structure formed from casuarictin (6) and tellimagrandin I (7), and the other ellagitannins had structures related to 5. Two additional known phenolics, valoneic acid dilactone (8) and schimawalin A (9), were also isolated from the leaves. These results suggested that the leaves of B. racemosa are a natural resource rich in hydrolysable tannin oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yoshikawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Lih-Geeng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Xinying, Taiwan
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hatano
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shoko Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
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Inada KOP, Leite IB, Martins ABN, Fialho E, Tomás-Barberán FA, Perrone D, Monteiro M. Jaboticaba berry: A comprehensive review on its polyphenol composition, health effects, metabolism, and the development of food products. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110518. [PMID: 34399496 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Jaboticaba, a popular Brazilian berry, has been studied due to its relevant polyphenol composition, health benefits and potential use for the development of derived food products. Considering that around 200 articles have been published in recent years, this review aims to provide comprehensive and updated information, as well as a critical discussion on: (i) jaboticaba polyphenolic composition and extraction methods for their accurate determination; (ii) jaboticaba polyphenol's metabolism; (iii) biological effects of the fruit and the relationship with its polyphenols and their metabolites; (iv) challenges in the development of jaboticaba derived products. The determination of jaboticaba polyphenols should employ hydrolysis procedures during extraction, followed by liquid chromatographic analysis. Jaboticaba polyphenols, mainly anthocyanins and ellagitannins, are extensively metabolized, and their metabolites are probably the most important contributors to the relevant health effects associated with the fruit, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and hypolipidemic. Most of the technological processing of jaboticaba fruit and its residues is related to their application as a colorant, antioxidant, antimicrobial and source of polyphenols. The scientific literature still lacks studies on the metabolism and bioactivity of polyphenols from jaboticaba in humans, as well as the effect of technological processes on these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Ohanna Pimenta Inada
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Bloco A, sala 528A, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, R. São Francisco Xavier, 524, Pavilhão João Lyra Filho, 12° andar, Bloco D, sala 12.002, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Iris Batista Leite
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Neves Martins
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Bloco A, sala 528A, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane Fialho
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Francisco A Tomás-Barberán
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Daniel Perrone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, CT, Bloco A, sala 528A, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Monteiro
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, CCS, Bloco J, 2° andar, sala 16, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Li YQ, Kitaoka M, Takayoshi J, Wang YF, Matsuo Y, Saito Y, Huang YL, Li DP, Nonaka GI, Jiang ZH, Tanaka T. Ellagitannins and Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins of Three Polygonaceous Plants. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020337. [PMID: 33440779 PMCID: PMC7828057 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize hydrolyzable tannins in Polygonaceous plants, as only a few plants have previously been reported to contain ellagitannins. From Persicaria chinensis, a new hydrolyzable tannin called persicarianin was isolated and characterized to be 3-O-galloyl-4,6-(S)-dehydrohexahydroxydiphenoyl-d-glucose. Interestingly, acid hydrolysis of this compound afforded ellagic acid, despite the absence of a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group. From the rhizome of Polygonum runcinatum var. sinense, a large amount of granatin A, along with minor ellagitannins, helioscpoinin A, davicratinic acids B and C, and a new ellagitannin called polygonanin A, were isolated. Based on 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic examination, the structure of polygonanin A was determined to be 1,6-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-2,4-hydroxychebuloyl-β-d-glucopyranose. These are the second and third hydrolyzable tannins isolated from Polygonaceous plants. In addition, oligomeric proanthocyanidins of Persicaria capitatum and P. chinensis were characterized by thiol degradation. These results suggested that some Polygonaceous plants are the source of hydrolyzable tannins not only proanthocyanidins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qiu Li
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (Y.-Q.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.S.)
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, 109, Huancheng North 2 Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Masako Kitaoka
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (M.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Juri Takayoshi
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (M.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Ya-Feng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guilin 541006, China; (Y.-F.W.); (Y.-L.H.); (D.-P.L.)
| | - Yosuke Matsuo
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (Y.-Q.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yoshinori Saito
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (Y.-Q.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yong-Lin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guilin 541006, China; (Y.-F.W.); (Y.-L.H.); (D.-P.L.)
| | - Dian-Peng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guilin 541006, China; (Y.-F.W.); (Y.-L.H.); (D.-P.L.)
| | - Gen-ichiro Nonaka
- Usaien Pharmaceutical Company, Ltd., 1-4-6 Zaimoku, Saga 840-0055, Japan;
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (Y.-Q.L.); (Y.M.); (Y.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-95-819-2432
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I. Kashchenko N, Olennikov DN. Phenolome of Asian Agrimony Tea ( Agrimonia asiatica Juz., Rosaceae): LC-MS Profile, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Potential and Stability. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101348. [PMID: 32977706 PMCID: PMC7598702 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional beverages constitute the rapidly increasing part of the functional food section and represent an area with a wide range of products including herbal-based beverages. We carried out screening investigations of the extracts of 85 Rosaceous tea plants. Among the extracts analyzed Agrimonia asiatica herb extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity against the enzyme α-glucosidase (20.29 µg/mL). As a result of chromato-mass-spectrometric profiling of A. asiatica herb with high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and electrospray triple quadrupole mass-spectrometric detection (HPLC-PDA-ESI-tQ-MS) 60 compounds were identified, including catechins, ellagitannins, flavones, flavonols, gallotannins, hydroxycinnamates, procyanidins, most for the very first time. The analysis of the seasonal variation of metabolites in A. asiatica herb demonstrated that the phenolic content was highest in summer samples and lower in spring and autumn. HPLC activity-based profiling was utilized to identify compounds of A. asiatica herb with the maximal α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The most pronounced inhibition of α-glucosidase was observed for agrimoniin, while less significant results of inhibition were revealed for ellagic acid and isoquercitrin. The evaluation of phenolic content in A. asiatica herbal teas with the subsequent determination of α-glucosidase inhibiting potential was discovered. Maximum inhibition of α-glucosidase was observed for hot infusion (75.33 µg/mL) and the minimum for 30 min decoction (159.14 µg/mL). Our study demonstrated that A. asiatica herbal tea is a prospective functional beverage in which dietary intake may help to reduce blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina I. Kashchenko
- Laboratory of Medical and Biological Research, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, 6 Sakh’yanovoy Street, Ulan-Ude 670047, Russia;
- Department of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, North-Eastern Federal University, 58 Belinsky Street, Yakutsk 677027, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +79-8342-17-340
| | - Daniil N. Olennikov
- Laboratory of Medical and Biological Research, Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Science, 6 Sakh’yanovoy Street, Ulan-Ude 670047, Russia;
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Era M, Matsuo Y, Saito Y, Tanaka T. Production of Ellagitannin Hexahydroxydiphenoyl Ester by Spontaneous Reduction of Dehydrohexa-hydroxydiphenoyl Ester. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051051. [PMID: 32110993 PMCID: PMC7179100 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amariin is an ellagitannin with two dehydrohexahydroxydiphenoyl (DHHDP) moieties connecting glucose 2,4- and 3,6-hydroxy groups. This tannin is predominant in the young leaves of Triadica sebifera and Carpinus japonica. However, as the leaves grow, the 3,6-DHHDP is converted to its reduced form, the hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) group, to generate geraniin, a predominant ellagitannin of the matured leaves. The purified amariin is unstable in aqueous solution, and the 3,6-(R)-DHHDP is spontaneously degraded to give HHDP, whereas 2,4-(R)-DHHDP is stable. The driving force of the selective reduction of the 3,6-DHHDP of amariin is shown to be the conformational change of glucose from O,3B to 1C4. Heating geraniin with pyridine affords 2,4-(R)-DHHDP reduction products. Furthermore, the acid hydrolysis of geraniin yields two equivalents of ellagic acid. Although the reaction mechanism is still ambiguous, these results propose an alternative biosynthetic route of the ellagitannin HHDP groups.
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11
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Wakamatsu H, Tanaka S, Matsuo Y, Saito Y, Nishida K, Tanaka T. Reductive Metabolism of Ellagitannins in the Young Leaves of Castanopsis sieboldii. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234279. [PMID: 31771266 PMCID: PMC6930603 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Castanopsis sieboldii (Fagaceae) contain characteristic hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) esters of 28-O-glucosyl 2α,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxyolean- and urs-12-en-28-oic acids. In this study, uncharacterized substances were detected in the young leaves, which are not observed in the mature leaves. Preliminary HPLC analyses indicated that the substances had dehydro-HHDP (DHHDP) ester groups; however, the esters were unstable and decomposed during extraction. Therefore, the compounds were isolated as their stable phenazine derivatives by extracting the young leaves with acidic aqueous EtOH containing o-phenylenediamine. The structures of the phenazine derivatives indicated that the unstable metabolites of the young leaves were 3,24-DHHDP esters of the abovementioned triterpenes. Extraction of the young leaves with 80% acetonitrile containing reducing agents, ascorbic acid or dithiothreitol afforded the corresponding HHDP esters. Furthermore, heating of the young leaves in 80% acetonitrile also yielded the same HHDP esters as the reduction products. The results suggested that the HHDP esters are reductively produced from DHHDP esters in the young leaves. In addition, the structures of five previously reported triterpene HHDP esters were revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatsumi Wakamatsu
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (H.W.); (Y.M.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan;
| | - Sumire Tanaka
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan;
| | - Yosuke Matsuo
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (H.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yoshinori Saito
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (H.W.); (Y.M.)
| | - Koyo Nishida
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan;
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (H.W.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-95-819-2432
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12
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Valverde Malaver CL, Colmenares Dulcey AJ, Rial C, Varela RM, Molinillo JMG, Macías FA, Isaza Martínez JH. Hydrolysable Tannins and Biological Activities of Meriania hernandoi and Meriania nobilis (Melastomataceae). Molecules 2019; 24:E746. [PMID: 30791447 PMCID: PMC6412690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A bio-guided study of leaf extracts allowed the isolation of two new macrobicyclic hydrolysable tannins, namely merianin A (1) and merianin B (2), and oct-1-en-3-yl β-xylopyranosyl-(1"-6')-β-glucopyranoside (3) from Meriania hernandoi, in addition to 11 known compounds reported for the first time in the Meriania genus. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques and mass spectrometry. The bioactivities of the compounds were determined by measuring the DPPH radical scavenging activity and by carrying out antioxidant power assays (FRAP), etiolated wheat coleoptile assays and phytotoxicity assays on the standard target species Lycopersicum esculentum W. (tomato). Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the best free radical scavenging activities, with FRS50 values of 2.0 and 1.9 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Julia Colmenares Dulcey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad del Valle, GIPNA, Cali 760032, Colombia.
| | - Carlos Rial
- Allelopathy Group, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, Universidad de Cadiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510-Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain.
| | - Rosa M Varela
- Allelopathy Group, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, Universidad de Cadiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510-Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain.
| | - José M G Molinillo
- Allelopathy Group, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, Universidad de Cadiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510-Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain.
| | - Francisco A Macías
- Allelopathy Group, Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO), Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Sciences, Universidad de Cadiz, C/República Saharaui 7, 11510-Puerto Real (Cadiz), Spain.
| | - José Hipólito Isaza Martínez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad del Valle, GIPNA, Cali 760032, Colombia.
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13
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Peterson B, Weyers M, Steenekamp JH, Steyn JD, Gouws C, Hamman JH. Drug Bioavailability Enhancing Agents of Natural Origin (Bioenhancers) that Modulate Drug Membrane Permeation and Pre-Systemic Metabolism. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11010033. [PMID: 30654429 PMCID: PMC6359194 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many new chemical entities are discovered with high therapeutic potential, however, many of these compounds exhibit unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties due to poor solubility and/or poor membrane permeation characteristics. The latter is mainly due to the lipid-like barrier imposed by epithelial mucosal layers, which have to be crossed by drug molecules in order to exert a therapeutic effect. Another barrier is the pre-systemic metabolic degradation of drug molecules, mainly by cytochrome P450 enzymes located in the intestinal enterocytes and liver hepatocytes. Although the nasal, buccal and pulmonary routes of administration avoid the first-pass effect, they are still dependent on absorption of drug molecules across the mucosal surfaces to achieve systemic drug delivery. Bioenhancers (drug absorption enhancers of natural origin) have been identified that can increase the quantity of unchanged drug that appears in the systemic blood circulation by means of modulating membrane permeation and/or pre-systemic metabolism. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of natural bioenhancers and their main mechanisms of action for the nasal, buccal, pulmonary and oral routes of drug administration. Poorly bioavailable drugs such as large, hydrophilic therapeutics are often administered by injections. Bioenhancers may potentially be used to benefit patients by making systemic delivery of these poorly bioavailable drugs possible via alternative routes of administration (i.e., oral, nasal, buccal or pulmonary routes of administration) and may also reduce dosages of small molecular drugs and thereby reduce treatment costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Peterson
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Morné Weyers
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Jan H Steenekamp
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Johan D Steyn
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Chrisna Gouws
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Josias H Hamman
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacen™), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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14
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Sakagami H, Watanabe T, Hoshino T, Suda N, Mori K, Yasui T, Yamauchi N, Kashiwagi H, Gomi T, Oizumi T, Nagai J, Uesawa Y, Takao K, Sugita Y. Recent Progress of Basic Studies of Natural Products and Their Dental Application. MEDICINES 2018; 6:medicines6010004. [PMID: 30585249 PMCID: PMC6473826 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present article reviews the research progress of three major polyphenols (tannins, flavonoids and lignin carbohydrate complexes), chromone (backbone structure of flavonoids) and herbal extracts. Chemical modified chromone derivatives showed highly specific toxicity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, with much lower toxicity against human oral keratinocytes, as compared with various anticancer drugs. QSAR analysis suggests the possible correlation between their tumor-specificity and three-dimensional molecular shape. Condensed tannins in the tea extracts inactivated the glucosyltransferase enzymes, involved in the biofilm formation. Lignin-carbohydrate complexes (prepared by alkaline extraction and acid-precipitation) and crude alkaline extract of the leaves of Sasa species (SE, available as an over-the-counter drug) showed much higher anti-HIV activity, than tannins, flavonoids and Japanese traditional medicine (Kampo). Long-term treatment with SE and several Kampo medicines showed an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects in small size of clinical trials. Although the anti-periodontitis activity of synthetic angiotensin II blockers has been suggested in many papers, natural angiotensin II blockers has not yet been tested for their possible anti-periodontitis activity. There should be still many unknown substances that are useful for treating the oral diseases in the natural kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Taihei Watanabe
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Hoshino
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Naoto Suda
- Division of Orthodontics, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Mori
- Division of First Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Toshikazu Yasui
- Division of Oral Health, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Naoki Yamauchi
- Masuko Memorial Hospital, 35-28 Takehashi-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya 453-8566, Japan.
| | - Harutsugu Kashiwagi
- Ecopale Co., Ltd., 885 Minamiisshiki, Nagaizumi-cho, Suntou-gun, Shizuoka 411-0932, Japan.
| | - Tsuneaki Gomi
- Gomi clinic, 1-10-12 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Oizumi
- Daiwa Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd., 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan.
| | - Junko Nagai
- Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Uesawa
- Department of Medical Molecular Informatics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan.
| | - Koichi Takao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Sugita
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan.
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15
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Ali SS, Zia MK, Siddiqui T, Khan FH. Binding interaction of sheep alpha-2-macroglobulin and tannic acid: A spectroscopic and thermodynamic study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:748-753. [PMID: 30007881 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tannic acid is a polyphenol found in plant species commonly consumed by ruminants. It works as an important molecule in plant defense system to fight against environmental stressors. Tannic acid has number of effects on animals and humans. An attempt has been made to study the interaction of tannic acid with alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M). α2M is a large tetrameric glycoprotein which function as a key serum anti-proteinase under physiological conditions. In the present study we explored the tannic acid-α2M interaction by number of spectroscopic techniques such as UV, fluorescence, CD and FTIR along with isothermal titration calorimetry. CD and FT-IR spectroscopy were mainly used to study the secondary structural change induced in the antiproteinase. Analysis of activity shows the antiproteolytic potential of protein was compromised. Data of UV spectroscopy shows formation of α2M-tannic acid complex. The thermodynamic signatures of this interaction reveals hydrogen bonding played a major role in the binding of α2M-tannic acid. Analysis of CD and FTIR results suggest a minor conformational change in α2M on tannic acid binding. Overall, tannic acid induces subtle conformation change in α2M structure resulting the loss of its proteinase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Saqib Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Tooba Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Fahim Halim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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16
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Search of Neuroprotective Polyphenols Using the "Overlay" Isolation Method. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081840. [PMID: 30042342 PMCID: PMC6222604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies of the neuroprotective activity of polyphenols have used ununiform culture systems, making it difficult to compare their neuroprotective potency. We have established a new and simple method for preparing differentiated PC12 cells by removing the toxic coating step. Cells were induced to differentiate with the nerve growth factor (NGF) in a serum-free medium, without a medium change, but with a one-time overlay supplementation of NGF. The optimal inoculation density of the cells was 6–12 × 103 cells/cm2, and the presence of serum inhibited the differentiation. Neuroprotective activity could be quantified by the specific index (SI) value, that is, the ratio of the 50% cytotoxic concentration to the 50% effective concentration. Alkaline extract from the leaves of Sasa senanensis Rehder (SE), having had hormetic growth stimulation, showed the highest SI value, followed by epigallocatechin gallate. The SI value of curcumin and resveratrol was much lower. This simple overly method, that can prepare massive differentiated neuronal cells, may be applicable for the study of the differentiation-associated changes in intracellular metabolites, and the interaction between neuronal cells and physiological factors.
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17
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Sivakumar D, Chen L, Sultanbawa Y. A comprehensive review on beneficial dietary phytochemicals in common traditional Southern African leafy vegetables. Food Sci Nutr 2018; 6:714-727. [PMID: 29983933 PMCID: PMC6021739 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular intake of sufficient amounts of certain dietary phytochemicals was proven to reduce the incidence of noncommunicable chronic diseases and certain infectious diseases. In addition, dietary phytochemicals were also reported to reduce the incidence of metabolic disorders such as obesity in children and adults. However, limited information is available, especially on dietary phytochemicals in the commonly available traditional leafy vegetables. Primarily, the review summarizes information on the major phytochemicals and the impact of geographical location, genotype, agronomy practices, postharvest storage, and processing of common traditional leafy vegetables. The review also briefly discusses the bioavailability and accessibility of major phytochemicals, common antinutritive compounds of the selected vegetables, and recently developed traditional leafy vegetable-based food products for dietary diversification to improve the balanced diet for the consumers. The potential exists for better use of traditional leafy vegetables to sustain food security and to improve the health and well-being of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharini Sivakumar
- Phytochemical Food Network Research GroupDepartment of Crop SciencesTshwane University of TechnologyPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of Alberta EdmontonABCanada
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandCoopers PlainsQldCanada
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18
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Comprehensive analysis of telomerase inhibition by gallotannin. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18712-18719. [PMID: 29721155 PMCID: PMC5922349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallotannin (or tannic acid) is a naturally occurring compound that inhibits cell growth and activity of different DNA-polymerases, including telomerase. The purpose of the present study was to gain insight into the mechanism of telomerase inhibition by gallotannin. We determined that gallotannin inhibits telomerase in vitro with an half maximal inhibitory concentrations value of 130 nM, but it does not affect telomerase complex assembly and component levels in vivo. The inhibitory activity of gallotannin against telomerase provides an additional explanation for the anti-cancer activities of this compound.
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19
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Yoshida T, Yoshimura M, Amakura Y. Chemical and Biological Significance of Oenothein B and Related Ellagitannin Oligomers with Macrocyclic Structure. Molecules 2018; 23:E552. [PMID: 29498647 PMCID: PMC6017083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1990, Okuda et al. reported the first isolation and characterization of oenothein B, a unique ellagitannin dimer with a macrocyclic structure, from the Oenothera erythrosepala leaves. Since then, a variety of macrocyclic analogs, including trimeric-heptameric oligomers have been isolated from various medicinal plants belonging to Onagraceae, Lythraceae, and Myrtaceae. Among notable in vitro and in vivo biological activities reported for oenothein B are antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, enzyme inhibitory, antitumor, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory activities. Oenothein B and related oligomers, and/or plant extracts containing them have thus attracted increasing interest as promising targets for the development of chemopreventive agents of life-related diseases associated with oxygen stress in human health. In order to better understand the significance of this type of ellagitannin in medicinal plants, this review summarizes (1) the structural characteristics of oenothein B and related dimers; (2) the oxidative metabolites of oenothein B up to heptameric oligomers; (3) the distribution of oenotheins and other macrocyclic analogs in the plant kingdom; and (4) the pharmacological activities hitherto documented for oenothein B, including those recently found by our laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
- Okayama University, Okayama 701-1152, Japan.
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
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20
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Tanaka T, Matsuo Y, Saito Y. Solubility of Tannins and Preparation of Oil-Soluble Derivatives. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1179-1187. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Yosuke Matsuo
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
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21
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Hosseini A, Sahebkar A. Reversal of Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity by Using Phytotherapy: A Review. J Pharmacopuncture 2017; 20:243-256. [PMID: 30151294 PMCID: PMC6104714 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2017.20.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin as a chemotherapeutic drug is widely used for the treatment of patients with cancer. However, clinical use of this drug is hampered by its cardiotoxicity, which is manifested as electrocardiographic abnormalities, arrhythmias, irreversible degenerative cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. The precise mechanisms underlying the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin are not clear, but impairment of calcium homeostasis, generation of iron complexes, production of oxygen radicals, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell membrane damage have been suggested as potential etiologic factors. Compounds that can neutralize the toxic effect of doxorubicin on cardiac cells without reducing the drug's antitumor activity are needed. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that herbal medicines and bioactive phytochemicals can serve as effective add-on therapies to reduce the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin. This review describes different phytochemicals and herbal products that have been shown to counterbalance doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,
Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,
Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,
Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,
Iran
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22
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Moreno E, Gayosso JA, Montejano JR, Almaguer G, Vázquez N, Cruz C, Mercado A, Bobadilla NA, Gamba G, Sierra A, Ramírez V. Geraniin is a diuretic by inhibiting the Na +-K +-2Cl - cotransporter NKCC2. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F240-F250. [PMID: 29046296 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00221.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Geranium seemannii Peyr is a perennial plant endemic to central Mexico that has been widely used for its diuretic effect, but the responsible compound of this effect is unknown as well as the mechanism by which the diuretic effect is achieved. Geraniin is one of the compounds isolated from this kind of geranium. This study was designed to determinate whether geraniin possesses diuretic activity and to elucidate the mechanism of action. Geraniin was extracted and purified from Geranium seemannii Peyr. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) Control, 2) 75 mg/kg of geraniin, 3) 20 mg/kg of furosemide, and 4) 10 mg/kg of hydrochlorothiazide. Each treatment was administered by gavage every 24 h for 7 days. The urinary excretion of electrolytes and the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) were determined. To uncover the molecular target of geraniin, Xenopus laevis oocytes were microinjected with cRNAs encoding the Na+-Cl- cotransporter (NCC) and the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter NKCC2 to functionally express these cotransporters. Geraniin significantly increased diuresis, natriuresis, and calciuresis to a similar extent as was observed in the furosemide-treated rats. Consistent with the furosemide-like effect, in X. laevis oocytes, geraniin significantly reduced the activity of NKCC2, with no effect on NCC activity. In contrast to furosemide, the effect of geraniin on NKCC2 was irreversible, apparently due to its inhibitory effect on heat shock protein 90. Our observations suggest that geraniin could have a potential role in the treatment of hypertension or edematous states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Moreno
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan A Gayosso
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - José R Montejano
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Georgina Almaguer
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Norma Vázquez
- Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristino Cruz
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Mercado
- Department of Nephrology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Norma A Bobadilla
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico.,Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Gamba
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico.,Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y de Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo León , México
| | - Alfredo Sierra
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Victoria Ramírez
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
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23
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Bakr RO, El-Naa MM, Zaghloul SS, Omar MM. Profile of bioactive compounds in Nymphaea alba L. leaves growing in Egypt: hepatoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:52. [PMID: 28095910 PMCID: PMC5240310 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Nymphaea alba L. represents an interesting field of study. Flowers have antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects, rhizomes constituents showed cytotoxic activity against liver cell carcinoma, while several Nymphaea species have been reported for their hepatoprotective effects. Leaves of N. alba have not been studied before. Therefore, in this study, in-depth characterization of the leaf phytoconstituents as well as its antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities have been performed where N. alba leaf extract was evaluated as a possible therapeutic alternative in hepatic disorders. Methods The aqueous ethanolic extract (AEE, 70%) was investigated for its polyphenolic content identified by high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HRESI-MS/MS), while the petroleum ether fraction was saponified, and the lipid profile was analysed using gas liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis and compared with reference standards. The hepatoprotective activity of two doses of the extract (100 and 200 mg/kg; P.O.) for 5 days was evaluated against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in male Wistar albino rats, in comparison with silymarin. Liver function tests; aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and total bilirubin were performed. Oxidative stress parameters; malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as well as inflammatory mediator; tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α were detected in the liver homogenate. Histopathological examination of the liver and immunohistochemical staining of caspase-3 were performed Results Fifty-three compounds were tentatively identified for the first time in N.alba leaf extract, where ellagitannins represent the main identified constituents. Nine hydrocarbons, two sterols and eleven fatty acids were identified in the petroleum ether extract where, palmitic acid and linolenic acids represented the major saturated and unsaturated fatty acid respectively. N.alba AEE significantly improved the liver function, oxidative stress parameters as well as TNF-α in addition to the amelioration of histopathological features of the liver and a profound decrease in caspase-3 expression. Conclusion These results shed light on the hepatoprotective effect of N. alba that is comparable with that of silymarin. The antioxidant activities of N. alba extract in addition to the inhibition of crucial inflammatory mediator, as TNF-α, might be the possible hepatoprotective mechanisms.
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Plant-Derived Agents for Counteracting Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4320374. [PMID: 27774117 PMCID: PMC5059613 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4320374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CSP) is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used to treat a variety of malignancies. The major setback with CSP treatment is that its clinical efficacy is compromised by its induction of organ toxicity, particular to the kidneys and ears. Despite the significant strides that have been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying CSP-induced renal toxicity, advances in developing renoprotective strategies are still lacking. In addition, the renoprotective approaches described in the literature reveal partial amelioration of CSP-induced renal toxicity, stressing the need to develop potent combinatorial/synergistic agents for the mitigation of renal toxicity. However, the ideal renoprotective adjuvant should not interfere with the anticancer efficacy of CSP. In this review, we have discussed the progress made in utilizing plant-derived agents (phytochemicals) to combat CSP-induced nephrotoxicity in preclinical studies. Furthermore, we have also presented strategies to utilize phytochemicals as prototypes for the development of novel renoprotective agents for counteracting chemotherapy-induced renal damage.
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Rhus javanica Gall Extract Inhibits the Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Osteoclasts and Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:3284704. [PMID: 27313644 PMCID: PMC4904098 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3284704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption is a therapeutic strategy for the management of postmenopausal bone loss. This study investigated the effects of Rhus javanica (R. javanica) extracts on bone marrow cultures to develop agents from natural sources that may prevent osteoclastogenesis. Extracts of R. javanica (eGr) cocoons spun by Rhus javanica (Bell.) Baker inhibited the osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The effects of aqueous extract (aeGr) or 100% ethanolic extract (eeGr) on ovariectomy- (OVX-) induced bone loss were investigated by various biochemical assays. Furthermore, microcomputed tomography (µCT) was performed to study bone remodeling. Oral administration of eGr (30 mg or 100 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks) augmented the inhibition of femoral bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and other factors involved in bone remodeling when compared to OVX controls. Additionally, eGr slightly decreased bone turnover markers that were increased by OVX. Therefore, it may be suggested that the protective effects of eGr could have originated from the suppression of OVX-induced increase in bone turnover. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that eGr has potential to activate bone remodeling by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and bone loss.
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Ismail T, Calcabrini C, Diaz AR, Fimognari C, Turrini E, Catanzaro E, Akhtar S, Sestili P. Ellagitannins in Cancer Chemoprevention and Therapy. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8050151. [PMID: 27187472 PMCID: PMC4885066 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8050151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is universally accepted that diets rich in fruit and vegetables lead to reduction in the risk of common forms of cancer and are useful in cancer prevention. Indeed edible vegetables and fruits contain a wide variety of phytochemicals with proven antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and chemopreventive activity; moreover, some of these phytochemicals also display direct antiproliferative activity towards tumor cells, with the additional advantage of high tolerability and low toxicity. The most important dietary phytochemicals are isothiocyanates, ellagitannins (ET), polyphenols, indoles, flavonoids, retinoids, tocopherols. Among this very wide panel of compounds, ET represent an important class of phytochemicals which are being increasingly investigated for their chemopreventive and anticancer activities. This article reviews the chemistry, the dietary sources, the pharmacokinetics, the evidence on chemopreventive efficacy and the anticancer activity of ET with regard to the most sensitive tumors, as well as the mechanisms underlying their clinically-valuable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Ismail
- Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan; (T.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Cinzia Calcabrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti 26, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy;
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Anna Rita Diaz
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti 26, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy;
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Catanzaro
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy; (C.C.); (C.F.); (E.T.); (E.C.)
| | - Saeed Akhtar
- Institute of Food Science & Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, Multan 60800, Punjab, Pakistan; (T.I.); (S.A.)
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via I Maggetti 26, 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)-722-303-414
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Sekowski S, Ionov M, Dubis A, Mavlyanov S, Bryszewska M, Zamaraeva M. Biomolecular Interactions of Tannin Isolated from Oenothera gigas with Liposomes. J Membr Biol 2015; 249:171-9. [PMID: 26621636 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the interaction between hydrolysable tannin 1-O-galloyl-4,6-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-β-D-glucose (OGβDG) with neutral liposomes as a model of cell membranes composed of three lipids: lecithin, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) at different mass ratios. OGβDG in the concentration range 0.5-15 µg/ml (0.4-12 µM) strongly interacts with liposomal membranes by changing their structure, surface charge and fluidity. Used OGβDG molecules decrease and increase the rigidity of hydrophilic surface and hydrophobic parts of liposomes, respectively. At higher concentrations of tannin (>15 µM), liposomes are aggregated. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis showed that mainly -OH groups from OGβDG and also PO(2-) groups from phospholipids are responsible for the interaction. Obtained data indicate the importance of membrane lipid composition in interactions between tannins and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Sekowski
- Department of Biophysics, Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bialystok, 15-950, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Maksim Ionov
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Alina Dubis
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bialystok, 15-950, Bialystok, Poland.,Bio-Nano-Techno Center, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bialystok, 15-950, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Saidmukhtar Mavlyanov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Science of Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent-143, Uzbekistan
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maria Zamaraeva
- Department of Biophysics, Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Bialystok, 15-950, Bialystok, Poland
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Serna DMO, Martínez JHI. Phenolics and Polyphenolics from Melastomataceae Species. Molecules 2015; 20:17818-47. [PMID: 26404220 PMCID: PMC6332314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201017818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Melastomataceae family, the seventh largest flowering plants, has been studied in several fronts of natural product chemistry, including terpenoids, simple phenolics, flavonoids, quinones, lignans and their glycosides, as well as a vast range of tannins or polyphenols. This review concerns the phenolic and polyphenolic metabolites described in the literature for several genera of this family, the mode of isolation and purification, and the structure elucidation of these new natural products that has been achieved by extensive spectral analyses, including ESI-MS, ¹H-, (13)C-NMR spectra and two-dimensional experiments, COSY, TOCSY, J-resolved, NOESY, HMQC, DEPT, and HMBC, as well as chemical and enzymatic degradations and the chemotaxonomic meaning. Finally, a general biogenetic pathway map for ellagitannins is proposed on the bases of the most plausible free radical C-O oxidative coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Marcela Ocampo Serna
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales y Alimentos (GIPNA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle, Edificio 320, Oficina 2096, Ciudad Universitaria-Meléndez, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali 760032, Colombia.
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Calle 65 No. 26-10, Manizales 170004, Colombia.
| | - José Hipólito Isaza Martínez
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales y Alimentos (GIPNA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad del Valle, Edificio 320, Oficina 2096, Ciudad Universitaria-Meléndez, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Cali 760032, Colombia.
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Liu S, Chen R, Hagedorn CH. Tannic Acid Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Entry into Huh7.5 Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131358. [PMID: 26186636 PMCID: PMC4505941 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Although antiviral therapy has dramatically improved recently, a number of patients remain untreated and some do not clear infection with treatment. Viral entry is an essential step in initiating and maintaining chronic HCV infections. One dramatic example of this is the nearly 100% infection of newly transplanted livers in patients with chronic hepatitis C. HCV entry inhibitors could play a critical role in preventing HCV infection of newly transplanted livers. Tannic acid, a polymer of gallic acid and glucose molecules, is a plant-derived polyphenol that defends some plants from insects and microbial infections. It has been shown to have a variety of biological effects, including antiviral activity, and is used as a flavoring agent in foods and beverages. In this study, we demonstrate that tannic acid is a potent inhibitor of HCV entry into Huh7.5 cells at low concentrations (IC50 5.8 μM). It also blocks cell-to-cell spread in infectious HCV cell cultures, but does not inhibit HCV replication following infection. Moreover, experimental results indicate that tannic acid inhibits an early step of viral entry, such as the docking of HCV at the cell surface. Gallic acid, tannic acid’s structural component, did not show any anti-HCV activity including inhibition of HCV entry or replication at concentrations up to 25 μM. It is possible the tannin structure is related on the effect on HCV inhibition. Tannic acid, which is widely distributed in plants and foods, has HCV antiviral activity in cell culture at low micromolar concentrations, may provide a relative inexpensive adjuvant to direct-acting HCV antivirals and warrants future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanghu Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Ren Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Curt H Hagedorn
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America; Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, AR, United States of America; Program in Genetics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, AR, United States of America; The Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
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Velderrain-Rodríguez GR, Ovando-Martínez M, Villegas-Ochoa M, Ayala-Zavala JF, Wall-Medrano A, Álvarez-Parrilla E, Madera-Santana TJ, Astiazarán-García H, Tortoledo-Ortiz O, González-Aguilar GA. Antioxidant Capacity and Bioaccessibility of Synergic Mango (cv. Ataulfo) Peel Phenolic Compounds in Edible Coatings Applied to Fresh-Cut Papaya. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2015.63037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sakagami H. Biological activities and possible dental application of three major groups of polyphenols. J Pharmacol Sci 2014; 126:92-106. [PMID: 25263279 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.14r04cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present article reviewed the biological activities and possible dental application of three major polyphenols, i.e., lignin-carbohydrate complexes, tannins, and flavonoids, citing mostly our in vitro studies together with those from other groups. All these polyphenols showed much lower tumor-selective cytotoxicity against oral squamous cell carcinoma cells vs. normal oral cells (gingival fibroblast, pulp cell, periodontal ligament fibroblast), in comparison to popular chemotherapeutic antitumor drugs. Several compounds showing higher tumor-selectivity did not induce internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis, in oral carcinoma cell lines. Lignin-carbohydrate complex protected the cells from the cytopathic effects of HIV infection and UV irradiation more efficiently than other polyphenols. Limited digestion of lignin-carbohydrate complex suggests that the lignin moiety is involved in the prominent anti-HIV activity, whereas the carbohydrate moiety may function in immunopotentiating activity through a cell surface receptor. Alkaline extract of plant leaf, which contains higher amounts of lignin-carbohydrate complex, showed potent anti-inflammatory action against IL-1β-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts. Local application of lignin-carbohydrate complex through oral mucosa is recommended, considering its poor intestinal absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sakagami
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Japan
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Akomolafe SF, Akinyemi AJ, Anadozie SO. Phenolic Acids (Gallic and Tannic Acids) Modulate Antioxidant Status and Cisplatin Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:984709. [PMID: 27382634 PMCID: PMC4897306 DOI: 10.1155/2014/984709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) or CDDP), used in the treatment of many solid-tissue cancers, has its chief side-effect in nephrotoxicity. Hence, this study sought to investigate and compare the protective effect of gallic acid (GA) and tannic acid (TA) against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The rats were given a prophylactic treatment of GA and TA orally at a dose of 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight for 7 consecutive days before the administration of a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of cisplatin (CP) at 7.5 mg/kg bwt. The protective effects of both GA and TA on CP induced nephrotoxicity were investigated by assaying renal function, oxidative stress biomarkers, and histopathological examination of kidney architecture. A single dose of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg bwt) injected i.p. caused a significant increase in some biomarkers of renal function (creatinine, uric acid, and urea levels), with a marked elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) content accompanied by a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) content (103.27%) of kidney tissue as compared to control group. Furthermore, a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in kidney antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, GPx, and GST) activity was observed. However, pretreatment with oral administration of tannic acid and gallic acid at a dose of 20 and 40 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for 7 days prior to cisplatin administration reduced histological renal damage and suppressed the generation of ROS, lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress in kidney tissues. These results indicate that both gallic and tannic acids could serve as a preventive strategy against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seun F. Akomolafe
- Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, P.M.B 5363, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ayodele J. Akinyemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
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Douat C, Berni E, Jacquet R, Pouységu L, Deffieux D, Quideau S. Protecting-Group-Free Solid-Phase Anchoring of PolyphenolicC-Glucosidic Ellagitannins and Synthesis of 1-Alkylamino-Vescalagin Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ito H, Li P, Koreishi M, Nagatomo A, Nishida N, Yoshida T. Ellagitannin oligomers and a neolignan from pomegranate arils and their inhibitory effects on the formation of advanced glycation end products. Food Chem 2014; 152:323-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Fan H, Wu D, Tian W, Ma X. Inhibitory effects of tannic acid on fatty acid synthase and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2013; 1831:1260-6. [PMID: 24046866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tannic acid is a hydrolyzable tannin that exists in many widespread edible plants with a variety of biological activities. In this study, we found that tannic acid potently inhibited the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in a concentration-dependent manner with a half-inhibitory concentration value (IC50) of 0.14 microM. The inhibition kinetic results showed that the inhibition of FAS by tannic acid was mixed competitive and noncompetitive manner with respect to acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, but uncompetitive to NADPH. Tannic acid prevented the differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, and thus repressed intracellular lipid accumulation. In the meantime, tannic acid decreased the expression of FAS and down-regulated the mRNA level of FAS and PPARgamma during adipocyte differentiation. Further studies showed that the inhibitory effect of tannic acid did not relate to FAS non-specific sedimentation. Since FAS was believed to be a therapeutic target of obesity, these findings suggested that tannic acid was considered having potential in the prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijin Fan
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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Vassallo A, Vaccaro MC, De Tommasi N, Dal Piaz F, Leone A. Identification of the plant compound geraniin as a novel Hsp90 inhibitor. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74266. [PMID: 24066128 PMCID: PMC3774728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides its function in normal cellular growth, the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) binds to a large number of client proteins required for promoting cancer cell growth and/or survival. In an effort to discover new small molecules able to inhibit the Hsp90 ATPase and chaperoning activities, we screened, by a surface plasmon resonance assay, a small library including different plant polyphenols. The ellagitannin geraniin, was identified as the most promising molecule, showing a binding affinity to Hsp90α similar to that of 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AGG). Geraniin was able to inhibit in vitro the Hsp90α ATPase activity in a dose−dependent manner, with an inhibitory efficiency comparable to that measured for 17-AAG. In addition, this compound compromised the chaperone activity of Hsp90α, monitored by the citrate synthase thermal induced aggregation assay. Geraniin decreased the viability of HeLa and Jurkat cell lines and caused an arrest in G2/M phase. We also proved that following exposure to different concentrations of geraniin, the level of expression of the client proteins c-Raf, pAkt, and EGFR was strongly down−regulated in both the cell lines. These results, along with the finding that geraniin did not exert any appreciable cytotoxicity on normal cells, encourage further studies on this compound as a promising chemical scaffold for the design of new Hsp90 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vassallo
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Antonella Leone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
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Kwon OJ, Bae JS, Lee HY, Hwang JY, Lee EW, Ito H, Kim TH. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory gallotannins from Galla Rhois with inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Molecules 2013; 18:10629-38. [PMID: 24002138 PMCID: PMC6269876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180910629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-guided isolation of a methanolic extract of Galla Rhois using pancreatic lipase and 3T3-L1 adipocytes led to the isolation of seven phenolic compounds: protoaphin-fb (1), 2-O-digalloyl-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (2), 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (3), 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (4), 3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-phenol 1-O-β-d-glucoside (5), methylgallate (6), and gallic acid (7). Their structures were established on the basis of NMR and MS spectroscopic data interpretation. All isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase, and compounds 1-5 exhibited potent inhibitory effects on this enzyme, with IC50 values ranging from 30.6 ± 2.4 to 3.5 ± 0.5 μM. In addition, the highly galloylated compound 2 was also found to induce potent inhibition of adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Jun Kwon
- Daegyeong Institute for Regional Program Evaluation, Gyeongsan 712-210, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-S.B.); (H.Y.L.)
| | - Ha Yeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-S.B.); (H.Y.L.)
| | - Ju-Young Hwang
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongeui University, Busan 614-714, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Hideyuki Ito
- Faculty of Health and Welfare Sciences, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama 719-1197, Japan; E-Mails:
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Korea
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +82-53-819-1371; Fax: +82-53-819-1339
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Patel SS, Goyal RK. Cardioprotective effects of gallic acid in diabetes-induced myocardial dysfunction in rats. Pharmacognosy Res 2012; 3:239-45. [PMID: 22224046 PMCID: PMC3249782 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.89743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Normalization of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress is an important objective in preventing diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to examine the effects of gallic acid in myocardial dysfunctions associated with type-1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diabetes was induced by single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg i.v.). Gallic acid was administered daily at three different doses (100, 50, and 25 mg/kg p.o.) for 8 weeks at the end of which blood samples were collected and analyzed for various biochemical parameters. RESULTS Injection of STZ produced significant loss of body weight (BW), polyphagia, polydypsia, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, bradycardia, and myocardial functional alterations. Treatment with gallic acid significantly lowered fasting glucose, the AUC(glucose) level in a dose-dependent manner; however, the insulin level was not increased significantly at same the dose and prevented loss of BW, polyphagia, and polydypsia in diabetic rats. It also prevented STZ-induced hyperlipidemia, hypertension, bradycardia, structural alterations in cardiac tissue such as increase in force of contraction, left ventricular weight to body weight ratio, collagen content, protein content, serum lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase levels in a dose-dependent manner. Further, treatment also produced reduction in lipid peroxidation and increase in antioxidant parameters in heart of diabetic rats. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that gallic acid to be beneficial for the treatment of myocardial damage associated with type-1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal S Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382 481, India
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Malik G, Natangelo A, Charris J, Pouységu L, Manfredini S, Cavagnat D, Buffeteau T, Deffieux D, Quideau S. Synthetic Studies toward C-Glucosidic Ellagitannins: A Biomimetic Total Synthesis of 5-O-Desgalloylepipunicacortein A. Chemistry 2012; 18:9063-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Antioxidative properties of functional polyphenols and their metabolites assessed by an ORAC assay. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:395-9. [PMID: 22313776 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.110717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We compared the antioxidative activities of polyphenol metabolites with those of intact functional polyphenols by an assay of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). The metabolites of ellagitannin geraniin, chlorogenic acid, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate displayed more potent antioxidative activity than their respective original compounds. Our findings suggest that these metabolites may play important roles as biological antioxidants after their consumption.
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Tannic acid is more effective than clofibrate for the elevation of hepatic β-oxidation and the inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase and aortic lesion formation in apo E-deficient mice. Br J Nutr 2011; 106:1855-63. [PMID: 21736774 DOI: 10.1017/s000711451100256x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of tannic acid (TA) supplementation (0·02 %, wt/wt) were compared with the effects of clofibrate (CF) supplementation (0·02 %, wt/wt) in apo E-deficient (apo E(- / -)) mice fed a AIN-76 semi-synthetic diet (normal diet) over 20 weeks. The mice were monitored for the modulation of hepatic mRNA expression and the activities of lipid-regulating enzymes. Both TA and CF supplementation lowered hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) activity and prevented atherosclerotic lesion formation in comparison with the control group. Hepatic carnitine palmitoyl transferase and β-oxidation activities were significantly higher in the TA and CF groups than in the control group. Both CF and TA supplementation resulted in significant decreases in hepatic HMGR mRNA levels in association with its enzyme activity. However, in contrast to CF supplementation, TA supplementation seemed to decrease the accumulation of hepatic lipids in the apo E(- / -) mice without increasing liver weight. These results suggest that the overall effect of TA is more desirable than CF for the alleviation of hepatic lipogenesis and atherogenesis in apo E(- / -) mice.
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Quideau S, Deffieux D, Douat-Casassus C, Pouységu L. Pflanzliche Polyphenole: chemische Eigenschaften, biologische Aktivität und Synthese. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Quideau S, Deffieux D, Douat-Casassus C, Pouységu L. Plant polyphenols: chemical properties, biological activities, and synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:586-621. [PMID: 21226137 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1508] [Impact Index Per Article: 116.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables per day! This is what is highly recommended and heavily advertised nowadays to the general public to stay fit and healthy! Drinking green tea on a regular basis, eating chocolate from time to time, as well as savoring a couple of glasses of red wine per day have been claimed to increase life expectancy even further! Why? The answer is in fact still under scientific scrutiny, but a particular class of compounds naturally occurring in fruits and vegetables is considered to be crucial for the expression of such human health benefits: the polyphenols! What are these plant products really? What are their physicochemical properties? How do they express their biological activity? Are they really valuable for disease prevention? Can they be used to develop new pharmaceutical drugs? What recent progress has been made toward their preparation by organic synthesis? This Review gives answers from a chemical perspective, summarizes the state of the art, and highlights the most significant advances in the field of polyphenol research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Quideau
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (CNRS-UMR 5255), 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France.
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KONDO K, NAKAMURA K, HAMAUZU Y, KAWAHARA T, SANSAWA H, SUZUKI M, YASUI H. Inhibitory Effect of Fermented Grape Pomace on Degranulation in RBL-2H3 Cells and an Analysis of Its Active Ingredients. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.17.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kim T, Silva J, Kim M, Jung Y. Enhanced antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity of tannic acid by thermal processing. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yoshida T, Amakura Y, Yoshimura M. Structural features and biological properties of ellagitannins in some plant families of the order Myrtales. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:79-106. [PMID: 20162003 PMCID: PMC2820991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2009] [Revised: 12/25/2009] [Accepted: 01/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant tannins, including hydrolysable and condensed varieties, are well known antioxidants in medicinal plants, foods, and edible fruits. Their diverse biological properties and potential for disease prevention have been demonstrated by various in vitro and in vivo assays. A number of ellagitannins, the largest group of hydrolysable tannins, have been isolated from dicotyledoneous angiosperms and characterized. This diverse class of tannins is sub-grouped into simple ellagitannins, C-glycosidic ellagitannins, complex tannins (condensates of C-glycosidic tannins with flavan-3-ol), and oligomers up to pentamers. This review outlines and describes the chemotaxonomic significance of structural features in various types of ellagitannins found in plants belonging to the Myrtaceae, Onagraceae, and Melastomataceae families, which are all included in the order Myrtales. Any biological activities that have been reported, including antitumor and antibacterial effects as well as enzyme inhibition, are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshida
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan; E-Mails:
(Y.A.);
(M.Y.)
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan; E-Mails:
(Y.A.);
(M.Y.)
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan; E-Mails:
(Y.A.);
(M.Y.)
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SUGIMOTO K, NAKAGAWA K, HAYASHI S, AMAKURA Y, YOSHIMURA M, YOSHIDA T, YAMAJI R, NAKANO Y, INUI H. Hydrolyzable Tannins as Antioxidants in the Leaf Extract of Eucalyptus globulus Possessing Tyrosinase and Hyaluronidase Inhibitory Activities. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2009. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.15.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Maeda H, Matsuo Y, Tanaka T, Kouno I. Euscaphinin, a New Ellagitannin Dimer from Euscaphis japonica (THUNB.) KANITZ. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:421-3. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Maeda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
- Nagasaki Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station
| | - Yosuke Matsuo
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Isao Kouno
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
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SAFITHRI MEGA, FAHMA FARAH. Potency of Piper crocatum Decoction as an Antihiperglycemia in Rat Strain Sprague dawley. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2008. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.15.1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Latté KP, Kaloga M, Schäfer A, Kolodziej H. An ellagitannin, n-butyl gallate, two aryltetralin lignans, and an unprecedented diterpene ester from Pelargonium reniforme. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:820-826. [PMID: 17964619 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2007] [Revised: 08/29/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The structural diversity of the metabolic pool of Pelargonium reniforme was extended by the characterization of the 1C4-glucose based ellagitannin pelargoniin E, gallic acid n-butyl ester, (-)-4,4',9'-trihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-2,7'-cyclolignan 9-O-beta-glucopyranoside and reniformin, a diterpene ester comprised of a diterpene acid with an uncommon -(CH2)(2)- bridging element linked to 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethansulfonic acid. These metabolites were associated with the known (alpha,beta)-3,4-di-O-galloyl-glucopyranoside, 4,6-dihydroxy-2beta-glucopyranosyloxyacetophenone, 1-O-galloylglycerol, 6'-O-galloylsalidroside and (+)-isolariciresinol-9'-O-beta-glucopyranoside. All structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Peter Latté
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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