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Germana MA, Aleza P, Carrera E, Chen C, Chiancone B, Costantino G, Dambier D, Deng X, Federici CT, Froelicher Y, Guo W, Ibáñez V, Juárez J, Kwok K, Luro F, Machado MA, Naranjo MA, Navarro L, Ollitrault P, Ríos G, Roose ML, Talon M, Xu Q, Gmitter FG. Cytological and molecular characterization of three gametoclones of Citrus clementina. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 13:129. [PMID: 24020638 PMCID: PMC3847870 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-13-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three gametoclonal plants of Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan., cv. Nules, designated ESP, FRA, and ITA (derived from three labs in Spain, France, and Italy, respectively), were selected for cytological and molecular characterization in order to elucidate genomic rearrangements provoked by haploidization. The study included comparisons of their ploidy, homozygosity, genome integrity, and gene dosage, using chromosome counting, flow cytometry, SSR marker genotyping, and array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization (array-CGH). RESULTS Chromosome counting and flow cytometry revealed that ESP and FRA were haploid, but ITA was tri-haploid. Homozygous patterns, represented by a single peak (allele), were observed among the three plants at almost all SSR loci distributed across the entire diploid donor genome. Those few loci with extra peaks visualized as output from automated sequencing runs, generally low or ambiguous, might result from amplicons of paralogous members at the locus, non-specific sites, or unexpected recombinant alleles. No new alleles were found, suggesting the genomes remained stable and intact during gametogenesis and regeneration. The integrity of the haploid genome also was supported by array-CGH studies, in which genomic profiles were comparable to the diploid control. CONCLUSIONS The presence of few gene hybridization abnormalities, corroborated by gene dosage measurements, were hypothetically due to the segregation of hemizygous alleles and minor genomic rearrangements occurring during the haploidization procedure. In conclusion, these plants that are valuable genetic and breeding materials contain completely homozygous and essentially intact genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta Germana
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Viale delle Scienze, 11, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | - Pablo Aleza
- IVIA, Centro de Proteccion Vegetal y Biotecnologia, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Chunxian Chen
- University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
- USDA-ARS, Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Laboratory, Byron, GA, USA
| | - Benedetta Chiancone
- Università degli Studi di Palermo, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Forestali, Viale delle Scienze, 11, Palermo 90128, Italy
| | | | - Dominique Dambier
- CIRAD, Département “Systèmes Biologiques” Unité de Recherche ‘Multiplication Végétative’ Montpellier, Paris, France
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Claire T Federici
- University of California, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yann Froelicher
- CIRAD, Département “Systèmes Biologiques” Unité de Recherche ‘Multiplication Végétative’ Montpellier, Paris, France
| | - Wenwu Guo
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - José Juárez
- IVIA, Centro de Proteccion Vegetal y Biotecnologia, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kevin Kwok
- University of California, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Marcos A Machado
- Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Centro APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira, Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Navarro
- IVIA, Centro de Proteccion Vegetal y Biotecnologia, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patrick Ollitrault
- CIRAD, Département “Systèmes Biologiques” Unité de Recherche ‘Multiplication Végétative’ Montpellier, Paris, France
| | - Gabino Ríos
- IVIA, Centro de Genómica, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mikeal L Roose
- University of California, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Manuel Talon
- IVIA, Centro de Genómica, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Qiang Xu
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fred G Gmitter
- University of Florida, Citrus Research and Education Center, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
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4
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Germanà MA. Gametic embryogenesis and haploid technology as valuable support to plant breeding. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:839-57. [PMID: 21431908 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-011-1061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant breeding is focused on continuously increasing crop production to meet the needs of an ever-growing world population, improving food quality to ensure a long and healthy life and address the problems of global warming and environment pollution, together with the challenges of developing novel sources of biofuels. The breeders' search for novel genetic combinations, with which to select plants with improved traits to satisfy both farmers and consumers, is endless. About half of the dramatic increase in crop yield obtained in the second half of the last century has been achieved thanks to the results of genetic improvement, while the residual advance has been due to the enhanced management techniques (pest and disease control, fertilization, and irrigation). Biotechnologies provide powerful tools for plant breeding, and among these ones, tissue culture, particularly haploid and doubled haploid technology, can effectively help to select superior plants. In fact, haploids (Hs), which are plants with gametophytic chromosome number, and doubled haploids (DHs), which are haploids that have undergone chromosome duplication, represent a particularly attractive biotechnological method to accelerate plant breeding. Currently, haploid technology, making possible through gametic embryogenesis the single-step development of complete homozygous lines from heterozygous parents, has already had a huge impact on agricultural systems of many agronomically important crops, representing an integral part in their improvement programmes. The aim of this review was to provide some background, recent advances, and future prospective on the employment of haploid technology through gametic embryogenesis as a powerful tool to support plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta Germanà
- Dipartimento DEMETRA, Facoltà di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 11, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
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5
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Froelicher Y, Bassene JB, Jedidi-Neji E, Dambier D, Morillon R, Bernardini G, Costantino G, Ollitrault P. Induced parthenogenesis in mandarin for haploid production: induction procedures and genetic analysis of plantlets. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2007; 26:937-44. [PMID: 17318461 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-007-0314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Revised: 01/30/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on haploid induction in mandarin through in situ gynogenesis by pollination with irradiated pollen of 'Meyer' lemon. Pollination was carried out for three genotypes of mandarin with four levels of gamma-ray-irradiated pollen (150, 300, 600, and 900 Gy). The resulting seeds were characterised by a small size. Embryos were rescued in vitro and the ploidy level of the plantlets was determined by flow cytometry analysis. Haploid, diploid, triploid plantlets were obtained. The haploid parthenogenetic origin was confirmed using microsatellite marker analysis and chromosome count. Diploid and triploid plants were the result of crosses between mandarin and lemon. The induction of gynogenetic haploids of 'Fortune' (Citrus clementina Hort ex Tan. x Citrus tangerina Hort ex Tan.) and 'Ellendale' (Citrus reticulata Blanco x Citrus sinensis L. Osb) is reported here for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Froelicher
- Unité de Recherche Multiplication végétative, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), San Giuliano 20230, France.
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