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Fungistatic Mechanism of Ammonia against Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora, and Strategy for This Fungus To Survive Ammonia. mSystems 2021; 6:e0087921. [PMID: 34519525 PMCID: PMC8547478 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00879-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil fungistasis is a phenomenon in which the germination and growth of fungal propagules is widely inhibited in soils. Although fungistatic compounds are known to play important roles in the formation of soil fungistasis, how such compounds act on soil fungi is little studied. In this study, it was found that ammonia (NH3) induced global protein misfolding marked by increased ubiquitination levels of proteins (ubiquitylome data and Western blot verification). The misfolded proteins should trigger the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which was indicated by electron microscope image and proteome data. Results from the mutants of BiP and proteasome subunit alpha 7 suggested that ER stress played a mechanistic role in inhibiting conidial germination. Results from proteome data indicated that, to survive ammonia fungistasis, conidia first activated the unfolded protein response (UPR) to decrease ER stress and restore ER protein homeostasis, and the function of UPR in surviving ammonia was confirmed by using mutant strains. Second, ammonia toxicity could be reduced by upregulating carbon metabolism-related proteins, which benefited ammonia fixation. The results that metabolites (especially glutamate) could relieve the ammonia fungistasis confirmed this indirectly. Finally, results from gene knockout mutants also suggested that the fungistatic mechanism of ammonia is common for soil fungistasis. This study increased our knowledge regarding the mechanism of soil fungistasis and provided potential new strategies for manipulating soil fungistasis. IMPORTANCE Soil fungistasis is a phenomenon in which the germination and growth of fungal propagules is widely inhibited in soil. Although fungistatic compounds are known to play important roles in the formation of soil fungistasis, how such compounds act on soil fungi remains little studied. This study revealed an endoplasmic reticulum stress-related fungistatic mechanism with which ammonia acts on Arthrobotrys oligospora and a survival strategy of conidia under ammonia inhibition. Our study provides the first mechanistic explanation of how ammonia impacts fungal spore germination, and the mechanism may be common for soil fungistasis. This study increases our knowledge regarding the mechanism of soil fungistasis in fungal spores and provides potential new strategies for manipulating soil fungistasis.
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Soliman MS, El-Deriny MM, Ibrahim DSS, Zakaria H, Ahmed Y. Suppression of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on tomato plants using the nematode trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora Fresenius. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:2402-2415. [PMID: 33837626 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aims of the study were to isolate and characterize the nematode trapping fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora, to investigate the suppressive and predacious activities of the fungus against Meloidogyne incognita and to study the potentiality of A. oligospora in controlling root-knot caused by M. incognita on tomato plants. METHODS AND RESULTS Arthrobotrys oligospora (MRDS 300) was isolated from sandy soil samples collected from Al-Beheira, Egypt. In vitro experiments revealed a high efficiency of the fungus in capturing and suppressing M. incognita second juveniles (J2 ). Microscopic observations showed that the fungus develops adhesive traps consisting of loops of hyphae. Moreover, an in vitro experiment showed that the culture filtrate of A. oligospora had a high toxic effect on the nematode. Pot experiments carried out in two seasons (2018-2019) showed that A. oligospora significantly suppressed root knot on tomato plants caused by M. incognita. The number of females, galls and nematodes in different developing stages were reduced significantly. The treatment with A. oligospora had a prominent effect on enhancing plant growth. CONCLUSION Arthrobotrys oligospora had significant suppressive and predacious effects against root-knot nematode, M. incognita. The fungus developed different forms of trapping devices in addition to secreting toxic metabolites to M. incognita. The fungus had a plant-growth promoting effect. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Arthrobotrys oligospora (MRDS 300) is a potential biological control agent that can be utilized in controlling the root-knot diseases caused by M. incognita.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Soliman
- Plant Quarantine Pathogens Laboratory, Mycology Research & Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - M M El-Deriny
- Nematode Diseases Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - D S S Ibrahim
- Nematode Diseases Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - H Zakaria
- Plant Quarantine Pathogens Laboratory, Mycology Research & Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Y Ahmed
- Plant Quarantine Pathogens Laboratory, Mycology Research & Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
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Role of Useful Fungi in Agriculture Sustainability. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60659-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Teng LL, Song TY, Chen YH, Chen YG, Zhang KQ, Li SH, Niu XM. Novel Polyketide-Terpenoid Hybrid Metabolites from a Potent Nematicidal Arthrobotrys oligospora Mutant Δ AOL_s00215g278. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11449-11458. [PMID: 32924475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here, we reported that detailed investigation on trace targeted metabolites from nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora mutant with deletion of P450 gene AOL_s00215g278 led to isolation of 9 new polyketide-terpenoid hybrid derivatives, including four new glycosides of the key precursor farnesyl hydrotoluquinol (1) and, surprisingly, four new sesquiterpenyl epoxy-cyclohexenoids (SECs) analogues. Among them, two major target metabolites 1 and 14 displayed moderate nematode inhibitory ability. Moreover, the mutant lacking AOL_s00215g278 could form far more nematode-capturing traps within 6 h in contact with nematodes and show rapid potent nematicidal activity with killing 93.7% preys, though deletion of the P450 gene resulted in dramatic decrease in fungal colony growth and failure to produce fungal conidia. The results unequivocally revealed that gene AOL_s00215g278 should be involved in not only the SEC biosynthetic pathway in the nematode-trapping fungus A. oligospora but also fungal conidiation and nematicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Teng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Gui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources & Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
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Devi G. Utilization of Nematode Destroying Fungi for Management of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes-A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.13005/bbra/2642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nematode destroying fungi are potential biocontrol agent for management of plant-parasitic nematodes. They inhibit nematode population through trapping devices or by means of enzymes and metabolic products. They regulate nematode behavior by interfering plant-nematode recognition, and promote plant growth. For more effective biocontrol, thorough understanding of the biology of nematode destroying fungi, targeted nematode pest and the soil ecology and environmental condition in the field is necessary. This review highlights different types of nematode destroying fungi, their mode of action as well as commercial products based on reports published in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Devi
- Department of Nematology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785013, Assam, India
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Song TY, Xu ZF, Chen YH, Ding QY, Sun YR, Miao Y, Zhang KQ, Niu XM. Potent Nematicidal Activity and New Hybrid Metabolite Production by Disruption of a Cytochrome P450 Gene Involved in the Biosynthesis of Morphological Regulatory Arthrosporols in Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4111-4120. [PMID: 28475838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Types of polyketide synthase-terpenoid synthase (PKS-TPS) hybrid metabolites, including arthrosporols with significant morphological regulatory activity, have been elucidated from nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. A previous study suggested that the gene cluster AOL_s00215 in A. oligospora was involved in the production of arthrosporols. Here, we report that disruption of one cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene AOL_s00215g280 in the cluster resulted in significant phenotypic difference and much aerial hyphae. A further bioassay indicated that the mutant showed a dramatic decrease in the conidial formation but developed numerous traps and killed 85% nematodes within 6 h in contact with prey, in sharp contrast to the wild-type strain with no obvious response. Chemical investigation revealed huge accumulation of three new PKS-TPS epoxycyclohexone derivatives with different oxygenated patterns around the epoxycyclohexone moiety and the absence of arthrosporols in the cultural broth of the mutant ΔAOL_s00215g280. These findings suggested that a study on the biosynthetic pathway for morphological regulatory metabolites in nematode-trapping fungus would provide an efficient way to develop new fungal biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yan Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Rong Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources and Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Yunnan University , Kunming, Yunnan 650091, People's Republic of China
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Degenkolb T, Vilcinskas A. Metabolites from nematophagous fungi and nematicidal natural products from fungi as an alternative for biological control. Part I: metabolites from nematophagous ascomycetes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:3799-812. [PMID: 26715220 PMCID: PMC4824826 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7233-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes are estimated to cause global annual losses of more than US$ 100 billion. The number of registered nematicides has declined substantially over the last 25 years due to concerns about their non-specific mechanisms of action and hence their potential toxicity and likelihood to cause environmental damage. Environmentally beneficial and inexpensive alternatives to chemicals, which do not affect vertebrates, crops, and other non-target organisms, are therefore urgently required. Nematophagous fungi are natural antagonists of nematode parasites, and these offer an ecophysiological source of novel biocontrol strategies. In this first section of a two-part review article, we discuss 83 nematicidal and non-nematicidal primary and secondary metabolites found in nematophagous ascomycetes. Some of these substances exhibit nematicidal activities, namely oligosporon, 4',5'-dihydrooligosporon, talathermophilins A and B, phomalactone, aurovertins D and F, paeciloxazine, a pyridine carboxylic acid derivative, and leucinostatins. Blumenol A acts as a nematode attractant. Other substances, such as arthrosporols and paganins, play a decisive role in the life cycle of the producers, regulating the formation of reproductive or trapping organs. We conclude by considering the potential applications of these beneficial organisms in plant protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Degenkolb
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany. .,Department of Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Winchester Strasse 2, 35394, Giessen, Germany.
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Su H, Zhao Y, Zhou J, Feng H, Jiang D, Zhang KQ, Yang J. Trapping devices of nematode-trapping fungi: formation, evolution, and genomic perspectives. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 92:357-368. [PMID: 26526919 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) are potential biological control agents against plant- and animal-parasitic nematodes. These fungi produce diverse trapping devices (traps) to capture, kill, and digest nematodes as food sources. Most NTF can live as both saprophytes and parasites. Traps are not only the weapons that NTF use to capture and infect nematodes, but also an important indicator of their switch from a saprophytic to a predacious lifestyle. Formation of traps and their numbers are closely related to the nematicidal activity of NTF, so the mechanisms governing trap formation have become a focus of research on NTF. Recently, much progress has been made in our understanding of trap formation, evolution, and the genome, proteome and transcriptome of NTF. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in research on traps of NTF. Various inducers of trap formation, trap development, structural properties and evolution of traps are summarized and discussed. We specifically discuss the latest studies of NTF based on genomic, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Huihua Feng
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Dewei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Ke-Qin Zhang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Jinkui Yang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, and Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, Kunming, 650091, China
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