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Wu S, You F, Boughton B, Liu Y, Nguyen TAH, Wykes J, Southam G, Robertson LM, Chan TS, Lu YR, Lutz A, Yu D, Yi Q, Saha N, Huang L. Chemodiversity of Dissolved Organic Matter and Its Molecular Changes Driven by Rhizosphere Activities in Fe Ore Tailings Undergoing Eco-Engineered Pedogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:13045-13060. [PMID: 34565140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an important role in soil structure and biogeochemical function development, which are fundamental for the eco-engineering of tailings-soil formation to underpin sustainable tailings rehabilitation. In the present study, we have characterized the DOM composition and its molecular changes in an alkaline Fe ore tailing primed with organic matter (OM) amendment and plant colonization. The results demonstrated that microbial OM decomposition dramatically increased DOM richness and average molecular weight, as well as its degree of unsaturation, aromaticity, and oxidation in the tailings. Plant colonization drove molecular shifts of DOM by depleting the unsaturated compounds with a high value of nominal oxidation state of carbon (NOSC), such as tannin-like and carboxyl-rich polycyclic-like compounds. This may be partially related to their sequestration by secondary Fe-Si minerals formed from rhizosphere-driven mineral weathering. Furthermore, the molecular shifts of DOM may have also resulted from plant-regulated microbial community changes, which further influenced DOM molecules through microbial-DOM interactions. These findings contribute to the understanding of DOM biogeochemistry and ecofunctionality in the tailings during early pedogenesis driven by OM input and pioneer plant/microbial colonization, providing an important basis for the development of strategies and technologies toward the eco-engineering of tailings-soil formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Wu
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Fang You
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Berin Boughton
- Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia
| | - Yunjia Liu
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Tuan A H Nguyen
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jeremy Wykes
- Australian Synchrotron, Melbourne, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Gordon Southam
- School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Lachlan M Robertson
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ting-Shan Chan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Rui Lu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Centre, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Adrian Lutz
- Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Dingyi Yu
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Qing Yi
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Narottam Saha
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Longbin Huang
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Murgia M, Fiamma M, Barac A, Deligios M, Mazzarello V, Paglietti B, Cappuccinelli P, Al‐Qahtani A, Squartini A, Rubino S, Al‐Ahdal MN. Biodiversity of fungi in hot desert sands. Microbiologyopen 2019; 8:e00595. [PMID: 29504263 PMCID: PMC6341031 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal community of six sand samples from Saudi Arabia and Jordan deserts was characterized by culture-independent analysis via next generation sequencing of the 18S rRNA genes and by culture-dependent methods followed by sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. By 18S sequencing were identified from 163 to 507 OTUs per sample, with a percentage of fungi ranging from 3.5% to 82.7%. The identified fungal Phyla were Ascomycota, Basal fungi, and Basidiomycota and the most abundant detected classes were Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycetes, and Sordariomycetes. A total of 11 colonies of filamentous fungi were isolated and cultured from six samples, and the ITS sequencing pointed toward five different species of the class Sordariomycetes, belonging to genera Fusarium (F. redolens, F. solani, F. equiseti), Chaetomium (C. madrasense), and Albifimbria (A. terrestris). The results of this study show an unexpectedly large fungal biodiversity in the Middle East desert sand and their possible role and implications on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Murgia
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of SassariSassariItaly
| | - Maura Fiamma
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of SassariSassariItaly
| | - Aleksandra Barac
- Clinic for Infectious and Tropical DiseasesClinical Centre of SerbiaFaculty of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia
| | - Massimo Deligios
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of SassariSassariItaly
| | | | - Bianca Paglietti
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of SassariSassariItaly
| | | | - Ahmed Al‐Qahtani
- Department of Infection and ImmunityKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy Animals, Food, Natural Resources and EnvironmentDAFNAEUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Salvatore Rubino
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of SassariSassariItaly
- Department of Infection and ImmunityKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N. Al‐Ahdal
- Department of Infection and ImmunityKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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Msikita W, Baimey H, James BD. Severity of Curvularia Stem Blight Disease of Cassava in West Africa. PLANT DISEASE 2007; 91:1430-1435. [PMID: 30780755 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-91-11-1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In diagnostic surveys, Curvularia stem blight affected 9, 13, and 38% of cassava fields, respectively, in Benin, Ghana, and Nigeria. Disease incidence (number of plants with visible symptoms per total sampled) ranged between 0 and 80%, and severity (number of lesions) between 2 and 25 lesions per stem. In greenhouse studies, the fungus inhibited shoot growth depending on the degree of bud colonization, such that when buds were completely colonized, they failed to sprout. Partially colonized buds sprouted, but depending on genotype, overall growth was reduced 20 to 50% compared with healthy stems. Shoot growth for all artificially inoculated cultivars was consistently lower than for the respective noninoculated plants, and they suffered up to 50% leaf abscission. In two field localities, shoot sprouting for cultivars TMS 30572 and Odongbo was reduced 4 to 18% and 26 to 58% compared with noninoculated stems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Msikita
- Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, 2301 N. Cameron Street, Harrisburg PA 17110
| | - H Baimey
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Biocontrol Center for Africa, 08 BP 0932, Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin, West Africa
| | - B D James
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Biocontrol Center for Africa, 08 BP 0932, Tri Postal, Cotonou, Benin, West Africa
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Griffin DW. Atmospheric movement of microorganisms in clouds of desert dust and implications for human health. Clin Microbiol Rev 2007; 20:459-77, table of contents. [PMID: 17630335 PMCID: PMC1932751 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00039-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Billions of tons of desert dust move through the atmosphere each year. The primary source regions, which include the Sahara and Sahel regions of North Africa and the Gobi and Takla Makan regions of Asia, are capable of dispersing significant quantities of desert dust across the traditionally viewed oceanic barriers. While a considerable amount of research by scientists has addressed atmospheric pathways and aerosol chemistry, very few studies to determine the numbers and types of microorganisms transported within these desert dust clouds and the roles that they may play in human health have been conducted. This review is a summary of the current state of knowledge of desert dust microbiology and the health impact that desert dust and its microbial constituents may have in downwind environments both close to and far from their sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale W Griffin
- U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701, USA.
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Helal GA. Bioconversion of straw into improved fodder: fungal flora decomposing rice straw. MYCOBIOLOGY 2005; 33:150-157. [PMID: 24049492 PMCID: PMC3774876 DOI: 10.4489/myco.2005.33.3.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2005] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The fungal flora decomposing rice straw were investigated all over the soil of Sharkia Province, east of Nile Delta, Egypt, using the nylon net bag technique. Sixty-four straw-decomposing species belonging to 30 genera were isolated by the dilution plate method in ground rice straw-Czapek's agar medium at pH 6. The plates were incubated separately at 5℃, 25℃ and 45℃, respectively. Twenty nine species belonging to 14 genera were isolated at 5℃. The most frequent genus was Penicillium (seven species), and the next frequent genera were Acremonium (three species), Fusarium (three species), Alternaria, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Mucor, Stachybotrys (two species) and Rhizopus stolonifer. At 25℃, 47 species belonging to 24 genera were isolated. The most frequent genus was Aspergillus (nine species), and the next frequent genera were ranked by Penicillium (five species), Chaetomium (three species), Fusarium (three species). Each of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Mucor, Myrothecium and Trichoderma was represented by two species. At 45℃, 15 species belonging to seven genera were isolated. These were seven species of Aspergillus, two species of Chaetomium and two species of Emericella, while Humicola, Malbranchea, Rhizomucor and Talaromyces were represented by one species respectively. The total counts of fungi the genera, and species per gram of dry straw were significantly affected by incubation temperature and soil analysis (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Helal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Mediavilla Molina A, Infante García-Pantaleon F, Angulo Romero J, Domínguez Vilches E. Catálogo de los hongos presentes en silos de la provincia de Córdoba (España). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.24310/abm.v17i.9018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
En este trabajo se realizó durante un año el estudio de la presencia de hongos en el ambiente de dos silos y dos almacenes de semillas de la provincia de Córdoba. Para el muestreo del aire se utilizaron simultáneamente un método volumétrico y otro gravimétrico, ambos sobre medio de cultivo. Paralelamente se tomaron muestras de grano almacenado, para conocer la micoflora que contenían. Con los resultados obtenidos se ha elaborado un catálogo que incluye los 70 táxones identificados. Para cada tazón se indican, ecología, patogenicidad potencial y anteriores citas en España.
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Abdel-Hafez SI, Moubasher AH, Shoreit AA, Ismail MA. Fungal flora associated with combine harvester wheat and sorghum dusts from Egypt. J Basic Microbiol 1990; 30:467-79. [PMID: 2266490 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3620300702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
107 species and 8 species varieties belonging to 44 genera were collected from combine harvester wheat and sorghum dusts (35 genera and 91 species + 4 varieties) and from the atmosphere of their hay sites (26 genera and 69 species + 4 varieties) on glucose- and cellulose-Czapek's Dox agar at 28 degrees C and 45 degrees C. The mycoflora of wheat and sorghum dusts were basically similar on the two types of media and the most common fungi were: Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. sydowii, A. terreus, Cochliobolus spicifer, Emericella nidulans, Fusarium moniliforme, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. duclauxii, P. funiculosum and P. oxalicum. Truly thermophilic species were frequently encountered from the two substrates: Chaetomium thermophilum, Humicola grisea var. thermoidae, H. insolens, Malbranchea pulchella var., sulphurea, Rhizomucor pusillus, Sporotrichum thermophilum, Talaromyces thermophilus, Thermoascus thermophilus and Thermomyces lanuginosus. The airborne fungi in the two atmospheres were basically similar and the most prevalent species were members of Alternaria (1 species), Aspergillus (18 species + 2 varieties), Chaetomium (2 species), Cochliobolus(3 species), Emericella (3 species + 2 varieties), Fusarium (3 species), Mucor (1 species), Penicillium (14 species) and Stachybotrys (1 species).
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Abdel-Hafez
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
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el-Magraby OM, el-Maraghy SS. Mycoflora and mycotoxins of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds in Egypt. III. Cellulose-decomposing and mycotoxin-producing fungi. Mycopathologia 1988; 104:19-24. [PMID: 3216881 DOI: 10.1007/bf00437919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
From 40 peanut seed samples collected in Egypt, forty-three species and one variety of fungi, belonging to 16 genera, were collected. The most dominant genera were Aspergillus (11 species + one variety), Penicillium (11 species) and Fusarium (4 species). From the preceding genera A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. niger, P. chrysogenum and F. oxysporum were the most frequent species. Forty-nine isolates belonging to 12 species and one variety were tested for production of mycotoxins, after growth on liquid medium containing two carbon sources (sucrose or cellulose). Thin layer chromatographic analysis revealed that the quality and quantity of mycotoxins was higher on sucrose than cellulose. Mycotoxins identified were aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 & G2, citrinin; fumagillin; diacetoxyscirpenol T-2 toxin; satratoxin H; and zearalenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M el-Magraby
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Sohag, Egypt
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Abstract
Using the hair baiting technique, 6 genera and 14 species were collected on Sabouraud's dextrose agar from 37 dust samples from air-conditioners. The most common fungi were Chrysosporium tropicum, C. indicum, C. keratinophilum, Aspergillus flavus followed by Acremonium strictum and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis. Using the dilution-plate method, 26 genera and 52 species were collected from 37 dust samples on glucose-(23 genera and 45 species) and cellulose-(18 genera and 34 species) Czapek's agar at 28 degrees C. The most prevalent species were Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Stachybotrys chartarum, Ulocladium atrum, Mucor racemosus and Fusarium solani and A. niger, A. flavus, Trichoderma viride, P. chrysogenum, Ulocladium atrum, Chaetomium globosum, C. spirale, Stachybotrys chartarum and Mucor racemosus on the two media, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Bagy
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
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Abdel-Hafez SI, Shoreit AA, Abdel-Hafez AI, el Maghraby OM. Mycoflora and mycotoxin-producing fungi of air-dust particles from Egypt. Mycopathologia 1986; 93:25-32. [PMID: 2938009 DOI: 10.1007/bf00437011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Using the dilution-plate method, 27 genera and 64 species were collected from 20 air-dust samples on glucose - (24 genera and 57 species) and cellulose - (21 genera and 45 species) Czapek's agar at 28 degrees C. There are basic similarities between the mycoflora of air-dust on the two media and the most prevalent species were Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. ochraceus, A. terreus, A. versicolor, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. funiculosum, Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus stolonifer and Trichoderma viride. Chaetomium globosum, Stachybotrys chartarum, Humicola grisea and Arthrobotrys oligospora were common only on cellulose agar plates. Extracts of mycelium from 25 isolates were tested with brine schrimp (Artemia salina); of these 23 displayed varying degrees of toxicity. Thin layer chromatographic analysis of 12 isolates of Aspergillus flavus revealed that 4 strains were producing detectable aflatoxin. Zearalenone production was noted for 3 out of 5 strains of Fusarium oxysporum and 2 out of 5 strains of F. solani.
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Abdel-Hafez SI, Shoreit AA. Mycotoxins producing fungi and mycoflora of air-dust from Taif, Saudi Arabia. Mycopathologia 1985; 92:65-71. [PMID: 3935928 DOI: 10.1007/bf00444085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Using the dilution plate method, 70 species and 31 genera were collected from 20 dust samples on glucose (28 genera and 64 species) and cellulose Czapek's agar (22 genera and 46 species) at 28 degrees C. The most common fungi were Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. flavus var. columnaris, Phoma glomerata, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium chrysogenum and Mucor racemosus; and A. nidulans, Phoma humicola, Drechslera spicifera and Stachybotrys chartarum on the two media, respectively. Toxicity test showed that about 85% of the isolates tested were toxic to brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Thin layer chromatographic analysis revealed that 13 out of 23 toxic isolates produced known mycotoxins. Toxins identified were: aflatoxins B1 and B2, Kojic acid and trichodermine.
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Abstract
Fifty-eight species and one variety belonging to 25 genera were collected from the atmosphere of Taif from August 1981 to July 1982 (12 exposures for each type of media) on glucose- and cellulose-Czapek's agar plates at 28 degrees C. The total counts of sugar and cellulose-decomposing airborne fungi showed seasonal fluctuations; the maxima were recorded in winter, and the minima in summer months. Aspergillus (16.23% and 13.22% of total fungi on glucose and cellulose media, respectively), Alternaria (11.52% and 15.7%), Cladosporium (18.59% and 9.5%), Drechslera (4.7% and 10.74%), Scopulariopsis (7.33% and 6.6%) and phoma (8.12% and 11.98%) were recovered in high seasonal occurrence on the two media. Also, Penicillium (on glucose) and Ulocladium (on cellulose) were common in the air accounting for 10.73% and 7.44% of total fungi, respectively.
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Abstract
Using the grain-plate method and on glucose- Czapek 's agar at 28 degrees C, fifty-eight species belonging to 26 genera were collected from barley (42 species and 19 genera), maize (29 species and 16 genera), sorghum (32 species and 17 genera) and wheat grains (42 species and 18 genera). The most frequent genera were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Fusarium, and Mucor followed by Alternaria, Drechslera , and Curvularia. From the preceding genera Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Penicillium notatum, Rhizopus stolonifer , Fusarium moniliforme, Mucor racemosus, Alternaria alternata, Drechslera spicifera , and Curvularia lunata were the most prevalent species in the four types of grains tested.
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Abdel-Kader MIA, Abdel-Hafez AII, Abdel-Hafez SII. Composition of the fungal flora of Syrian soils. Mycopathologia 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00436822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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