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Kato M, Sato K, Habuta M, Fujita H, Bando T, Morizane Y, Shiraga F, Miyaishi S, Ohuchi H. Localization of the ultraviolet-sensor Opn5m and its effect on myopia-related gene expression in the late-embryonic chick eye. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 19:100665. [PMID: 31463372 PMCID: PMC6709407 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light suppresses ocular elongation, which causes myopia development. However, the specific mechanisms of this process have not been elucidated. A UV-sensor, Opsin 5 (Opn5) mRNA was shown to be present in extraretinal tissues. To test the possibility that UV-signals mediated by Opn5 would have a direct effect on the outer connective tissues of the eye, we first examined the expression patterns of a mammalian type Opn5 (Opn5m) in the late-embryonic chicken eye. Quantitative PCR showed Opn5m mRNA expression in the cornea and sclera. The anti-Opn5m antibody stained a small subset of cells in the corneal stroma and fibrous sclera. We next assessed the effect of UV-A (375 nm) irradiation on the chicken fibroblast cell line DF-1 overexpressing chicken Opn5m. UV-A irradiation for 30 min significantly increased the expression of Early growth response 1 (Egr1), known as an immediate early responsive gene, and of Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (Mmp2) in the presence of retinal chromophore 11-cis-retinal. In contrast, expression of Transforming growth factor beta 2 and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 was not significantly altered. These results indicate that UV-A absorption by Opn5m can upregulate the expression levels of Egr1 and Mmp2 in non-neuronal, fibroblasts. Taken together with the presence of Opn5m in the cornea and sclera, it is suggested that UV-A signaling mediated by Opn5 in the extraretinal ocular tissues could influence directly the outer connective tissues of the chicken late-embryonic eye. Opsin 5 (Opn5) is a non-visual ultraviolet-A (UV-A) absorbing photopigment. We found an Opn5 (Opn5m) is present in cornea and sclera of late-embryonic chick. UV-A absorption by Opn5m upregulated Egr1 and Mmp2 expression in chick fibroblasts. UV-A signaling via Opn5m may have a direct effect on the ocular fibroblasts.
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Key Words
- Chicken
- Egr1
- Egr1, Early growth response 1
- Fibroblasts
- Gapdh, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- MAP kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- Mmp2
- Mmp2, Matrix metalloproteinase 2
- Opn5, Opsin 5
- Opn5m, mammalian type Opn5
- Opsin 5
- Tgfb2, Transforming growth factor beta 2
- Timp2, Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2
- UV, ultraviolet
- UV-A, ultraviolet-A
- UV-Absorbing pigment
- cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate
- qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutsuko Kato
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Keita Sato
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Munenori Habuta
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Fujita
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Bando
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Morizane
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Fumio Shiraga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyaishi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hideyo Ohuchi
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Micali A, Pisani A, Ventrici C, Puzzolo D, Roszkowska AM, Spinella R, Aragona P. Morphological and Morphometric Study of the Pecten Oculi in the Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295:540-50. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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