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Kotsyuba E, Dyachuk V. Role of the Neuroendocrine System of Marine Bivalves in Their Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021202. [PMID: 36674710 PMCID: PMC9865615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mollusks comprise one of the largest phylum of marine invertebrates. With their great diversity of species, various degrees of mobility, and specific behavioral strategies, they haveoccupied marine, freshwater, and terrestrial habitats and play key roles in many ecosystems. This success is explained by their exceptional ability to tolerate a wide range of environmental stresses, such as hypoxia. Most marine bivalvemollusksare exposed to frequent short-term variations in oxygen levels in their marine or estuarine habitats. This stressfactor has caused them to develop a wide variety of adaptive strategies during their evolution, enabling to mobilize rapidly a set of behavioral, physiological, biochemical, and molecular defenses that re-establishing oxygen homeostasis. The neuroendocrine system and its related signaling systems play crucial roles in the regulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in mollusks and, hence, can affect hypoxiatolerance. Little effort has been made to identify the neurotransmitters and genes involved in oxygen homeostasis regulation, and the molecular basis of the differences in the regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia resistance in hypoxia-tolerant and hypoxia-sensitive bivalve species. Here, we summarize current knowledge about the involvement of the neuroendocrine system in the hypoxia stress response, and the possible contributions of various signaling molecules to this process. We thusprovide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic stress in bivalves, also making comparisons with data from related studies on other species.
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Effect of Air Exposure-Induced Hypoxia on Neurotransmitters and Neurotransmission Enzymes in Ganglia of the Scallop Azumapecten farreri. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042027. [PMID: 35216143 PMCID: PMC8878441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The nervous system expresses neuromolecules that play a crucial role in regulating physiological processes. Neuromolecule synthesis can be regulated by oxygen-dependent enzymes. Bivalves are a convenient model for studying air exposure-induced hypoxia. Here, we studied the effects of hypoxia on the expression and dynamics of neurotransmitters, and on neurotransmitter enzyme distribution, in the central nervous system (CNS) of the scallop Azumapecten farreri. We analyzed the expression of the neurotransmitters FMRFamide and serotonin (5-HT) and the choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) and universal NO-synthase (uNOS) enzymes during air exposure-induced hypoxia. We found that, in early-stage hypoxia, total serotonin content decreased in some CNS regions but increased in others. CHAT-lir cell numbers increased in all ganglia after hypoxia; CHAT probably appears de novo in accessory ganglia. Short-term hypoxia caused increased uNOS-lir cell numbers, while long-term exposure led to a reduction in their number. Thus, hypoxia weakly influences the number of FMRFamide-lir neurons in the visceral ganglion and does not affect peptide expression in the pedal ganglion. Ultimately, we found that the localization and level of synthesis of neuromolecules, and the numbers of cells expressing these molecules, vary in the scallop CNS during hypoxia exposure. This indicates their possible involvement in hypoxia resistance mechanisms.
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Ponzoni S. Tyrosine hydroxylase protein expression in ventral nerve cord of Neotropical freshwater crab. Tissue Cell 2014; 46:482-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rodrigues AP, Santos LHMLM, Oliva-Teles MT, Delerue-Matos C, Guimarães L. Joint effects of salinity and the antidepressant sertraline on the estuarine decapod Carcinus maenas. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 156:169-178. [PMID: 25217761 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Concurrent exposure of estuarine organisms to man-made and natural stressors has become a common occurrence. Numerous interactions of multiple stressors causing synergistic or antagonistic effects have been described. However, limited information is available on combined effects of emerging pharmaceuticals and natural stressors. This study investigated the joint effects of the antidepressant sertraline and salinity on Carcinus maenas. To improve knowledge about interactive effects and potential vulnerability, experiments were performed with organisms from two estuaries with differing histories of exposure to environmental contamination. Biomarkers related to mode of action of sertraline were employed to assess effects of environmentally realistic concentrations of sertraline at two salinity levels. Synergism and antagonism were identified for biomarkers of cholinergic neurotransmission, energy production, anti-oxidant defences and oxidative damage. Different interactions were found for the two study sites highlighting the need to account for differences in tolerance of local ecological receptors in risk evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie P Rodrigues
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Lúcia H M L M Santos
- REQUIMTE, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Oliva-Teles
- REQUIMTE, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE, School of Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Guimarães
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
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Shuranova Z, . YB, . JS, . RC. Evidence for an Autonomic Nervous System in Decapod Crustaceans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/ijzr.2006.242.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Alvarez Alvarado R, Porras Villalobos MG, Calderón Rosete G, Rodríguez Sosa L, Aréchiga H. Dopaminergic Modulation of Neurosecretory Cells in the Crayfish. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2005; 25:345-70. [PMID: 16047546 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-005-3064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The main aims of this paper are (a) to locate possible dopaminergic neurons in the eyestalk with anti-tyrosine hydroxylase antibodies, (b) to search for the presence of dopamine (DA) in the nervous structures of the eyestalk, (c) to explore its release, and (d) to test the effect of DA on neurosecretory cells in the eyestalk. Experiments were performed in adult crayfishes Procambarus clarkii, in isolated optic peduncle. Immunocytochemistry was made with the antibody against its precursor synthesizing enzyme tyrosine-hydroxylase. The content and release studies of DA were made using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Extracellular and intracellular recordings were conducted with conventional recording techniques. A large number (approximately 2000) of immunopositive somata of different sizes and shapes were identified in various regions of the eyestalk. The majority of somata are of the smallest size (5-25 microm diameter). DA content in the eyestalk was 5.6 +/- 0.1 pmol per structure; the greatest content is in the MT (over 60%). A basal level release of DA was observed. Incubation of eyestalks in solution containing a high K+ concentration increased the DA release (79%). Two effects of DA on the excitability of X-organ neurons were observed; an excitatory effect on neurons of approximately 25 microm somata diameter and another inhibitory effect in the group of approximately 35-microm somata diameter neurons. The excitation occurs with a depolarization and decrement of membrane conductance in the cell soma while the inhibition occurs with a hyperpolarization and increment of membrane conductance in soma. We concluded the following: (1) Dopamine is present in each optic ganglia of the crayfish eyestalk. (2) There is a basal release of DA from the isolated eyestalk. (3) DA release is enhanced threefold by eyestalk incubation in 40 mM [K+] solution. (4) DA selectively excites a population of neurons with low-speed conduction axons, and small somata in the X-organ-sinus gland system, while inhibiting another population characterized by higher axonal conduction speed and large somata. (5) These observations support a role for DA as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the X-organ neurons of the crayfish eyestalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Alvarez Alvarado
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM. ler. Piso Unidad de Posgrado, Ciudad Universitaria, México
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Fort TJ, Brezina V, Miller MW. Modulation of an integrated central pattern generator-effector system: dopaminergic regulation of cardiac activity in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus. J Neurophysiol 2004; 92:3455-70. [PMID: 15295014 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00550.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretical studies have suggested that the output of a central pattern generator (CPG) must be matched to the properties of its peripheral effector system to ensure production of functional behavior. One way that such matching could be achieved is through coordinated central and peripheral modulation. In this study, morphological and physiological methods were used to examine the sources and actions of dopaminergic modulation in the cardiac system of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Immunohistochemical localization of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) revealed a prominent neuron in the commissural ganglion, the L-cell, that projected a large-diameter axon to the pericardial organ (PO) by an indirect and circuitous route. Within the PO, the L-cell axon gave rise to fine varicose fibers, suggesting that it releases dopamine in a neurohormonal fashion onto the heart musculature. In addition, one branch of the axon continued beyond the PO to the heart, where it innervated the anterior motor neurons and the posterior pacemaker region of the cardiac ganglion (CG). In physiological experiments, exogenous dopamine produced multiple effects on contraction and motor neuron burst parameters that corresponded to the dual central-peripheral modulation suggested by the L-cell morphology. Interestingly, parameters of the ganglionic motor output were modulated differently in the isolated CG and in a novel semi-intact system where the CG remained embedded within the heart musculature. These observations suggest a critical role of feedback from the periphery to the CG and underscore the requirement for integration of peripheral (neurohormonal) actions and direct ganglionic modulation in the regulation of this exceptionally simple system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Fort
- Institute of Neurobiology and Department of Anatomy, University of Puerto Rico Medical Services Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901
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Shuranova ZP, Burmistrov YM, Cooper RL. Bioelectric field potentials of the ventilatory muscles in the crayfish. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2003; 134:461-9. [PMID: 12547276 DOI: 10.1016/s1095-6433(02)00322-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the pattern of the electrical field potentials recorded near the prebranchial chamber of the native crayfish Astacus leptodactylus. Inside the prebranchial chamber, the electrical waves had maximal amplitude and showed 2-4 peaks per cycle. Potentials with the same frequency but smaller amplitude and simpler shape were also recorded outside the chamber, near the edge of the carapace, and at some distance towards the caudal direction. Correlation of these electrical potentials with movements of the scaphognathite in intact Procambarus cubensis with a transparent external wall of the prebranchial chamber has shown a high coincidence both in rate and phase of the two processes. The electrical activity picked up by an electrode located in the prebranchial chamber or near it represents the cumulative electrical field generated by the muscles moving the scaphognathite, and may be termed as the electroscaphognathitegram (ESG). The correlation of the mechanoscaphognatitegram determined optically from the magnified image of the scaphognathite and the ESG allowed us to suggest that the ascending phase of single electrical wave corresponds to the activation of the muscles responsible for downward movement of the scaphognathite, whereas its descending phase reflects its upwards movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zh P Shuranova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
One of the lessons learned from studying the nervous systems of phylogenetically distant species is that many features are conserved. Indeed, aminergic neurons in invertebrate and vertebrate systems share a multitude of common characteristics. In this review, the varied roles of serotonin, octopamine, dopamine, and histamine in decapod crustaceans are considered, and the distributions of the amine-containing cells are described. The anatomy of these systems reinforces the idea that amine neurons are involved in widespread modulation and coordination within the nervous system. Many aminergic neurons have long projections, linking multiple regions with a common input, and therefore are anatomically perfected as "gain setters." The developmental patterns of appearance of each amine in the crustacean nervous system are described and compared. The developmental picture suggests that transmitter acquisition is distinctive for each amine, and that the pace of acquisition may be co-regulated with target maturation. The distinctive roles that transmitters play during specific developmental periods may, ultimately, provide important clues to their functional contributions in the mature organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Beltz
- Biological Sciences Department, Wellesley College, Massachusetts 02481, USA.
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Cardiac and ventilatory responses to stress and to neurohormonal modulators by the shore crab, Carcinus maenas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0742-8413(85)90172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kravitz EA, Beltz BS, Glusman S, Goy MF, Harris-Warrick RM, Johnston MF, Livingstone MS, Schwarz TL, Siwicki KK. Neurohormones and lobsters: biochemistry to behavior. Trends Neurosci 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0166-2236(83)90153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Central nervous mechanisms controlling rhythmic burst generation in the ventilatory motoneurones ofCarcinus maenas. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00605283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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McDonald DG, Wood CM, McMahon BR. Ventilation and oxygen consumption in the Dungeness crab,Cancer magister. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402130113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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