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Wang X, Dutt S, Notthoff C, Kiy A, Mota-Santiago P, Mudie ST, Toimil-Molares ME, Liu F, Wang Y, Kluth P. SAXS data modelling for the characterisation of ion tracks in polymers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9345-9359. [PMID: 35383785 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05813d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present new models to fit small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data for the characterization of ion tracks in polymers. Ion tracks in polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) were created by swift heavy ion irradiation using 197Au and 238U with energies between 185 MeV and 2.0 GeV. Transmission SAXS measurements were performed at the Australian Synchrotron. SAXS data were analysed using two new models that describe the tracks by a cylindrical structure composed of a highly damaged core with a gradual transition to the undamaged material. First, we investigate the 'Soft Cylinder Model', which assumes a smooth function to describe the transition region by a gradual change in density from a core to a matrix. As a simplified and computational less expensive version of the 'Soft Cylinder Model', the 'Core Transition Model' was developed to enable fast fitting. This model assumes a linear increase in density from the core to the matrix. Both models yield superior fits to the experimental SAXS data compared with the often-used simple 'Hard Cylinder Model' assuming a constant density with an abrupt transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Shankar Dutt
- Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Christian Notthoff
- Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Alexander Kiy
- Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Pablo Mota-Santiago
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Stephen T Mudie
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Maria E Toimil-Molares
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Planckstr. 1, D-64291, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Patrick Kluth
- Department of Materials Physics, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
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Jagerová A, Malinský P, Mikšová R, Lalik O, Cutroneo M, Romanenko O, Szökölová K, Sofer Z, Slepička P, Čížek J, Macková A. Modification of structure and surface morphology in various ZnO facets via low fluence gold swift heavy ion irradiation. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adéla Jagerová
- Neutron Physics Department Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science J.E. Purkinje University Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Petr Malinský
- Neutron Physics Department Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science J.E. Purkinje University Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Romana Mikšová
- Neutron Physics Department Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Lalik
- Neutron Physics Department Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science J.E. Purkinje University Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
| | - Mariapompea Cutroneo
- Neutron Physics Department Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
| | - Oleksandr Romanenko
- Neutron Physics Department Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Szökölová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slepička
- Department of Solid State Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Čížek
- Department of Low‐Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague Czech Republic
| | - Anna Macková
- Neutron Physics Department Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Řež Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science J.E. Purkinje University Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic
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Blonskaya IV, Kristavchuk OV, Nechaev AN, Orelovich OL, Polezhaeva OA, Apel PY. Observation of latent ion tracks in semicrystalline polymers by scanning electron microscopy. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Blonskaya
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
| | - Olga V. Kristavchuk
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
| | - Alexandr N. Nechaev
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
- Dubna State University Dubna Russia
| | - Oleg L. Orelovich
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
| | - Olga A. Polezhaeva
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
| | - Pavel Y. Apel
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia
- Dubna State University Dubna Russia
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Apel PY. Fabrication of functional micro- and nanoporous materials from polymers modified by swift heavy ions. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Schauries D, Mota-Santiago P, Gilbert E, Kirby N, Trautmann C, Kluth P. Structure, morphology and annealing behavior of ion tracks in polycarbonate. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Karlušić M, Bernstorff S, Siketić Z, Šantić B, Bogdanović-Radović I, Jakšić M, Schleberger M, Buljan M. Formation of swift heavy ion tracks on a rutile TiO 2 (001) surface. J Appl Crystallogr 2016; 49:1704-1712. [PMID: 27738417 PMCID: PMC5045731 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576716013704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructuring of surfaces and two-dimensional materials using swift heavy ions offers some unique possibilities owing to the deposition of a large amount of energy localized within a nanoscale volume surrounding the ion trajectory. To fully exploit this feature, the morphology of nanostructures formed after ion impact has to be known in detail. In the present work the response of a rutile TiO2 (001) surface to grazing-incidence swift heavy ion irradiation is investigated. Surface ion tracks with the well known intermittent inner structure were successfully produced using 23 MeV I ions. Samples irradiated with different ion fluences were investigated using atomic force microscopy and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering. With these two complementary approaches, a detailed description of the swift heavy ion impact sites, i.e. the ion tracks on the surface, can be obtained even for the case of multiple ion track overlap. In addition to the structural investigation of surface ion tracks, the change in stoichiometry of the rutile TiO2 (001) surface during swift heavy ion irradiation was monitored using in situ time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis, and a preferential loss of oxygen was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Karlušić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Sigrid Bernstorff
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149, Italy
| | - Zdravko Siketić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Branko Šantić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | | | - Milko Jakšić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
| | - Marika Schleberger
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1, Duisburg, 47048, Germany
| | - Maja Buljan
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
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Apel’ PY. Comment on the article by A.I. Vilenskii, K.G. Sabbatovskii, V.D. Sobolev, and B.V. Mchedlishvili “Electrophysical Properties of Latent Tracks of Heavy Ions in Polymers”. COLLOID JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x15030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Apel PY, Ramirez P, Blonskaya IV, Orelovitch OL, Sartowska BA. Accurate characterization of single track-etched, conical nanopores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:15214-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01686f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deviation from cone geometry significantly influences the ion current rectification through track-etched nanopores with tip radii smaller than 10 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Yu. Apel
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- 141980 Dubna, Russia
- Dubna International University
- 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Patricio Ramirez
- Departament de Física Aplicada
- Universitat Politècnica de València
- E-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Irina V. Blonskaya
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Oleg L. Orelovitch
- Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- 141980 Dubna, Russia
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Afra B, Rodriguez MD, Trautmann C, Pakarinen OH, Djurabekova F, Nordlund K, Bierschenk T, Giulian R, Ridgway MC, Rizza G, Kirby N, Toulemonde M, Kluth P. SAXS investigations of the morphology of swift heavy ion tracks in α-quartz. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:045006. [PMID: 23238277 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/4/045006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The morphology of swift heavy ion tracks in crystalline α-quartz was investigated using small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and transmission electron microscopy. Tracks were generated by irradiation with heavy ions with energies between 27 MeV and 2.2 GeV. The analysis of the SAXS data indicates a density change of the tracks of ~2 ± 1% compared to the surrounding quartz matrix for all irradiation conditions. The track radii only show a weak dependence on the electronic energy loss at values above 17 keV nm(-1), in contrast to values previously reported from Rutherford backscattering spectrometry measurements and expectations from the inelastic thermal spike model. The MD simulations are in good agreement at low energy losses, yet predict larger radii than SAXS at high ion energies. The observed discrepancies are discussed with respect to the formation of a defective halo around an amorphous track core, the existence of high stresses and/or the possible presence of a boiling phase in quartz predicted by the inelastic thermal spike model.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Afra
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
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Trautmann C. Micro- and Nanoengineering with Ion Tracks. ION BEAMS IN NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-00623-4_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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12
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Kluth P, Schnohr CS, Pakarinen OH, Djurabekova F, Sprouster DJ, Giulian R, Ridgway MC, Byrne AP, Trautmann C, Cookson DJ, Nordlund K, Toulemonde M. Fine structure in swift heavy ion tracks in amorphous SiO2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:175503. [PMID: 18999762 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.175503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on the observation of a fine structure in ion tracks in amorphous SiO2 using small angle x-ray scattering measurements. Tracks were generated by high energy ion irradiation with Au and Xe between 27 MeV and 1.43 GeV. In agreement with molecular dynamics simulations, the tracks consist of a core characterized by a significant density deficit compared to unirradiated material, surrounded by a high density shell. The structure is consistent with a frozen-in pressure wave originating from the center of the ion track as a result of a thermal spike.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kluth
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
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13
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Adla A, Fuess H, Trautmann C. Characterization of heavy ion tracks in polymers by transmission electron microscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.10614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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15
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Adawi M, Didyk A, Varichenko V, Zaitsev A. Radiation damage in dielectric and semiconductor single crystals (direct observation). Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-806x(97)00299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Eriksson J, Demirev P, Håkansson P, Papaléo RM, Sundqvist BU. Total yield and polar-angle distributions of biomolecules sputtered by fast heavy ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1996; 54:15025-15033. [PMID: 9985558 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.54.15025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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18
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Peculiarities of tracks formed in polycarbonate films irradiated with Kr+ ions. Russ Chem Bull 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01431797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Defect creation by swift heavy ions: Material modifications in the electronic stopping power regime. Appl Radiat Isot 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0969-8043(95)00029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Meftah A, Brisard F, Costantini JM, Dooryhee E, Hage-Ali M, Hervieu M, Stoquert JP, Studer F, Toulemonde M. Track formation in SiO2 quartz and the thermal-spike mechanism. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:12457-12463. [PMID: 10010146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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22
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Investigation of heavy-ion-produced pore defects in organic foil by thermal desorption of liquids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0927-7757(93)02627-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Mchedlishvili B, Beryozkin V, Oleinikov V, Vilensky A, Vasilyev A. Structure, physical and chemical properties and applications of nuclear filters as a new class of membranes. J Memb Sci 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-7388(93)85122-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Linear Energy Transfer and Track Structure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-035417-7.50004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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25
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Toulemonde M, Dufour C, Paumier E. Transient thermal process after a high-energy heavy-ion irradiation of amorphous metals and semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 46:14362-14369. [PMID: 10003533 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.46.14362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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26
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Kemmer H, Grafström S, Neitzert M, Wörtge M, Neumann R, Trautmann C, Vetter J, Angert N. Scanning tunneling microscopy of surface modifications induced by UNILAC heavy-ion irradiation. Ultramicroscopy 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-3991(92)90446-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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Thibaudau F, Cousty J, Balanzat E, Bouffard S. Atomic-force-microscopy observations of tracks induced by swift Kr ions in mica. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:1582-1585. [PMID: 10044192 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Klaumünzer S, Petry W, Schumacher G. A search for particle tracks in the metallic glass Pd80Si20. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/1359-0189(91)90339-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Houpert C, Studer F, Pascard H, YunFan J, Toulemonde M. Influence of the substrate temperature on the latent track damage cross section in magnetic insulators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/1359-0189(91)90147-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hou M, Klaumünzer S, Schumacher G. Dimensional changes of metallic glasses during bombardment with fast heavy ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1990; 41:1144-1157. [PMID: 9993812 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.41.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Wien K, Becker O, Guthier W, Della-Negra S, Le Beyec Y, Monart B, Standing K, Maynard G, Deutsch C. The charge state dependence of desorption. A way to study the energy transfer to the surface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(87)87055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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34
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Toulemonde M, Fuchs G, Nguyen N, Studer F, Groult D. Damage processes and magnetic field orientation in ferrimagnetic oxides Y3Fe5O12 and BaFe12O19 irradiated by high-energy heavy ions: A Mössbauer study. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1987; 35:6560-6569. [PMID: 9940901 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.35.6560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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35
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Wen K, Becker O, Guthier W. Secondary ion emission from insulators induced by fast heavy ion impact. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1080/00337578608209632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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36
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Albrecht D, Balanzat E, Schaupert K. X-ray small angle scattering investigation of high energy Ar-tracks in mica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/1359-0189(86)90026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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