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Gabriel J, Höfner G, Wanner KT. Combination of MS Binding Assays and affinity selection mass spectrometry for screening of structurally homogenous libraries as exemplified for a focused oxime library addressing the neuronal GABA transporter 1. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 206:112598. [PMID: 32896797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study presents an efficient screening approach based on combination of mass spectrometry (MS) based binding assays (MS Binding Assays) and affinity selection mass spectrometry (ASMS) customized for screening of structurally homogeneous libraries sharing a common mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern. After reaction of a nipecotic acid derivative possessing a hydroxylamine functionality with aldehydes, the resulting oxime library was screened accordingly toward the GABA transporter subtype 1 (GAT1), a drug target for several neurological disorders. After assessing sublibraries' activities for inhibition of reporter ligand binding, hits in active ones were directly identified. This could be achieved by recording mass transitions for the reporter ligand as well as those predicted for the library components in a single LC-MS/MS run with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. Identification of hits with a predefined affinity could be reliably accomplished by calculation of IC50-values from specific binding concentrations of library constituents and reporter ligand. Application of this strategy revealed six hits, from which two of them were resynthesized for further biological evaluation. Thereby, the best one displayed a pKi of 7.38 in MS Binding Assays and a pIC50 of 6.82 in [3H]GABA uptake assays for GAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Gabriel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Höfner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus T Wanner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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Nishanth Kumar S, Mohandas C. Antimycobacterial activity of cyclic dipeptides isolated from Bacillus sp. N strain associated with entomopathogenic nematode. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:91-96. [PMID: 24047443 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.815635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality with a global mortality rate of two million deaths per year; one-third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the antimycobacterial activity of six diketopiperazines (DKPs) purified from a Bacillus sp. N strain associated with entomopathogenic nematode Rhabditis (Oscheius) sp. MATERIALS AND METHODS The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of DKPs were determined using the broth dilution method on Middlebrook 7H11 against M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv. Time-kill assay was used to determine the rate of killing of M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv by DKPs. The cytotoxicity of the DKPs was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay against the VERO cell line. RESULTS Out of six DKP-tested cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Leu), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Met) and cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Phe) recorded antimycobacterial activity, the cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Met) showed the highest activity and MIC values of 4 μg/ml for M. tuberculosis H₃₇Rv. The MIC value for rifampicin was 0.06 μg/ml. Growth curve study by the MIC concentration of cyclic dipeptides recorded significant inhibition when compared with control. Time-kill curve showed maximum reduction of colony count was between 3 and 5 weeks. The DKPs are nontoxic to the VERO cell line up to 200 µg/ml. The antimycobacterial activity of cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Leu), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Met) and cyclo-(D-Pro-L-Phe) is reported in this study for the first time. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In conclusion, the potency, low cytotoxicity and selectivity of these compounds make them valid lead compounds for treatment against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nishanth Kumar
- Division of Crop Protection/Division of Crop Utilization, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute , Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala , India
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Nishanth Kumar S, Dileep C, Mohandas C, Nambisan B, Ca J. Cyclo(d-Tyr-d-Phe): a new antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant cyclic dipeptide fromBacillussp. N strain associated with a rhabditid entomopathogenic nematode. J Pept Sci 2013; 20:173-85. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Nishanth Kumar
- Division of Crop Protection/Division of Crop Utilization; Central Tuber Crops Research Institute; Sreekariyam Thiruvananthapuram 695017 India
| | - C. Dileep
- Department of Botany; SD College; Alappuzha 688003 Kerala India
| | - C. Mohandas
- Division of Crop Protection/Division of Crop Utilization; Central Tuber Crops Research Institute; Sreekariyam Thiruvananthapuram 695017 India
| | - Bala Nambisan
- Division of Crop Protection/Division of Crop Utilization; Central Tuber Crops Research Institute; Sreekariyam Thiruvananthapuram 695017 India
| | - Jayaprakas Ca
- Division of Crop Protection/Division of Crop Utilization; Central Tuber Crops Research Institute; Sreekariyam Thiruvananthapuram 695017 India
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Kumar SN, Mohandas C, Nambisan B, Sreerag RS, Jayaprakas CA. Cyclo(L-Pro-D-Arg): a new antibacterial and antitumour diketopiperazine from Bacillus cereus associated with a rhabditid entomopathogenic. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013; 59:197-202. [PMID: 24097052 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-013-0282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In continuation of our search for new antimicrobial secondary metabolites from Bacillus cereus associated with rhabditid entomopathogenic nematode, a new microbial diketopiperazine, cyclo(L-Pro-D-Arg), was isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of fermented modified nutrient broth. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were identified based on their 1D, 2D NMR and high-resolution electrospray ionisation-mass spectroscopy data. Antibacterial activity of the compound was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration and disc diffusion method against medically important bacteria, and the compound was recorded to have significant antibacterial activity against test bacteria. The highest activity was recorded against Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 μg/mL). Cyclo(L-Pro-D-Arg) was recorded to have significant antitumor activity against HeLa cells (IC50 value 50 μg/mL), and this compound was recorded to have no cytotoxicity against normal monkey kidney cells (VERO) up to 100 μg/mL). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that cyclo(L-Pro-D-Arg) has been isolated from a microbial natural source.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nishanth Kumar
- Division of Crop Protection/Division of Crop Utilisation, Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram, 695017, India,
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Liu Y, Sun X, Wen Y. 1,4-Bis(3-methyl-phen-yl)piperazine-2,5-dione. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 68:o2115. [PMID: 22798792 PMCID: PMC3393927 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536812026372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C18H18N2O2, consists of two independent molecules, each of which is located about a center of inversion. The molecules are not planar, showing dihedral angles of 55.84 (9) and 54.10 (8)° between the piperazinedione and the aromatic rings. The piperazine N atoms exhibit a planar configuration. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People's Republic of China
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Hua G, Fuller AL, Bühl M, Slawin AMZ, Woollins JD. Selenation/Thionation of α-Amino Acids: Formation and X-ray Structures of Diselenopiperazine and Dithiopiperazine and Related Compounds. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Antibacterial and antilarval compounds from marine bacteriumPseudomonas rhizosphaerae. ANN MICROBIOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03178321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Abiram A, Kolandaivel P. Switching conformation of cyclo(histidyl-histidyl) dipeptide: dynamics and density functional theory study. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020802595554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Qi SH, Xu Y, Xiong HR, Qian PY, Zhang S. Antifouling and antibacterial compounds from a marine fungus Cladosporium sp. F14. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-008-9904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Knör S, Khrenov A, Laufer B, Benhida A, Grailly SC, Schwaab R, Oldenburg J, Beaufort N, Magdolen V, Saint-Remy JMR, Saenko EL, Hauser CAE, Kessler H. Efficient factor VIII affinity purification using a small synthetic ligand. J Thromb Haemost 2008; 6:470-7. [PMID: 18194422 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2008.02893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophilia A is currently treated by infusions of the coagulation factor (F) VIII, of which production and purification remain a challenging task. Current purification procedures using immunoaffinity chromatography are cumbersome, expensive, and suffer from the instability of the applied antibody ligands, which elute along with the product and contaminate it. Recently, FVIII was purified using octapeptide ligands, but their use is limited due to the low resistance to proteases. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to develop and evaluate a novel ligand for FVIII purification, overcoming the drawbacks of current procedures. METHODS Peptide ligands were screened for binding of (125)I-plasma-derived-FVIII (pdFVIII) in a microbead assay. A selected ligand-coated Toyopearl resin was then used for pdFVIII purification from cell-conditioned Delbucco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing fetal bovine serum. The proteolytic stability of ligand was measured by incubating with human serum and proteinase K, and its cytotoxicity towards human OV-MZ-6 cells was assayed. RESULTS A high-affinity octapeptidic FVIII ligand was modified into the small, highly stable and non-toxic peptidomimetic ligand L4 by rational and combinatorial design without affecting its affinity for FVIII. Using ligand L4-coated Toyopearl resin, pdFVIII was isolated from cell-conditioned medium with high purity and 89% column retention after elution with a mild buffer containing 0.6 m NaCl at pH 6.8. CONCLUSIONS Ligand L4 offers a valuable alternative to antibody-based procedures for laboratory and industrial production. Its synthesis by established solid-phase procedures is straightforward and considerably cheaper than the biotechnological production of antibodies, and safety concerns associated with the use of biological material are overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Knör
- Center of Integrated Protein Science, Munich, at Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl II für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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Zhang SS, Wen YH, Tang XF, Li XM. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of 1,4-Di(2-methoxyphenyl)-2,5-piperazinedione. CHINESE J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200790134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cain JP, Mayorov AV, Cai M, Wang H, Tan B, Chandler K, Lee Y, Petrov RR, Trivedi D, Hruby VJ. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a new class of small molecule peptide mimetics targeting the melanocortin receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5462-7. [PMID: 16931008 PMCID: PMC1810397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Revised: 06/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new bicyclic template has been developed for the synthesis of peptide mimetics. Straightforward synthetic steps, starting from amino acids, allow the facile construction of a wide range of analogs. This system was designed to target the melanocortin receptors (MCRs), with functional group selection based on a known pharmacophore and guidance from molecular modeling to rationally identify positional and stereochemical isomers likely to be active. The functions of hMCRs are critical to myriad biological activities, including pigmentation, steroidogenesis, energy homeostasis, erectile activity, and inflammation. These G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are targets for drug discovery in a number of areas, including cancer, pain, and obesity therapeutics. All compounds from this series tested to date are antagonists which bind with high affinity. Importantly, many are highly selective for a particular MCR subtype, including some of the first completely hMC5R-selective antagonists reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Cain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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14
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Santos R, Flammang P. Morphology and tenacity of the tube foot disc of three common European sea urchin species: a comparative study. BIOFOULING 2006; 22:187-200. [PMID: 17290863 DOI: 10.1080/08927010600780771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The variation in tenacity of single tube feet from three sea urchin species with contrasted habitats was assessed and correlated with the ultrastructure of their adhesive secretory granules. The tube feet of Arbacia lixula and Sphaerechinus granularis have larger discs and more complex adhesive granules than those of Paracentrotus lividus, but A. lixula attaches to glass with significantly lower tenacity (0.05-0.09 MPa) than the other two species (0.10-0.20 and 0.11 -0.29 MPa, respectively). However, the estimated maximal attachment force one tube foot can produce is similar for all three species investigated. No clear relationship between tube foot size, tenacity, adhesive secretory granule ultrastructure and species habitat can therefore be established. For P. lividus the tenacity of single tube foot discs on four different smooth substrata was also compared, which showed that both the total surface energy and the ratio of polar to non-polar forces at the surface influence tube foot attachment strength. This influence of the surface characteristics of the substratum appears to affect the cohesiveness of the adhesive secretion more than its adhesiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Santos
- Université de Mons-Hainaut, Académie universitaire Wallonie-Bruxelles, Laboratoire de Biologie marine, Mons, Belgium.
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Abstract
Diketopiperazines (DKPs), the smallest cyclic peptides, represent an important class of biologically active natural products and their research has been fundamental to many aspects of peptide chemistry. The advent of combinatorial chemistry has revived interest in DKPs for two reasons: firstly, they are simple heterocyclic scaffolds in which diversity can be introduced and stereochemically controlled at up to four positions; secondly, they can be prepared from readily available alpha-amino acids using very robust chemistry. Here synthetic methods, conformation, as well as applications of DKPs are summarized and discussed critically.
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Früchtel JS, Pflugseder K, Gstach H. Symmetric building blocks and combinatorial functional group transformation as versatile strategies in combinatorial chemistry. Biotechnol Bioeng 2001; 71:94-103. [PMID: 11288063 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0290(200021)71:2<94::aid-bit3>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A combination of symmetric building blocks and combinatorial functional group transformation for synthesis of pyrimidines was investigated. The purpose of the study was to maximize the return on invested synthetic efforts of reaction development for libraries. A representative set of symmetric diacids was coupled onto deprotected TentaGel Rink Amide resin. The amino function served as a model of a chemical process providing a functional group for additional synthetic steps, while the symmetric building blocks served as a model to connect synthesis protocols and to switch to a different synthesis paradigm consecutively. The reaction sequence was continued in a noncombinatorial step by coupling a bifunctional reagent (3-aminoacetophenone) to the remaining carboxy function of the symmetric diacid. The ketone served as a model of a reagent prepared for combinatorial functional group transformation. The arylmethylketone was reacted with a set of aryl- and heteroarylaldehydes to give alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones. Subsequently, guanidine, alkyl-, and arylcarboxamidines were introduced in combinatorial synthesis of substituted pyrimidines by reaction with the alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone functionality. The combination of symmetric building blocks and combinatorial functional group transformation created a versatile reaction sequence ideally suited for production of libraries from libraries with added diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Früchtel
- Novartis Forschungsinstitut Wien, Brunnerstrasse 59, A-1235 Vienna, Austria
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Dolle RE. Comprehensive survey of combinatorial libraries with undisclosed biological activity: 1992-1997. Mol Divers 2000; 4:233-56. [PMID: 10849900 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009653221320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R E Dolle
- Department of Chemistry, Pharmacopeia, Inc., Princeton, NJ 08345, USA.
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Kundu B, Khare SK, Rastogi SK. Combinatorial chemistry: Polymer supported synthesis of peptide and non-peptide libraries. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH 1999; 53:89-156. [PMID: 10616297 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-8735-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, combinatorial chemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for accelerating drug discovery. While industry is rapidly embracing the technology, researchers continue to develop novel library methods including resins, linkers, tagging and deconvolution techniques. Newer strategies involving computer-customized combinatorial libraries offer enormous potential for the design of more "focused" and "smart" chemical libraries with maximal diversity. In addition, miniaturized systems for synthesizing chemical libraries are also being developed, which has made it possible to carry out reactions at submicroliter volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kundu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Krchnák V, Padĕra V. The domino blocks: a simple solution for parallel solid-phase organic synthesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:3261-4. [PMID: 9873714 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The domino block is a reaction block for manual and semi-automatic parallel solid-phase organic synthesis that simplifies liquid exchange and integrates common synthetic steps. The domino block consists of enclosed reaction vessels, polypropylene syringes, attached to a manifold that clamps the syringes and connects them to a common port. Liquid is removed from the closed reaction vessels by vacuum connected to the common port. The vacuum formed inside each reaction vessel is subsequently used to draw fresh solvent or reagent into each reaction vessel.
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Abstract
Molecular diversity, combinatorial chemistry and automated synthesis are helping usher in a new age in medicinal chemistry. The tools and practices of computational chemistry and molecular modeling are rising to the challenges and opportunities presented by the current trends in drug discovery and design. Recent advances include a number of new and meaningful measures of molecular diversity and the use of genetic algorithms to help design diverse libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Bures
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064-3500, USA.
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Adams JH, Cook RM, Hudson D, Jammalamadaka V, Lyttle MH, Songster MF. A Reinvestigation of the Preparation, Properties, and Applications of Aminomethyl and 4-Methylbenzhydrylamine Polystyrene Resins1. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9802269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lebl
- Trega Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California 92121, USA
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Krchňák V, Weichsel AS, Lebl M, Felder S. Automated solid-phase organic synthesis in micro-plate wells. Synthesis of N-(alkoxy-acyl)amino alcohols. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(97)00146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lam KS, Lebl M, Krchnák V. The "One-Bead-One-Compound" Combinatorial Library Method. Chem Rev 1997; 97:411-448. [PMID: 11848877 DOI: 10.1021/cr9600114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kit S. Lam
- Arizona Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, Tucson, Arizona 85724, and Houghten Pharmaceuticals Inc., 3550 General Atomics Court, San Diego, California 92121
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Balkenhohl F, von dem Bussche-Hünnefeld C, Lansky A, Zechel C. Kombinatorische Synthese niedermolekularer organischer Verbindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19961082004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Krchnák V, Weichsel AS, Issakova O, Lam KS, Lebl M. Bifunctional scaffolds as templates for synthetic combinatorial libraries. Mol Divers 1996; 1:177-82. [PMID: 9237208 DOI: 10.1007/bf01544955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A small-molecule synthetic combinatorial library was designed and synthesized that features potential pharmacophores attached to a variety of small cyclic scaffolds. The synthesis of the library involved randomization of three types of building blocks: 20 amino acids, 10 aromatic hydroxy acids and 21 alcohols, totaling a library complexity of 4200 compounds. Mitsunobu polymer-supported etherification was used in the last randomization. The library compounds were attached to beads via an ester-bond linkage enabling both on-bead as well as in-solution screening. When the library was tested against a model target, streptavidin, specific binders were found. The structures of the most active compounds were determined from the fragmentation pattern in MS/MS experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Krchnák
- Selectide Corporation, Hoechst Marion Roussel, Tucson, AZ 85737, USA
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