1
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Chao Z, Fayyaz A, Antony S. Ochrobactrum Anthropi; an Unusual Cause of Bacteremia and Pneumonia: A Case Report and a Brief Review of the Literature. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:8-11. [PMID: 38757698 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265258415231018094653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background: Ochrobactrum anthropi spp. is a non-enteric, aerobic gram-negative bacillus that has been reported to cause sepsis and occasionally bacteremia in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. This bacterium is capable of surviving in various habitats, but due to its affinity for aqueous environments, O. anthropi is hypothesized to have an affinity for indwelling plastic devices and other foreign bodies. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 66 y/o male with a history of polysubstance abuse disorder admitted for toxic metabolic encephalopathy and found to have bronchopneumonia and bacteremia secondary to O. anthropi infection resulting in sepsis and cardiopulmonary arrest. Discussion: Ochrobactrum spp. is an unusual pathogen of low virulence and has been noted to cause bacteremia and occasionally sepsis in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. Isolation of this pathogen in the appropriate setting should be considered a true pathogen and treated as such to avoid sequela of this infection. Conclusion: This case report and literature review suggest that Ochrobactrum anthropi appears more frequently as a pathogen in nosocomial infections than suggested in the literature. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefr Chao
- HCA Las Palmas/Del Sol Internal Medicine Program, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
| | - Anaam Fayyaz
- HCA Las Palmas/Del Sol Internal Medicine Program, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
| | - Suresh Antony
- HCA Las Palmas/Del Sol Internal Medicine Program, El Paso, Texas, 79902, USA
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2
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Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Sarangan P, Jeyaraman N, Packkyarathinam RP. Ochrobactrum anthropi - An Emerging Opportunistic Pathogen in Musculoskeletal Disorders - A Case Report and Review of Literature. J Orthop Case Rep 2022; 12:85-90. [PMID: 36199934 PMCID: PMC9499045 DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i03.2730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ochrobactrum anthropi is an opportunistic and rare human pathogen, which is seen widely in the environment. O. anthropi infections have been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. There is no proper consensus on the diagnosis and management of O. anthropi related infections. CASE REPORT We report a case of O. anthropi related left distal clavicular osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent individual with an elaborative diagnostic and treatment algorithm for its effective management. CONCLUSION A comprehensive management strategy with a combination of implant removal (if present) with extensive surgical debridement of bone and soft tissue and intravenous antibiotics results in successful eradication of O. anthropi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Address of Correspondence: Dr. Madhan Jeyaraman, Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine - Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prasanna Sarangan
- Department of Microbiology, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Department of Orthopaedics, Atlas Hospitals, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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Arcos SC, Lira F, Robertson L, González MR, Carballeda-Sangiao N, Sánchez-Alonso I, Zamorano L, Careche M, Jiménez-Ruíz Y, Ramos R, Llorens C, González-Muñoz M, Oliver A, Martínez JL, Navas A. Metagenomics Analysis Reveals an Extraordinary Inner Bacterial Diversity in Anisakids (Nematoda: Anisakidae) L3 Larvae. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1088. [PMID: 34069371 PMCID: PMC8158776 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
L3 larvae of anisakid nematodes are an important problem for the fisheries industry and pose a potential risk for human health by acting as infectious agents causing allergies and as potential vectors of pathogens and microrganisms. In spite of the close bacteria-nematode relationship very little is known of the anisakids microbiota. Fresh fish could be contaminated by bacteria vectored in the cuticle or in the intestine of anisakids when the L3 larvae migrate through the muscles. As a consequence, the bacterial inoculum will be spread, with potential effects on the quality of the fish, and possible clinical effects cannot be discarded. A total of 2,689,113 16S rRNA gene sequences from a total of 113 L3 individuals obtained from fish captured along the FAO 27 fishing area were studied. Bacteria were taxonomically characterized through 1803 representative operational taxonomic units (OTUs) sequences. Fourteen phyla, 31 classes, 52 orders, 129 families and 187 genera were unambiguously identified. We have found as part of microbiome an average of 123 OTUs per L3 individual. Diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson) indicate an extraordinary diversity of bacteria at an OTU level. There are clusters of anisakids individuals (samples) defined by the associated bacteria which, however, are not significantly related to fish hosts or anisakid taxa. This suggests that association or relationship among bacteria in anisakids, exists without the influence of fishes or nematodes. The lack of relationships with hosts of anisakids taxa has to be expressed by the association among bacterial OTUs or other taxonomical levels which range from OTUs to the phylum level. There are significant biological structural associations of microbiota in anisakid nematodes which manifest in clusters of bacteria ranging from phylum to genus level, which could also be an indicator of fish contamination or the geographic zone of fish capture. Actinobacteria, Aquificae, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria are the phyla whose abundance value discriminate for defining such structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana C. Arcos
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Dpto Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.A.); (L.R.); (M.R.G.); (Y.J.-R.)
| | - Felipe Lira
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.L.); (J.L.M.)
| | - Lee Robertson
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Dpto Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.A.); (L.R.); (M.R.G.); (Y.J.-R.)
- Departamento de Protección Vegetal, INIA, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rosa González
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Dpto Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.A.); (L.R.); (M.R.G.); (Y.J.-R.)
| | | | - Isabel Sánchez-Alonso
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.S.-A.); (M.C.)
| | - Laura Zamorano
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Son Espases, (IdISPa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (L.Z.); (A.O.)
| | - Mercedes Careche
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.S.-A.); (M.C.)
| | - Yolanda Jiménez-Ruíz
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Dpto Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.A.); (L.R.); (M.R.G.); (Y.J.-R.)
| | - Ricardo Ramos
- Unidad de Genómica, “Scientific Park of Madrid”, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carlos Llorens
- Biotechvana, “Scientific Park”, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Miguel González-Muñoz
- Servicio de Immunología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.-S.); (M.G.-M.)
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Son Espases, (IdISPa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (L.Z.); (A.O.)
| | - José L. Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (F.L.); (J.L.M.)
| | - Alfonso Navas
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Dpto Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.A.); (L.R.); (M.R.G.); (Y.J.-R.)
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Kassab I, Sarsam N, Affas S, Ayas M, Baang JH. A Case of Ochrobactrum intermedium Bacteremia Secondary to Cholangitis With a Literature Review. Cureus 2021; 13:e14648. [PMID: 34046280 PMCID: PMC8141303 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum species are gram-negative, non-lactose fermenting, aerobic bacilli closely related to Brucella genus. Ochrobactrum intermedium (O. intermedium) is an emergent human pathogen that is difficult to differentiate from other Ochrobactrum species by conventional methods. It is known to infect immunocompromised hosts, has the propensity for abscess formation, and is known for its multidrug resistance. We describe the case of an 84-year-old woman with a background of primary sclerosing cholangitis who presented with fatigue, fever, and syncope. Blood cultures grew O. intermedium. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were consistent with cholangitis. Cultures from the biliary duct confirmed the same microorganism. The patient was successfully treated with minocycline. Although rare, O. intermedium should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with biliary and gut pathology, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Kassab
- Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Nadine Sarsam
- Accident and Emergency Services, Luton & Dunstable University Hospital, Luton, GBR
| | - Saif Affas
- Internal Medicine, Ascension St. John Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Mohamad Ayas
- Internal Medicine, Ascension St. John Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - Ji H Baang
- Internal Medicine/Infectious Disease, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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5
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Ryan MP, Pembroke JT. The Genus Ochrobactrum as Major Opportunistic Pathogens. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1797. [PMID: 33207839 PMCID: PMC7696743 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum species are non-enteric, Gram-negative organisms that are closely related to the genus Brucella. Since the designation of the genus in 1988, several distinct species have now been characterised and implicated as opportunistic pathogens in multiple outbreaks. Here, we examine the genus, its members, diagnostic tools used for identification, data from recent Ochrobactrum whole genome sequencing and the pathogenicity associated with reported Ochrobactrum infections. This review identified 128 instances of Ochrobactrum spp. infections that have been discussed in the literature. These findings indicate that infection review programs should consider investigation of possible Ochrobactrum spp. outbreaks if these bacteria are clinically isolated in more than one patient and that Ochrobactrum spp. are more important pathogens than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Ryan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Limerick Institute of Technology, Moylish V94 EC5T, Limerick, Ireland;
- Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX2, Ireland
| | - J. Tony Pembroke
- Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX2, Ireland
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6
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Bratschi C, Ly T, Weber A, Meuli-Simmen C, Conen A, Mauler F. Ochrobactrum anthropi Infection of the Hand. JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY GLOBAL ONLINE 2020; 2:365-367. [PMID: 35415523 PMCID: PMC8991416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi is an opportunistic, low-virulence pathogen occasionally associated with human infections and found largely in immunocompromised patients and those with intravascular devices. We report the case of a healthy 70-year-old man who presented with an infection of the hand, who had no history of trauma but had been gardening for 4 months. Despite surgical debridement and empirical antibiotics, the infection could not be controlled. Cultures revealed O anthropi. Antibiotic treatment was adapted to intravenous cefepime for 15 days and the infection was finally controlled after a second surgery. Oral cotrimoxazole was continued for another 2 weeks. Ochrobactrum anthropi infection of the hand must be considered not only in immunosuppressed patients but also in healthy patients without intravascular devices. Local debridement and empiric antibiotic may be insufficient. Antibiotic therapy should follow susceptibility testing, but usually includes a broad-spectrum intravenous beta-lactam such as imipenem–cilastatin or cefepime, or oral cotrimoxazole or ciprofloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bratschi
- Clinic of Hand, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Thuan Ly
- Clinic of Hand, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Weber
- Clinic of Hand, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Meuli-Simmen
- Clinic of Hand, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Anna Conen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Flavien Mauler
- Clinic of Hand, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
- Hand Surgery Unit, Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Corresponding author: Flavien Mauler, MD, Hand Surgery Unit, Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Caroleo B, Malandrino P, Liberto A, Condorelli D, Patanè F, Maiese A, Casella F, Geraci D, Ricci P, Di Mizio G. Catheter-related Bloodstream Infections: A Root Cause Analysis in a Series of Simultaneous Ochrobactrum anthropi Infections. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:609-614. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190405182025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective:Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial mostly due to cutaneous microorganisms migration through the catheter insertion site and catheter tip colonization. Ochrobactrum anthropi is a gram-negative bacterium belonging to the Brucellaceae and related infections are especially observed in immunocompromised patients.Methods:Therefore, O. anthropi infection prevention and surveillance are relevant issues for healthcare system and risk management, in order to improve healthcare quality and patient safety. Four cases of anthropi-related CRBSIs occurring in immunodepressed patients under chemotherapy treatment are reported and the possible prevention and surveillance strategies are analyzed.Results:In the reported cases, all infections occurred almost simultaneously in the Oncology Unit, leading to hypothesize an identical infection source. Subsequently, a clinical audit was performed in order to investigate infection origin and implement prevention and control strategies. Clinical audit allowed to identify the hand hygiene defects as the primary source of the infections, responsible for catheter flushing solution contamination.Conclusion:The aim of this study is to reveal how through correct root cause analysis and clinical audit, several measures could be undertaken in order to promote the prevention of the CRBSIs risk
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Caroleo
- Department of Medical Science, and Elderly Operative Unit, Mater Domini Hospital, University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pasquale Malandrino
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania – A.O.U. "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Aldo Liberto
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania – A.O.U. "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Dario Condorelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania – A.O.U. "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Federico Patanè
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania – A.O.U. "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Aniello Maiese
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Filomena Casella
- Legal Medicine, Department of Law, Economy and Sociology University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Diego Geraci
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania – A.O.U. "Policlinico V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - Pietrantonio Ricci
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giulio Di Mizio
- Legal Medicine, Department of Law, Economy and Sociology University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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8
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Villagrasa E, Ferrer-Miralles N, Millach L, Obiol A, Creus J, Esteve I, Solé A. Morphological responses to nitrogen stress deficiency of a new heterotrophic isolated strain of Ebro Delta microbial mats. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:105-116. [PMID: 29987389 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms living in hypersaline microbial mats frequently form consortia under stressful and changing environmental conditions. In this paper, the heterotrophic strain DE2010 from a microalgae consortium (Scenedesmus sp. DE2009) from Ebro Delta microbial mats has been phenotypically and genotypically characterized and identified. In addition, changes in the morphology and biomass of this bacterium in response to nitrogen deficiency stress have been evaluated by correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) combining differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These isolated bacteria are chemoorganoheterotrophic, gram-negative, and strictly aerobic bacteria that use a variety of amino acids, organic acids, and carbohydrates as carbon and energy sources, and they grow optimally at 27 °C in a pH range of 5 to 9 and tolerate salinity from 0 to 70‰ NaCl. The DNA-sequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA and nudC and fixH genes and the metabolic characterization highlight that strain DE2010 corresponds to the species Ochrobactrum anthropi. Cells are rod shaped, 1-3 μm in length, and 0.5 μm wide, but under deprived nitrogen conditions, cells are less abundant and become more round, reducing their length and area and, consequently, their biomass. An increase in the number of pleomorphic cells is observed in cultures grown without nitrogen using different optical and electron microscopy techniques. In addition, the amplification of the fixH gene confirms that Ochrobactrum anthropi DE2010 has the capacity to fix nitrogen, overcoming N2-limiting conditions through a nifH-independent mechanism that is still unidentified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Villagrasa
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Ferrer-Miralles
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Millach
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Obiol
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Creus
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Esteve
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Solé
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
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Complete Genome Assembly of Reference Strain Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49687. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2014; 2:2/5/e00962-14. [PMID: 25291772 PMCID: PMC4175208 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00962-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi is an occasional cause of nosocomial infections; however, interest in the organism lies in its phylogenetic proximity to the genus Brucella. Here, we present the 4.9-Mb finished genome of Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49687, most commonly used as an exclusionary reference organism.
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10
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Abstract
The clinical picture of Ochrobactrum anthropi infection is not well described because the infection is rare in humans and identification of the pathogen is difficult. We present a case of O. anthropi bacteremia that was initially misidentified as Ralstonia paucula and later identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and recA analysis.
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11
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Shrishrimal K. Recurrent Ochrobactrum anthropi and Shewanella putrefaciens bloodstream infection complicating hemodialysis. Hemodial Int 2012; 16:113-5. [PMID: 22099546 DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2011.00586.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are common in hemodialysis, especially when the access is a catheter. These infections are more commonly gram-positive bacteria or gram-negative bacilli and on some occasions, fungi. Ochrobactrum anthropi and Shewanella putrefaciens are ubiquitous hydrophilic gram-negative bacilli. There have been three cases of O. anthropi BSI reported in hemodialysis patients (one from the United States and two from Vienna) and two cases of S. putrefaciens BSI in hemodialysis patients (one from the United States and the other from Japan). There have been few more cases reported of infections with these bacteria in peritoneal dialysis, especially outside the United States. We present a novel case of a patient with both recurrent O. anthropi and S. putrefaciens BSI complicating hemodialysis. There have been no reports in the literature of such a case. We also discuss the microbiology, clinical features, and the challenging aspects of treatment of such infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumarpal Shrishrimal
- Department of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
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12
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Genome of Ochrobactrum anthropi ATCC 49188 T, a versatile opportunistic pathogen and symbiont of several eukaryotic hosts. J Bacteriol 2011; 193:4274-5. [PMID: 21685287 DOI: 10.1128/jb.05335-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi is a common soil alphaproteobacterium that colonizes a wide spectrum of organisms and is being increasingly recognized as an opportunistic human pathogen. Potentially life-threatening infections, such as endocarditis, are included in the list of reported O. anthropi infections. These reports, together with the scant number of studies and the organism's phylogenetic proximity to the highly pathogenic brucellae, make O. anthropi an attractive model of bacterial pathogenicity. Here we report the genome sequence of the type strain O. anthropi ATCC 49188, which revealed the presence of two chromosomes and four plasmids.
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13
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Recurrent Ochrobactrum anthropi, Treatment, and Clinical Relevance. INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE 2010. [DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0b013e3181d5e13c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Saveli CC, Levi M, Koeppe J. Ochrobactrum anthropi septic arthritis: case report and implications in orthopedic infections. Infect Dis Rep 2010; 2:e2. [PMID: 24470885 PMCID: PMC3892573 DOI: 10.4081/idr.2010.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi is a rare cause of orthopedic infections. We report the second case of Ochrobactrum anthropi septic arthritis in the literature. Our case highlights the ability of Ochrobactrum anthropi to cause septic arthritis and its relevance in the field of orthopedic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla C Saveli
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, USA
| | - Marilyn Levi
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, USA
| | - John Koeppe
- University of Colorado Denver, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, USA
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16
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Kikuchi Y, Bomar L, Graf J. Stratified bacterial community in the bladder of the medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana. Environ Microbiol 2009; 11:2758-70. [PMID: 19678832 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02004.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Most animals harbour symbiotic microorganisms inside their body, where intimate interactions occur between the partners. The medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana, possesses 17 pairs of excretory bladders that harbour a large number of intracellular and extracellular symbiotic bacteria. In this study, we characterized the bladder symbionts using molecular phylogenetic analyses, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequence analyses of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries suggested that six bacterial species co-colonize the leech bladders. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these species belong to the alpha-Proteobacteria (Ochrobactrum symbiont), beta-Proteobacteria (Beta-1 and Beta-2 symbionts), delta-Proteobacteria (Bdellovibrio symbiont) and Bacteroidetes (Niabella and Sphingobacterium symbionts). Species-specific PCR detection and FISH confirmed the localization of the symbiotic bacteria in the bladders. The Ochrobactrum, Beta-1, Bdellovibrio and Sphingobacterium symbionts were consistently detected in 13 leeches from two populations, while infection rate of the other symbionts ranged between 20% and 100% in the two leech populations. Transmission electron microscopy observations of the bladders revealed epithelial cells harbouring a number of intracellular bacilli and an additional type of extracellular, rod-shaped bacteria in the luminal region. Fluorescence in situ hybridization with group-specific oligonucleotide probes revealed the spatial organization of the bacterial species in the bladder: the Ochrobactrum symbiont was located intracellularly inside epithelial cells; the Bacteroidetes were localized close to the epithelium in the lumen of the bladder; and the Bacteroidetes layer was covered with dense beta-proteobacterial cells. These results clearly demonstrate that a simple but organized microbial community exists in the bladder of the medicinal leech.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bacteroidetes/genetics
- Bacteroidetes/isolation & purification
- Bacteroidetes/ultrastructure
- Biodiversity
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Leeches/microbiology
- Leeches/ultrastructure
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Phylogeny
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Proteobacteria/genetics
- Proteobacteria/isolation & purification
- Proteobacteria/ultrastructure
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/analysis
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Species Specificity
- Symbiosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitomo Kikuchi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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17
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Kim G, Jin S, Yoo J, Kim C, Choi J, Kim J, Song Y. A Case of Meropenem-Resistant Ochrobactrum anthropi Bacteremia. Infect Chemother 2009. [DOI: 10.3947/ic.2009.41.1.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- GunMin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SungJoon Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JeongSeon Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - ChangOh Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JunYong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - JuneMyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YoungGoo Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Duran R, Vatansever U, Acunaş B, Başaran UN. Ochrobactrum anthropi bacteremia in a preterm infant with meconium peritonitis. Int J Infect Dis 2008; 13:e61-3. [PMID: 18842433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi is a non-fermenting gram-negative rod that was identified as a pathogenic microorganism during the past decade. O. anthropi is extensively distributed in the environment, and has been found in hospital and environmental water sources. O. anthropi infection is rare in childhood. We report a case of O. anthropi bacteremia in a preterm infant with a peritoneal lavage catheter and meconium peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridvan Duran
- Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Edirne, Turkey.
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19
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Thoma B, Straube E, Scholz HC, Al Dahouk S, Zöller L, Pfeffer M, Neubauer H, Tomaso H. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Ochrobactrum spp. Int J Med Microbiol 2008; 299:209-20. [PMID: 18755630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2008.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Revised: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum (O.) anthropi is an opportunistic emerging pathogen closely related to the genus Brucella. Identification and differentiation from brucellae and other Ochrobactrum spp. using routine biochemical test systems is not reliable due to the high phenotypic similarity. In this study, antibiotic susceptibilities of 103 Ochrobactrum isolates were determined using Etest for 19 clinically relevant antimicrobial agents. Ochrobactrum strains were highly resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, susceptible to ciprofloxacin, and 97.1% were susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. It was also demonstrated that biochemical reaction profiles of the API and BD Phoenix 100 systems for identifying Ochrobactrum isolates can only be used on the genus level. Our in vitro data suggest that combinations of antimicrobial agents including ciprofloxacin and/or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole may be useful for empirical treatment of Ochrobactrum infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Thoma
- Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany.
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20
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Graham RLJ, Sharma MK, Ternan NG, Weatherly DB, Tarleton RL, McMullan G. A semi-quantitative GeLC-MS analysis of temporal proteome expression in the emerging nosocomial pathogen Ochrobactrum anthropi. Genome Biol 2008; 8:R110. [PMID: 17567905 PMCID: PMC2394761 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2007-8-6-r110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2007] [Revised: 05/10/2007] [Accepted: 06/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A semi-quantitative gel-based analysis identifies distinct proteomic profiles associated with specific growth points for the nosocomial pathogen Ochrobactrum anthropi. Background The α-Proteobacteria are capable of interaction with eukaryotic cells, with some members, such as Ochrobactrum anthropi, capable of acting as human pathogens. O. anthropi has been the cause of a growing number of hospital-acquired infections; however, little is known about its growth, physiology and metabolism. We used proteomics to investigate how protein expression of this organism changes with time during growth. Results This first gel-based liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS) temporal proteomic analysis of O. anthropi led to the positive identification of 131 proteins. These were functionally classified and physiochemically characterized. Utilizing the emPAI protocol to estimate protein abundance, we assigned molar concentrations to all proteins, and thus were able to identify 19 with significant changes in their expression. Pathway reconstruction led to the identification of a variety of central metabolic pathways, including nucleotide biosynthesis, fatty acid anabolism, glycolysis, TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism. In late phase growth we identified a number of gene products under the control of the oxyR regulon, which is induced in response to oxidative stress and whose protein products have been linked with pathogen survival in response to host immunity reactions. Conclusion This study identified distinct proteomic profiles associated with specific growth points for O. anthropi, while the use of emPAI allowed semi-quantitative analyses of protein expression. It was possible to reconstruct central metabolic pathways and infer unique functional and adaptive processes associated with specific growth phases, thereby resulting in a deeper understanding of the physiology and metabolism of this emerging pathogenic bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohit K Sharma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, County Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Nigel G Ternan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, County Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK
| | - D Brent Weatherly
- The Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Rick L Tarleton
- The Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Geoff McMullan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, County Londonderry BT52 1SA, UK
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21
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22
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Wi YM, Sohn KM, Rhee JY, Oh WS, Peck KR, Lee NY, Song JH. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis due to Ochrobactrum anthropi: a case report. J Korean Med Sci 2007; 22:377-9. [PMID: 17449955 PMCID: PMC2693613 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2007.22.2.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis from Ochrobactrum anthropi. O. anthropi is recognized as an emerging pathogen in immunocompromised patients. In contrast to most previously described cases, the patient reported here had no indwelling catheter. To our knowledge, no case of O. anthropi spontaneous bacterial peritonitis has been reported in the medical literature until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Wi
- Departments of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-mok Sohn
- Departments of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-young Rhee
- Departments of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Sup Oh
- Departments of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyong Ran Peck
- Departments of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Young Lee
- Departments of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Song
- Departments of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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23
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Leal-Klevezas DS, Martínez-de-la-Vega O, Ramírez-Barba EJ, Osterman B, Martínez-Soriano JP, Simpson J. Genotyping of Ochrobactrum spp. by AFLP analysis. J Bacteriol 2005; 187:2537-9. [PMID: 15774899 PMCID: PMC1065246 DOI: 10.1128/jb.187.7.2537-2539.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2004] [Accepted: 12/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AFLP was used to analyze the genetic diversity among Ochrobactrum strains. AFLP patterns showed a great genomic variability that separated the samples into three distinct clusters. Ochrobactrum intermedium was found to be closely related to Brucella abortus S99.
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24
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Volf P, Kiewegová A, Nemec A. Bacterial colonisation in the gut of Phlebotomus duboseqi (Diptera: Psychodidae): transtadial passage and the role of female diet. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2002; 49:73-7. [PMID: 11993554 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2002.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria isolated from the gut of different developmental stages of Philebotomus duboseqi Neveu-Lcmaire, 1906 belonged almost all to aerobic or facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods. In females, the highest bacterial counts were observed two days after bloodfeeding; seven days after bloodfeeding the bacterial counts returned to pre-feeding levels. Most isolates were identified phenotypically as Ochrobactrum sp. The distinctiveness and homogeneity of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Ochrobactrum isolates indicated that they belonged to a single strain (designated AK). This strain was acquired by larvae from food and passaged transtadially: it was isolated from the guts of fourth-instar larvae shortly before pupation, from pupae as well from newly emerged females. Most other bacteria found in females were acquired from the sugar solution fed to adults. To determine if the midgut lectin activity may serve as antibacterial agent females were membrane-fed on blood with addition of inhibitory carbohydrates. No significant differences in bacterial infections were found between experimental and control groups and we suppose that the lectin activity has no effect on gram-negative bacteria present in sandfly gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Volf
- Department of Parasitology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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25
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Daxboeck F, Zitta S, Assadian O, Krause R, Wenisch C, Kovarik J. Ochrobactrum anthropi bloodstream infection complicating hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2002; 40:E17. [PMID: 12324938 DOI: 10.1053/ajkd.2002.35759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report two cases of bacteremia with Ochrobactrum anthropi in patients on hemodialysis. Bacteremia became clinically manifest by recurrent febrile episodes during and after dialysis. In one patient, bacteremia persisted after ciprofloxacin therapy and was cleared only by removal of the dialysis catheter and a 3-week course of gentamicin. The second patient remained intermittently bacteremic for more than 3 months, although the dialysis catheter had been replaced. A MEDLINE search revealed only one previous report of O anthropi bloodstream infection in a patient on hemodialysis, but the pathogen is recognized increasingly as a causative agent of human disease, most importantly in debilitated patients. In contrast to most previously described cases, the two patients reported here had no malignancies and were not on immunosuppressive therapy. Treatment of O anthropi infection is challenging because of widespread and unpredictable resistance to antimicrobial agents and discrepancies between in vitro susceptibility and in vivo efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Daxboeck
- Institute of Hygiene, Division of Hospital Hygiene, and Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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26
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Nadjar D, Labia R, Cerceau C, Bizet C, Philippon A, Arlet G. Molecular characterization of chromosomal class C beta-lactamase and its regulatory gene in Ochrobactrum anthropi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45:2324-30. [PMID: 11451692 PMCID: PMC90649 DOI: 10.1128/aac.45.8.2324-2330.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi, formerly known as CDC group Vd, is an oxidase-producing, gram-negative, obligately aerobic, non-lactose-fermenting bacillus of low virulence that occasionally causes human infections. It is highly resistant to all beta-lactams except imipenem. A clinical isolate, SLO74, and six reference strains were tested. MICs of penicillins, aztreonam, and most cephalosporins tested, including cefotaxime and ceftazidime, were >128 microg/ml and of cefepime were 64 to >128 microg/ml. Clavulanic acid was ineffective and tazobactam had a weak effect in association with piperacillin. Two genes, ampR and ampC, were cloned by inserting restriction fragments of genomic DNA from the clinical strain O. anthropi SLO74 into pBK-CMV to give the recombinant plasmid pBK-OA1. The pattern of resistance to beta-lactams of this clone was similar to that of the parental strain, except for its resistance to cefepime (MIC, 0.5 ,micro/ml). The deduced amino acid sequence of the AmpC beta-lactamase (pI, 8.9) was only 41 to 52% identical to the sequence of other chromosomally encoded and plasmid-encoded class C beta-lactamases. The kinetic properties of this beta-lactamase were typical for this class of beta-lactamases. Upstream from the ampC gene, the ampR gene encodes a protein with a sequence that is 46 to 62% identical to those of other AmpR proteins and with an amino-terminal DNA-binding domain typical of transcriptional activators of the Lys-R family. The deduced amino acid sequences of the ampC genes of the six reference strains were 96 to 99% identical to the sequence of the clinical strain. The beta-lactamase characterized from strain SLO74 was named OCH-1 (gene, bla(OCH-I)).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Nadjar
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Hôpital Tenon, UFR Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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27
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Won SH, Lee BH, Lee HS, Jo J. An Ochrobactrum anthropi gene conferring paraquat resistance to the heterologous host Escherichia coli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 285:885-90. [PMID: 11467833 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new gene, pqrA, conferring paraquat resistance to the heterologous host Escherichia coli, from a chromosomal DNA library of Ochrobactrum anthropi JW2, was cloned and analyzed. Cells of E. coli transformed with a plasmid carrying the pqrA gene showed elevated resistance to paraquat, but not to hydrogen peroxide. The predicted amino acid sequence of the PqrA polypeptide showed 71% identity with mll7495 hypothetical membrane protein in Mesorhizobium loti, 49% identity with PA2269 protein in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and significant identity with other previously reported drug transport proteins. The hydropathy pattern of the PqrA polypeptide showed a significant homology to those of 12-transmembrane-segment (TMS) family export proteins. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the PqrA protein found in the membrane protein fraction of O. anthropi JW2 has a molecular mass of 42 kDa. These results suggest that the PqrA protein is a membrane protein that plays an important role in protecting cells against paraquat toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Won
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University, Sankyukdong, Pukku, Taegu, 702-701, Korea
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28
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Higgins CS, Murtough SM, Williamson E, Hiom SJ, Payne DJ, Russell AD, Walsh TR. Resistance to antibiotics and biocides among non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001; 7:308-15. [PMID: 11442564 DOI: 10.1046/j.1198-743x.2001.00253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibiotic and biocide susceptibilities of clinical isolates of rarely encountered Gram-negative, non-fermenting bacteria. METHODS Thirty Gram-negative non-fermenting bacterial strains were isolated from blood cultures of oncology patients. These were studied for their resistance to 11 antibiotics. Their susceptibilities to seven biocides used in hospitals were also examined. RESULTS Isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Ochrobactrum anthropi were generally resistant to at least five of the antibiotics, whereas isolates of Comamonas acidivorans, Flavobacterium oryzihabitans, Aeromonas hydrophila, Sphingobacterium spiritivorum, Acinetobacter junii and Acinetobacter lwoffi were generally sensitive to at least nine of the antibiotics. Trovafloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were the most effective antibacterial agents tested, with 0% and 7%, respectively, of isolates being resistant, whereas 63% of isolates were resistant to aztreonam. Some isolates, sensitive to meropenem and/or ceftazidime in vitro, possessed very high MBC/MIC ratios for these beta-lactams. Two out of three biocides used in hospital pharmacies showed lethal activity towards all strains tested when used at less than one-third of their recommended in-use concentration. Proceine 40 failed to give a 5 log reduction in bacterial cell number for the isolates tested when used at its "in-use" concentration. A concentration of > 500 mg/L chlorhexidine was required to achieve a 5 log reduction for the same isolates. CONCLUSIONS We have examined the antibiotic susceptibilities of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from immunocompromised patients. Despite being sensitive to certain antibiotics in vitro, some isolates were still able to cause serious bacteremia. We have also reported for the first time the susceptibilities of non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria to common biocides used in hospital infection control, and have shown that some strains are able to persist at the "in-use" concentration of particular biocides. It is therefore important to study further this particular group of organisms, and, in particular, to examine whether there exists a link between resistance to antibiotics and resistance to biocides.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Higgins
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Walf, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
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29
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Fernández-Lago L, Vallejo FJ, Trujillano I, Vizcaíno N. Fluorescent whole-cell hybridization with 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes to identify Brucella spp. by flow cytometry. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:2768-71. [PMID: 10878084 PMCID: PMC87026 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.7.2768-2771.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A whole-cell hybridization assay with fluorescent oligonucleotide probes derived from the 16S rRNA sequence of Brucella abortus in combination with flow cytometry has been developed. With the three fluorescent probes selected, a positive signal was observed with all the representative strains of the species and biovars of Brucella and with a total of nine different Brucella clinical isolates. Using the B9 probe in the hybridization assay, it was possible to discriminate between Brucella suis biovars 2, 3, 4, and 5 and almost all the other Brucella spp. On the basis of differences in fluorescence intensities, no discrimination was established between Brucella spp. and other phylogenetically related microorganisms. No positive fluorescence signals were detected with any of the bacteria showing serological cross-reactions with Brucella spp. and with a total of 17 clinical isolates not belonging to the genus Brucella. These results suggest that the 16S rRNA whole-cell hybridization technique could be a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection and identification of Brucella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fernández-Lago
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Edificio Departamental, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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30
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Velasco J, Bengoechea JA, Brandenburg K, Lindner B, Seydel U, González D, Zähringer U, Moreno E, Moriyón I. Brucella abortus and its closest phylogenetic relative, Ochrobactrum spp., differ in outer membrane permeability and cationic peptide resistance. Infect Immun 2000; 68:3210-8. [PMID: 10816465 PMCID: PMC97564 DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.6.3210-3218.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The outer membrane (OM) of the intracellular parasite Brucella abortus is permeable to hydrophobic probes and resistant to destabilization by polycationic peptides and EDTA. The significance of these unusual properties was investigated in a comparative study with the opportunistic pathogens of the genus Ochrobactrum, the closest known Brucella relative. Ochrobactrum spp. OMs were impermeable to hydrophobic probes and sensitive to polymyxin B but resistant to EDTA. These properties were traced to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) because (i) insertion of B. abortus LPS, but not of Escherichia coli LPS, into Ochrobactrum OM increased its permeability; (ii) permeability and polymyxin B binding measured with LPS aggregates paralleled the results with live bacteria; and (iii) the predicted intermediate results were obtained with B. abortus-Ochrobactrum anthropi and E. coli-O. anthropi LPS hybrid aggregates. Although Ochrobactrum was sensitive to polymyxin, self-promoted uptake and bacterial lysis occurred without OM morphological changes, suggesting an unusual OM structural rigidity. Ochrobactrum and B. abortus LPSs showed no differences in phosphate, qualitative fatty acid composition, or acyl chain fluidity. However, Ochrobactrum LPS, but not B. abortus LPS, contained galacturonic acid. B. abortus and Ochrobactrum smooth LPS aggregates had similar size and zeta potential (-12 to -15 mV). Upon saturation with polymyxin, zeta potential became positive (1 mV) for Ochrobactrum smooth LPS while remaining negative (-5 mV) for B. abortus smooth LPS, suggesting hindered access to inner targets. These results show that although Ochrobactrum and Brucella share a basic OM pattern, subtle modifications in LPS core cause markedly different OM properties, possibly reflecting the adaptive evolution of B. abortus to pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Velasco
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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31
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Abstract
Although newer tunneled dialysis catheters offer improved capacity for blood flow and efficiency of dialysis, catheter-associated bacteremia remains an extremely important complication of this access strategy. This is a report of a case of catheter-associated bacteremia with Ochrobactrum anthropi, a water-borne gram-negative rod with an unusual pattern of antibiotic resistance. Given the organism's hydrophilic property and the frequency of catheter use in debilitated individuals with end-stage renal disease, Ochrobactrum anthropi infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a hemodialysis patient with unexplained fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Chertow
- Divisions of Nephrology, Moffitt-Long Hospitals and UCSF-Mount Zion Medical Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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32
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Mahmood MS, Sarwari AR, Khan MA, Sophie Z, Khan E, Sami S. Infective endocarditis and septic embolization with Ochrobactrum anthropi: case report and review of literature. J Infect 2000; 40:287-90. [PMID: 10908026 DOI: 10.1053/jinf.2000.0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi, previously known as CDC group Vd, is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus of low virulence that occasionally causes human infection. We describe a case of infective endocarditis with O. anthropi complicated by septic embolization. A review of all the literature reported cases of O. anthropi infection is presented and categorized into 'Central line related', 'Transplant related' and "Other pyogenic infections". Mortality appears to be related to the underlying disease state, rather than the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Mahmood
- Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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33
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Esteban J, Ortiz A, Rollán E, Reyero-López A, Soriano F. Peritonitis due to Ochrobactrum anthropi in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Infect 2000; 40:205-6. [PMID: 10841106 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(00)80023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Delière E, Vu-Thien H, Lévy V, Barquins S, Schlegel L, Bouvet A. Epidemiological investigation of Ochrobactrum anthropi strains isolated from a haematology unit. J Hosp Infect 2000; 44:173-8. [PMID: 10706799 DOI: 10.1053/jhin.1999.0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi is an oxidase-producing gram-negative bacillus preferring aqueous environments. It is an opportunist of low pathogenicity with a wide and unpredictable antibiotic resistance. We observed bacteraemia caused by this organism in two immunocompromized patients hospitalized in the same haematology unit and catheter-associated sepsis was recognized within two days. Another isolate was obtained from the stools of a third patient of the same unit. Environmental investigations recovered an isolate from a tap-water sample of the unit. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of these four isolates and two others isolates previously found in the same ward, showed identical restriction patterns for the two blood isolates and confirmed that the two bacteraemia were epidemiologically related.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Delière
- Service de Microbiologie, Hôtel Dieu, Université Paris VI., Paris, 75004, France
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Babic I, Fischer-Le Saux M, Giraud E, Boemare N. Occurrence of natural dixenic associations between the symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens and bacteria related to Ochrobactrum spp. in tropical entomopathogenic Heterorhabditis spp. (Nematoda, Rhabditida). MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2000; 146 ( Pt 3):709-718. [PMID: 10746775 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-146-3-709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria naturally associated with the symbiont Photorhabdus luminescens subsp. akhurstii were isolated from the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis indica. Bacterial isolates distinct from P. luminescens subsp. akhurstii were obtained from 33% of the samples. Fourteen bacterial isolates, from nematodes collected from three different Caribbean islands, were characterized by conventional phenotypic tests, restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes (16S rDNAs). Isolates were grouped into three genotypes, each one being associated with one Caribbean island. Phenotypic characteristics and 16S rDNA analysis showed that the Photorhabdus-associated bacteria were closely related to Ochrobactrum anthropi for the group from Guadeloupe, and to Ochrobactrum intermedium for the two groups from the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. No pathogenicity of the Ochrobactrum spp. to the insects Galleria mellonella and Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera) was detected. Since Ochrobactrum spp. are considered as human opportunist pathogens, the mass production of entomopathogenic nematodes for biological control requires strict vigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Babic
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Comparée, INRA-CNRS, IFR 56 'Biologie cellulaire et Processus infectieux', Université Montpellier II, CP 101, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France1
| | - Marion Fischer-Le Saux
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Comparée, INRA-CNRS, IFR 56 'Biologie cellulaire et Processus infectieux', Université Montpellier II, CP 101, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France1
| | - Eric Giraud
- Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, CIRAD-IRD-INRA-Agro-Montpellier, BP 5035, F-34032 Montpellier Cedex 1, France2
| | - Noël Boemare
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Comparée, INRA-CNRS, IFR 56 'Biologie cellulaire et Processus infectieux', Université Montpellier II, CP 101, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France1
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Mastroianni A, Cancellieri C, Montini G. Ochrobactrum anthropi bacteremia: case report and review of the literature. Clin Microbiol Infect 1999; 5:570-573. [PMID: 11851711 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.1999.tb00437.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
The identity of 45 protein spots representing 32 orthologues within the Ochrobactrum anthropi proteome within a gradient of pH 4-7, and mass range 5-90 kDa were determined across species boundaries. These proteins could be classified into 13 functional categories and establish metabolic, regulatory and translatory systems including amino acid biosynthesis, electron transport and the potential for plant symbiosis in a molecularly understudied organism. Amino acid composition and/or peptide mass fingerprinting were employed as a means to search the Swiss-Prot and OWL protein sequence databases for similarity within a broad taxonomic class of bacteria. Candidate matches from database searches could be compared and a simple multiplication matrix based on co-occurrence and rank within the top 96 most similar entries was used to provide statistical confidence. This mathematical matrix was evaluated with respect to the characterisation of O. anthropi, an unsequenced and understudied bacterium, in the light of the recent influx of DNA sequence information.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Wasinger
- The University of Sydney, Centre for Proteome Research and Gene-Product Mapping, Australian Technology Park, Eveleigh.
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Abstract
Ochrobactrum Anthropi (O. anthropi ), formerly known as Achromobacter CDC group Vd, is a gram-negative bacillus that is aerobic, oxidase producing, and nonlactose fermenting. This organism has been found in environmental and hospital water sources and has pathogenic potential in humans. Most reports in the literature of O. anthropi bacteremia are associated with intravenous line infections. We describe a case of bacteremia with O. anthropi in a 33-month-old boy with acute osteomyelitis. O. anthropi bacteremia also has been reported in immunocompromised hosts. Rarely, O. anthropi has been a cause of soft tissue or bone infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jelveh
- Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
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Bélec L, Authier FJ, Mohamed AS, Soubrier M, Gherardi RK. Antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 in POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, skin changes) syndrome with multicentric Castleman's disease. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 28:678-9. [PMID: 10194095 DOI: 10.1086/515169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Bélec
- Laboratoire de Virologie, CHU Broussais-Hôtel Dieu, Paris, France.
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Möller LV, Arends JP, Harmsen HJ, Talens A, Terpstra P, Slooff MJ. Ochrobactrum intermedium infection after liver transplantation. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37:241-4. [PMID: 9854103 PMCID: PMC84223 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.37.1.241-244.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of bacteremia due to Ochrobactrum intermedium, with concomitant liver abscesses, in an orthotopic liver transplant recipient is presented. Identical microorganisms were isolated from fecal specimens and from an aspirate of a liver abscess that was indicative of invasion of the graft by gastrointestinal spread. 16S DNA sequence analysis of the blood isolate revealed the recovery of the recently proposed new species O. intermedium, closely related to Ochrobactrum anthropi and Brucella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Möller
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Groningen and Laboratory for Public Health Groningen, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Favaloro B, Melino S, Petruzzelli R, Di Ilio C, Rotilio D. Purification and characterization of a novel glutathione transferase from Ochrobactrum anthropi. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1998; 160:81-6. [PMID: 9495016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione transferase was purified from Ochrobactrum anthropi and its N-terminal sequence was determined to be MKLYYKVGACSLAPHIILSEAGLPY. The apparent molecular mass of the protein (24 kDa) was determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The amino acid sequence obtained showed similarities with known bacterial glutathione transferases in the range of 72-64%. Immunoblotting experiments performed with antisera raised against glutathione transferase from O. anthropi did not show cross-reactivity with two bacterial glutathione transferases belonging to Serratia marcescens and Proteus mirabilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Favaloro
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Gennaro Paone Environmental Health Center, Santa Maria Imbaro, Italy.
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Manfredi R, Nanetti A, Ferri M, Chiodo F. Bacteremia and respiratory involvement by Alcaligenes xylosoxidans in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1997; 16:933-8. [PMID: 9495677 DOI: 10.1007/bf01700563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Seven cases of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans bacteremia and/or respiratory disease in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are described. Reported only thrice previously in this setting, these bacterial complications occurred during different phases of HIV infection and were associated with leukopenia-neutropenia in four patients and a central vascular catheter in two. Although the majority of cases were diagnosed after day 3 of hospitalization, a distinct source of infection was never identified. In four patients with advanced underlying disease, a polymicrobial infection was present. In vitro resistance to aminoglycosides, first-generation cephalosporins, and aztreonam was identified, but treatment with fluoroquinolones, piperacillin, or an aminoglycoside in combination with either ceftazidime or pefloxacin was successful in all cases. The relevance of Alcaligenes xylosoxidans and related species of gram-negative non-glucose fermenting bacilli as opportunistic pathogens in the immunocompromised host and in the setting of HIV infection is briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Manfredi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica Specialistica e Sperimentale, Università di Bologna, Italy
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Wasinger VC, Bjellqvist B, Humphery-Smith I. Proteomic 'contigs' of Ochrobactrum anthropi, application of extensive pH gradients. Electrophoresis 1997; 18:1373-83. [PMID: 9298651 DOI: 10.1002/elps.1150180812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The most extensive linear pH gradients yet employed in combination with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis are described, along with their application in proteome analysis. A significant proportion of the protein compliment of bacterial species is believed to be accessible using an extended linear pH gradient of 2.3 to 11.0. Protein standards with predicted isoelectric points (pI) ranging from 3.24 to 9.56 were used to confirm focusing positions with respect to the immobilised pH gradients (IPG) prior to mapping studies of Ochrobactrum anthropi. Multiple gel images were used to construct contiguous windows of protein expression ('proteomic contigs') within 18 cm pH gradients 2.3-5, 4-7, and 6-11 in conjunction with 15% T and 7.5% T acrylamide gels, the latter being used to resolve higher molecular weight (M(r)) proteins. Each IPG had a 5 cm region of similar pH gradient overlap at pH 4-5 and pH 6-7 that was used to construct an image of protein expression characteristic of whole cell lysates. This is reminiscent of genomic sequencing initiatives whereby portions are combined to form a contiguous picture of the whole. The protein maps obtained demonstrated a means of resolving the many tens of thousands of cellular proteins likely to occur in eukaryotic systems, but also highlighted the need to further optimise protein extraction, equilibration buffers, and separation conditions of higher M(r) proteins occurring at extreme pI. Theoretical 2-D protein maps were constructed for five organisms for which the total DNA sequence is now available. In all cases, higher M(r) acidic and basic proteins were shown to be common.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Wasinger
- Centre for Proteome Research and Gene-Product Mapping, National Innovation Centre, Eveleigh, Australia
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Velasco J, Díaz R, Grilló MJ, Barberán M, Marín C, Blasco JM, Moriyón I. Antibody and delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to Ochrobactrum anthropi cytosolic and outer membrane antigens in infections by smooth and rough Brucella spp. CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 1997; 4:279-84. [PMID: 9144364 PMCID: PMC170519 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.4.3.279-284.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Immunological cross-reactions between Brucella spp. and Ochrobactrum anthropi were investigated in animals and humans naturally infected by Brucella spp. and in experimentally infected rams (Brucella ovis infected), rabbits (Brucella melitensis infected), and mice (B. melitensis and Brucella abortus infected). In the animals tested, O. anthropi cytosolic proteins evoked a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction of a frequency and intensity similar to that observed with B. melitensis brucellin. O. anthropi cytosolic proteins also reacted in gel precipitation tests with antibodies in sera from Brucella natural hosts with a frequency similar to that observed with B. melitensis proteins, and absorption experiments and immunoblotting showed antibodies to both Brucella-specific proteins and proteins common to Brucella and O. anthropi. No antibodies to O. anthropi cytosolic proteins were detected in the sera of Brucella-free hosts. Immunoblotting with sera of Brucella-infected sheep and goats showed immunoglobulin G (IgG) to Brucella group 3 outer membrane proteins and to O. anthropi proteins of similar molecular weight. No IgG to the O-specific polysaccharide of O. anthropi lipopolysaccharide was detected in the sera of Brucella-infected hosts. The sera of sheep, goats, and rabbits infected with B. melitensis contained IgG to O. anthropi rough lipopolysaccharide and lipid A, and B. ovis and O. anthropi rough lipopolysaccharides showed equal reactivities with IgG in the sera of B. ovis-infected rams. The findings show that the immunoresponse of Brucella-infected hosts to protein antigens is not necessarily specific for brucellae and suggest that the presence of O. anthropi or some related bacteria explains the previously described reactivities to Brucella rough lipopolysaccharide and outer membrane proteins in healthy animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Velasco
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Monteil H, Harf-Monteil C. Aerobic gram-negative bacilli: newer nosocomial pathogens. Int J Antimicrob Agents 1997; 8:217-31. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(97)00013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/1997] [Revised: 03/18/1997] [Accepted: 03/18/1997] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Ochrobactrum anthropi in a partially immunosuppressed patient who had undergone central venous access for hyperalimentation and home intravenous therapy. METHODS Case report. RESULTS Blood cultures were positive for O anthropi. Vitreous cultures grew a gram-variable bacillus. The patient's ocular and systemic condition markedly improved after intravitreal antibiotics and systemic ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS Ochrobactrum anthropi may cause endogenous endophthalmitis in patients with a history of indwelling catheters for venous access or other permanent medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Berman
- Barnes Retina Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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47
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Laura D, De Socio G, Frassanito R, Rotilio D. Effects of atrazine on Ochrobactrum anthropi membrane fatty acids. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996; 62:2644-6. [PMID: 8779602 PMCID: PMC168045 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.7.2644-2646.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ochrobactrum anthropi is a gram-negative bacillus recognized as a human opportunist pathogen isolated in clinical specimens and not of clinical significance. We report a new aspect of this bacterium, that it has been isolated from activated sludge. In fact, it is able to grow on atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropyl-amine-s-triazine) by utilizing it as the only source of carbon. Our results show that atrazine (0.03 g/liter) causes a dramatical increase in the degree of saturation of membrane fatty acids. Analysis and identification of bacterial fatty acids were performed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Laura
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, "Gennaro Paone" Environmental Health Center, Santa Maria Imbaro, Italy
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48
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Velasco J, Moll H, Vinogradov EV, Moriyón I, Zähringer U. Determination of the O-specific polysaccharide structure in the lipopolysaccharide of Ochrobactrum anthropi LMG 3331. Carbohydr Res 1996; 287:123-6. [PMID: 8765064 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(96)00068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Velasco
- Dpto, Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Ramos JM, Román A, Fernández-Roblas R, Cabello A, Soriano F. Infection caused by Ochrobactrum anthropi. Clin Microbiol Infect 1996; 1:214-216. [PMID: 11866765 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.1996.tb00561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Haditsch M, Binder L, Tschurtschenthaler G, Watschinger R, Zauner G, Mittermayer H. Bacteremia caused by Ochrobactrum anthropi in an immunocompromised child. Infection 1994; 22:291-2. [PMID: 8002092 DOI: 10.1007/bf01739922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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