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Alves ALV, da Silva LS, Faleiros CA, Silva VAO, Reis RM. The Role of Ingenane Diterpenes in Cancer Therapy: From Bioactive Secondary Compounds to Small Molecules. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diterpenes are a class of critical taxonomic markers of the Euphorbiaceae family, representing small compounds (eg, molecules) with a wide range of biological activities and multi-target therapeutic potential. Diterpenes can exert different activities, including antitumor and multi-drug resistance-reversing activities, and antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects, mainly due to their great structural diversity. In particular, one polycyclic skeleton has been highlighted: ingenane. Besides this natural diterpene, promising polycyclic skeletons may be submitted to chemical modification—by in silico approaches, chemical reactions, or biotransformation—putatively providing more active analogs (eg, ingenol derivatives), which are currently under pre-clinical investigation. This review outlines the current mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic implications of ingenol diterpenes as small cancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura V. Alves
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Luciane S. da Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Camila A. Faleiros
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Viviane A. O. Silva
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui M. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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2
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Huang YS, Lu Y, Chen CH, Lee KH, Chen DF. Potent Anti-HIV Ingenane Diterpenoids from Euphorbia ebracteolata. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1587-1592. [PMID: 31184480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two new (1 and 2) and 14 known (3-16) ingenane diterpenoids were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata by bioassay-guided fractionation together with UPLC-MS n analysis. The absolute configurations of the new diterpenoids were established from electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data and ECD calculations. Except for ingenol (16), the ingenane diterpenoids with long aliphatic chain substituents (1-15) exhibited potent activities against HIV-1, with IC50 values of 0.7 to 9.7 nM and selectivity index values of 96.2 to 20 263. From the results, it was concluded that long aliphatic chain substituents are required for the enhanced anti-HIV activity of ingenane diterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Si Huang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chin-Ho Chen
- Duke University Medical Center, Box 2926 , SORF , Durham , North Carolina 27710 , United States
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy , University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-7568 , United States
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center , China Medical University and Hospital , Taichung 40402 , Taiwan
| | - Dao-Feng Chen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
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4
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Liu T, Yao Y, Zhang G, Wang Y, Deng B, Song J, Li X, Han F, Xiao X, Yang J, Xia L, Li YJ, Plachynta M, Zhang M, Yan C, Mu S, Luo H, Zacksenhaus E, Hao X, Ben-David Y. A screen for Fli-1 transcriptional modulators identifies PKC agonists that induce erythroid to megakaryocytic differentiation and suppress leukemogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16728-16743. [PMID: 28052010 PMCID: PMC5369997 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ETS-related transcription factor Fli-1 affects many developmental programs including erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation, and is frequently de-regulated in cancer. Fli-1 was initially isolated following retrovirus insertional mutagenesis screens for leukemic initiator genes, and accordingly, inhibition of this transcription factor can suppress leukemia through induction of erythroid differentiation. To search for modulators of Fli-1, we hereby performed repurposing drug screens with compounds isolated from Chinese medicinal plants. We identified agents that can transcriptionally activate or inhibit a Fli-1 reporter. Remarkably, agents that increased Fli-1 transcriptional activity conferred a strong anti-cancer activity upon Fli-1-expressing leukemic cells in culture. As opposed to drugs that suppress Fli1 activity and lead to erythroid differentiation, growth suppression by these new Fli-1 transactivating compounds involved erythroid to megakaryocytic conversion (EMC). The identified compounds are structurally related to diterpene family of small molecules, which are known agonists of protein kinase C (PKC). In accordance, these PKC agonists (PKCAs) induced PKC phosphorylation leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, increased cell attachment and EMC, whereas pharmacological inhibition of PKC or MAPK diminished the effect of our PKCAs. Moreover, in a mouse model of leukemia initiated by Fli-1 activation, the PKCA compounds exhibited strong anti-cancer activity, which was accompanied by increased presence of CD41/CD61 positive megakaryocytic cells in leukemic spleens. Thus, PKC agonists offer a novel approach to combat Fli-1-induced leukemia, and possibly other cancers,by inducing EMC in part through over-activation of the PKC-MAPK-Fli-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangjingjun Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Ye Wang
- College of Ecology, Lishui University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Jialei Song
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenic Regulation, College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jue Yang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guizhou, China
| | - You-Jun Li
- Department of Anatomy, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Maksym Plachynta
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Mu Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Heng Luo
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Abstract
Despite a more recent isolation and chemical characterization when compared to phorbol, along with its chemical instability, limited distribution in Nature, and scarce availability, ingenol is the only Euphorbia diterpenoid that has undergone successful pharmaceutical development, with ingenol 3-angelate (ingenol mebutate, Picato(®)) entering the pharmaceutical market in 2012 for the treatment of actinic keratosis. The phytochemical, chemical, and biological literature on members of the ingenane class of diterpenoids is reviewed from their first isolation in 1968 through 2015, highlighting unresolved issues both common to phorboids (biogenesis, relationship between molecular targets, and in vivo activity) and specific to ingenol derivatives (two-dimensional representation, in-out stereoisomerism, versatility of binding mode to PKC, and inconsistencies in the structural elucidation of some classes of derivatives). The biogenesis of ingenol is discussed in the light of the Jakupovic proposal of a dissection between the formation of the macrocyclic Euphorbia diterpenoids and the phorboids, and the clinical development of ingenol mebutate is chronicled in the light of its "reverse-pharmacology" focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Appendino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy.
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