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TERZİ Ü, ATEŞ İ. SJÖGREN SENDROMU İLE BAZI GEN POLİMORFİZMLERİ ARASINDAKİ OLASI BAĞLANTILAR. ANKARA UNIVERSITESI ECZACILIK FAKULTESI DERGISI 2023; 47:7-7. [DOI: 10.33483/jfpau.1328811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Objective: Sjögren’s syndrome is a complex and widespread autoimmune disease whose pathogenesis is not fully elucidated and environmental and genetic factors affect the development of the disease. In order to reveal the effect of genetic contribution, studies have been conducted on the genes previously shown to play a role in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythromatosus. In addition, two GWAS studies were conducted to investigate the role of more genes in the disease by screening the entire genome and the relationship of previously unknown genes with SS was shown.
Result and Discussion: Studies are being conducted with spontaneous and genetically modified animal models in order to better reveal the relationship between SS and genes and to reinforce the data obtained from humans. In this study, the relationship between the genes previously studied in other autoimmune diseases and the genes associated with SS in GWAS studies and the possible pathways that may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease through related genes were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ülkü TERZİ
- ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, ECZACILIK MESLEK BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, FARMASOTİK TOKSİKOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
| | - İlker ATEŞ
- ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ECZACILIK FAKÜLTESİ, ECZACILIK MESLEK BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, FARMASOTİK TOKSİKOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI
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Thatayatikom A, Bhattacharyya I, Elder ME, Cha S. The first case of monozygotic twin boys with nearly identical features of Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 59:687-688. [PMID: 31566227 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akaluck Thatayatikom
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, FL, USA
| | | | - Melissa E Elder
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology/Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Seunghee Cha
- Division of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Luemsamran P, Rootman J, White VA, Nassiri N, Heran MKS. The role of biopsy in lacrimal gland inflammation: A clinicopathologic study. Orbit 2017; 36:411-418. [PMID: 28816552 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2017.1352608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the causes of lacrimal gland inflammation based on histopathology and systemic evaluation. METHODS This is a retrospective case series study. From the University of British Columbia Orbit Clinic between January 1976 and December 2008, we reviewed the medical records of 60 patients who presented with inflammatory features of the lacrimal gland (i.e., erythema, edema, or tenderness) in which the diagnoses were not possible clinically and on imaging alone. As was our routine practice, all these patients underwent lacrimal gland biopsy before starting any treatment. RESULTS The histopathologic findings of the 60 patients showed that 37 (61.7%) had identifiable types of lacrimal inflammation including 10 with Sjogren's syndrome, seven with sarcoidal reaction, six with feature of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis), five with lymphoma, two with sclerosing inflammation, two with IgG4-related dacryoadenitis, and one patient each with infectious dacryoadenitis, myoepithelial carcinoma, xanthogranuloma, eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis, and eosinophilic allergic granulomatous nodule. The histopathologic findings of the remaining 23 (38.3%) patients showed nonspecific inflammation of the lacrimal gland. 23 patients (38.3%) had associated systemic diseases. 48 patients (80%) were treated successfully and 10 (16.7%) had recurrence of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that in patients presenting with lacrimal gland inflammation (i.e., erythema, edema, tenderness) in which the specific diagnosis cannot be made clinically and on imaging, biopsy is warranted for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. We found that the majority of these patients (61.7%) had specific histopathology, and 38% had systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panitee Luemsamran
- a Department of Ophthalmology, Siriraj Hospital , Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
| | - Jack Rootman
- b Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences , University of British Columbia and the Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,c Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of British Columbia and the Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,d Jules Stein Eye Institute , University of California at Los Angeles , USA
| | - Valerie A White
- c Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of British Columbia and the Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Nariman Nassiri
- d Jules Stein Eye Institute , University of California at Los Angeles , USA
| | - Manraj K S Heran
- e Department of Radiology , University of British Columbia and the Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver , BC , Canada
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Kuo CF, Grainge MJ, Valdes AM, See LC, Luo SF, Yu KH, Zhang W, Doherty M. Familial Risk of Sjögren's Syndrome and Co-aggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families: A Nationwide Population Study. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:1904-12. [PMID: 25940005 PMCID: PMC5034806 DOI: 10.1002/art.39127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate familial aggregation of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and the relative risks (RRs) of other autoimmune disease in relatives of patients with SS. Methods We identified 23,658,577 beneficiaries enrolled in the Taiwan National Health Insurance system in 2010, of whom 12,754 had SS. We identified 21,009,551 parent–child relationships and 17,168,340 pairs of full siblings. The familial risks of SS and other autoimmune diseases, tetrachoric correlation, and familial transmission were estimated. Results We identified 105 patients with SS who had an affected first‐degree relative. The RR of SS was 18.99 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9.76–36.93) in siblings of patients with SS, 11.31 (95% CI 8.34–15.33) in offspring, and 12.46 (95% CI 9.34–16.62) in parents. Tetrachoric correlation coefficients were 0.53 (95% CI 0.41–0.65) for cotwins of affected individuals and 0.21 (95% CI 0.16–0.26) for full siblings. The familial transmission (heritability plus shared environmental contribution) was 0.54 (95% CI 0.44–0.77). In first‐degree relatives of patients with SS, the RRs were 2.95 (95% CI 2.33–3.73) for rheumatoid arthritis, 6.25 (95% CI 5.15–7.58) for systemic lupus erythematosus, 2.39 (95% CI 0.77–7.41) for systemic sclerosis, 0.71 (95% CI 0.10–5.07) for idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, 1.97 (95% CI 1.29–3.02) for type 1 diabetes mellitus, 3.38 (95% CI 1.26–9.05) for multiple sclerosis, 1.67 (95% CI 0.83–3.33) for myasthenia gravis, 1.25 (95% CI 1.04–1.50) for psoriasis, 1.21 (95% CI 0.39–3.76) for inflammatory bowel disease, and 2.29 (95% CI 1.19–4.40) for vasculitis. Conclusion The risk of SS and other autoimmune diseases is increased in relatives of patients with SS, and more than one‐half of phenotypic variance in SS can be explained by familial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Fu Kuo
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Shue-Fen Luo
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Hui Yu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Seok Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital-Chonbuk National University, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, South Korea
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Ice JA, Li H, Adrianto I, Lin PC, Kelly JA, Montgomery CG, Lessard CJ, Moser KL. Genetics of Sjögren's syndrome in the genome-wide association era. J Autoimmun 2012; 39:57-63. [PMID: 22289719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
While Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is more common than related autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), scientific and medical research in SS has lagged behind significantly. This is especially true in the field of SS genetics, where efforts to date have relied heavily on candidate gene approaches. Within the last decade, the advent of the genome-wide association (GWA) scan has altered our understanding of disease pathogenesis in hundreds of disorders through the successful identification of novel risk loci. With strong evidence for a genetic component in SS as evidenced by familial aggregation of SS as well as similarities between SS and SLE and RA, the application of GWA approaches would likely yield numerous novel risk loci in SS. Here we review the fundamental scientific principles employed in GWA scans as well as the limitations of this tool, and we discuss the application of GWA scans in determining genetic variants at play in complex disease. We also examine the successful application of GWA scans in SLE, which now has more than 40 confirmed risk loci, and consider the possibility for a similar trajectory of SS genetic discovery in the era of GWA scans. Ultimately, the GWA studies that will be performed in SS have the potential to identify a myriad of novel genetic loci that will allow scientists to begin filling in the gaps in our understanding of the SS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Ice
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Bogdanos DP, Smyk DS, Rigopoulou EI, Mytilinaiou MG, Heneghan MA, Selmi C, Gershwin ME. Twin studies in autoimmune disease: genetics, gender and environment. J Autoimmun 2011; 38:J156-69. [PMID: 22177232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Twin studies are powerful tools to discriminate whether a complex disease is due to genetic or environmental factors. High concordance rates among monozygotic (MZ) twins support genetic factors being predominantly involved, whilst low rates are suggestive of environmental factors. Twin studies have often been utilised in the study of systemic and organ specific autoimmune diseases. As an example, type I diabetes mellitus has been investigated to establish that that disease is largely affected by genetic factors, compared to rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, which have a weaker genetic association. However, large twin studies are scarce or virtually non-existent in other autoimmune diseases which have been limited to few sets of twins and individual case reports. In addition to the study of the genetic and environmental contributions to disease, it is likely that twin studies will also provide data in regards to the clinical course of disease, as well as risk for development in related individuals. More importantly, genome-wide association studies have thus far reported genomic variants that only account for a minority of autoimmunity cases, and cannot explain disease discordance in MZ twins. Future research is therefore encouraged not only in the analysis of twins with autoimmune disease, but also in regards to epigenetic factors or rare variants that may be discovered with next-generation sequencing. This review will examine the literature surrounding twin studies in autoimmune disease including discussions of genetics and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Institute of Liver Studies, Liver Immunopathology, King's College London School of Medicine at King's College Hospital, London, UK.
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Longhi BS, Appenzeller S, Centeville M, Gusmão RJ, Marini R. Primary Sjögren's syndrome in children: is a family approach indicated? Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66:1991-3. [PMID: 22086534 PMCID: PMC3203976 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011001100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S Longhi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Science State, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
The evidence for a strong genetic component conferring susceptibility to primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is mounting. Several associations with SS have been reported and provide evidence that the HLA region harbors important susceptibility loci and that multiple genes outside the HLA region play a role. Genetic discovery lags behind success observed in related autoimmune diseases. Identifying genetic factors that cause SS will allow more precise definition of pathogenic mechanisms leading to the overall SS phenotype and clinically heterogeneous subsets of patients. Critical opportunities are certain to follow for translation into improved diagnosis and therapies for SS and its spectrum diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth L Cobb
- Arthritis and Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Salama B, Tea S, Thiery E, Duchene F, Lassabe C, Angonin R, Delemazure B. 101 Exophtalmie aiguë unilatérale due à une dacryo-adénite lymphocytaire secondaire à la maladie de Gougerot-Sjögren : à propos d’un cas. J Fr Ophtalmol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(08)70697-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Parkin B, Chew JB, White VA, Garcia-Briones G, Chhanabhai M, Rootman J. Lymphocytic infiltration and enlargement of the lacrimal glands: a new subtype of primary Sjögren's syndrome? Ophthalmology 2005; 112:2040-7. [PMID: 16168486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Accepted: 06/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the clinical, radiologic, serologic, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic features of patients having Sjögren's syndrome (SS) with lacrimal gland enlargement. DESIGN Retrospective case series review. PARTICIPANTS Fourteen patients histopathologically diagnosed with SS with lacrimal enlargement. Twenty-three age- and gender-matched controls were used for comparison on radiologic analysis. METHODS Clinical and serologic data were determined directly or by chart review. Computed tomography images from patients were compared with those from the control group. Histopathologic sections were reviewed and graded using the Chisholm-Mason scale, and quantitative immunohistochemical analysis was applied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinically, patients were assessed for age, gender, onset, symptoms and signs, systemic features, treatment, and outcome. Existing histologic specimens were reviewed according to the Chisholm-Mason scale, and then the percentages of plasma cells containing immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, and IgM were determined. Imaging was assessed for lacrimal gland thickness, prolapse, density, and margin contour; extraocular muscle size; orbital tissue displacement; and proptosis. RESULTS Clinical and histopathological data fulfilled the revised American-European criteria for primary SS in 79% of patients. Compared with other large series of primary SS patients, similarities were found with age, xerophthalmia, parotidomegaly, and articular involvement. Differences included a lower incidence of autoantibodies, xerostomia, and extraglandular features and a higher male-to-female ratio. In almost all patients (93%), the percentage of plasma cells positive for IgA was less than 70%, consistent with SS. Compared with controls, the lacrimal glands were enlarged significantly (P<0.0001) and prolapsed (P<0.001). Involved glands had blurred margins (P<0.007), caused displacement of adjacent tissues (P = 0.03), and were associated with hyperdense fat (P = 0.007). Lymphocytic infiltration of orbital fat was present in all patients for whom fat biopsy results were available. Three patients had monoclonal infiltrates, and 1 patient experienced subsequent extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type, 4 years after presentation. CONCLUSIONS The criteria used to diagnose primary SS are controversial, but both diagnostic and quantitative immunohistochemical criteria suggest that these patients, with lacrimal gland enlargement resulting from lymphocytic infiltration, represent a new subtype of primary SS. This is clinically important in view of the increased risk of lymphoma associated with SS, compared with idiopathic nonspecific lacrimal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Parkin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia and the Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
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Bolstad AI, Jonsson R. Genetic aspects of Sjögren's syndrome. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH 2002; 4:353-9. [PMID: 12453311 PMCID: PMC153844 DOI: 10.1186/ar599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2002] [Revised: 08/23/2002] [Accepted: 08/28/2002] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome is a multisystem inflammatory rheumatic disease that is classified into primary and secondary forms, with cardinal features in the eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca) and mouth (xerostomia). The aetiology behind this autoimmune exocrinopathy is probably multifactorial and influenced by genetic as well as by environmental factors that are as yet unknown. A genetic predisposition to Sjögren's syndrome has been suggested on the basis of familial aggregation, animal models and candidate gene association studies. Recent advances in molecular and genetic methodologies should further our understanding of this complex disease. The present review synthesizes the current state of genetics in Sjögren's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne I Bolstad
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Gade Institute, University of Bergen, Norway.
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