1
|
Fan Y, Ma M, Feng X, Song T, Wei Q, Lin T. Overexpression of aquaporin 2 in renal tubular epithelial cells alleviates pyroptosis. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:2340-2350. [PMID: 34295721 PMCID: PMC8261442 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Severe renal ischemia-reperfusion injury results in worse outcomes of kidney transplantation. Compared to the collecting duct, the proximal tubule is more likely to exhibit severe pyroptosis and damage during renal ischemia-reperfusion. Aquaporins were reported of having regulatory roles in pyroptosis. We explored whether aquaporin 2 overexpression in proximal tubular cells could alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury related pyroptosis. Methods A renal ischemia-reperfusion model of mice was established, and human kidney 2 cells were treated with hypoxia-reoxygenation. Aquaporin 2 overexpression was achieved in human kidney 2 cells transfected with lentivirus, which were then cultured with murine cells. Renal tissues and serum of the mice, and human kidney 2 cells were subjected to histological, molecular, and biochemical examinations. Results Compared with the sham group, the renal function of the ischemia-reperfusion group was significantly decreased, and the tissue injury was severe and accompanied by more nuclear dissolved and necrosis. Besides, the expression of aquaporin 1-5 decreased significantly, while the expression of Toll-like receptor 4, caspase-1, kim-1 and interleukin 1β and 18 increased significantly in ischemia-reperfusion group. Similar results were observed in the human kidney 2 cells test. Overexpression of aquaporin 2 partially reversed the cell damage, pyroptosis, and molecular expression changes of human kidney 2 cells induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that aquaporin 2 overexpression can potentially reduce pyroptosis in proximal tubular cells, and thus might be a novel target for relieving pyroptosis and injury in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Ma
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobing Feng
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Turun Song
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Urology Department, Urology Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Organ Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hashim E, Yuen DA, Kirpalani A. Reduced Flow in Delayed Graft Function as Assessed by
IVIM
Is Associated With Time to Recovery Following Kidney Transplantation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:108-117. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eyesha Hashim
- Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital (Unity Health Toronto) Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Darren A. Yuen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine St. Michael's Hospital (Unity Health Toronto) and University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital (Unity Health Toronto) Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Anish Kirpalani
- Department of Medical Imaging University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital (Unity Health Toronto) Toronto Ontario Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital (Unity Health Toronto) Toronto Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cernoch M, Viklicky O. Complement in Kidney Transplantation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:66. [PMID: 28611987 PMCID: PMC5447724 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system is considered to be an important part of innate immune system with a significant role in inflammation processes. The activation can occur through classical, alternative, or lectin pathway, resulting in the creation of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, possessing a vast spectrum of immune functions, and the assembly of terminal complement cascade, capable of direct cell lysis. The activation processes are tightly regulated; inappropriate activation of the complement cascade plays a significant role in many renal diseases including organ transplantation. Moreover, complement cascade is activated during ischemia/reperfusion injury processes and influences delayed graft function of kidney allografts. Interestingly, complement system has been found to play a role in both acute cellular and antibody-mediated rejections and thrombotic microangiopathy. Therefore, complement system may represent an interesting therapeutical target in kidney transplant pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Cernoch
- Transplant Laboratory, Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Viklicky
- Transplant Laboratory, Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Nephrology, Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
The effect of remote ischemic postconditioning on graft function in patients undergoing living donor kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2014; 98:529-36. [PMID: 24770616 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated whether remote ischemic postconditioning (RiPoC) could improve initial graft function in living donor kidney transplantation (KT). METHODS Patients undergoing living donor KT were randomly assigned to either RiPoC (n=30) or control group (n=30). Immediately after reperfusion in the RiPoC group, three cycles of ischemia and reperfusion, lasting 5 min each, were performed on one upper limb. Renal function was assessed before surgery, 2 hr after surgery, and at 12-hr intervals for 96 hr postsurgery by measuring serum creatinine (sCr) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Urine output and urine creatinine were assessed until postoperative day 7, and hospital stay and complication rates were compared. RESULTS The time for sCr to reach 50% of its preoperative level was significantly shorter in the RiPoC group than in the control group [12 (12-24) hr for RiPoC vs. 24 (21-36) hr for the control, P=0.005]. The number of patients whose sCr was reduced by 50% within 24 hr was significantly greater in the RiPoC group than in the control group [n=26 (87%) in RiPoC vs. n=18 (60%) in control, P=0.020]. However, there were no differences in sCr and eGFR thereafter, the incidence of graft dysfunction or complication rates between groups. CONCLUSION In this study, RiPoC appeared to hasten the recovery of graft function within 24 hr but did not affect the graft function thereafter. However, considering most recipients had immediate graft function, further studies with deceased donors or studies powered to detect a smaller difference are needed.
Collapse
|
5
|
Rogers NM, Yao M, Novelli EM, Thomson AW, Roberts DD, Isenberg JS. Activated CD47 regulates multiple vascular and stress responses: implications for acute kidney injury and its management. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2012; 303:F1117-25. [PMID: 22874763 PMCID: PMC3469673 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00359.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains a significant source of early and delayed renal transplant failure. Therapeutic interventions have yet to resolve this ongoing clinical challenge although the reasons for this remain unclear. The cell surface receptor CD47 is widely expressed on vascular cells and in tissues. It has one known soluble ligand, the stress-released matricellular protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1). The TSP1-CD47 ligand receptor axis controls a number of important cellular processes, inhibiting survival factors such as nitric oxide, cGMP, cAMP, and VEGF, while activating injurious pathways such as production of reactive oxygen species. A role of CD47 in renal IRI was recently revealed by the finding that the TSP1-CD47 axis is induced in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) under hypoxia and following IRI. The absence of CD47 in knockout mice increases survival, mitigates RTEC damage, and prevents subsequent kidney failure. Conversely, therapeutic blockade of TSP1-CD47 signaling provides these same advantages to wild-type animals. Together, these findings suggest an important role for CD47 in renal IRI as a proximate promoter of injury and as a novel therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha M Rogers
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheung JS, Fan SJ, Chow AM, Zhang J, Man K, Wu EX. Diffusion tensor imaging of renal ischemia reperfusion injury in an experimental model. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2010; 23:496-502. [PMID: 20175152 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute renal failure. It occurs in various clinical settings such as renal transplantation, shock and vascular surgery. Serum creatinine level has been used as an index for estimating the degree of renal functional loss in renal IRI. However, it only evaluates the global renal function. In this study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to characterize renal IRI in an experimental rat model. Spin-echo echo-planar DTI with b-value of 300 s/mm(2) and 6 diffusion gradient directions was performed at 7 T in 8 Sprague-Dawley (SD) with 60-min unilateral renal IRI and 8 normal SD rats. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), directional diffusivities and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured at the acute stage of IRI. The IR-injured animals were also examined by diffusion-weighted imaging with 7 b-values up to 1000 s/mm(2) to estimate true diffusion coefficient (D(true)) and perfusion fraction (P(fraction)) using a bi-compartmental model. ADC of injured renal cortex (1.69 +/- 0.24 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that of contralateral intact cortex (2.03 +/- 0.35 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s). Meanwhile, both ADC and FA of IR-injured medulla (1.37 +/- 0.27 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s and 0.28 +/- 0.04, respectively) were significantly less (p < 0.01) than those of contralateral intact medulla (2.01 +/- 0.38 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s and 0.36 +/- 0.04, respectively). The bi-compartmental model analysis revealed the decrease in D(true) and P(fraction) in the IR-injured kidneys. Kidney histology showed widespread cell swelling and erythrocyte congestion in both cortex and medulla, and cell necrosis/apoptosis and cast formation in medulla. These experimental findings demonstrated that DTI can probe both structural and functional information of kidneys following renal IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerry S Cheung
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cámara-Lemarroy CR, Guzmán-de la Garza FJ, Alarcón-Galván G, Cordero-Pérez P, Fernández-Garza NE. Effect of Sulfasalazine on Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Ren Fail 2009; 31:822-8. [DOI: 10.3109/08860220903151427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
|
8
|
Abstract
Leukocytes have ability to distinguish between self cells (body own cells) and foreign (allogenic) cells on the basis of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins that are present on the cell membrane and are effectively unique to a person. During allogenic blood transfusion a person receives large number of allogenic donor leukocytes and these are recognized as foreign cells by the recipient immune system which leads to several adverse reactions. To avoid such leukocyte-mediated adverse reactions leukodepleted blood transfusion is required. Leukocytes can be separated on the basis of size, dielectric properties, by affinity separation, freeze-thawing and centrifugation but all these methods are time consuming and costly. Filtration is another method for leukocyte depletion that is comparatively less expensive and more efficient as it gives more than 90% leukodepletion of blood along with minimal cell loss. However, present filtration procedures also have some limitations as they work efficiently with blood components but not with whole blood and show non-specific adhesion of large number of platelets and red blood cells along with leukocytes. All the currently available filters are costly, which has been a major reason for their limited application. Therefore, demand for a more efficient and cost-effective filter is high in medical community and scientists are attenpting to improve the efficiency of currently available filters. The present review gives an overview of the significance of leukodepleted blood transfusion and focuses on different methods for leukocyte depletion and challenges involved in all these technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Feitoza CQ, Semedo P, Gonçalves GM, Cenedeze MA, Pinheiro HS, Dos Santos OFP, Landgraf RG, Pacheco-Silva A, Câmara NOS. Modulation of inflammatory response by selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 in acute kidney injury. Inflamm Res 2009; 59:167-75. [PMID: 19711010 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-009-0083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Revised: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN This work explored the role of inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COXs) in modulating the inflammatory response triggered by acute kidney injury. MATERIAL C57Bl/6 mice were used. TREATMENT Animals were treated or not with indomethacin (IMT) prior to injury (days -1 and 0). METHODS Animals were subjected to 45 min of renal pedicle occlusion and sacrificed at 24 h after reperfusion. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, reactive oxygen species (ROS), kidney myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) levels were analyzed. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, t-bet, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1beta, heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and prostaglandin E synthase (PGES) messenger RNA (mRNA) were studied. Cytokines were quantified in serum. RESULTS IMT-treated animals presented better renal function with less acute tubular necrosis and reduced ROS and MPO production. Moreover, the treatment was associated with lower expression of TNF-alpha, PGE(2), PGES, and t-bet and upregulation of HO-1 and IL-10. This profile was mirrored in serum, where inhibition of COXs significantly decreased interferon (IFN)-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-12 p70 and upregulated IL-10. CONCLUSIONS COXs seem to play an important role in renal ischemia and reperfusion injury, involving the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activation of neutrophils, and ROS production. Inhibition of COX pathway is intrinsically involved with cytoprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Q Feitoza
- Laboratory of Experimental and Clinical Immunology, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a vessel development process that maintains the vascular supply for organ function. Regulation of angiogenesis is provided by positive factors, such as vascular endothelial or basic fibroblast growth factors, and negative factors, such as thrombospondin and macrophage-derived inflammatory cytokines. While the role of angiogenesis in the wound healing, embryogenesis, tumor growth and proliferative diseases is clear, in organ transplantation it is not yet well established. Herein we discuss the potential role of angiogenesis in chronic renal disease and in transplant settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Rajnoch
- Department of Nephrology, Transplant Center, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czechia
| | | |
Collapse
|