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Rahman SMA, Kamel MA, Ali MA, Alotaibi BS, Aharthy OM, Shukry M, Abd El-Bary HM. Comparative Study on the Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Azolla caroliniana and Azolla filiculoides: In Vitro Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3229. [PMID: 37765393 PMCID: PMC10535694 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Azolla is a floating fern known for its various biological activities. Azolla caroliniana and Azolla filiculoides are multifunctional plants that exhibit biological activity in multiple ways, making them beneficial for various applications. This study aimed to compare the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity activities of two Azolla species, namely Azolla caroliniana and Azolla filiculoides. GC-MS analysis revealed distinct patterns of phytochemical composition in the two species. The methanol extracts of A. caroliniana and A. filiculoides exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against Geotrichum candidum, Enterococcus faecalis, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Furthermore, both extracts demonstrated potential antioxidant activity, as evidenced by a dose-dependent increase in a ferric-reducing activity power (FRAP) assay. Additionally, the extracts showed promising anti-inflammatory activities, including inhibition of protein denaturation, heat-induced red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis, and nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophages. Moreover, the methanolic extracts of A. caroliniana displayed higher cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells than those of A. filiculoides in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that the methanolic extracts of A. caroliniana and A. filiculoides contain distinct compounds and exhibit potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities against HepG2 cells. In conclusion, our data indicate that the methanolic extracts of A. caroliniana and A. filiculoides have differential phytochemical compositions and possess potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and HepG2 cytotoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa M. Abdel Rahman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
| | - Maher A. Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21516, Egypt
| | - Mennatallah A. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohud Muslat Aharthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Shukry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Hala Mohamed Abd El-Bary
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21516, Egypt
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Jang HY, Kim JM, Kim JS, Kim BS, Lee YR, Bae JS. Protaetia brevitarsis Extract Attenuates RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Inhibiting the JNK/NF-κB/PLCγ2 Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:3193. [PMID: 37513611 PMCID: PMC10383183 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Protaetia brevitarsis (PB)-derived bioactive substances have been used as food and medicine in many Asian countries because of their antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-cancer, and hepatoprotective properties. However, the effect of PB extracts (PBE) on osteoclast differentiation is unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of PBE on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). To investigate the cytotoxicity of PBE, the viability of BMMs was confirmed via MTT assay. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and pit assays were performed to confirm the inhibitory effect of PBE on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. The expression levels of osteoclast differentiation-related genes and proteins were evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. PBE attenuated osteoclastogenesis in BMMs in TRAP and pit assays without cytotoxicity. The expression levels of osteoclast marker genes and proteins induced by RANKL were decreased after PBE treatment. PBE suppressed osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting the RANKL-induced activated JNK/NF-κB/PLCγ2 signaling pathway and the expression of NFATc1 and c-Fos. Collectively, these results suggest that PBE could be a potential therapeutic strategy or functional product for osteoclast-related bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yeon Jang
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Mi Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Suk Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- BK21FOUR 21st Century Medical Science Creative Human Resource Development Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Soo Kim
- Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Rae Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Biomaterials-Implant, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
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Fu Q, Cao D, Sun J, Liu X, Li H, Shu C, Liu R. Prediction and bioactivity of small-molecule antimicrobial peptides from Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis larvae. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1124672. [PMID: 37007486 PMCID: PMC10060639 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1124672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely recognized as promising natural antimicrobial agents. Insects, as the group of animals with the largest population, have great potential as a source of AMPs. Thus, it is worthwhile to investigate potential novel AMPs from Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis larvae, which is a saprophagous pest prevalent in China. In this study, comparing the whole-genome sequence of Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis larvae with the Antimicrobial Peptide Database (APD3) led to the identification of nine peptide templates that were potentially AMPs. Next, based on the peptide templates, 16 truncated sequences were predicted to the AMPs by bioinformatics software and then underwent structural and physicochemical property analysis. Thereafter, candidate small-molecule AMPs were artificially synthesized and their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were assessed. A candidate peptide, designated FD10, exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and fungi comprising Escherichia coli (MIC: 8 μg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC: 8 μg/mL), Bacillus thuringiensis (MIC: 8 μg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 16 μg/mL), and Candida albicans (MIC: 16 μg/mL). Additionally, two other candidate peptides, designated FD12 and FD15, exhibited antimicrobial activity against both E. coli (MIC: both 32 μg/mL) and S. aureus (MIC: both 16 μg/mL). Moreover, FD10, FD12, and FD15 killed almost all E. coli and S. aureus cells within 1 h, and the hemolytic effect of FD10 (0.31%) and FD12 (0.40%) was lower than that of ampicillin (0.52%). These findings indicate that FD12, FD15, and especially FD10 are promising AMPs for therapeutic application. This study promoted the development of antibacterial drugs and provided a theoretical basis for promoting the practical application of antimicrobial peptides in the Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dengtian Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinbo Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Haitao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Changlong Shu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Changlong Shu,
| | - Rongmei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Rongmei Liu,
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Zehra SA, Bhattarai P, Zhang J, Liu Y, Parveen Z, Sajid M, Zhu L. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Activity of Solidago virgaurea Extracts. CURRENT BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS 2022; 19:e150622206034. [PMID: 37900701 PMCID: PMC10601339 DOI: 10.2174/1573407218666220615143502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Solidago virgaurea (Asteraceae) has been used for more than 700 years for treating cystitis, chronic nephritis, urolithiasis, rheumatism, and inflammatory diseases. However, the antidiabetic activity of Solidago virgaurea has been rarely studied. Methods Three extracts of Solidago virgaurea were prepared, and their antidiabetic potentials were evaluated by various cell-free, cell-based, and in vivo studies. Results We found that the Solidago virgaurea contained multiple bioactive phytochemicals based on the GC-MS analysis. The Solidago virgaurea extracts effectively inhibited the functions of the carbohydrate digestive enzyme (α-glucosidase) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), as well as decreased the amount of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In the L6 myotubes, the Solidago virgaurea methanolic extract remarkably enhanced the glucose uptake via the upregulation of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). The extract also significantly downregulated the expression of PTP1B. In the streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic mice, the daily intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg Solidago virgaurea methanolic extract for 24 days, substantially lowered the postprandial blood glucose level with no obvious toxicity. The extract's anti-hyperglycemic effect was comparable to that of the glibenclamide treatment. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the Solidago virgaurea extract might have great potential in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Andleeb Zehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, 78363, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
| | - Prapanna Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, 78363, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, 78363, USA
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, 78363, USA
| | - Zahida Parveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, 78363, USA
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Salam HS, Tawfik MM, Elnagar MR, Mohammed HA, Zarka MA, Awad NS. Potential Apoptotic Activities of Hylocereus undatus Peel and Pulp Extracts in MCF-7 and Caco-2 Cancer Cell Lines. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172192. [PMID: 36079573 PMCID: PMC9459728 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is a huge demand for novel anticancer agents with fewer side effects compared to current therapies. Pitaya, or dragon fruit, is a reservoir of potent anticancer compounds. This research aimed to analyze the phytochemical components of Hylocereus undatus pulp and peel extracts using LC-MS and GC-MS, and to investigate the in vitro effects of both extracts against cancer (breast, MCF-7, and colon, Caco-2) and normal (lung; WI-38 and breast; MCF-10A) cell proliferation using the MTT assay. The apoptosis potential of the anticancer effects was also evaluated using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, and Western blot. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the peel extract were significantly higher than those in the pulp extract. Compared to the flavonoid and phenolic acid standards, the LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of nine compounds, which were represented as 84.32 and 5.29 µg/g of the flavonoids and 686.11 and 148.72 µg/g of the phenolic acids in the peel and pulp extracts, respectively. Among the identified compounds, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and rutin were found at the highest concentration in both plant extracts. Both extracts displayed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and Caco-2 cancer cells after 48 h of treatment at IC50 values ranging from 14 to 53 μg/mL with high selective indices against normal WI-38 and MCF-10A cell lines. The increase in apoptosis was revealed by the overexpression of p53, BAX, and caspase-9 and the downregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expressions. The results indicate that H. undatus extracts can be a plant source for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanin S. Salam
- College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12563, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Tawfik
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Elnagar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11823, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
- Correspondence: (M.R.E.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11823, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.R.E.); (H.A.M.)
| | - Mohamed A. Zarka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th October City, Giza 12563, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Nabil S. Awad
- College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12563, Egypt
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
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Bioactive compounds, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Tamarindus indica Linn. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9432. [PMID: 35676439 PMCID: PMC9178027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTamarindus indica is one of the tropical medicinal plants that has been attributed curative potential of numerous diseases by many rural dwellers. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial activities and also to determine the various chemical constituents responsible for its pharmacological activities. The methanol extract of Tamarindus indica fruit pulp was analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer to determine the volatile compounds present. The antioxidant activities were performed using DPPH and FRAP method and the antibacterial activity was tested against some common pathogens by macro broth dilution method. The GCMS analysis shows the presence of 37 compounds, out of which 14 had their peak area percentages ≥ 1% and only two compounds had no reported pharmacological activities. Most of the bioactive compounds including 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (31.06%)-3-O-Methyl-d-glucose (16.31%), 1,6-anhydro-β-D-Glucopyranose (9.95%), 5-methyl-Furancarboxaldehyde (3.2%), Triethylenediamine (1.17%), 1-(2-furanyl)-1-Propcanone (2.18%), Methyl 2-furoate (3.14%), Levoglucosenone (3.21%), methyl ester-Hepta-2,4-dienoic acid, (8.85%), 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydrox-4H-Pyran-4-one (3.4%), O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1.fwdarw.3)-β-D-fructofuranosyl-α-D-Glucopyranoside (2.18%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (1.38%), 2-Heptanol, acetate (1.29%), 5-[(5-methyl-2-fur-2-Furancarboxaldehyde (1.08%), 3-Methyl-2-furoic acid (1.05%) and cis-Vaccenic acid (2.85%)have been reported with different activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, anticancer, antioxidant and other prophylactic activities. The extract demonstrated inhibitory potential against all tested pathogen. However, Plesiomonas shigellosis ATCC 15903 and Bacillus pumillus ATCC 14884 are more sensitive with the MIC of 0.22 and 0.44 mg/ml respectively. The antioxidant activity was relatively low due to the low phenolic content of the extract. This shows that there is a strong correlation between antioxidant activities and phenolic content. GC–MS analysis revealed the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents with various biological activities and this justifies the rationale behind its usage as a curative therapy by many local dwellers.
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Geng J, Sui Z, Dou W, Miao Y, Wang T, Wei X, Chen S, Zhang Z, Xiao J, Huang D. 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Reveals Specific Gut Microbes Common to Medicinal Insects. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:892767. [PMID: 35651499 PMCID: PMC9149300 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.892767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects have a long history of being used in medicine, with clear primary and secondary functions and less side effects, and the study and exploitation of medicinal insects have received increasing attention. Insects gut microbiota and their metabolites play an important role in protecting the hosts from other potentially harmful microbes, providing nutrients, promoting digestion and degradation, and regulating growth and metabolism of the hosts. However, there are still few studies linking the medicinal values of insects with their gut microbes. In this study, we focused on the specific gut microbiota common to medicinal insects, hoping to trace the potential connection between medicinal values and gut microbes of medicinal insects. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing data, we compared the gut microbiota of medicinal insects [Periplaneta americana, Protaetia (Liocola) brevitarsis (Lewis) and Musca domestica], in their medicinal stages, and non-medicinal insects (Hermetia illucens L., Tenebrio molitor, and Drosophila melanogaster), and found that the intestinal microbial richness of medicinal insects was higher, and there were significant differences in the microbial community structure between the two groups. We established a model using a random-forest method to preliminarily screen out several types of gut microbiota common to medicinal insects that may play medicinal values: Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Lactobacillus dextrinicus, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis (B. infantis), and Vagococcus carniphilus. In particular, P. goldsteinii and B. infantis were most probably involved in the anti-inflammatory effects of medicinal insects. Our results revealed an association between medicinal insects and their gut microbes, providing new development directions and possibly potential tools for utilizing microbes to enhance the medicinal efficacy of medicinal insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Geng
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuoxiao Sui
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weihao Dou
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunheng Miao
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xunfan Wei
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sicong Chen
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongqi Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhua Xiao
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dawei Huang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Ali N, Khan FA, Salawu KM, Irshad R, Jabeen A, Zhang CL, Choudhary MI, Liu XM, Wang Y. Phytochemical Characterizations of Maranthes polyandra (Benth.) Prance. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041316. [PMID: 35209101 PMCID: PMC8879441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two new ursane-type triterpenoids, named Polyanside A (1) and B (2), along with eleven known compounds (3-13), were isolated and elucidated from Maranthes polyandra (Benth.) Prance. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on chemical evidence and multiple spectroscopic data. Isolated compounds were evaluated for anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicity on a normal human cell line (BJ). None of them showed activity and cytotoxicity. The hexane fraction was analyzed by GC-MS, resulting in the identification of forty-one compounds. This is the first comprehensive study on the phytochemistry of M. polyandra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Ali
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (N.A.); (F.-A.K.); (R.I.); (M.I.C.)
- Sino-Pakistan Cooperation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- Sino-Pakistan Cooperation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Farooq-Ahmad Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (N.A.); (F.-A.K.); (R.I.); (M.I.C.)
- Third World Center (TWC) for Chemical Sciences, International Center for Chemical & Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Kayode Muritala Salawu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria;
| | - Rimsha Irshad
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (N.A.); (F.-A.K.); (R.I.); (M.I.C.)
- Sino-Pakistan Cooperation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Almas Jabeen
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Chun-Lei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China;
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (N.A.); (F.-A.K.); (R.I.); (M.I.C.)
- Sino-Pakistan Cooperation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Xin-Min Liu
- Sino-Pakistan Cooperation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (X.-M.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (N.A.); (F.-A.K.); (R.I.); (M.I.C.)
- Sino-Pakistan Cooperation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- Sino-Pakistan Cooperation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (X.-M.L.); (Y.W.)
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Xuan H, Gao P, Du B, Geng L, Wang K, Huang K, Zhang J, Huang T, Shu C. Characterization of Microorganisms from Protaetia brevitarsis Larva Frass. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020311. [PMID: 35208766 PMCID: PMC8880812 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Decomposers play an important role in the biogeochemical cycle. Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (PBLs) can transform wastes into frass rich in humic acid (HA) and microorganisms, which may increase the disease resistance of plants and promote plant growth. Beyond HA, the microorganisms may also contribute to the biostimulant activity. To address this hypothesis, we investigated the potential microbial community in the PBL frass samples and elucidated their functions of disease resistance and plant growth promotion. High-throughput sequencing analysis of four PBL-relevant samples showed that their frass can influence the microbial community of the surrounding environment. Further analysis showed that there were many microorganisms beneficial to agriculture, such as Bacillus. Therefore, culturable Bacillus microbes were isolated from frass, and 16S rDNA gene analysis showed that Bacillus subtilis was the dominant species. In addition, some Bacillus microorganisms isolated from the PBL frass had antibacterial activities against pathogenic fungi. The plant growth promotion pot experiment also proved that some strains promote plant growth. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the microorganisms in the PBL frass are conducive to colonizing the surrounding organic matrix, which will help beneficial microbes to increase the disease resistance of plants and promote plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huina Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education & Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops & Biopesticide Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (P.G.); (B.D.); (L.G.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Peiwen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (P.G.); (B.D.); (L.G.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Baohai Du
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (P.G.); (B.D.); (L.G.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Lili Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (P.G.); (B.D.); (L.G.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Kui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (P.G.); (B.D.); (L.G.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Kun Huang
- Genliduo Bio-Tech Corporation Ltd., Xingtai 054000, China;
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (P.G.); (B.D.); (L.G.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Tianpei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education & Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops & Biopesticide Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Changlong Shu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (P.G.); (B.D.); (L.G.); (K.W.); (J.Z.)
- Correspondence: (T.H.); (C.S.)
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10
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Kim GY, Jayasingha JA, Lee K, Choi Y, Kang CH, Lee MH. Aqueous extract of freeze-dried Protaetia brevitarsis larvae promotes osteogenesis by activating β-catenin signaling. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.338920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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11
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Zepeda-Bastida A, Ocampo-López J, Alarcón-Sánchez BR, Idelfonso-García OG, Rosas-Madrigal S, Aparicio-Bautista DI, Pérez-Carreón JI, Villa-Treviño S, Arellanes-Robledo J. Aqueous extracts from Tenebrio molitor larval and pupal stages inhibit early hepatocarcinogenesis in vivo. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:1045-1052. [PMID: 34904416 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is the most frequent primary liver malignancy, is ranked as the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with its incidence expected to continue rising. One of the reasons is that most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage when therapeutic options are ineffective. The development of HCC is attributed to a chronic exposition to either one or a combination of low amounts of different hepatotoxins, such as in hepatitis virus infection, alcohol consumption, aflatoxin from contaminated foods, metabolic factors, and exposure to chemical carcinogens from tobacco smoke (Forner et al., 2018). Integrative studies combining exome sequencing, transcriptome analysis, and the genomic characterization of HCC have shown that these etiological factors may raise the frequency of particular genetic alterations, resulting in intra-tumor heterogeneity that presents a huge challenge for treatment. For example, mutations in the catenin β-1 (CTNNB1) gene (a proto-oncogene in the WNT signaling pathway that encodes the β-catenin transcription factor) are strongly associated with alcohol-related HCC, whereas mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter and tumor protein p53 (TP53) genes are the most commonly observed in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC (Calderaro et al., 2017; Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, 2017). The above findings emphasize the molecular diversity of HCC and the associations of different etiologies with distinct mechanisms in HCC progression. Consequently, prevention strategies are still attractive for HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Zepeda-Bastida
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State-ICAP-UAEH, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico.
| | - Juan Ocampo-López
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State-ICAP-UAEH, Hidalgo 43600, Mexico
| | - Brisa Rodope Alarcón-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine-INMEGEN, CDMX 14610, Mexico.,Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute-CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
| | | | - Sandra Rosas-Madrigal
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine-INMEGEN, CDMX 14610, Mexico
| | | | | | - Saúl Villa-Treviño
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute-CINVESTAV-IPN, CDMX 07360, Mexico
| | - Jaime Arellanes-Robledo
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute of Genomic Medicine-INMEGEN, CDMX 14610, Mexico. .,Directorate of Cátedras, National Council of Science and Technology-CONACYT, CDMX 03940, Mexico.
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12
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Tortorella E, Giugliano R, De Troch M, Vlaeminck B, de Viçose GC, de Pascale D. The Ethyl Acetate Extract of the Marine Edible Gastropod Haliotis tuberculata coccinea: a Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:892-903. [PMID: 34714443 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phylum Mollusca represents one of the largest groups of marine invertebrates. Nowadays, molluscan shellfish belonging to the classes Bivalvia and Gastropoda are of commercial interest for fisheries and aquaculture. Although bioactive properties of bivalve molluscs have been widely investigated and several dietary supplements have been brought to the market, the bioactive potentialities of marine gastropods are poorly documented. The present study investigated the bioactive properties of tissue extracts derived from Haliotis tuberculata coccinea, or "European abalone," an edible abalone species distributed in the Mediterranean Sea and the northeast Atlantic Ocean. A bioactive organic compound-rich extract was obtained using ethyl acetate as extracting solvent. It showed antimicrobial activity towards the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain RP62A, the emerging multi-drug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia D71 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, being the most sensitive strain. It also showed anthelmintic activity, evaluated through the toxicity against the target model helminth Caenorhabditis elegans. In addition, the ethyl acetate extract demonstrated a selective cytotoxic activity on the cancer cell lines A375, MBA-MD 231, HeLa, and MCF7, at the concentration of 250 µg/mL. The fatty acid composition of the bioactive extract was also investigated through FAME analysis. The fatty acid profile showed 45% of saturated fatty acids (SAFA), 22% of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and 33% of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The presence of some biologically important secondary metabolites in the extract was also analysed, revealing the presence of alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliana Tortorella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino, 111-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Giugliano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, " Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli, 16-80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marleen De Troch
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Vlaeminck
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Donatella de Pascale
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino, 111-80131, Naples, Italy.
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy.
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13
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Identification and field verification of an aggregation pheromone from the white-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Sci Rep 2021; 11:22362. [PMID: 34785739 PMCID: PMC8595700 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01887-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The white-spotted flower chafer (WSFC), Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis, is native to East Asia. Although their larvae are considered a potential resource insect for degrading plant residues, producing protein fodder, and processing to traditional medicine, adult WSFCs inflict damage to dozens of fruit and economic crops. The control of the WSFC still relies heavily on pesticides and the inefficient manual extraction of adults. Here, we report the identification and evaluation of the aggregation pheromone of WSFCs. From the headspace volatiles emitted from WSFC adults, anisole, 4-methylanisole, 2-heptanone and 2-nonanone were identified as WSFC-specific components. However, only anisole and 4-methylanisole elicited positive dose-response relationship in electroantennography tests, and only 4-methylanisole significantly attracted WSFCs of both sexes in olfactometer bioassays and field experiments. These results concluded that 4-methylanisole is the aggregation pheromone of WSFCs. Furthermore, we developed polyethylene vials as long-term dispensers of 4-methylanisole to attract and kill WSFCs. The polyethylene vial lures could effectively attracted WSFCs for more than four weeks. Pheromone-based lures can be developed as an environmentally friendly protocol for monitoring and controlling WSFC adults.
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Seo Y, Shin N, Nam HH, Song J, Cheol Moon B, Choi G, Shin I, Kim J. Effects of larval extracts from identified Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis against benign prostatic hyperplasia induced by testosterone in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5361-5369. [PMID: 34646508 PMCID: PMC8498080 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis is an animal-based medicine used traditionally in China, Japan, and Korea to treat hepatic disorders; it has been shown to possess various pharmacological effects such as antibacterial and antioxidant activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of P. brevitarsis on a testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) rat model. To establish the BPH model, the animals were administered a subcutaneous injection of testosterone daily for 28 days. P. brevitarsis was administered by oral gavage at doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg for 28 days, along with testosterone injection. P. brevitarsis treatment markedly decreased the absolute and relative prostate weight of BPH animals. The levels of dihydrotestosterone was reduced in P. brevitarsis-treated animals compared to those in the BPH animals. Histological analysis of the prostate showed that P. brevitarsis treatment effectively suppressed the testosterone-induced hyperplasia of prostatic epithelial cells, which was accompanied by reductions in the PCNA and Ki-67 expressions in prostatic tissues. These results indicate that P. brevitarsis effectively suppresses testosterone-induced development of BPH, and thus, is a potential therapeutic agent for BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Soo Seo
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research CenterKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineNaju‐siKorea
| | - Na‐Rea Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project TeamChonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea
| | - Hyeon Hwa Nam
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research CenterKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineNaju‐siKorea
| | - Jun‐Ho Song
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research CenterKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineNaju‐siKorea
| | - Byeong Cheol Moon
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research CenterKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineNaju‐siKorea
| | - Goya Choi
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research CenterKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineNaju‐siKorea
| | - In‐Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project TeamChonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea
| | - Joong‐Sun Kim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research CenterKorea Institute of Oriental MedicineNaju‐siKorea
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project TeamChonnam National UniversityGwangjuKorea
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Isbilen O, Volkan E. Allium willeanum Holmboe exerts anticancer activities on metastatic breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07730. [PMID: 34401594 PMCID: PMC8358164 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Allium species are medically important plants, rich in bioactive molecules with antitumoral properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular composition and in vitro anticancer activities of Allium willeanum Holmboe, an endemic Allium species of the island of Cyprus. GC-MS analysis of ethanolic extracts of A. willeanum H. bulb (AWB) showed bioactive molecules, octadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester (21.99 %), hexadecanoic acid (20.42 %), pentadecanoic acid (9.19 %), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester (8.79 %), with known anticancer activities. AWB exerted significant reduction in mitochondria dependent metabolic activity as a measure of cell growth on MCF-7 (weakly metastatic) and MDA-MB-231 (strongly metastatic) human breast cancer (BCa) cell lines with a more prominent effect on highly metastatic BCa cells. Both trypan blue and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assays quantitatively revealed that exposure to AWB extract significantly reduced cancer cell viability in both tested cell types. Differential activation of caspases in the tested cell lines indicated faster apoptotic activity on MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MCF-7. A significant reduction in cell motility was demonstrated upon AWB exposure of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. AWB bioactive molecules collectively act on cancer cells to exert significant cytotoxic, apoptotic activities on both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and significantly reduce their lateral motility, elucidating AWB as a promising agent to further be utilized in anticancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovgu Isbilen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus 99258 via Mersin 10, Turkey
- Biotechnology Research Center, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus 99258 via Mersin 10, Turkey
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ender Volkan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus 99258 via Mersin 10, Turkey
- Biotechnology Research Center, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus 99258 via Mersin 10, Turkey
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16
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Nikkhah A, Van Haute S, Jovanovic V, Jung H, Dewulf J, Cirkovic Velickovic T, Ghnimi S. Life cycle assessment of edible insects (Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis larvae) as a future protein and fat source. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14030. [PMID: 34234157 PMCID: PMC8263613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Because it is important to develop new sustainable sources of edible protein, insects have been recommended as a new protein source. This study applied Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to investigate the environmental impact of small-scale edible insect production unit in South Korea. IMPACT 2002 + was applied as the baseline impact assessment (IA) methodology. The CML-IA baseline, EDIP 2003, EDP 2013, ILCD 2011 Midpoint, and ReCiPe midpoint IA methodologies were also used for LCIA methodology sensitivity analysis. The protein, fat contents, and fatty acid profile of the investigated insect (Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis larvae) were analyzed to determine its potential food application. The results revealed that the studied edible insect production system has beneficial environmental effects on various impact categories (ICs), i.e., land occupation, mineral extraction, aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicity, due to utilization of bio-waste to feed insects. This food production system can mitigate the negative environmental effects of those ICs, but has negative environmental impact on some other ICs such as global warming potential. By managing the consumption of various inputs, edible insects can become an environmentally efficient food production system for human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Nikkhah
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium ,grid.510328.dDepartment of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sam Van Haute
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium ,grid.510328.dDepartment of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Vesna Jovanovic
- grid.510328.dDepartment of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea ,grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Faculty of Chemistry, Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Heejung Jung
- grid.510328.dDepartment of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jo Dewulf
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Research Group Sustainable Systems Engineering (STEN), Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
- grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium ,grid.510328.dDepartment of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea ,grid.7149.b0000 0001 2166 9385Faculty of Chemistry, Centre of Excellence for Molecular Food Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia ,grid.419269.10000 0001 2146 2771Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sami Ghnimi
- grid.7849.20000 0001 2150 7757CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France ,grid.434913.80000 0000 8710 7222ISARA Lyon, 23 Rue Jean Baldassini, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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Mahdavi S, Amiradalat M, Babashpour M, Sheikhlooei H, Miransari M. The Antioxidant, Anticarcinogenic and Antimicrobial Properties of <i>Verbascum thapsus </i> L. Med Chem 2021; 16:991-995. [PMID: 31456524 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190828155951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antimicrobial activities of Verbascum Thapsus L., known as great mullein, (an important medicinal plant containing different biochemical compounds including sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, saponins and lignins) were determined. There is not much data, to our knowledge, in this respect. METHODS The antioxidant activities of V. Thapsus were investigated by the DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Using GC-MS, the presence of different anticarcinogenic products including 1-hexzanol (2.11%), 2-hexene (1.95%), etc. was determined in the ethanolic extract of V. Thapsus. The antimicrobial activities of V. Thapsus were determined by the minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods using the Grampositive and -negative bacterial strains. RESULTS The least concentration of V. Thapsus L. ethanolic extract (50 mg/l) resulted in only 21.26% inhibition of DPPH free radicals, however, the concentrations of 300 mg/l resulted in almost the highest inhibition (91.31%) of DPPH free radicals. The antioxidant activities of synthesized antioxidant BHT at the concentration of 300 mg/l or higher were similar to the antioxidant activities of V. Thapsus L. ethanolic extract. Both the isolated and the standard Gram-negative bacterial strains were more tolerant to the V. Thapsus ethanolic extract, compared with the Grampositive bacterial strains. Bacillus cereus was the most sensitive bacterial strain among the tested bacterial strains. CONCLUSION The medicinal plant V. Thapsus L. can be used for the treatment of different diseases, such as cancer and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Mahdavi
- Department of Microbiology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Morteza Amiradalat
- Department of Microbiology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Marzieh Babashpour
- Department of Horticulture, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hosein Sheikhlooei
- Department of Chemistry, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mohammad Miransari
- Department of Book & Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran
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Lee SA, Heo J, Kim MA, Tamura T, Saitou S, Kwon SW, Weon HY. Protaetiibacter larvae sp. nov. and Agromyces intestinalis sp. nov., isolated from the gut of larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis, reclassification of Lysinimonas yzui as Pseudolysinimonas yzui comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Pseudolysinimonas. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 33913805 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two bacterial strains, FWR-8T and CFWR-9T, were isolated from the gut of larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis that were raised at the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea. Both strains were strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-positive and non-motile. Strain FWR-8T possessed the highest sequence similarity (98.7 %) to that of Protaetiibacter intestinalis 2DFWR-13T and the phylogenetic tree revealed that strain FWR-8T formed a cluster with Ptb. intestinalis 2DFWR-13T. Pseudolysinimonas kribbensis MSL-13T and Lysinimonas yzui N7XX-4T shared a high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (97.8 %) and formed a cluster adjacent to the cluster that included Ptb. intestinalis 2DFWR-13T. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CFWR-9T exhibited the highest similarity (97.7 %) to that of Agromyces binzhouensis OAct353T and the phylogenetic tree indicated that strain CFWR-9T formed one independent cluster with A. binzhouensis OAct353T that was within the radius of the genus Agromyces. The peptidoglycan type, major fatty acids, major menaquinones and total polar lipids of strain FWR-8T were characterized as type B1, iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, MK-15, MK-16 and MK-14, and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified glycolipids and one unidentified lipid, respectively. Those from strain CFWR-9T were type B1, iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, MK-11, MK-12 and MK-10, and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified glycolipids and one unidentified lipid, respectively. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic data, strains FWR-8T and CFWR-9T each represent a novel species within the genera Protaetiibacter and Agromyces, respectively. For these species, the names Protaetiibacter larvae sp. nov. and Agromyces intestinalis sp. nov. have been proposed, with the type strains FWR-8T (=KACC 19322T=NBRC 113051T) and CFWR-9T (=KACC 19306T=NBRC 113046T), respectively. Our results also justify a reclassification of Lysinimonas yzui as Pseudolysinimonas yzui comb. nov. and an emended description of the genus Pseudolysinimonas isprovided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ae Lee
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Heo
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Kim
- Industrial Insect Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NBRC), Kazusakamatari 2-5-8, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Satomi Saitou
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NBRC), Kazusakamatari 2-5-8, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Soon-Wo Kwon
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Yeon Weon
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
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Koyuncu İ, Gönel A, Temiz E, Karaoğul E, Uyar Z. Pistachio Green Hull Extract Induces Apoptosis through Multiple Signaling Pathways by Causing Oxidative Stress on Colon Cancer Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:725-737. [PMID: 32748756 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620999200730155524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pistachio is considered to be one of the fifty foods with the highest antioxidant effect. However, the anticancer effect mechanisms of this plant extracts are unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effect of different extracts from the green hull of pistachio. METHODS The cytotoxic effects of different solvent extracts on cancer and normal cells were examined by cell viability assay and flow cytometric analysis. The levels of the apoptotic gene and protein were investigated by Western Blot and ELISA, and qPCR. The intracellular free radical exchange was determined by oxidative and nitric oxide analyses. DNA damage level was measured by the 8-OHdG test. Phenolic and free fatty acid components were examined by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS, respectively. RESULTS It was determined that the n-hexane fraction showed a higher cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. Oxidative and cell cycle analyses indicated that the n-hexane fraction arrested cell cycle of HT-29 at the sub-G1 phase by increasing DNA damage through oxidative stress. In addition, gene expression analysis of the HT-29 treated with the n-hexane fraction indicated that apoptotic and autophagic gene expressions were significantly upregulated. LC-MS/MS analysis of the n-hexane fraction revealed the presence of 15 phenolic compounds, containing mainly gallic acid and catechin hydrate, and GC-MS analysis determined the presence of the following fatty acids: 9-octadecenoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid and hexadecenoic acid. CONCLUSION Based on these grounds, we suggest that the n-hexane fraction of pistachio green hull damages DNA, arrests the cell cycle at the G1 subphase, and induces apoptosis through oxidative pathways in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Koyuncu
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ataman Gönel
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ebru Temiz
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Eyyüp Karaoğul
- Food Science and Technology, Engineering Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Zafer Uyar
- Department of Chemistry, Science Faculty, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Deyrup ST, Stagnitti NC, Perpetua MJ, Wong-Deyrup SW. Drug Discovery Insights from Medicinal Beetles in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:105-126. [PMID: 33632986 PMCID: PMC7921859 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was the primary source of medical treatment for the people inhabiting East Asia for thousands of years. These ancient practices have incorporated a wide variety of materia medica including plants, animals and minerals. As modern sciences, including natural products chemistry, emerged, there became increasing efforts to explore the chemistry of this materia medica to find molecules responsible for their traditional use. Insects, including beetles have played an important role in TCM. In our survey of texts and review articles on TCM materia medica, we found 48 species of beetles from 34 genera in 14 different families that are used in TCM. This review covers the chemistry known from the beetles used in TCM, or in cases where a species used in these practices has not been chemically studied, we discuss the chemistry of closely related beetles. We also found several documented uses of beetles in Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM), and included them where appropriate. There are 129 chemical constituents of beetles discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Deyrup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Loudonville, NY 12309, USA
| | - Natalie C Stagnitti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Loudonville, NY 12309, USA
| | - Mackenzie J Perpetua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Siena College, Loudonville, NY 12309, USA
| | - Siu Wah Wong-Deyrup
- The RNA Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA
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Zimare S, Kolap R, Datkhile K. Bioprospecting of Lobelia nicotianifolia Roth. plant parts for antioxidant and cytotoxic activity and its phytoconstituents. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_398_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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22
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Tommonaro G, El-Hagrassi AM, Fayad W, Iodice C, Shaker KH, EL-Hady FKA. Fatty Acid Profile and In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Two Marine Sponge- Associated Bacteria. CURRENT BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS 2020; 16:1273-1280. [DOI: 10.2174/1573407216666200214095114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Colorectal cancer represents one of the prominent causes of mortality worldwide
in men and women. The objective of this study was to search for new potential anticancer compounds,
both in prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. The anticancer potential of marine bacterial
extracts against Human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT116) was evaluated as well as the partial
identification of bioactive metabolites.
Methods:
All bacterial extracts were tested for their cytotoxicity against HCT116 cell line by means of
MTT assay. The highly cytotoxic dichloromethane extracts of marine sponge-associated bacteria Vibrio
sp. and Bacillus sp. were analyzed by GC-MS.
Results:
Two fractions, Vib3 and Bac3, exhibited a very interesting cytotoxicity against human colorectal
carcinoma (HCT116) cell line, with a percentage of cytotoxicity of 96.04 % and 29.48 %, respectively.
Discussion:
The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of two major fatty acids, palmitic and oleic
acids, in Vib3 fraction and fatty acid esters and phenolic compounds in Bac3 fraction.
Conclusion:
Based on previous literature, it may be hypothesized that the anticancer activity of
bacterial extracts could be, at least partially, to the fatty acids fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Tommonaro
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei, 34 - 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Ali M. El-Hagrassi
- Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Walid Fayad
- Drug Bioassay- Cell Culture Laboratory, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Carmine Iodice
- National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei, 34 - 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Kamel H. Shaker
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Faten K. Abd EL-Hady
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Production of protein hydrolysate from Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) larvae by enzyme treatment under high pressure. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:1187-1194. [PMID: 32802557 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the industrial use of health-functional materials based on edible insects, the objective of this study was to establish optimal conditions for improving the quality of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis larval (PBSL) hydrolysates. PBSL was extracted using four methodologies: atmospheric pressure 50 °C-water extraction, atmospheric pressure 95 °C-water extraction, atmospheric pressure 50 °C-water enzymatic hydrolysis, and enzyme treatment under high pressure (HPE). The quality characteristics of soluble solid content, extraction yield, total protein content, protein yield, protein content with low molecular weight (LMW) (< 1kD), and the amino acid composition of hydrolysates were compared based on the different methods. All of the quality characteristics were found to be higher for HPE extracts than for the other extracts. Under optimized HPE conditions, extraction yield, protein yield, protein content with LMW, amino acid content and the content of essential amino acids increased by 3.4, 4.4 1.4 1.5, and 1.3 times respectively, compared to the other methods.
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In Vitro Protective Effect of Paste and Sauce Extract Made with Protaetia brevitarsis Larvae on HepG2 Cells Damaged by Ethanol. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11080494. [PMID: 32756329 PMCID: PMC7469203 DOI: 10.3390/insects11080494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We made paste and sauce using protein-rich Protaetia brevitarsis larvae (PBL) and evaluated their fermentation levels. After pretreatment with the paste and sauce extracts, HepG2 cells were damaged with ethanol (EtOH), and then the effects of the paste and sauce were evaluated. As a result, we confirmed that the PBL paste and sauce extracts reduced the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) content in the medium as compared to soybean (Glycine max) sauce and paste extracts. In addition, the PBL paste and sauce extracts significantly lowered the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, which are biomarkers of inflammation, and significantly increased the inhibition rate of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH), which are antioxidative indicators, in proportion to the amount of PBL added to the paste and sauce. These results suggest that an intake of PBL paste and sauce, a novel type of fermented food made from insects, may be effective for liver protection through anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects against hepatocyte injury caused by EtOH.
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Wu RA, Ding Q, Lu H, Tan H, Sun N, Wang K, He R, Luo L, Ma H, Li Z. Caspase 3-mediated cytotoxicity of mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) oil extract against human hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112438. [PMID: 31816367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mealworm larvae (MWL) (Tenebrio molitor) have been traditionally used in Asian countries for the treatment of liver diseases, including cancer. However, to date, there is marginal information on the mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of MWL oil. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to determine the in vitro effect of MWL oil on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells growth in order to produce insect-derived chemotherapeutic agents against cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS MWL oil was extracted, and its effects on cancer cells growth were investigated, by the MTT reduction, AO/EB staining, Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining, apoptosis, comet, and caspase activity assays. RESULTS MWL oil inhibited HepG2 and Caco-2 growth, with IC50 (48 h) values of 0.98% for HepG2 and 0.37% for Caco-2 cells. In addition, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that 24 h-MWL oil treatment increased early and late apoptosis from 0.04% to 39.77% and from 2.06% to 74.34% on HepG2 and Caco-2 cells, respectively. The mechanism of apoptosis was associated with the death receptor pathway by the activation of caspases -8, -9, and -3, and correlated to its fatty acids action. CONCLUSION Results of this study demonstrated the potential of MWL oil in the development of natural anticancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Qingzhi Ding
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Huijia Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Haochen Tan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Nianzhen Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ronghai He
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Zhikun Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
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Zheng W, sun WW, Li XM, Shi DD, Zhang HY, Yang PL. Evaluation of the quality of Protaetia brevitarsis larvae through amino acid–activity relationship. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1797780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Wen-Wen sun
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiu-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dong-Dong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Pei-Long Yang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Swantara MD, Rita WS, Suartha N, Agustina KK. Anticancer activities of toxic isolate of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge. Vet World 2019; 12:1434-1440. [PMID: 31749578 PMCID: PMC6813599 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1434-1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The purposes of this study were to determine the anticancer activity of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge isolate and identify the responsible compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The metabolites were extracted using methanol maceration at room temperature. The separation and purification of metabolites were performed using fractionation and column chromatography. The toxicity was examined using the brine shrimp lethality assay, and the toxic isolates were tested for anticancer activity against HeLa cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify the compounds in the isolate. RESULTS When the methanol extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol, the chloroform fraction was the most toxic, with a concentration that results in 50% lethality (LC50) value of 39.81 ppm. After separation of the chloroform extract, fraction B (FB) was the most toxic, with an LC50 value of 44.67 ppm. The isolate from FB showed anticancer activity with a concentration at which 50% of growth was inhibited (IC50) of 2.273 ppm. In total, 21 compounds were identified in anticancer isolates: Nonanedioic acid; tetradecanoic acid; trans-phytol; 2-pentadecanone-6,10,14-trimethyl; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; 2,3,7-trimethyloctanal; palmitic acid; docosanoic acid, ethyl ester; 1,E-11,Z-13-octadecatriene; chloromethyl 4-chlorododecanoate; 1-tricosene; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid; 4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide; 1-docosene; heneicosane; phosphonic acid, dioctadecyl ester; dodecane,4,6-dimethyl-; n-tetratriacontane; 1-iodohexadecane; and n-heneicosane. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the isolate of X. testudinaria can be used as a natural anticancer toward HeLa cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Made Dira Swantara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | | | - Nyoman Suartha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Kadek Karang Agustina
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
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Wang K, Li P, Gao Y, Liu C, Wang Q, Yin J, Zhang J, Geng L, Shu C. De novo genome assembly of the white-spotted flower chafer (Protaetia brevitarsis). Gigascience 2019; 8:giz019. [PMID: 30949689 PMCID: PMC6449472 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protaetia brevitarsis, commonly known as the white-spotted flower chafer, is an important Scarabaeidae insect that is distributed in most Asian countries. Recently, research on the insect's harmfulness to crops, usefulness in agricultural waste utilization, edibility, medicinal value, and usability in insect immunology has provided sufficient impetus to demonstrate the need for a detailed study of its biology. Herein, we sequenced the whole genome of this species to improve our understanding and study of P. brevitarsis. FINDINGS We developed a highly reliable genome resource for P. brevitarsis (Lewis, 1879; Coleoptera: Cetoniinae) using Illumina and PacBio sequencing platforms. A total of 135.75 gigabases (Gb) was generated, providing 150-fold coverage based on the 810-megabases (Mb) estimated genome size. The assembled P. brevitarsis genome was 751 Mb (including the scaffolds longer than 2 kilobases (kb)) with 327 scaffolds, and the N50 length of the assembly was 2.94 Mb. A total of 34,110 (22,229 in scaffolds and 11,881 located in alleles) genes were identified using Evidence Modeler, which was based on the gene prediction results obtained from 3 different methods (ab initio, RNA sequencing based, and known gene based). CONCLUSIONS We assembled a high-quality P. brevitarsis genome, which will not only provide insight into the biology of the species but also provide a wealth of information that will inform researchers on the evolution, control, and utilization of P. brevitarsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, West Yuan Ming Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Li
- Beijing Sinobiocore Biological Technology Co., Ltd., No. 99, Kechuang 14th Street, Daxing District, Beijing 1001111, P. R. China
| | - Yongyang Gao
- Beijing Sinobiocore Biological Technology Co., Ltd., No. 99, Kechuang 14th Street, Daxing District, Beijing 1001111, P. R. China
| | - Chunqin Liu
- Cangzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, No. 18, West Jiuhe Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou 061001, P. R. China
| | - Qinglei Wang
- Cangzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, No. 18, West Jiuhe Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou 061001, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, West Yuan Ming Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, West Yuan Ming Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Lili Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, West Yuan Ming Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Changlong Shu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2, West Yuan Ming Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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The ameliorative effect of Protaetia brevitarsis Larvae in HFD-induced obese mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1177-1186. [PMID: 31275718 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-00553-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protaetia brevitarsis Lewis (P. brevitarsis) larvae, edible insect, traditionally is consumed for various health benefits. However, little information is available with respect to its direct anti-obesity effects. Thus, the present study was designed to investigate the regulatory effect of P. brevitarsis against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. HFD-fed mice showed an increase in the body weight and serum levels of total cholesterol as well as low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides. The administration of P. brevitarsis to obese mice induced a reduction in their body weight, lipid accumulation in liver and serum lipid parameter compared with the HFD fed mice. P. brevitarsis also inhibited the expression of obesity-related genes such as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and fatty acid synthesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover, oleic acid was identified as predominant fatty acid of P. brevitarsis by gas chromatography analysis. Conclusively, these findings suggested that P. brevitarsis may help to prevent obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Venkatachalam P, Nadumane VK. Overexpression of p53 and Bax mediating apoptosis in cancer cell lines induced by a bioactive compound from Bacillus endophyticus JUPR15. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shukla R, Banerjee S, Tripathi YB. Antioxidant and Antiapoptotic effect of aqueous extract of Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb. Ex Willd.) DC. On streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:156. [PMID: 29751837 PMCID: PMC5948837 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and renal apoptosis play a significant role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The tubers of Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC. has been traditionally used as anti-ageing and health promotive tonic. The purpose of this study was to investigate its nephroprotective effect and mechanism via antioxidant and antiapoptotic potential in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. METHODS The chemical composition of aqueous extract of Pueraria tuberosa (PTY-2r) was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (55 mg/kg body weight) in rats. After 60 days, the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 6/each group), namely DN control (DN) group-2, DN rats treated with PTY-2r at the dose of 50 mg/100 g, group-3 and 100 mg/100 g, group-4 p.o. for 20 days. The normal rats were chosen as a normal control (NC) group-1. PTY-2r was orally given to the rats for 20 days. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) & glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the kidney tissue of DN rats. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was measured by immunofluorescence. RESULTS GC-MS analysis of PTY-2r indicated the presence of 37 compounds among them 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (17.80%), 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (17.03%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (5.18%) and 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z) - (6.69%) were found in the higher amount. A significant increase in ROS and LPO was observed along with the decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, responsible for oxidative stress in the kidney of DN rats. Since, high oxidative stress induces apoptosis in target cells, as shown by significantly decreased expression of Bcl-2 along with increased expression of Bax, active Caspase-3 & cleaved PARP-1 in DN control rats, suggesting apoptosis. The PTY-2r treatment significantly raised the activity of antioxidant enzymes, suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis thus, prevented urinary albumin excretion in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that PTY-2r exerted the nephroprotective potential against STZ induced DN rats via suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis due to the presence of different bioactive compounds. ᅟ.
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Lee J, Hwang IH, Kim JH, Kim MA, Hwang JS, Kim YH, Na M. Quinoxaline-, dopamine-, and amino acid-derived metabolites from the edible insect Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:1064-1070. [PMID: 28780757 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0942-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Edible insects have been reported to produce metabolites showing various pharmacological activities, recently emerging as rich sources of health functional food. In particular, the larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) have been used as traditional Korean medicines for treating diverse diseases, such as breast cancer, inflammatory disease, hepatic cancer, liver cirrhosis, and hepatitis. However, only few chemical investigations were reported on the insect larvae. Therefore, the aim of this study was to discover and identify biologically active chemical components of the larvae of P. brevitarsis seulensis. As a result, a quinoxaline-derived alkaloid (1) was isolated, which was not reported previously from natural sources. In addition, other related compounds (2, 4-10, 15, 16) were also encountered for the first time from the larvae. The structures of all the isolated compounds were established mainly by analysis of HRESIMS, NMR, and electronic circular dichroism data. Compound 5 exhibited inhibition of tyrosinase with IC50 value of 44.8 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungIn Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hyun Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Hoon Kim
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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In Vitro Apoptosis Induction in a Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line by Thermotolerant Glycolipid from Bacillus licheniformis SV1. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-017-1986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bano S, Siddiqui BS, Farooq AD, Begum S, Siddiqui F, Kashif M, Azhar M. In vitro growth inhibition and cytotoxicity of Euphorbia caducifolia against four human cancer cell lines and its phytochemical characterisation. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2936-2940. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1305380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Bano
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bina Shaheen Siddiqui
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ahsana Dar Farooq
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Eastern medicine, Hamdard Al-Majeed College of Eastern Medicine Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sabira Begum
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faheema Siddiqui
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Azhar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Lee J, Lee W, Kim MA, Hwang JS, Na M, Bae JS. Inhibition of platelet aggregation and thrombosis by indole alkaloids isolated from the edible insect Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe). J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:1217-1227. [PMID: 27997749 PMCID: PMC5431138 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe) has been temporarily registered as a food material by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety of Korea (MFDS). The current study aimed to discover small antithrombotic molecules from this edible insect. Five indole alkaloids, 5‐hydroxyindolin‐2‐one (1), (1R,3S)‐1‐methyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylic acid (2), (1S,3S)‐1‐methyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylic acid (3), (3S)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylic acid (4) and L‐tryptophan (5), were isolated from the insect. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 prolonged aPTT and PT and impaired thrombin and FXa generation on HUVEC surface. Moreover, these compounds inhibited platelet aggregation. Antithrombotic effects of compounds 1 and 2 were further confirmed in pre‐clinical models of pulmonary embolism and arterial thrombosis. Collectively, these results demonstrated that compounds 1 and 2 could be effective antithrombotic agents and serve as new scaffolds for the development of antithrombotic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- JungIn Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhwa Lee
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, The National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Weerapreeyakul N, Junhom C, Barusrux S, Thitimetharoch T. Induction of apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by extracts of Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. and Diospyros castanea (Craib) Fletcher. Chin Med 2016; 11:19. [PMID: 27110278 PMCID: PMC4841969 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-016-0091-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Herbal plants are a preferred source of anticancer agents. This study aims to screen the anticancer activity of a crude extract of twigs of (a) Bombax anceps Pierre var. anceps (BA); (b) Catunaregam tomentosa (Blume ex DC.) Tirveng. (CT); (c) Erythrophleum succirubrum Gagnep. (ES); (d) Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. (LC); and (e) leaves and (f) twigs of Diospyros castanea (Craib) Fletcher (DC). Methods The 50 % ethanol–water extracts were prepared from each plant sample. In vitro anticancer effects of six extracts on the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) in terms of cytotoxicity were investigated by neutral red assay, apoptosis induction by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, and DNA fragmentation by agarose gel electrophoresis. Normal Vero cells were tested for comparison and to determine cancer selectivity. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis was performed to identify the compounds in the extracts. Results The six crude extracts had different cytotoxicities and were classified into three groups based on their IC50 value and selectivity index (SI). DC (twig) crude extract had both a high cytotoxicity and SI toward HepG2 cells comparable to melphalan (P = 0.023). The crude extracts of DC (leaves), LC (twig), and BA (twig) had moderate cytotoxicity and a lower SI. Although all crude plant extracts induced apoptosis in more than 50 % of the DAPI-positive apoptotic HepG2 cells, only DC (twig) and LC (twig) showed laddering in the DNA fragmentation assay. 2-Palmitoylglycerol was the major compound common to both. Pyrogallol and lupeol were the major compounds in DC (twig) crude extract. Hexadecanoic acid and octadecenoic acid were the major compounds in LC (twig) crude extract, which had high toxicity but low selectivity. Conclusion Ethanolic extracts from DC and LC twigs induced apoptosis in the HepG2 cell line. Pyrogallol and lupeol in DC (twig) might be responsible for the cytotoxicity toward the HepG2 cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cholpajsorn Junhom
- Graduate School, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Sahapat Barusrux
- Faculty of Associate Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
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Xu X, Liu W, Li W, Liu S. Anticoagulant activity of crude extract of Holotrichia diomphalia larvae. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 177:28-34. [PMID: 26578186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Holotrichia diomphalia larvae are one classical folk medicinal material in East Asia which has clinically been used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis for several hundred years. AIM OF THE STUDY The anticoagulant activity of crude extract of H. diomphalia larvae (CEHDL) in vitro and in vivo was evaluated to explore its mechanism as antithrombotic medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of CEHDL on plasma recalcification time, platelet aggregation, bleeding time, hydrolysis of fibrinogen and fibrin were measured with normal human plasma, plasma-rich platelet, transected mouse tails and bovine fibrinogen; the anti-thrombosis activities of CEHDL in vitro and in vivo were analyzed with clots lysis assay and carrageenan-induced mouse tail thrombosis model. RESULTS CEHDL was found to contain large numbers of proteins and could inhibit blood coagulation and platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, CEHDL preferentially cleaved α- and β-chains followed by γ-chains of fibrinogen. Besides, CEHDL could directly degrade fibrin rather than activate plasminogen. It has been noted that fibrinogenolytic activity of CEHDL could be unaffected by metal ions such as Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Zn(2+), Fe(2+), Fe(3+), Cu(2+) and buffers with pH 3-10. Moreover, protease inhibitors like TPSI, aprotinin, leupetin, PMSF, DTT and EDTA only slightly or not inhibited fibrinogenolytic activity of CEHDL. However, CEHDL could be completely inactivated at 75°C and 100°C. In addition, CEHDL exhibited anti-thrombosis activities in both blood clot lysis assay and carrageenan-induced thrombosis model. CONCLUSION CEHDL possessed potent anticoagulant activity and several fibrin(ogen)olytic agents from H. diomphalia larvae were responsible for its antithrombotic effect as medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Wenjun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weizhen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Tundis R, Rashed K, Said A, Menichini F, Loizzo MR. In vitro Cancer Cell Growth Inhibition and Antioxidant Activity of Bombax ceiba (Bombacaceae) Flower Extracts. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The flowers of Bombax ceiba were investigated for their chemical composition, antioxidant effects and antiproliferative activity against seven human cancer cell lines. The antiproliferative responses of diethyl ether (DE) and light petroleum (PE) extracts were evaluated by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay against MCF-7, HeLa, COR-L23, C32, A375, ACHN, and LNCaP cells in comparison with a human normal cell line, 142BR. Moreover, extracts were characterized by GC-MS analysis and tested for their antioxidant properties by different in vitro systems, namely DPPH, Fe-chelating activity and β-carotene bleaching test. Both PE and DE extracts showed the highest antiproliferative activity against human renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN) in a concentration-dependent manner. PE extract showed the highest radical scavenging activity against the DPPH radical, while DE extract was more active in the β-carotene bleaching test. The presence of β-sitosterol and some fatty acids may contribute to the bioactivity of B. ceiba flower extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036 (CS), Italy
| | - Khaled Rashed
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ataa Said
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Francesco Menichini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036 (CS), Italy
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende 87036 (CS), Italy
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Yeo H, Youn K, Kim M, Yun EY, Hwang JS, Jeong WS, Jun M. Fatty Acid Composition and Volatile Constituents of Protaetia brevitarsis Larvae. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2014; 18:150-6. [PMID: 24471125 PMCID: PMC3892504 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2013.18.2.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 48 different volatile oils were identified form P. brevitarsis larvae by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Acids (48.67%) were detected as the major group in P. brevitarsis larvae comprising the largest proportion of the volatile compounds, followed by esters (19.84%), hydrocarbons (18.90%), alcohols (8.37%), miscellaneous (1.71%), aldehydes (1.35%) and terpenes (1.16%). The major volatile constituents were 9-hexadecenoic acid (16.75%), 6-octadecenoic acid (14.88%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (11.06%). The composition of fatty acid was also determined by GC analysis and 16 fatty acids were identified. The predominant fatty acids were oleic acid (C18:1, 64.24%) followed by palmitic acid (C16:0, 15.89%), palmitoleic acid (C16:1, 10.43%) and linoleic acid (C18:2, 4.69%) constituting more than 95% of total fatty acids. The distinguished characteristic of the fatty acid profile of P. brevitarsis larvae was the high proportion of unsaturated fatty acid (80.54% of total fatty acids) versus saturated fatty acids (19.46% of total fatty acids). Furthermore, small but significant amounts of linoleic, linolenic and γ-linolenic acids bestow P. brevitarsis larvae with considerable nutritional value. The novel findings of the present study provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of the insect as a nutritionally promising food source and a possibility for more effective utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyelim Yeo
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea
| | - Kumju Youn
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science RDA, Gyeonggi 441-100, Korea
| | - Jae-Sam Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science RDA, Gyeonggi 441-100, Korea
| | - Woo-Sik Jeong
- Department of Food & Life Sciences, Inje University, Gyeongnam 621-749, Korea
| | - Mira Jun
- Department of Food Science & Nutrition, Dong-A University, Busan 604-714, Korea
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Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Menichini F, Bonesi M, Colica C, Menichini F. In vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Extracts and Isolated Constituents of Salvia leriifoliaBenth. against a Panel of Human Cancer Cell Lines. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:1152-62. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mohan S, Bustamam A, Ibrahim S, Al-Zubairi AS, Aspollah M, Abdullah R, Elhassan MM. In Vitro Ultramorphological Assessment of Apoptosis on CEMss Induced by Linoleic Acid-Rich Fraction from Typhonium flagelliforme Tuber. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:421894. [PMID: 21785623 PMCID: PMC3135625 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neq010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The plant Typhonium flagelliforme, commonly known as “rodent tuber” in Malaysia, is often used as a health supplement and traditional remedy for alternative cancer therapies, including leukemia. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro anti-leukemic activity of dichloromethane extract/fraction number 7 (DCM/F7) from T. flagelliforme tuber on human T4 lymphoblastoid (CEMss) cell line. The DCM extract of tuber has been fractionated by column chromatography. The obtained fractions were evaluated for its cytotoxicity toward CEMss cells as well as human primary blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Assessment of apoptosis produced by the most active fraction was evaluated by various microscopic techniques and further confirmation of apoptosis was done by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Phytochemical screening was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results shows that 7 out of 12 fractions showed significant cytotoxicity against the selected cell line CEMss, in which fractions DCM/F7, DCM/F11 and DCM/F12 showed exceptional activity with 3, 5 and 6.2 μg ml−1, respectively. Further studies in the non-cancerous PBL exhibited significant selectivity of DCM/F7 compared to other fractions. Cytological observations showed chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage, abnormalities of cristae, membrane blebbing, cytoplasmic extrusions and formation of apoptotic bodies as confirmed collectively by double-staining of acridine orange (AO)/propidium iodide (PI), SEM and TEM. In addition, DCM/F7 has increased the cellular DNA breaks on treated cells. GC-MS revealed that DCM/F7 contains linoleic acid, hexadecanoic acid and 9-hexadecanoic acid. The present results indicate that T. flagelliforme possess a valuable anti-leukemic effect and was able to produce distinctive morphological features of cell death that corresponds to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam Mohan
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, 43400 UPM Serdang, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
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Hartmann AM, Abarzua S, Schlichting A, Richter DU, Leinweber P, Briese V. Effects of elm bark extracts from Ulmus laevis on human chorion carcinoma cell lines. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011; 284:1265-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dossey AT. Insects and their chemical weaponry: New potential for drug discovery. Nat Prod Rep 2010; 27:1737-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c005319h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Menichini F, Dodaro D, Passalacqua NG, Statti G, Menichini F. In vitrocytotoxic effects ofSenecio stabianusLacaita (Asteraceae) on human cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2009; 23:1707-18. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410802194151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Inhibitory effects of bark extracts from Ulmus laevis on endometrial carcinoma: an in-vitro study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2009; 18:162-8. [DOI: 10.1097/cej.0b013e32831bc546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Inhibitory effects of bark extracts from Ulmus laevis on endometrial carcinoma: an in-vitro study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2009. [DOI: 10.1097/cej.0b013e32831bc546.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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