1
|
Elghonemy MM, Essa AF, Osman AF, Khalaf DD, El-Nasser G El Gendy A, Abd-ElGawad AM, Umeyama A, Elshamy AI. Profiling Key Aroma Compounds of Senecio glaucus L. and their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities: Multiplex of GC-MS, NMR and In Silico Studies. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202302112. [PMID: 38531073 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202302112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The essential oils of Senecio plants have been used to treat a wide range of ailments. The current study aimed to extract the essential oil of Senecio glaucus obtained from Egypt's Nile delta and determine its chemical profile using GC-MS and NMR analysis. Then, the antimicrobial activity of the oil has been investigated against different fungal and bacterial strains. In addition, its activity as radical scavenger has been evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and metal chelating techniques. The results revealed the identification of 50 compounds representing 98.80 % of the oil total mass. Sesquiterpenes, including dehydrofukinone (27.15 %) and 4,5-di-epi-aristolochene (10.27 %), as well as monoterpenes, including p-cymene (4.77 %), represented the most predominant constituents. The dehydrofukinone has been isolated and structurally confirmed using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. The oil has showed remarkable antifungal activity against Candida glabrata and C. albicans where the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values were 3.13 μg/mL and 1.50 μg/mL and 12.50 μg/mL and 6.30 μg/mL, respectively that could be attributed to the sesquiterpene ketones present in the aerial tissues of the plant. Also, this oil inhibited the growth of the tested bacteria with MIC ranging from 12.50-100.00 μg/mL. In comparison to ascorbic acid and Trolox, the EO had remarkable scavenging activity of DPPH, ABTS and metal chelating with IC50 values of 313.17±13.4, 493.83±20.1, and 409.13±16.7 μg/mL. The docking studies of the identified compounds of the oil to different microbial targets, including Gyrase B and α-sterol demethylase, showed that the phytol possessed the best binding affinities toward the active sites of both enzymes with ΔG=-7.42 and -7.78 kcal/mol, respectively. In addition, the phytol revealed the highest binding affinity to tyrosine kinase Hck with ΔG=-7.44 kcal/mol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Elghonemy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Essa
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Abeer F Osman
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Doaa D Khalaf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Nasser G El Gendy
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abd-ElGawad
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akemi Umeyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Abdelsamed I Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tundis R, Patra JK, Bonesi M, Das S, Nath R, Das Talukdar A, Das G, Loizzo MR. Anti-Cancer Agent: The Labdane Diterpenoid-Andrographolide. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1969. [PMID: 37653887 PMCID: PMC10221142 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In spite of the progress in treatment strategies, cancer remains a major cause of death worldwide. Therefore, the main challenge should be the early diagnosis of cancer and the design of an optimal therapeutic strategy to increase the patient's life expectancy as well as the continuation of the search for increasingly active and selective molecules for the treatment of different forms of cancer. In the recent decades, research in the field of natural compounds has increasingly shifted towards advanced and molecular level understandings, thus leading to the development of potent anti-cancer agents. Among them is the diterpene lactone andrographolide, isolated from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees that showed shows a plethora of biological activities, including not only anti-cancer activity, but also anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory properties. Andrographolide has been shown to act as an anti-tumor drug by affecting specific molecular targets that play a part in the development and progression of several cancer types including breast, lung, colon, renal, and cervical cancer, as well as leukemia and hepatocarcinoma. This review comprehensively and systematically summarized the current research on the potential anti-cancer properties of andrographolide highlighting its mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and potential side effects and discussing the future perspectives, challenges, and limitations of use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
| | - Subrata Das
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Karimganj College, Assam University, Assam 788710, India
| | - Rajat Nath
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Assam 788011, India
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Assam 788011, India
| | - Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea;
| | - Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alruwad MI, Sabry MM, Gendy AM, El-Dine RS, El Hefnawy HM. In Vitro Cytotoxic Potential of Selected Jordanian Flora and Their Associated Phytochemical Analysis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1626. [PMID: 37111849 PMCID: PMC10142466 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Traditional medicines are a significant source of phytochemicals with potential anticancer effects. Ten Jordanian plants were chosen to be tested for cytotoxicity on human colorectal (HT-29) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. The ethanol extracts were screened for their potential cytotoxic effects using a Sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay, using doxorubicin as positive control. Plants extracts exhibiting marked cytotoxic activity were further investigated by qualitative and quantitative phytochemical methods. Total phenolics were quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, while flavonoids were quantified using aluminum chloride. The total saponins of the n-butanol fraction were estimated using diosgenin as a standard. The total alkaloids and total terpenoids were also evaluated using the gravimetric method. As results, Senecio leucanthemifolius (IC50: 13.84 μg/mL) and Clematis cirrhosa (IC50: 13.28 μg/mL) exhibited marked cytotoxic effects on human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cell lines. Total phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, and terpenoids found in Senecio leucanthemifolius were (91.82, 14.90, 14.27, 101, and 135.4 mg/g of dry extract), respectively. They were revealed to be (68.18, 7.16, 31.25, 73.6, and 180 mg/g of dry extract) in Clematis cirrhosa, respectively. Senecio leucanthemifolius and Clematis cirrhosa have been found to possess cytotoxicity against colorectal (HT-29). In conclusion, the findings of this study offer a new perspective on Jordanian plant extracts anticancer activity research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manal I. Alruwad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Manal M. Sabry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M. Gendy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Riham Salah El-Dine
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala M. El Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Acquaviva R, Malfa GA, Loizzo MR, Xiao J, Bianchi S, Tundis R. Advances on Natural Abietane, Labdane and Clerodane Diterpenes as Anti-Cancer Agents: Sources and Mechanisms of Action. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154791. [PMID: 35897965 PMCID: PMC9330018 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research over the past decades has identified numerous phytochemicals that could represent an important source of anti-cancer compounds. There is an immediate need for less toxic and more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of cancer. Natural compounds are considered suitable candidates for the development of new anti-cancer drugs due to their pleiotropic actions on target events with multiple manners. This comprehensive review highlighted the most relevant findings achieved in the screening of phytochemicals for anticancer drug development, particularly focused on a promising class of phytochemicals such as diterpenes with abietane, clerodane, and labdane skeleton. The chemical structure of these compounds, their main natural sources, and mechanisms of action were critically discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.A.); (S.B.)
- CERNUT, Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe A. Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.A.); (S.B.)
- CERNUT, Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Monica R. Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.R.L.); (R.T.)
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain;
| | - Simone Bianchi
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy; (R.A.); (S.B.)
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (M.R.L.); (R.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Essential Oils and Extracts of Juniperus macrocarpa Sm. and Juniperus oxycedrus L.: Comparative Phytochemical Composition and Anti-Proliferative and Antioxidant Activities. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081025. [PMID: 35448753 PMCID: PMC9031627 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we conducted a comparative phytochemical, chemotaxonomic, and biological study of essential oils (EOs) and extracts (ethyl acetate and methanol) obtained from the leaves of Juniperusmacrocarpa and J. oxycedrus. The dominant compounds of J. macrocarpa EO, analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), are α-pinene, sabinene, manoyl oxide, and germacrene D, whereas α-pinene, limonene, (Z,E)-farnesol, β-pinene, and γ-cadinene are the most representative volatiles of J. oxycedrus EOs. A multivariate analysis of EOs, included a selection of literature data comparing our samples to samples of J. oxycedrus/macrocarpa/deltoides from the Mediterranean area, was performed. As evident by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses, apigenin, (−)-epicatechin, and luteolin were abundant in J. oxycedrus extracts, while gallic acid, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and protocatechuic acid were the dominant constituents of J. macrocarpa extracts. EOs and extracts have been investigated for their potential antioxidant properties and anti-proliferative activity against lung adenocarcinoma (A549), breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), and lung large cell carcinoma (COR-L23) human cell lines. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of J. oxycedrus exerted the most valuable antioxidant activity and exhibited the most promising activity against the COR-L23 cell line with an IC50 of 26.0 and 39.1 μg/mL, respectively, lower than that obtained with the positive control (IC50 of 45.5 μg/mL). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report highlighting the anti-proliferative activity of J. oxycedrus and J. macrocarpa extracts against this lung cancer cell line. Our results indicate that J. oxycedrus may be considered a source of natural compounds with antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects that could be suitable for future applications.
Collapse
|
6
|
Jacaranone Derivatives with Antiproliferative Activity from Crepis pulchra and Relevance of This Group of Plant Metabolites. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11060782. [PMID: 35336664 PMCID: PMC8955310 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Jacaranones are a small group of specific plant metabolites with promising biological activities. The occurrence of jacaranones is limited to only a few plant families, with Asteraceae being the most abundant source of these compounds. Therefore, jacaranones can also serve as chemotaxonomic markers. Our phytochemical investigation of Crepis pulchra L. (Asteraceae) resulted in three jacaranone derivatives (jacaranone, 2,3-dihydro-2-hydroxyjacaranone, 2,3-dihydro-2-methoxyjacaranone), and (6R,9S)-3-oxo-α-ionol-β-d-glucopyranoside, fulgidic acid, 12,15-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester, scopoletin and apigenin-7-O-β-d-glucoside. This is the first report on the isolation of jacaranones from a species belonging to the Cichorioideae subfamily of Asteraceae. Jacaranone derivatives were subjected to an in vitro antiproliferative assay against a panel of human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, and C33A), revealing high or moderate activities, with IC50 values ranging from 6.3 to 26.5 μM.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bonesi M, Leporini M, Tenuta MC, Tundis R. The Role of Anthocyanins in Drug Discovery: Recent Developments. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 17:286-298. [PMID: 30686260 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190125152931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds have always played a key role in drug discovery. Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoids family responsible for the purple, blue, and red colour of many vegetables and fruits. These phytochemicals have attracted the interest of researchers for their important implications in human health and for their use as natural colorants. Many in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the potential effects of anthocyanins and anthocyanins-rich foods in the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This review reports the recent literature data and focuses on the potential role of anthocyanins in drug discovery. Their biological activity, analysis of structure-activity relationships, bioavailability, metabolism, and future prospects of their uses are critically described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Maria C Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hirukawa M, Zhang M, Echenique–Diaz LM, Mizota K, Ohdachi SD, Begué–Quiala G, Delgado–Labañino JL, Gámez–Díez J, Alvarez–Lemus J, Machado LG, Núñez MS, Shibata T, Kigoshi H, Kita M. Isolation and structure–activity relationship studies of jacaranones: Anti-inflammatory quinoids from the Cuban endemic plant Jacaranda arborea (Bignoniaceae). Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Zaher AM, Sultan R, Ramadan T, Amro A. New antimicrobial and cytotoxic benzofuran glucoside from Senecio glaucus L. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:136-141. [PMID: 32448002 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1768089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The ethyl acetate fraction of the dried aerial parts of Senecio glaucus L. exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against some of selected bacteria and fungi. Also, it showed potent cytotoxicity against PANC-1 cancer cell lines under glucose deficient medium. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to different chromatographic techniques for isolation of the bioactive compounds. A new benzofuran glucoside; 2,3-dihydro-3β-hydroxyeuparin 3-O-glucopyranoside (1) was isolated. Additionally, two known flavonoid compounds isorhamentin 3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), and isorhamentin 3-O-β-D-rutinoside (3) were first identified in S. glaucus. Compound 1 exhibited potent antimicrobial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria, one Gram-negative bacteria, and two fungi. Also, it displayed potent cytotoxic activity against PANC-1 cancer cell lines under glucose deficient medium (IC50 7.5 μM). However, the isolated flavonoid glycosides (2 & 3) showed moderate antimicrobial activities against two Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria, four fungi, and did not show any cytotoxic activity against PANC-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Zaher
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Raoof Sultan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
| | - Taha Ramadan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Amro
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mezache N, Derbré S, Laouer H, Richomme P, Séraphin D, Akkal S. Senecipyrrolidine, an unusual pyrrolidine alkaloid isolated from Jacobaea gigantea (Desf.) Pelser (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:2182-2191. [PMID: 30375240 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1493584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids and phenolic compounds are among the most biologically active natural products from the Jacobaea/Senecio genera (Asteraceae). To isolate original natural products directly from Jacobaea gigantea crude polar extracts, centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) was used. Previously, we reported the phytochemical study of J. gigantea (syn. Senecio giganteus) n-butanol extract using various classical chromatographical techniques combined with CPC. Herein major constituents from the J. gigantea crude ethyl acetate extract and further compounds from the n-butanol extract were purified in only one step using this technique. A new pyrrolidine alkaloid, named senecipyrrolidine was isolated along with thirteen known compounds - chiro-inositol, three phenolic acids, six flavonoids, two quinones and emiline, another pyrrolidine alkaloid - from crude n-butanol or ethyl acetate extracts. Pyrrolidine alkaloids were isolated for the first time in the Jacobaea/Senecio genera and were probably biogenetically related to the two isolated quinones derivatives jacaranone and 3a-hydroxy-3,3a,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzofuran-2,6-dione, isolated in this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadjet Mezache
- a Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences , UFA Sétif , Sétif , Algérie
| | - Séverine Derbré
- b EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV , UNIV Angers, Université d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Hocine Laouer
- c Laboratoire de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles Biologiques, Département de Biologie et Ecologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie , UFA Sétif , Sétif , Algérie
| | - Pascal Richomme
- b EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV , UNIV Angers, Université d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Denis Séraphin
- b EA921 SONAS, SFR4207 QUASAV , UNIV Angers, Université d'Angers , Angers , France
| | - Salah Akkal
- d Département de Chimie, VARENBIOMOL, Faculté des Sciences Exactes , Université de Constantine 1 , Constantine , Algérie
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dall’Acqua S, Peron G, Ferrari S, Gandin V, Bramucci M, Quassinti L, Mártonfi P, Maggi F. Phytochemical investigations and antiproliferative secondary metabolites from Thymus alternans growing in Slovakia. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1162-1170. [PMID: 28222613 PMCID: PMC6130594 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1291689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Thymus alternans Klokov (Lamiaceae) is a neglected species of the genus Thymus (Sect. Serpyllum) endemic to Carpathian area, where it is used as a flavouring agent and for medicinal purposes. OBJECTIVE The aim of the work was to identify antiproliferative constituents from the flowering aerial parts of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thymus alternans extracts were analyzed by HPLC-MSn and subjected to extensive chromatographic separations. The isolated compounds (phenolics and triterpenes) were structurally elucidated by MS and 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Essential oil (EO) composition was determined by GC-FID and GC-MS. Six purified triterpenes and EO were assayed for in vitro antiproliferative activity against a panel of human cancer cells, namely, breast (MDA-MB 231), colon (HCT-15 and HCT116), lung (U1810), pancreatic (BxPC3), melanoma (A375) and cervical carcinoma (A431) cells. RESULTS The structures of the isolated compounds were achieved on the basis of H-NMR and MS experiments. Luteolin-4'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (P1), chrysoeriol-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (P2), chrysoeriol-5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (P3), apigenin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (P4), rosmarinic acid (P5), rosmarinic acid-3'-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (P6), caffeic acid-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (P7), 3α-hydroxy-urs-12,15-diene (T1), α-amyrin (T2), β-amyrin (T3), isoursenol (T4), epitaraxerol (T5), and oleanolic acid (T6). GC-MS analysis revealed that the EO of T. alternans was devoid of phenols and belonged to the nerolidol-chemotype, that is typical of the Sect. Serpyllum. The six purified triterpenes (T1-T6) were active with IC50 ranging from 0.5 to 5 μM being comparable or better than those of reference compounds betulinic acid and cisplatin. The EO exhibited significant effects on A375, MDA-MB 231 and HCT116 cell lines with IC50 in the range of 5-8 μg/mL. CONCLUSION The reported results suggest that T. alternans can be considered as a good source of phytoconstituents with possible importance in the pharmaceutical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gregorio Peron
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sara Ferrari
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Pavol Mártonfi
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Biological Activities of Essential Oils: From Plant Chemoecology to Traditional Healing Systems. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010070. [PMID: 28045446 PMCID: PMC6155610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives arising from two different isoprenoid pathways. Essential oils are produced by glandular trichomes and other secretory structures, specialized secretory tissues mainly diffused onto the surface of plant organs, particularly flowers and leaves, thus exerting a pivotal ecological role in plant. In addition, essential oils have been used, since ancient times, in many different traditional healing systems all over the world, because of their biological activities. Many preclinical studies have documented antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of essential oils in a number of cell and animal models, also elucidating their mechanism of action and pharmacological targets, though the paucity of in human studies limits the potential of essential oils as effective and safe phytotherapeutic agents. More well-designed clinical trials are needed in order to ascertain the real efficacy and safety of these plant products.
Collapse
|
13
|
Fraga BM, Díaz CE, Amador LJ, Reina M, Santana O, González-Coloma A. Bioactive compounds from transformed root cultures and aerial parts of Bethencourtia hermosae. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 108:220-228. [PMID: 25301666 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A chemical study of Bethencourtia hermosae, aerial parts and in vitro root cultures, transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, afforded the hitherto unreported sesquiterpenes ceratopicanol angelate (1), 8β-hydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one tiglate (4), 8β-hydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one 3'-angeloxy-2'-methylbutanoate (5), 1α,8β-dihydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one 8β-angelate (7) and 6α,8β-dihydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one 8β-angelate (8). In addition, 8β-hydroxy-african-4(5)-en-3-one (6) was isolated for the first time from a natural source, along with the rare sesquiterpenoid senecrassidiol (10) and two jacaranone derivatives 14 and 16. Known pyrrolizidine alkaloids, together with previously unreported hermosine (23), have also been isolated from this plant. The insect antifeedant activities of the extracts and compounds were studied together with their cytotoxic effects against insect (Sf9) and mammalian (CHO) cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Fraga
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - Carmen E Díaz
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Leonardo J Amador
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Matías Reina
- Instituto de Productos Naturales and Agrobiología, CSIC, Avda. Astrof. F. Sánchez, 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Omar Santana
- Centro de Investigación Agraria de Albaladejito, Cuenca, Spain; Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Albacete, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Loizzo MR, Abouali M, Salehi P, Sonboli A, Kanani M, Menichini F, Tundis R. In vitroantioxidant and antiproliferative activities of nineSalviaspecies. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:2278-85. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.939086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
15
|
Lone SH, Bhat KA, Bhat HM, Majeed R, Anand R, Hamid A, Khuroo MA. Essential oil composition of Senecio graciliflorus DC: comparative analysis of different parts and evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:919-925. [PMID: 24629598 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil of different parts of Senecio graciliflorus DC was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS for the first time. A total of 17, 20, 19 and 17 constituents were identified comprising 99.90, 95.50, 98.93 and 95.96% of the essential oil of flower, leaf, stem and root parts of Senecio graciliflorus respectively. Monoterpene hydrocarbons predominated in the essential oil with 85.28% in flower, 57.53% in leaf, 67.74% in stem and 64.98% in root oil. α-pinene, cis-ocimene, 1,2,3-trimethylcyclohexane and β-pinene were the major constituents of the essential oil. The flower essential oil exhibited a strong antioxidant potential displaying IC50 values of 21.6±0.6 and 26.0±1.0μg/ml in DPPH and hydroxyl radical assays respectively. On the other hand the essential oil of flower and root displayed highest cytotoxicity against lung (A-549) cancer cell lines (IC50=19.1±0.9 and 21.3±1.1μg/ml respectively. This study which represents the first report of the essential oil composition and bioevaluation of Senecio graciliflorus, can serve as a new source of cytotoxic and antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabir H Lone
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Khursheed A Bhat
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Haroon M Bhat
- Bioorganic Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Srinagar 190005, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rabiya Majeed
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rajneesh Anand
- Instrumentation Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd A Khuroo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xie WD, Weng CW, Gao X, Zhao H, Row KH. A New Farnesene Derivative and Other Constituents fromSenecio Cannabifolius. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
17
|
Sperotto A, Moura D, Péres V, Damasceno F, Caramão E, Henriques J, Saffi J. Cytotoxic mechanism of Piper gaudichaudianum Kunth essential oil and its major compound nerolidol. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 57:57-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
18
|
Morais TR, Romoff P, Fávero OA, Reimão JQ, Lourenço WC, Tempone AG, Hristov AD, Di Santi SM, Lago JHG, Sartorelli P, Ferreira MJP. Anti-malarial, anti-trypanosomal, and anti-leishmanial activities of jacaranone isolated from Pentacalia desiderabilis (Vell.) Cuatrec. (Asteraceae). Parasitol Res 2011; 110:95-101. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
19
|
Lee S, Ra J, Song JY, Gwak C, Kwon HJ, Yim SV, Hong SP, Kim J, Lee KH, Cho JJ, Park YS, Park CS, Ahn HJ. Extracts from Citrus unshiu promote immune-mediated inhibition of tumor growth in a murine renal cell carcinoma model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 133:973-979. [PMID: 20637275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THIS STUDY Citrus unshiu (Satsuma mandarin, SM) is a citrus fruit the peel of which has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat common cold, relieve exhaustion, and cancer. In this study, we examined how effectively the content and peel extracts of SM can suppress cancer growth. The mechanism underlying cancer-suppressing properties of SM was investigated in tumor-bearing mice with renal carcinoma cell, Renca. MATERIALS AND METHODS Effectiveness of SM in tumor suppression was evaluated by measuring size of tumor mass in tumor-bearing mice treated with various doses of SM content and peel extracts. Proliferation of tumor cells and splenocytes was determined by MTT assay and [³H]TdR uptake, respectively. Relevant immunological mechanisms were chased by assaying cytokines including TGF-β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α by ELISA. RESULTS The content and peel extracts of SM inhibited the growth of tumor cells in tumor-bearing mice. Especially, average tumor volume of two groups treated with 3 and 30 mg peel extracts per mouse weight (kg) were significantly decreased to 52.32% (p<0.05) and 68.72% (p<0.01), respectively. To identify tumor regression mechanism, anti-tumor cytokines measured in Con A-activated splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice. IFN-γ was increased in both of the peel extract-treated groups, while TNF-α, which had been decreased by tumor growth, was rescued to the normal level in SM content and peel extracts-treated groups. However, SM content and peel extracts did not inhibit proliferation and tumor-proliferative cytokines including TGF-β and IL-6 production of tumor cells. CONCLUSION These results indicate that SM content and peel extracts have anti-tumor properties in the tumor-bearing murine model. The mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effects of SM extracts is strongly suggested to be via boosting cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α, enhancing immune-mediated anti-tumor properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanggon Lee
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Loizzo MR, Menichini F, Tundis R, Bonesi M, Nadjafi F, Saab AM, Frega NG, Menichini F. Comparative chemical composition and antiproliferative activity of aerial parts of Salvia leriifolia Benth. and Salvia acetabulosa L. essential oils against human tumor cell in vitro models. J Med Food 2010; 13:62-9. [PMID: 20136437 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to examine the chemical composition and antiproliferative activity of Salvia leriifolia Benth. and Salvia acetabulosa L. oils. S. leriifolia oil was characterized by 50 components, whereas 19 components were identified in S. acetabulosa. S. leriifolia oil was characterized by camphor (10.5%), 1,8-cineole (8.6%), camphene (6.2%), and alpha-pinene (4.7%). alpha-Pinene (52.3%), 1,8-cineole (27.7%), and camphor (6.7%) were the major components in S. acetabulosa oil. Both oils exerted a strong antiproliferative activity comparing with vinblastine against COR-L23 with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) values of 7.5 and 6.5 microg/mL for S. leriifolia and S. acetabulosa, respectively. Salvia oils showed an interesting activity also on C32 (IC(50) = 6.3 and 9.1 microg/mL for S. acetabulosa and S. leriifolia, respectively). S. acetabulosa was also found to possess cytotoxic activity against renal adenocarcinoma (IC(50) = 6.8 microg/mL). The results clearly showed that for both Salvia species the antiproliferative activity could not be related to the major abundant compounds. Consequently, the minor components may be involved in some type of synergism with the other active compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica R Loizzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Menichini F, Dodaro D, Passalacqua NG, Statti G, Menichini F. In vitrocytotoxic effects ofSenecio stabianusLacaita (Asteraceae) on human cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2009; 23:1707-18. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410802194151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
24
|
Mezache N, Derbré S, Akkal S, Laouer H, Séraphin D, Richomme P. Fast Counter Current Chromatography of n-Butanolic Fraction from Senecio giganteus (Asteraceae). Nat Prod Commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0900401009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic derivatives such as quinones, acid-phenols and flavonoids were successfully isolated from a n-butanolic fraction of Senecio giganteus Desf. (Asteraceae) flowers, namely jacaranone (1), 3a-hydroxy-3,3a,7,7a-tetrahydrobenzofuran-2,6-dione (2), chlorogenic acid (3), hyperoside (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-robinobioside (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (6), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide (7), and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronide-6″-methyl ester (8). These compounds were purified through either classical polyamide filtration followed by fractionation on Si gel, or through fast centrifugal partition chromatography (FCPC). Using FCPC, the major compounds could be readily isolated from the crude n-butanolic fraction. Compounds 1-8 were identified by means of spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis (UV, 1H, 13C and 2D NMR, and MS). This work described for the first time the phytochemical composition of this endemic Algerian plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadjet Mezache
- Université Mentouri, Constantine, laboratoire de Phytochimie et d'Analyses Physico-chimiques et Biologiques, département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences exactes, Algérie
| | - Séverine Derbré
- Université d'Angers, IFR 149, EA 921 SONAS, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Ingénierie de la Santé, France
| | - Salah Akkal
- Université Mentouri, Constantine, laboratoire de Phytochimie et d'Analyses Physico-chimiques et Biologiques, département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences exactes, Algérie
| | - Hocine Laouer
- UFA – Sétif, laboratoire de Valorisation des Ressources Biologiques, département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Algérie
| | - Denis Séraphin
- Université d'Angers, IFR 149, EA 921 SONAS, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Ingénierie de la Santé, France
| | - Pascal Richomme
- Université d'Angers, IFR 149, EA 921 SONAS, UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Ingénierie de la Santé, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Péres VF, Moura DJ, Sperotto ARM, Damasceno FC, Caramão EB, Zini CA, Saffi J. Chemical composition and cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic activities of the essential oil from Pipergaudichaudianum Kunth leaves. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:2389-95. [PMID: 19563855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the chemical composition of Piper gaudichaudianum essential oil, as well as its cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic effects in V79 cells. The chemical analyses showed that the major compounds are (E)-nerolidol (22.4%), alpha-humulene (16.5%), (E)-caryophyllene (8.9%) and bicyclogermacrene (7.4%). Dose-dependent cytotoxic effects were observed in V79 cells treated with essential oil by using clonal survival, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction assay (MTT) and trypan blue exclusion assay (TB), and a significant decrease in survival was observed at concentrations of 0.5 microg/mL and higher. The P. gaudichaudianum essential oil treatment caused DNA strand breaks in V79 cells at concentrations up to 2 microg/mL, as detected by the alkaline comet assay, but did not induce double-strand breaks, as verified by neutral comet assay. It induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells at 4, 6 and 10 microg/mL. Moreover, P. gaudichaudianum essential oil significantly increased lipid peroxidation at doses of 0.5 microg/mL and higher, suggesting that the observed oxidant potential can be responsible, at least in part, for its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V F Péres
- Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Oladipupo LA, Adebola OO. Chemical composition of the essential oils of the flowers, leaves and stems of two senecio polyanthemoides Sch. Bip. samples from South Africa. Molecules 2009; 14:2077-86. [PMID: 19513007 PMCID: PMC6254287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14062077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oils of the flowers, leaves and stems of Senecio polyanthemoides Sch. Bip. Samples collected from two different localities within the city of uMhlathuze, KwaZulu-Natal Province (South Africa) were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC and GC/MS. Twenty-six constituents were identified, representing an average of 86.0 - 99.6% of the total oil composition. The chemical profile reveals the dominance of monoterpenoid compounds, although some quantitative variance was noticed. The main constituents of the oils were limonene (3.1 - 43.0%), p-cymene (4.9-36.3%), beta-selinene (1.3-32.7%), alpha-pinene (1.8-21.4%), beta-pinene (7.6-16.5%) and 1,8-cineole (9.3-11.4%), caryophyllene oxide (4.1-13.4%) and humulene epoxide II (8.6-10.3%).
Collapse
|
28
|
NMR metabolomics of thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) resistance in Senecio hybrids. J Chem Ecol 2009; 35:219-29. [PMID: 19169751 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-008-9586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Revised: 11/25/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) has become a key insect pest of agricultural and horticultural crops worldwide. Little is known about host plant resistance to thrips. In this study, we investigated thrips resistance in F (2) hybrids of Senecio jacobaea and Senecio aquaticus. We identified thrips-resistant hybrids applying three different bioassays. Subsequently, we compared the metabolomic profiles of these hybrids applying nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The new developments of NMR facilitate a wide range coverage of the metabolome. This makes NMR especially suitable if there is no a priori knowledge of the compounds related to herbivore resistance and allows a holistic approach analyzing different chemical compounds simultaneously. We show that the metabolomes of thrips-resistant and -susceptible hybrids differed considerably. Thrips-resistant hybrids contained higher amounts of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA), jacobine, and jaconine, especially in younger leaves. Also, a flavanoid, kaempferol glucoside, accumulated in the resistant plants. Both PAs and kaempferol are known for their inhibitory effect on herbivores. In resistant and susceptible F (2) hybrids, young leaves showed less thrips damage than old leaves. Consistent with the optimal plant defense theory, young leaves contained increased levels of primary metabolites such as sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose, but also accumulated jacaranone as a secondary plant defense compound. Our results prove NMR as a promising tool to identify different metabolites involved in herbivore resistance. It constitutes a significant advance in the study of plant-insect relationships, providing key information on the implementation of herbivore resistance breeding strategies in plants.
Collapse
|
29
|
Bonesi M, Tundis R, Deguin B, Loizzo MR, Menichini F, Tillequin F, Menichini F. In vitro biological evaluation of novel 7-O-dialkylaminoalkyl cytotoxic pectolinarigenin derivatives against a panel of human cancer cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5431-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|