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Wang Y, Wang Y, Yue G, Zhao Y. Energy metabolism disturbance in migraine: From a mitochondrial point of view. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1133528. [PMID: 37123270 PMCID: PMC10133718 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1133528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a serious central nervous system disease with a high incidence rate. Its pathogenesis is very complex, which brings great difficulties for clinical treatment. Recently, many studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a key role in migraine, which affects the hyperosmotic of Ca2+, the excessive production of free radicals, the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, the imbalance of mPTP opening and closing, and the decrease of oxidative phosphorylation level, which leads to neuronal energy exhaustion and apoptosis, and finally lessens the pain threshold and migraine attack. This article mainly introduces cortical spreading depression, a pathogenesis of migraine, and then damages the related function of mitochondria, which leads to migraine. Oxidative phosphorylation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle are the main ways to provide energy for the body. 95 percent of the energy needed for cell survival is provided by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. At the same time, hypoxia can lead to cell death and migraine. The pathological opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore can promote the interaction between pro-apoptotic protein and mitochondrial, destroy the structure of mPTP, and further lead to cell death. The increase of mPTP permeability can promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to a series of changes in the expression of proteins related to energy metabolism. Both Nitric oxide and Calcitonin gene-related peptide are closely related to the attack of migraine. Recent studies have shown that changes in their contents can also affect the energy metabolism of the body, so this paper reviews the above mechanisms and discusses the mechanism of brain energy metabolism of migraine, to provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of migraine and promote the development of individualized and accurate treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiamen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, China
| | - Guangxin Yue
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonglie Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yonglie Zhao,
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2
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Zhu F, Miao Y, Cheng M, Ye X, Chen A, Zheng G, Tian X. The CACNA1A Mutant Disrupts Lysosome Calcium Homeostasis in Cerebellar Neurons and the Resulting Endo-Lysosomal Fusion Defect Can be Improved by Calcium Modulation. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:249-263. [PMID: 34476720 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03438-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in P/Q type voltage gated calcium channel (VGCC) lead severe human neurological diseases such as episodic ataxia 2, familial hemiplegic migraine 1, absence epilepsy, progressive ataxia and spinocerebellar ataxia 6. The pathogenesis of these diseases remains unclear. Mice with spontaneous mutation in the Cacna1a gene encoding the pore-forming subunit of P/Q type VGCC also exhibit ataxia, epilepsy and neurodegeneration. Based on the previous work showing that the P/Q type VGCC in neurons regulates lysosomal fusion through its calcium channel activity on lysosomes, we utilized CACNA1A mutant mice to further investigate the mechanism by which P/Q-type VGCCs regulate lysosomal function and neuronal homeostasis. We found CACNA1A mutant neurons have reduced lysosomal calcium storage without changing the resting calcium concentration in cytoplasm and the acidification of lysosomes. Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy reveal axonal degeneration due to lysosome dysfunction in the CACNA1A mutant cerebella. The calcium modulating drug thapsigargin, by depleting the ER calcium store, which locally increases the calcium concentration can alleviate the defective lysosomal fusion in mutant neurons. We propose a model that in cerebellar neurons, P/Q-type VGCC maintains the integrity of the nervous system by regulating lysosomal calcium homeostasis to affect lysosomal fusion, which in turn regulates multiple important cellular processes such as autophagy and endocytosis. This study helps us to better understand the pathogenesis of P/Q-type VGCC related neurodegenerative diseases and provides a feasible direction for future pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, 310013, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Yunping Miao
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, 310013, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Min Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, 310013, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Xiaodi Ye
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, 310013, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Aiying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, 310013, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Gaoli Zheng
- National Zhejiang Center for Safety Evaluation of New Drugs, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Xuejun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Materia Medica, Hangzhou Medical College (Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences), Hangzhou, 310013, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China. .,Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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3
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Yazğan Y, Nazıroğlu M. Involvement of TRPM2 in the Neurobiology of Experimental Migraine: Focus on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5581-5601. [PMID: 34370177 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02503-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Excessive Ca2+ influx and mitochondrial oxidative stress (OS) of trigeminal ganglia (TG) have essential roles in the etiology of migraine headache and aura. The stimulation of TRPM2 channel via the generation of OS and ADP-ribose (ADPR) induces pain, inflammatory, and oxidative neurotoxicity, although its inhibition reduces the intensity of pain and neurotoxicity in several neurons. However, the cellular and molecular effects of TRPM2 in the TG of migraine model (glyceryl trinitrate, GTN) on the induction of pain, OS, apoptosis, and inflammation remain elusive. GTN-mediated increases of pain intensity, apoptosis, death, cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial ROS, caspase -3, caspase -9, cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and cytokine generations (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in the TG of TRPM2 wild-type mouse were further increased by the TRPM2 activation, although they were modulated by the treatments of GSH, PARP-1 inhibitors (PJ34 and DPQ), and TRPM2 blockers (ACA and 2APB). However, the effects of GTN were not observed in the TG of TRPM2 knockout mice. The current data indicate that the maintaining activation of TRPM2 is not only important for the quenching OS, inflammation, and neurotoxicity in the TG neurons of mice with experimental migraine but also equally critical to the modulation of GTN-induced pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yener Yazğan
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. .,Drug Discovery Unit, BSN Health, Analyses, Innovation, Consultancy, Organization, Agriculture and Industry Ltd, Isparta, Turkey. .,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, TR-32260, Isparta, Turkey.
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4
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Sato M, Ohta T, Morikawa Y, Konno A, Hirai H, Kurauchi Y, Hisatsune A, Katsuki H, Seki T. Ataxic phenotype and neurodegeneration are triggered by the impairment of chaperone-mediated autophagy in cerebellar neurons. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 47:198-209. [PMID: 32722888 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a pathway involved in the autophagy lysosome protein degradation system. CMA has attracted attention as a contributing factor to neurodegenerative diseases since it participates in the degradation of disease-causing proteins. We previously showed that CMA is generally impaired in cells expressing the proteins causing spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs). Therefore, we investigated the effect of CMA impairment on motor function and the neural survival of cerebellar neurons using the micro RNA (miRNA)-mediated knockdown of lysosome-associated protein 2A (LAMP2A), a CMA-related protein. METHODS We injected adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vectors, which express green fluorescent protein (GFP) and miRNA (negative control miRNA or LAMP2A miRNA) under neuron-specific synapsin I promoter, into cerebellar parenchyma of 4-week-old ICR mice. Motor function of mice was evaluated by beam walking and footprint tests. Immunofluorescence experiments of cerebellar slices were conducted to evaluate histological changes in cerebella. RESULTS GFP and miRNA were expressed in interneurons (satellite cells and basket cells) in molecular layers and granule cells in the cerebellar cortices, but not in cerebellar Purkinje cells. LAMP2A knockdown in cerebellar neurons triggered progressive motor impairment, prominent loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells, interneurons, granule cells at the late stage, and astrogliosis and microgliosis from the early stage. CONCLUSIONS CMA impairment in cerebellar interneurons and granule cells triggers the progressive ataxic phenotype, gliosis and the subsequent degeneration of cerebellar neurons, including Purkinje cells. Our present findings strongly suggest that CMA impairment is related to the pathogenesis of various SCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sato
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Laboratory for Mechanistic Chemistry of Biomolecules, Department of Chemistry, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ohta
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuri Morikawa
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ayumu Konno
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hirai
- Department of Neurophysiology & Neural Repair, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akinori Hisatsune
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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5
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Perkins G, Lee JH, Park S, Kang M, Perez-Flores MC, Ju S, Phillips G, Lysakowski A, Gratton MA, Yamoah EN. Altered Outer Hair Cell Mitochondrial and Subsurface Cisternae Connectomics Are Candidate Mechanisms for Hearing Loss in Mice. J Neurosci 2020; 40:8556-8572. [PMID: 33020216 PMCID: PMC7605424 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2901-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organelle crosstalk is vital for cellular functions. The propinquity of mitochondria, ER, and plasma membrane promote regulation of multiple functions, which include intracellular Ca2+ flux, and cellular biogenesis. Although the purposes of apposing mitochondria and ER have been described, an understanding of altered organelle connectomics related to disease states is emerging. Since inner ear outer hair cell (OHC) degeneration is a common trait of age-related hearing loss, the objective of this study was to investigate whether the structural and functional coupling of mitochondria with subsurface cisternae (SSC) was affected by aging. We applied functional and structural probes to equal numbers of male and female mice with a hearing phenotype akin to human aging. We discovered the polarization of cristae and crista junctions in mitochondria tethered to the SSC in OHCs. Aging was associated with SSC stress and decoupling of mitochondria with the SSC, mitochondrial fission/fusion imbalance, a remarkable reduction in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels, reduced K+-induced Ca2+ uptake, and marked plasticity of cristae membranes. A model of structure-based ATP production predicts profound energy stress in older OHCs. This report provides data suggesting that altered membrane organelle connectomics may result in progressive hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Perkins
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | | | | | | | | | - Saeyeon Ju
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Grady Phillips
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Anna Lysakowski
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Otolaryngology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
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6
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Agarwal S, Ganesh S. Perinuclear mitochondrial clustering, increased ROS levels, and HIF1 are required for the activation of HSF1 by heat stress. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs245589. [PMID: 32503939 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.245589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a conserved cellular defensive response against stresses such as temperature, oxidative stress and heavy metals. A significant group of players in the HSR is the set of molecular chaperones known as heat shock proteins (HSPs), which assist in the refolding of unfolded proteins and prevent the accumulation of damaged proteins. HSP genes are activated by the HSF1 transcription factor, a master regulator of the HSR pathway. A variety of stressors activate HSF1, but the key molecular players and the processes that directly contribute to HSF1 activation remain unclear. In this study, we show that heat shock induces perinuclear clustering of mitochondria in mammalian cells, and this clustering is essential for activation of the HSR. We also show that this perinuclear clustering of mitochondria results in increased levels of reactive oxygen species in the nucleus, leading to the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). To conclude, we provide evidence to suggest that HIF-1α is one of the crucial regulators of HSF1 and that HIF-1α is essential for activation of the HSR during heat shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Agarwal
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Subramaniam Ganesh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur 208016, India
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7
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Liu C, Zhu LL, Xu SG, Ji HL, Li XM. ENaC/DEG in Tumor Development and Progression. J Cancer 2016; 7:1888-1891. [PMID: 27698929 PMCID: PMC5039373 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial Na+ channel/degenerin (ENaC/DEG) superfamily, including the acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), is characterized by a high degree of similarity in structure but highly diverse in physiological functions. These ion channels have been shown to be important in several physiological functions of normal epithelial cells, including salt homeostasis, fluid transportation and cell mobility. There is increasing evidence suggesting that ENaC/DEG channels are critically engaged in cancer cell biology, such as proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, playing a role in tumor development and progression. In this review, we will discuss recent studies showing the role of ENaC and ASIC channels in epithelial cells and its relationship to the oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Liu
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Zhu
- School of Nursing, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Si-Guang Xu
- Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Long Ji
- Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, P. R. China
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
- Texas Lung Injury Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA
| | - Xiu-Min Li
- Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, P. R. China
- Department Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, P. R. China
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8
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Eikermann-Haerter K, Arbel-Ornath M, Yalcin N, Yu ES, Kuchibhotla KV, Yuzawa I, Hudry E, Willard CR, Climov M, Keles F, Belcher AM, Sengul B, Negro A, Rosen IA, Arreguin A, Ferrari MD, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Bacskai BJ, Ayata C. Abnormal synaptic Ca(2+) homeostasis and morphology in cortical neurons of familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 mutant mice. Ann Neurol 2015; 78:193-210. [PMID: 26032020 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Migraine is among the most common and debilitating neurological conditions. Familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 (FHM1), a monogenic migraine subtype, is caused by gain-of-function of voltage-gated CaV 2.1 calcium channels. FHM1 mice carry human pathogenic mutations in the α1A subunit of CaV 2.1 channels and are highly susceptible to cortical spreading depression (CSD), the electrophysiologic event underlying migraine aura. To date, however, the mechanism underlying increased CSD/migraine susceptibility remains unclear. METHODS We employed in vivo multiphoton microscopy of the genetically encoded Ca(2+)-indicator yellow cameleon to investigate synaptic morphology and [Ca(2+)]i in FHM1 mice. To study CSD-induced cerebral oligemia, we used in vivo laser speckle flowmetry and multimodal imaging. With electrophysiologic recordings, we investigated the effect of the CaV 2.1 gating modifier tert-butyl dihydroquinone on CSD in vivo. RESULTS FHM1 mutations elevate neuronal [Ca(2+)]i and alter synaptic morphology as a mechanism for enhanced CSD susceptibility that we were able to normalize with a CaV 2.1 gating modifier in hyperexcitable FHM1 mice. At the synaptic level, axonal boutons were larger, and dendritic spines were predominantly of the mushroom type, which both provide a structural correlate for enhanced neuronal excitability. Resting neuronal [Ca(2+)]i was elevated in FHM1, with loss of compartmentalization between synapses and neuronal shafts. The percentage of calcium-overloaded neurons was increased. Neuronal [Ca(2+)]i surge during CSD was faster and larger, and post-CSD oligemia and hemoglobin desaturation were more severe in FHM1 brains. INTERPRETATION Our findings provide a mechanism for enhanced CSD susceptibility in hemiplegic migraine. Abnormal synaptic Ca(2+) homeostasis and morphology may contribute to chronic neurodegenerative changes as well as enhanced vulnerability to ischemia in migraineurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Eikermann-Haerter
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Michal Arbel-Ornath
- Alzheimer Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Nilufer Yalcin
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Esther S Yu
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Kishore V Kuchibhotla
- Alzheimer Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Izumi Yuzawa
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Eloise Hudry
- Alzheimer Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Carli R Willard
- Alzheimer Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Mihail Climov
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Fatmagul Keles
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Arianna M Belcher
- Alzheimer Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Buse Sengul
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Andrea Negro
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Isaac A Rosen
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Andrea Arreguin
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Michel D Ferrari
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Brian J Bacskai
- Alzheimer Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA.,Stroke Service and Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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9
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Abstract
Intracellular calcium dynamics is critical for many functions of cerebellar granule cells (GrCs) including membrane excitability, synaptic plasticity, apoptosis, and regulation of gene transcription. Recent measurements of calcium responses in GrCs to depolarization and synaptic stimulation reveal spatial compartmentalization and heterogeneity within dendrites of these cells. However, the main determinants of local calcium dynamics in GrCs are still poorly understood. One reason is that there have been few published studies of calcium dynamics in intact GrCs in their native environment. In the absence of complete information, biophysically realistic models are useful for testing whether specific Ca(2+) handling mechanisms may account for existing experimental observations. Simulation results can be used to identify critical measurements that would discriminate between different models. In this review, we briefly describe experimental studies and phenomenological models of Ca(2+) signaling in GrC, and then discuss a particular biophysical model, with a special emphasis on an approach for obtaining information regarding the distribution of Ca(2+) handling systems under conditions of incomplete experimental data. Use of this approach suggests that Ca(2+) channels and fixed endogenous Ca(2+) buffers are highly heterogeneously distributed in GrCs. Research avenues for investigating calcium dynamics in GrCs by a combination of experimental and modeling studies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena È Saftenku
- Department of General Physiology of Nervous System, A. A. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, 4 Bogomoletz St., Kyiv 01024, Ukraine.
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10
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Carreño O, García-Silva MT, García-Campos Ó, Martínez-de Aragón A, Cormand B, Macaya A. Acute striatal necrosis in hemiplegic migraine with de novo CACNA1A mutation. Headache 2012; 51:1542-6. [PMID: 22082423 DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.02014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with early-onset developmental delay, chronic ataxia and prolonged hemiplegic migraine episodes bringing about progressive deterioration. Two days into one episode, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging disclosed unilateral striatal abnormal signal consistent with cytotoxic edema, which evolved into atrophy on follow-up scans. Mutational screen of CACNA1A gene identified a de novo p.Tyr1387Cys mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriel Carreño
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Bellum S, Thuett KA, Bawa B, Abbott LC. The effect of methylmercury exposure on behavior and cerebellar granule cell physiology in aged mice. J Appl Toxicol 2012; 33:959-69. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sairam Bellum
- Safety Assessment, Merck Research Laboratories; West Point; PA; 19486; USA
| | - Kerry A. Thuett
- ChemRisk; 101 2nd Street, Suite 700; San Francisco; CA; 94105; USA
| | - Bhupinder Bawa
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathology; Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine; 101 Trotter Hall; Manhattan; KS; 66506-5601; USA
| | - Louise C. Abbott
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 4458 TAMU; Texas A&M University; College Station; TX; 77843-4458; USA
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12
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Barrós-Loscertales A, Ventura-Campos N, Sanjuán-Tomás A, Belloch V, Parcet MA, Avila C. Behavioral activation system modulation on brain activation during appetitive and aversive stimulus processing. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2010; 5:18-28. [PMID: 20147458 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsq012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposed the behavioral activation system (BAS) as a neurobehavioral system that is dependent on dopamine-irrigated structures and that mediates the individual differences in sensitivity and reactivity to appetitive stimuli associated with BAS-related personality traits. Theoretical developments propose that high BAS sensitivity is associated with both enhanced appetitive stimuli processing and the diminished processing of aversive stimuli. The objective of this study was to analyze how individual differences in BAS functioning were associated with brain activation during erotic and aversive picture processing while subjects were involved in a simple goal-directed task. Forty-five male participants took part in this study. The task activation results confirm the activation of the reward and punishment brain-related structures while viewing erotic and aversive pictures, respectively. The SR scores show a positive correlation with activation of the left lateral prefrontal cortex, the mesial prefrontal cortex and the right occipital cortex while viewing erotic pictures, and a negative correlation with the right lateral prefrontal cortex and the left occipital cortex while viewing aversive pictures. In summary, the SR scores modulate the activity of the cortical areas in the prefrontal and the occipital cortices that are proposed to modulate the BAS and the BIS-FFFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Barrós-Loscertales
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
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Bawa B, Abbott LC. Alterations in intracellular calcium ion concentrations in cerebellar granule cells of the CACNA1A mutant mouse, leaner, during postnatal development. Neurotox Res 2009; 19:123-7. [PMID: 20043243 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-009-9147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining calcium ion (Ca²+) homeostasis is crucial for normal neuronal function. Altered Ca²+ homeostasis interferes with Ca²+ signaling processes and affects neuronal survival. In this study, we used homozygous leaner and tottering mutant mice, which carry autosomal recessive mutations in the gene coding for the α(1A) pore forming subunit of Ca(V)2.1 (P/Q-type) voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC). Leaner mice show severe ataxia and epilepsy, while tottering mice are less severely affected. Leaner cerebellar granule cells (CGC) show extensive apoptotic cell death that peaks at postnatal (P) day 20 and continues into adulthood. Intracellular Ca²+ ([Ca²+](i)) concentrations in leaner and tottering mouse Purkinje cells have been described, but [Ca²+](i) concentrations have not been reported for granule cells, the largest neuronal population of the cerebellum. Using the ratiometric dye, Fura-2 AM, we investigated the role of Ca²+ homeostasis in CGC death during postnatal development by demonstrating basal [Ca²+](i), depolarization induced Ca²+ transients, and Ca²+ transients after completely blocking Ca(V)2.1 VGCC. From P20 onward, basal [Ca²+](i) levels in leaner CGC were significantly lower compared to age-matched wild-type CGC. We also compared basal [Ca²+](i) levels in leaner and wild-type CGC to basal [Ca²+](i) in tottering CGC. Potassium chloride induced depolarization revealed no significant difference in Ca²+ transients between leaner and wild-type CGC, indicating that even though leaner CGC have dysfunctional P/Q-type VGCC, Ca²+ transients after depolarization are the same. This suggests that other VGCC are compensating for the dysfunctional P/Q channels. This finding was further confirmed by completely blocking Ca(V)2.1 VGCC using ω-Agatoxin IV-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Bawa
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USA
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Gargus JJ. Genetic calcium signaling abnormalities in the central nervous system: seizures, migraine, and autism. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1151:133-56. [PMID: 19154521 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03572.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The calcium ion is one of the most versatile, ancient, and universal of biological signaling molecules, known to regulate physiological systems at every level from membrane potential and ion transporters to kinases and transcription factors. Disruptions of intracellular calcium homeostasis underlie a host of emerging diseases, the calciumopathies. Cytosolic calcium signals originate either as extracellular calcium enters through plasma membrane ion channels or from the release of an intracellular store in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via inositol triphosphate receptor and ryanodine receptor channels. Therefore, to a large extent, calciumopathies represent a subset of the channelopathies, but include regulatory pathways and the mitochondria, the major intracellular calcium repository that dynamically participates with the ER stores in calcium signaling, thereby integrating cellular energy metabolism into these pathways, a process of emerging importance in the analysis of the neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Many of the calciumopathies are common complex polygenic diseases, but leads to their understanding come most prominently from rare monogenic channelopathy paradigms. Monogenic forms of common neuronal disease phenotypes-such as seizures, ataxia, and migraine-produce a constitutionally hyperexcitable tissue that is susceptible to periodic decompensations. The gene families and genetic lesions underlying familial hemiplegic migraine, FHM1/CACNA1A, FHM2/ATP1A2, and FHM3/SCN1A, and monogenic mitochondrial migraine syndromes, provide a robust platform from which genes, such as CACNA1C, which encodes the calcium channel mutated in Timothy syndrome, can be evaluated for their role in autism and bipolar disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jay Gargus
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Section of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Demaurex N, Poburko D, Frieden M. Regulation of plasma membrane calcium fluxes by mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2009; 1787:1383-94. [PMID: 19161976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Revised: 12/21/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in cell signaling is becoming increasingly apparent, to an extent that the signaling role of mitochondria appears to have stolen the spotlight from their primary function as energy producers. In this chapter, we will review the ionic basis of calcium handling by mitochondria and discuss the mechanisms that these organelles use to regulate the activity of plasma membrane calcium channels and transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Demaurex
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1, rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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