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Barbieri MA, Ferraro AA, Simões VMF, Goldani MZ, Cardoso VC, Moura da Silva AA, Bettiol H. Cohort Profile: The 1978-79 Ribeirao Preto (Brazil) birth cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 51:27-28g. [PMID: 34564724 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antônio Barbieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Zubaran Goldani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Viviane Cunha Cardoso
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Heloisa Bettiol
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Jaisser F, Farman N. Emerging Roles of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Pathology: Toward New Paradigms in Clinical Pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:49-75. [PMID: 26668301 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.011106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and its ligand aldosterone are the principal modulators of hormone-regulated renal sodium reabsorption. In addition to the kidney, there are several other cells and organs expressing MR, in which its activation mediates pathologic changes, indicating potential therapeutic applications of pharmacological MR antagonism. Steroidal MR antagonists have been used for decades to fight hypertension and more recently heart failure. New therapeutic indications are now arising, and nonsteroidal MR antagonists are currently under development. This review is focused on nonclassic MR targets in cardiac, vascular, renal, metabolic, ocular, and cutaneous diseases. The MR, associated with other risk factors, is involved in organ fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and aging; for example, in the kidney and heart MR mediates hormonal tissue-specific ion channel regulation. Genetic and epigenetic modifications of MR expression/activity that have been documented in hypertension may also present significant risk factors in other diseases and be susceptible to MR antagonism. Excess mineralocorticoid signaling, mediated by aldosterone or glucocorticoids binding, now appears deleterious in the progression of pathologies that may lead to end-stage organ failure and could therefore benefit from the repositioning of pharmacological MR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Jaisser
- INSERM UMR 1138 Team 1, Cordeliers Research Center, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France (F.J., N.F); and University Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France (F.J.)
| | - N Farman
- INSERM UMR 1138 Team 1, Cordeliers Research Center, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France (F.J., N.F); and University Paris-Est Creteil, Creteil, France (F.J.)
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Ritter AMV, Fontana V, Faria APCD, Modolo R, Barbaro NR, Sabbatini AR, Peres H, Biagi C, Silva PS, Lopes PC, Tanus-Santos JE, Coelho EB, Moreno H. Association of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Polymorphism I180V With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Resistant Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:245-50. [PMID: 26049084 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genetic polymorphisms on mineralocorticoid receptor gene (NC3C2) are associated with variability of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) function and cardiovascular implications. We sought to investigate whether I180V (rs5522) and MRc.-2G_C (rs2070951) polymorphisms in NR3C2 gene are associated with resistance to antihypertensive treatment and target-organ damage in resistant hypertensive (RHTN) patients. METHODS One hundred and eighty-one RHTN and 122 mild to moderate hypertensive (HTN) patients were enrolled in this study. Genotypes were obtained by allelic discrimination assay using real-time polymerase chain reaction. We determined pulse wave velocity (PWV), microalbuminuria, and left ventricular mass index to assess target-organ damage. We compared clinical and laboratorial characteristics of AA vs. G carriers for rs5522 and AC vs. GG vs. CG for rs2070951. RESULTS We did not found differences in allele, genotype, and haplotype frequencies for both polymorphisms between HTN and RHTN subjects. We found increased levels of aldosterone and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in G carriers only for rs5522. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was more prevalent in G carriers than AA homozygous for rs5522 but not for rs2070951 in RHTN. On the other hand, microalbuminuria and PWV were similar among genotypes for both polymorphisms. No differences were observed between the haplotypes, except for higher aldosterone concentration in GG compared to AG and AC haplotypes. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that rs5522 polymorphism might affect cardiac remodeling and aldosterone levels in RHTN subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Fontana
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Cabral de Faria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Modolo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália R Barbaro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréa R Sabbatini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Heverton Peres
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Celso Biagi
- Santa Casa of Araçatuba, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Pamela S Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Lopes
- Clinical Hospital - Hypertension Section, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Tanus-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B Coelho
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Heitor Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Mannic T, Satta N, Pagano S, Python M, Virzi J, Montecucco F, Frias MA, James RW, Maturana AD, Rossier MF, Vuilleumier N. CD14 as a Mediator of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor-Dependent Anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IgG Chronotropic Effect on Cardiomyocytes. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4707-19. [PMID: 26393305 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and animal studies point to autoantibodies against apolipoprotein A-1 (anti-apoA-1 IgG) as possible mediators of cardiovascular (CV) disease involving several mechanisms such as basal heart rate interference mediated by a mineralocorticoid receptor-dependent L-type calcium channel activation, and a direct pro-inflammatory effect through the engagement of the toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/CD14 complex. Nevertheless, the possible implication of these receptors in the pro-arrhythmogenic effect of anti-apoA-1 antibodies remains elusive. We aimed at determining whether CD14 and TLRs could mediate the anti-apoA-1 IgG chronotropic response in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVC). Blocking CD14 suppressed anti-apoA-1 IgG binding to NRVC and the related positive chronotropic response. Anti-apoA-1 IgG alone induced the formation of a TLR2/TLR4/CD14 complex, followed by the phosphorylation of Src, whereas aldosterone alone promoted the phosphorylation of Akt by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), without affecting the chronotropic response. In the presence of both aldosterone and anti-apoA-1 IgG, the localization of TLR2/TLR4/CD14 was increased in membrane lipid rafts, followed by PI3K and Src activation, leading to an L-type calcium channel-dependent positive chronotropic response. Pharmacological inhibition of the Src pathway led to the decrease of L-type calcium channel activity and abrogated the NRVC chronotropic response. Activation of CD14 seems to be a key regulator of the mineralocorticoid receptor-dependent anti-apoA-1 IgG positive chronotropic effect on NRVCs, involving relocation of the CD14/TLR2/TLR4 complex into lipid rafts followed by PI3K and Src-dependent L-type calcium channel activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Mannic
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Satta
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Pagano
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Magaly Python
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Julien Virzi
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Miguel A Frias
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Richard W James
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Andres D Maturana
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Michel F Rossier
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Human Protein Sciences Department, Chemistry and Proteomic Group, Auto-immunity and Atherogenesis group; and Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine (T.M., N.S., J.V., F.M., N.V., M.F.R.), Geneva University Hospitals, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Hypertension and Nutrition (M.P., M.A.F., R.W.J.), Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland; Department of Bioengineering Sciences (A.D.M.), Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Nagoya University, Japan; and Central Institute of the Hospital of Valais (M.F.R.), 1951 Sion, Switzerland
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Ritter AMV, de Faria AP, Fontana V, Modolo R, Moreno H. Does Renal Denervation Fit All Resistant Hypertension? The Role of Genetics. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2015; 18:161-2. [PMID: 26234521 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra M V Ritter
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Faria
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Fontana
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Modolo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Heitor Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Poleti MD, DeRijk RH, Rosa AF, Moncau CT, Oliveira PS, Coutinho LL, Eler JP, Balieiro JCC. Genetic variants in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors are associated with concentrations of plasma cortisol, muscle glycogen content, and meat quality traits in male Nellore cattle. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2015; 51:105-13. [PMID: 25617989 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) are key components in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal neuroendocrine axis and coordinate the physiological response to stress agents to reestablish homeostasis. Genetic variations of GR (NR3C1) and MR (NR3C2) genes could explain the alterations in animals to adapt to challenges, and therefore, their influence on production traits. The present study aimed to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the bovine NR3C1 and NR3C2 genes and explore their associations to relevant traits of beef cattle production. Genotypes and phenotypes were collected from 241 male Nellore cattle (119 noncastrated and 122 castrated surgically) with an average of 24 ± 1.2 mo of age and live weight of 508 ± 39 kg. The traits evaluated were concentrations of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol, muscle glycogen and lactate content, and pH, color, cooking loss, and shear force of longissimus thoracis measured on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days postmortem. Five SNPs were identified, 2 in the NR3C1 gene and 3 in the NR3C2 gene. There was an associative relationship between the SNP NR3C1_1 g.3293A>G and postmortem plasma concentration of cortisol (P = 0.0008). The SNPs NR3C2_1 g.115T>C and NR3C2_2 g.570T>C were associated with muscle glycogen content (P = 0.0306 and P = 0.0158), postmortem plasma concentration of ACTH (P = 0.0118 and P = 0.0095), and cooking loss of the steak aged 1 d (P = 0.0398 and P = 0.0423). Haplotype analysis showed associations of GR haplotypes with postmortem plasma concentrations of cortisol and MR haplotypes with meat color, cooking losses, muscle glycogen content, and plasma concentrations of ACTH. The associations observed in the present study show that SNPs in GR and MR genes are related with changes of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and metabolic profile in cattle, leading to individual variation in meat quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Poleti
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo 13635-900, Brazil.
| | - R H DeRijk
- Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A F Rosa
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo 13635-900, Brazil
| | - C T Moncau
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo 13635-900, Brazil
| | - P S Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo 13635-900, Brazil
| | - L L Coutinho
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo 13418-900, Brazil
| | - J P Eler
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo 13635-900, Brazil
| | - J C C Balieiro
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo 13635-900, Brazil
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Henley DE, Lightman SL. Cardio-metabolic consequences of glucocorticoid replacement: relevance of ultradian signalling. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 80:621-8. [PMID: 24611992 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to elevated glucocorticoid levels is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, manifest classically in Cushing's syndrome and with high-dose glucocorticoid therapy. However, cardiovascular events are also reportedly higher in patients with primary and secondary hypoadrenalism receiving 'replacement' glucocorticoid doses. This has been attributed to an inability to mimic accurately the diurnal rhythm of cortisol with current oral replacement therapy and subsequent glucocorticoid excess. Although development of delayed release oral preparations has sought to overcome this problem, there has been little attention on the ultradian rhythm of glucocorticoids and its relevance for replacement therapy and associated cardio-metabolic comorbidity. Endogenous glucocorticoids are released in a pulsatile manner, and this ultradian rhythm is important in maintaining homeostatic control through glucocorticoid-receptor (GR)-dependent transcription regulation that rapidly responds to circulating hormone levels. Constant glucocorticoid exposure can result in continuous transcription, aberrant mRNA accumulation and abnormal protein levels. GR regulation of transcription programmes is highly cell and tissue specific, binding to distinct genomic loci in different cellular contexts. GR also interacts with a large cohort of DNA-binding factors with cell-specific interactions. The relevance of kinetic patterns of GR-dependent gene expression in vivo is not yet fully elucidated. However, given that GR gene variants are associated with cardiovascular disease, it is possible that ultradian delivery of glucocorticoid replacement may become important, at least in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Henley
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Barbosa EJL, Glad CAM, Nilsson AG, Filipsson Nyström H, Götherström G, Svensson PA, Vinotti I, Bengtsson BÅ, Nilsson S, Boguszewski CL, Johannsson G. Genotypes associated with lipid metabolism contribute to differences in serum lipid profile of GH-deficient adults before and after GH replacement therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 2012; 167:353-62. [PMID: 22715478 DOI: 10.1530/eje-12-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE GH deficiency (GHD) in adults is associated with an altered serum lipid profile that responds to GH replacement therapy (GHRT). This study evaluated the influence of polymorphisms in genes related to lipid metabolism on serum lipid profile before and after 1 year of GHRT in adults. DESIGN AND METHODS In 318 GHD patients, total cholesterol (TC) serum concentrations, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides (TG) were assessed. Using a candidate gene approach, 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped. GH dose was individually titrated to obtain normal serum IGF1 concentrations. RESULTS At baseline, the minor alleles of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene SNPs rs708272 and rs1800775 were associated with higher serum TC and apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene SNP rs7412 with lower TC concentrations; CETP SNPs rs708272, rs1800775, and rs3764261 and apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene SNP rs693 with higher serum HDL-C; APOE SNP rs7412, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene SNP rs10865710 with lower LDL-C, and CETP SNP rs1800775 with higher LDL-C; and APOE/C1/C4/C2 cluster SNP rs35136575 with lower serum TG. After treatment, APOB SNP rs676210 GG genotype was associated with larger reductions in TC and LDL-C and PPARG SNP rs10865710 CC genotype with greater TC reduction. All associations remained significant when adjusted for age, sex, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS In GHD adults, multiple SNPs in genes related to lipid metabolism contributed to individual differences in baseline serum lipid profile. The GH treatment response in TC and LDL-C was influenced by polymorphisms in the APOB and PPARG genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna J L Barbosa
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gröna Straket 8, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Castro R, Longui C, Faria C, Silva T, Richeti F, Rocha M, Melo M, Pereira W, Chamlian E, Rivetti L. Tissue-specific adaptive levels of glucocorticoid receptor alpha mRNA and their relationship with insulin resistance. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:3975-87. [DOI: 10.4238/2012.november.21.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Mormede P, Foury A, Barat P, Corcuff JB, Terenina E, Marissal-Arvy N, Moisan MP. Molecular genetics of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and function. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2011; 1220:127-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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van Leeuwen N, Caprio M, Blaya C, Fumeron F, Sartorato P, Ronconi V, Giacchetti G, Mantero F, Fernandes-Rosa FL, Simian C, Peyrard S, Zitman FG, Penninx BW, de Kloet ER, Azizi M, Jeunemaitre X, DeRijk RH, Zennaro MC. The Functional c.-2G>C Variant of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor Modulates Blood Pressure, Renin, and Aldosterone Levels. Hypertension 2010; 56:995-1002. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.155630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is essential in the regulation of volemia and blood pressure. Rare mutations in the MR gene cause type 1 pseudohypoaldosteronism and hypertension. In this study we characterized the common MR polymorphism c.-2G>C (rs2070951) in vitro and tested its influence on parameters related to blood pressure regulation and the renin-angiotensin system. In vitro studies showed that the G allele was associated with decreased MR protein levels and reduced transcriptional activation compared with the C allele. Association studies were performed with several outcome variables in 3 independent cohorts: a mild hypertensive group subjected to a salt-sensitivity test, a healthy normotensive group included in a crossover study to receive both a high and low Na/K diet, and a large cohort (The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety), in which blood pressure was measured. Subjects with the GG genotype had significantly higher plasma renin levels both in the mild hypertensive group and in normal volunteers compared with homozygous C carriers. The GG genotype was also correlated with higher plasma aldosterone levels in healthy subjects. In both the mild hypertensive group and The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety cohort the genotype GG was associated with higher systolic blood pressure in males. In conclusion, the G allele of the common functional genetic polymorphism c.-2G>C in the MR gene associates with increased activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and with increased blood pressure, probably related to decreased MR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke van Leeuwen
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Carolina Blaya
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Frédéric Fumeron
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Paola Sartorato
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Vanessa Ronconi
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Gilberta Giacchetti
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Franco Mantero
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Fabio L. Fernandes-Rosa
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Christophe Simian
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Sévrine Peyrard
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Frans G. Zitman
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Brenda W.J.H. Penninx
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - E. Ron de Kloet
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Michel Azizi
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Xavier Jeunemaitre
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Roel H. DeRijk
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
| | - Maria-Christina Zennaro
- From the Division of Medical Pharmacology/Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research (N.v.L., E.R.d.K., R.H.D.), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Clinical and Basic Research (M.C.), Department of Medical Sciences, Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy; Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Psychiatry (C.B.), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche
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