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Lu C, Yang F, He S, Yu H, Wang Q, Li M, Zeng X, Leng X. Serum proteome analysis identifies a potential biomarker for axial psoriatic arthritis. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:146. [PMID: 38429803 PMCID: PMC10908212 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify potential serum biomarkers for differentiating between axial psoriatic arthritis (axPsA) and peripheral psoriatic arthritis (pPsA). METHODS Serum samples were collected from patients with PsA to create a biomarker discovery cohort and a verification cohort. Patients with PsA were classified into axial or peripheral subtypes based on imaging criteria. Untargeted proteomics technology was used in the discovery phase to screen for biomarkers, and candidate biomarkers were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the verification phase. RESULTS We identified 45 significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between axPsA (n = 20) and pPsA (n = 20) with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Among these DEPs, serum pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was identified as a candidate biomarker using the Boruta algorithm and lasso regression. Results of ELISA further confirmed that the level of serum PEDF expression was significantly higher in axPsA (n = 37) than in pPsA (n = 51) at the verification cohort (37.9 ± 10.1 vs. 30.5 ± 8.9 μg/mL, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed that PEDF had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.72. Serum PEDF was positively correlated with body mass index and C-reactive protein. Additionally, there was a tendency towards a positive correlation between PEDF and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a comprehensive characterization of the proteome in axPsA and pPsA and identified a candidate biomarker, PEDF, that may contribute to early diagnosis for axPsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, No1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, No1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shihao He
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, No1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, Guizhou Xingyi People's Hospital, Xingyi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, No1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, No1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, No1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xiaomei Leng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, No1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Bogomolov A, Filonov S, Chadaeva I, Rasskazov D, Khandaev B, Zolotareva K, Kazachek A, Oshchepkov D, Ivanisenko VA, Demenkov P, Podkolodnyy N, Kondratyuk E, Ponomarenko P, Podkolodnaya O, Mustafin Z, Savinkova L, Kolchanov N, Tverdokhleb N, Ponomarenko M. Candidate SNP Markers Significantly Altering the Affinity of TATA-Binding Protein for the Promoters of Human Hub Genes for Atherogenesis, Atherosclerosis and Atheroprotection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109010. [PMID: 37240358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease in which focal lesions in arteries promote the build-up of lipoproteins and cholesterol they are transporting. The development of atheroma (atherogenesis) narrows blood vessels, reduces the blood supply and leads to cardiovascular diseases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death, which has been especially boosted since the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a variety of contributors to atherosclerosis, including lifestyle factors and genetic predisposition. Antioxidant diets and recreational exercises act as atheroprotectors and can retard atherogenesis. The search for molecular markers of atherogenesis and atheroprotection for predictive, preventive and personalized medicine appears to be the most promising direction for the study of atherosclerosis. In this work, we have analyzed 1068 human genes associated with atherogenesis, atherosclerosis and atheroprotection. The hub genes regulating these processes have been found to be the most ancient. In silico analysis of all 5112 SNPs in their promoters has revealed 330 candidate SNP markers, which statistically significantly change the affinity of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) for these promoters. These molecular markers have made us confident that natural selection acts against underexpression of the hub genes for atherogenesis, atherosclerosis and atheroprotection. At the same time, upregulation of the one for atheroprotection promotes human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Bogomolov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Sergey Filonov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Irina Chadaeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Rasskazov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Bato Khandaev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Karina Zolotareva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anna Kazachek
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- The Natural Sciences Department, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry Oshchepkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Ivanisenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Pavel Demenkov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nikolay Podkolodnyy
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Kondratyuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Petr Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga Podkolodnaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Zakhar Mustafin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ludmila Savinkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nikolay Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Natalya Tverdokhleb
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Vatannejad A, Salimi F, Moradi N, Fouani FZ, Zandieh Z, Ansaripour S, Sadeghi A, Fadaei R. Evaluation of angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) levels in polycystic ovary syndrome. Life Sci 2020; 263:118595. [PMID: 33075372 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) is recognized as a regulator of lipid metabolism. However, little is known about its association with insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) setting. The present study aimed to investigate the serum levels of ANGPTL3 and adiponectin in PCOS women compared to healthy controls. MAIN METHOD In this study, a total of 175 premenopausal women (117 PCOS and 58 non-PCOS) were enrolled. Serum concentrations of ANGPTL3, adiponectin, fasting insulin, and other hormonal variables were measured using ELISA technique. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that adiponectin levels were significantly lower in PCOS group than those of non-PCOS group. However, serum levels of ANGPTL3, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) were found to be higher in PCOS patients, when compared to non-PCOS ones. Moreover, serum ANGPTL3 positively correlated with BMI and serum triglyceride, while it inversely correlated with serum HDL-C in PCOS patients. SIGNIFICANCE Our results demonstrated that increased levels of ANGPTL3 correlated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in PCOS patients, highlighting the need for future studies targeting its role in the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Vatannejad
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fouzieh Salimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Fatima Zahraa Fouani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zandieh
- Shahid Akbar Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Ansaripour
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asie Sadeghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Reza Fadaei
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Ersoy AO, Tokmak A, Ozler S, Oztas E, Ersoy E, Celik HT, Erdamar H, Yilmaz N. Are progranulin levels associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and its possible metabolic effects in adolescents and young women? Arch Gynecol Obstet 2016; 294:403-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-016-4096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pigment epithelium-derived factor regulates microvascular permeability through adipose triglyceride lipase in sepsis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 129:49-61. [PMID: 25700221 DOI: 10.1042/cs20140631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PEDF induces vascular hyperpermeability by targeting the ATGL receptor, causing actin rearrangement and intercellular junctions disruption through activating RhoA. This damage can be arrested by PEDF-mAb or ATGL-shRNA, which may provide new potential therapeutic strategies for hyperpermeability in sepsis.
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Carnagarin R, Dharmarajan AM, Dass CR. PEDF-induced alteration of metabolism leading to insulin resistance. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 401:98-104. [PMID: 25462587 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is an anti-angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and neurotrophic serine protease inhibitor protein. PEDF is evolving as a novel metabolic regulatory protein that plays a causal role in insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is the central pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovarian disease, and metabolic syndrome, and PEDF is associated with them. The current evidence suggests that PEDF administration to animals induces insulin resistance, whereas neutralisation improves insulin sensitivity. Inflammation, lipolytic free fatty acid mobilisation, and mitochondrial dysfunction are the proposed mechanism of PEDF-mediated insulin resistance. This review summarises the probable mechanisms adopted by PEDF to induce insulin resistance, and identifies PEDF as a potential therapeutic target in ameliorating insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Carnagarin
- Curtin Biosciences Research Precinct, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Arunasalam M Dharmarajan
- Curtin Biosciences Research Precinct, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin Biosciences Research Precinct, Bentley 6102, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia.
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Spritzer PM, Lecke SB, Satler F, Morsch DM. Adipose tissue dysfunction, adipokines, and low-grade chronic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome. Reproduction 2015; 149:R219-27. [PMID: 25628442 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex condition that affects women of reproductive age, is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction and androgen excess. Women with PCOS present higher prevalence of obesity, central adiposity, and dyslipidemia, and face increased risk of type 2 diabetes. PCOS is closely linked to functional derangements in adipose tissue. Adipocytes seem to be prone to hypertrophy when exposed to androgen excess, as experienced by women with PCOS, and both adipose tissue hypertrophy and hyperandrogenism are related to insulin resistance. Hypertrophic adipocytes are more susceptible to inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, and release of free fatty acids. Disturbed secretion of adipokines may also impact the pathophysiology of PCOS through their influence on metabolism and on sex steroid secretion. Chronic low-grade inflammation in PCOS is also related to hyperandrogenism and to the hypertrophy of adipocytes, causing compression phenomena in the stromal vessels, leading to adipose tissue hypoperfusion and altered secretion of cytokines. Lifestyle changes are the first-line intervention for reducing metabolic risks in PCOS and the addition of an insulin-sensitizing drug might be required. Nevertheless, there is not sufficient evidence in favor of any specific pharmacologic therapies to directly oppose inflammation. Further studies are warranted to identify an adipokine that could serve as an indirect marker of adipocyte production in PCOS, representing a reliable sign of metabolic alteration in this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poli Mara Spritzer
- Gynecological Endocrinology UnitDivision of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, BrazilDepartment of Diagnostic MethodsUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil Gynecological Endocrinology UnitDivision of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, BrazilDepartment of Diagnostic MethodsUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sheila B Lecke
- Gynecological Endocrinology UnitDivision of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, BrazilDepartment of Diagnostic MethodsUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil Gynecological Endocrinology UnitDivision of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, BrazilDepartment of Diagnostic MethodsUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Satler
- Gynecological Endocrinology UnitDivision of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, BrazilDepartment of Diagnostic MethodsUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Debora M Morsch
- Gynecological Endocrinology UnitDivision of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP 90035-003 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, BrazilLaboratory of Molecular EndocrinologyDepartment of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, BrazilDepartment of Diagnostic MethodsUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Chuderland D, Ben-Ami I, Bar-Joseph H, Shalgi R. Role of pigment epithelium-derived factor in the reproductive system. Reproduction 2014; 148:R53-61. [PMID: 25049425 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The physiological function of the female reproductive organs is hormonally controlled. In each cycle, the reproductive organs undergo tissue modifications that are accompanied by formation and destruction of blood vessels. Proper angiogenesis requires an accurate balance between stimulatory and inhibitory signals, provided by pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. As with many other tissues, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) appears to be one of the major pro-angiogenic factors in the female reproductive organs. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a non-inhibitory member of the serine protease inhibitors (serpin) superfamily, possessing potent physiologic anti-angiogenic activity that negates VEGF activity. The role of PEDF in decreasing abnormal neovascularization by exerting its anti-angiogenic effect that inhibits pro-angiogenic factors, including VEGF, has been investigated mainly in the eye and in cancer. This review summarizes the function of PEDF in the reproductive system, showing its hormonal regulation and its anti-angiogenic activity. Furthermore, some pathologies of the female reproductive organs, including endometriosis, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, and others, are associated with a faulty angiogenic process. This review illuminates the role of PEDF in their pathogenesis and treatment. Collectively, we can conclude that although PEDF seems to play an essential role in the physiology and pathophysiology of the reproductive system, its full role and mechanism of action still need to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Chuderland
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologySackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, IsraelIVF and Infertility UnitDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center (Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University), Zerifin 70300, Israel
| | - Ido Ben-Ami
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologySackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, IsraelIVF and Infertility UnitDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center (Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University), Zerifin 70300, Israel
| | - Hadas Bar-Joseph
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologySackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, IsraelIVF and Infertility UnitDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center (Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University), Zerifin 70300, Israel
| | - Ruth Shalgi
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologySackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel-Aviv 69978, IsraelIVF and Infertility UnitDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center (Affiliated with the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University), Zerifin 70300, Israel
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