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Sanin AV, Pronin AV, Narovlyanskiy AN, Ozherelkov SV, Sedov AM. Phosphorilated Polyprenols as Universal Agents of Viral Reproduction Suppression. BIOLOGY BULLETIN REVIEWS 2022. [PMCID: PMC9749632 DOI: 10.1134/s207908642206007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Sanin
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. V. Pronin
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. N. Narovlyanskiy
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - S. V. Ozherelkov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immunobiological Preparations, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. M. Sedov
- Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Haran JP, Bradley E, Zeamer AL, Cincotta L, Salive MC, Dutta P, Mutaawe S, Anya O, Meza-Segura M, Moormann AM, Ward DV, McCormick BA, Bucci V. Inflammation-type dysbiosis of the oral microbiome associates with the duration of COVID-19 symptoms and long COVID. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e152346. [PMID: 34403368 PMCID: PMC8564890 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, many individuals experience prolonged symptoms, termed long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms (long COVID). Long COVID is thought to be linked to immune dysregulation due to harmful inflammation, with the exact causes being unknown. Given the role of the microbiome in mediating inflammation, we aimed to examine the relationship between the oral microbiome and the duration of long COVID symptoms. Tongue swabs were collected from patients presenting with COVID-19 symptoms. Confirmed infections were followed until resolution of all symptoms. Bacterial composition was determined by metagenomic sequencing. We used random forest modeling to identify microbiota and clinical covariates that are associated with long COVID symptoms. Of the patients followed, 63% developed ongoing symptomatic COVID-19 and 37% went on to long COVID. Patients with prolonged symptoms had significantly higher abundances of microbiota that induced inflammation, such as members of the genera Prevotella and Veillonella, which, of note, are species that produce LPS. The oral microbiome of patients with long COVID was similar to that of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Altogether, our findings suggest an association with the oral microbiome and long COVID, revealing the possibility that dysfunction of the oral microbiome may have contributed to this draining disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Haran
- Department of Emergency Medicine.,Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems.,Program in Microbiome Dynamics, and
| | - Evan Bradley
- Department of Emergency Medicine.,Program in Microbiome Dynamics, and
| | - Abigail L Zeamer
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems.,Program in Microbiome Dynamics, and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ann M Moormann
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Doyle V Ward
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems.,Program in Microbiome Dynamics, and
| | - Beth A McCormick
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems.,Program in Microbiome Dynamics, and
| | - Vanni Bucci
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems.,Program in Microbiome Dynamics, and
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Pronin AV, Narovlyansky AN, Sanin AV. New Approaches to the Prevention and Treatment of Viral Diseases. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:10. [PMID: 33811524 PMCID: PMC8019082 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00613-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses a new approach to the prevention and treatment of viral infections based on the use of pine needles polyprenyl phosphate (PPP) and associated with the infringement of prenylation process-the attachment of farnesol or geranyl geraniol to the viral protein. Currently, prenylation has been detected in type 1 adenovirus, hepatitis C virus, several herpes viruses, influenza virus, HIV. However, this list is far from complete, given that prenylated proteins play an extremely important role in the activity of the virus. We assume that the interferon produced in response to PPP may suppress expression of the SREBP2 transcription factor. As a result, the mevalonic acid pathway is violated and, as a result, the formation of early polyprenols precursors (geraniol, geranyl geraniol, farnesol), which are necessary for the prenylation of viral proteins, is blocked and the formation of mature, virulent virus particles is broken. As a consequence, the maturation of viral particles is inhibited, and defective particles are formed. Polyprenol was extracted from greenery (pine, fir and spruce needles, mulberry leaves, etc.), purified by chromatography, phosphorylated and identified by HPLC and NMR. Obtained PPP was used as antiviral in some experimental models in vitro and in vivo. During numerous studies, it was found that PPP manifested versatile antiviral effects, both in vitro and in vivo. The maximum effect was observed with viruses in which the presence of prenylated proteins was established, namely influenza A virus, HIV-1, tick-borne encephalitis virus, hepatitis A and C viruses, herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2, some coronavirus. The available data obtained both in the experimental conditions and during clinical trials allow us to regard PPPs as safe and effective medicine for prevention and treatment of viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Pronin
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Gamaleya 18, Moscow, Russia, 123098.
| | - Alexander N Narovlyansky
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Gamaleya 18, Moscow, Russia, 123098
| | - Alexander V Sanin
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Gamaleya 18, Moscow, Russia, 123098
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Angiolillo A, Leccese D, Palazzo M, Vizzarri F, Casamassima D, Corino C, Di Costanzo A. Effects of Lippia citriodora Leaf Extract on Lipid and Oxidative Blood Profile of Volunteers with Hypercholesterolemia: A Preliminary Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040521. [PMID: 33801586 PMCID: PMC8065633 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lippia citriodora is a plant traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antispasmodic effects, as well as for additional biological activities proven in cell culture, animal studies and a small number of human clinical trials. The plant has also shown a marked improvement in blood lipid profile in some animal species. In the present preliminary study, we investigated the effect of a leaf extract on lipid and oxidative blood profile of hypercholesterolemic volunteers. Twelve adults received Lippia citriodora extract caps, containing 23% phenylpropanoids, (100 mg, once a day) for 16 weeks. Selected blood lipids and plasma oxidative markers were measured at baseline and after 4, 8 and 16 weeks of treatment. Compared with baseline, total cholesterol levels significantly decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides showed only a downward trend. Oxidative status was improved due to a decrease in the concentration of total oxidant status, reactive oxygen metabolites and malondialdehyde, and a significant increase in ferric reducing ability of plasma, vitamin A and vitamin E. These preliminary results suggest that dietary supplementation with Lippia citriodora extract can improve the lipid profile, enhance blood antioxidant power, and could be a valuable natural compound for the management of human hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Angiolillo
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (D.L.); (A.D.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Deborah Leccese
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (D.L.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Marisa Palazzo
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Francesco Vizzarri
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Donato Casamassima
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Carlo Corino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy;
| | - Alfonso Di Costanzo
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (D.L.); (A.D.C.)
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16-Hydroxy-Lycopersene, a Polyisoprenoid Alcohol Isolated from Tournefortia hirsutissima, Inhibits Nitric Oxide Production in RAW 264.7 Cells and Induces Apoptosis in Hep3B Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132366. [PMID: 31248041 PMCID: PMC6651038 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Three polyisoprenoid alcohols were isolated from the leaves of Tournefortia hirsutissima by a bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation. The compounds were identified as 16-hydroxy-lycopersene (Compound 1), (Z8,E3,ω)-dodecaprenol (Compound 2) and (Z9,E3,ω)-tridecaprenol (Compound 3). Compound 1, an unusual polyisoprenoid, was characterized by 1D and 2D NMR. We also determined the absolute configuration at C-16 by the modified Mosher’s method. The in vitro antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Among isolates, Compound 1 moderately inhibited the nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. On the other hand, Compound 1 displayed selective antiproliferative activity against HeLa, PC3, HepG2 and Hep3B cancer cells and was less potent against IHH non-cancerous cells. Compound 1 in Hep3B cells showed significant inhibition of cell cycle progression increasing the sub-G1 phase, suggesting cell death. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining demonstrated that cell death induced by Compound 1 in cells Hep3B was by apoptosis. Further study showed that apoptosis induced by Compound 1 in Hep3b cells is associated with the increase of the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, and caspase 3/7 activation. These results suggest that Compound 1 induce apoptotic cell death by the mitochondrial pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first report about the presence of polyprenol Compounds 1–3 in T. hirsutissima, and the apoptotic and anti-inflammatory action of Compound 1.
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Danilova TA, Danilina GA, Adzhieva AA, Minko AG, Nikolaeva TN, Zhukhovitskii VG, Pronin AV. Effects of Miramistin and Phosprenil on Microbial Biofilms. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:439-442. [PMID: 28853090 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3823-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Effects of Miramistin and Phosprenil on biofilms of S. pyogenes, S. aureus, E. coli, L. acidophilus, and L. plantarum were studied. Significant differences in the effects of these substances on mature biofilms of microorganisms and the process of their formation were observed. Miramistin had significant inhibiting effects on the forming of biofilms and on the formed biofilms of all studied microorganisms. Treatment with Miramistin inhibited biofilm formation by 2-3 times compared to the control. This effect was found already after using of Miramistin in the low doses (3.12 μg/ml). Inhibition of the growth of a formed biofilm was observed only after treatment with Miramistin in the high doses (25-50 μg/ml). Phosprenil in the high doses (15-30 mg/ml) inhibited the forming of biofilms, especially the biofilms of S. pyogenes and L. plantarum (by 3-4.5 times). Treatment of formed biofilms with the agent in doses of 6.0 and 0.6 mg/ml was associated with pronounced stimulation of its growth in S. pyogenes, S. aureus, and L. acidophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Danilova
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia.
| | - G A Danilina
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Adzhieva
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Minko
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia
| | - T N Nikolaeva
- Laboratory of Natural Immunity, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - V G Zhukhovitskii
- Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructural Analysis of Microorganisms, Moscow, Russia.,I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Pronin
- Laboratory of Natural Immunity, N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Fedotova J, Soultanov V, Nikitina T, Roschin V, Ordyan N, Hritcu L. Ropren® treatment reverses anxiety-like behavior and monoamines levels in gonadectomized rat model of Alzheimer’s disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:1444-1455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Pronin AV, Narovlyansky AN, Shulzhenko AE, Sanin AV, Sedov AM. New polyprenyl phosphate based preparation Fortepren(®) as promising cytokine regulationg antiviral remedy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 30:119-26. [PMID: 27235090 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fortepren(®), a product of the phosphorylation of polyprenols from fir needles (with sodium polyprenyl phosphate being the main active ingredient), belongs to the class of antiviral drugs with immunomodulating activity. Fortepren(®) may be used as the drug of choice in the treatment of herpes diseases. It was shown that treatment with Fortepren(®) of patients with a chronic recurrent herpes infection after acute phase termination with acyclovir decreased the recurrence rate, as well as the severity of local symptoms. Fortepren(®) treatment of patients with a high incidence of recurrent herpes infection led to an increase in the interferon-producing ability of leucocytes stimulated with NDV, as well as in the production of key cytokines (IL-1β, IL-15, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-12 (p40), TNF-α, IFN-α2, IL-12 (p70), IL-6) taking part in the protection against viral infection. Data suggest that the action of the drug is directed, first of all, to the cells responsible for the natural resistance of the organism (macrophages, dendritic cells, etc.). The activation of natural immunity appears to be a leading mechanism of protection from herpesviral infection under the influence of polyprenyl phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Pronin
- N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 18, Gamaleya Str., Moscow 123098, Russia.
| | - Alexander N Narovlyansky
- N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 18, Gamaleya Str., Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Andrey E Shulzhenko
- National Research Center Institute of Immunology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, 24-2, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115478, Russia
| | - Alexander V Sanin
- N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 18, Gamaleya Str., Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Alexander M Sedov
- N. F. Gamaleya Federal Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 18, Gamaleya Str., Moscow 123098, Russia
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Muceniece R, Namniece J, Nakurte I, Jekabsons K, Riekstina U, Jansone B. Pharmacological research on natural substances in Latvia: Focus on lunasin, betulin, polyprenol and phlorizin. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:760-770. [PMID: 27109319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this concise review the current research in plant bioactive compound studies in Latvia is described. The paper summarizes recent studies on substances from edible plants (e.g., cereals and apples) or their synthetic analogues, such as peptide lunasin, as well as substances isolated from inedible plants (e.g., birch and conifer), such as pentacyclic triterpenes (e.g., betulin, betulinic acid, and lupeol) and polyprenols. Latvian researchers have been first to demonstrate the presence of lunasin in triticale and oats. Additionally, the impact of genotype on the levels of lunasin in cereals was shown. Pharmacological studies have revealed effects of lunasin and synthetic triterpenes on the central nervous system in rodents. We were first to show that synthetic lunasin causes a marked neuroleptic/cataleptic effect and that betulin antagonizes bicuculline-induced seizures (a GABA A receptor antagonist). Studies on the mechanisms of action showed that lunasin binds to dopamine D1 receptors and betulin binds to melanocortin and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors therefore we suggest that these receptors play an essential role in lunasin's and betulin's central effects. Recent studies on conifer polyprenols demonstrated the ability of polyprenols to prevent statin-induced muscle weakness in a rat model. Another study on plant compounds has demonstrated the anti-hyperglycemic activity of phlorizin-containing unripe apple pomace in healthy volunteers. In summary, research into plant-derived compounds in Latvia has been focused on fractionating, isolating and characterizing of lunasin, triterpenes, polyprenols and phlorizin using in vitro, and in vivo assays, and human observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Muceniece
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia.
| | - Jana Namniece
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Ilva Nakurte
- Department of Physical chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Jekabsons
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Una Riekstina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV1586, Latvia
| | - Baiba Jansone
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Blvd, Riga, LV1586, Latvia
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Cognitive-enhancing activities of the polyprenol preparation Ropren® in gonadectomized β-amyloid (25–35) rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Physiol Behav 2016; 157:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Soultanov V, Fedotova J, Nikitina T, Roschin V, Ordyan N, Hritcu L. Antidepressant-Like Effect of Ropren® in β-Amyloid-(25–35) Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease with Altered Levels of Androgens. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2611-2621. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of flavocoxid in high-cholesterol-fed rabbits. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:1333-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zetina-Esquivel AM, Tovilla-Zárate CA, Guzmán-Garcia C, Rodríguez-Hernández A, Castell-Rodríguez AE, Ble-Castillo JL, Avila-Fernandez A, Juárez-Rojop IE, Díaz-Zagoya JC. Effect of <i>Carica papaya</i> Leaf Extract on Serum Lipids and Liver Metabolic Parameters of Rats Fed a High Cholesterol Diet. Health (London) 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2015.79134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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