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Fakir S, Kubra KT, Akhter MS, Uddin MA, Barabutis N. Protective effects of growth hormone - releasing hormone antagonists in the lungs of septic mice. Cell Signal 2024; 121:111260. [PMID: 38871041 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists (GHRHAnt) have been associated with antitumor and antioxidative activities. The present study investigates for the first time the effects of those compounds towards pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in a murine model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) - induced sepsis. The results indicate that GHRHAnt JV-1-36 significantly suppressed IL-1α, IL-6, and pSTAT3 activation in septic lungs. Moreover, GHRHAnt treatment reduced bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein concentration, suggesting a protective effect of that compound in sepsis-induced lung edema. Based on those findings, it is suggested that GHRHAnt may represent an exciting new therapeutic possibility in sepsis-induced endotoxemia and lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Fakir
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohammad Shohel Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohammad Afaz Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
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Barabutis N, Akhter MS. Unfolded protein response suppression potentiates LPS-induced barrier dysfunction and inflammation in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Tissue Barriers 2024; 12:2232245. [PMID: 37436424 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2023.2232245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel strategies to counteract diseases related to barrier dysfunction is a priority, since sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome are still associated with high mortality rates. In the present study, we focus on the effects of the unfolded protein response suppressor (UPR) 4-Phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) in Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced endothelial injury, to investigate the effects of that compound in the corresponding damage. 4-PBA suppressed binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) - a UPR activation marker - and potentiated LPS - induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and extracellular signal‑regulated protein kinase (ERK) 1/2 activation. In addition to those effects, 4-PBA enhanced paracellular hyperpermeability in inflamed bovine pulmonary endothelial cells, and did not affect cell viability in moderate concentrations. Our observations suggest that UPR suppression due to 4-PBA augments LPS-induced endothelial injury, as well as the corresponding barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
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Fakir S, Barabutis N. Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists counteract interferon-γ - induced barrier dysfunction in bovine and human endothelial cells. Cytokine 2024; 173:156416. [PMID: 37952313 PMCID: PMC10842054 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
GHRH regulates the secretion of GH from the anterior pituitary gland. An emerging body of evidence suggests that the activities of that neuropeptide are not limited to the GH/IGF-I axis, but they expand towards the mediation of inflammatory processes. GHRHAnt were developed to oppose the activities of GHRH in malignancies, and have been associated with strong anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in a diverse variety of tissues, including the lungs. In the present study we report that GHRHAnt oppose interferon-γ - induced paracellular hyperpermeability and reactive oxygen species generation in bovine and human pulmonary endothelial cells; and suppress interferon-γ - triggered STAT3, cofilin and ERK1/2 activation. Our observations substantiate previous findings on the protective effects of GHRHAnt in endothelial inflammation and barrier break-down.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Fakir
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
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Barabutis N, Fakir S. Growth hormone-releasing hormone beyond cancer. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2024; 51:40-41. [PMID: 37750473 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - Saikat Fakir
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
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Hanyu F, Zheng H, Jiaqi W, Tairan D, Yiyuanzi Z, Qiwen Y, Ying L, Hongchun Z, Lu L. Protective effects and mechanism of curcumin in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis: a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1258885. [PMID: 37900163 PMCID: PMC10613035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: At present, there is a lack of effective treatment for pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and a number of studies have confirmed that curcumin (CUR) has a good effect on PF. Research Qusetion: Is CUR effective in preclinical trials for PF and what is its mechanism of action? Methods: Animal reports of PF treated with CUR were searched from Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from 1 January 2000 to 19 April 2023 to compare CUR treatment of PF with a no-intervention model group. A previous registration (nsply registration number: INPLASY202360084) of this review protocol was undertaken. Results: The meta-analysis included 27 publications and 29 studies involving 396 animals. CUR significantly improved the degree of fibrosis, levels of inflammation, and oxidative imbalances in lung tissue in animal models of PF. In terms fibrosis, such as HYP content (SMD = -4.96; 95% CI = -6.05 to -3.87; p = 0.000).In terms of inflammatory indicators, such as MPO activity (SMD = -2.12; 95% CI = -4.93 to 0.69; p = 0.000). In terms of oxidation index, such as MDA (SMD = -5.63; 95% CI = -9.66 to -1.6; p = 0.000). Conclusion: CUR significantly improved the degree of fibrosis, levels of inflammation, and oxidative imbalances in lung tissue in animal models of PF. Due to the quantitative and qualitative limitations of current research, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hanyu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Jiaqi
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Tairan
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Yiyuanzi
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Qiwen
- Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Ying
- The Second Health and Medical Department, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Hongchun
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Pulmonary Diseases, Jining Hospital of Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Jining, Shandong, China
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Barabutis N. Activating transcription factor 6 in the endothelial context. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2023; 80:102216. [PMID: 37121466 PMCID: PMC10155510 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2023.102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA, 71201, USA.
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Barabutis N, Siejka A, Akhter MS. Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists counteract hydrogen peroxide - induced paracellular hyperpermeability in endothelial cells. Growth Horm IGF Res 2023; 69-70:101534. [PMID: 37210756 PMCID: PMC10247445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2023.101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) is a hypothalamic peptide which regulates the release of Growth Hormone from the anterior pituitary gland, and has been involved in inflammatory processes. On the other hand, GHRH antagonists (GHRHAnt) were developed to counteract those effects. Herein we demonstrate for the first time that GHRHAnt can suppress hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) - induced paracellular hyperpermeability in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and barrier dysfunction have been associated with the development of potentially lethal disorders, including sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our study supports the protective actions of GHRHAnt in the impaired endothelium, and suggests that those compounds represent an exciting therapeutic possibility towards lung inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | - Agnieszka Siejka
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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Barabutis N, Kubra KT, Akhter MS. Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists protect against hydrochloric acid-induced endothelial injury in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 99:104113. [PMID: 36940786 PMCID: PMC10111240 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) regulates the synthesis of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland, and it is involved in inflammatory responses. On the other hand, GHRH antagonists (GHRHAnt) exhibit the opposite effects, resulting in endothelial barrier enhancement. Exposure to hydrochloric acid (HCL) is associated with acute and chronic lung injury. In this study, we investigate the effects of GHRHAnt in HCL-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction, utilizing commercially available bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC). Cell viability was measured by utilizing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Moreover, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran was used to assess barrier function. Our observations suggest that GHRHAnt exert protective effects against HCL-induced endothelial breakdown, since those peptides counteract HCL-triggered paracellular hyperpermeability. Based on those findings, we propose that GHRHAnt represent a new therapeutic approach towards HCL-induced endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | - Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | - Mohammad S Akhter
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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Barabutis N, Akhter MS, Kubra KT, Jackson K. Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Endothelial Inflammation. Endocrinology 2022; 164:6887354. [PMID: 36503995 PMCID: PMC9923806 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of hypothalamic hormones propelled exciting advances in pharmacotherapy and improved life quality worldwide. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is a crucial element in homeostasis maintenance, and regulates the release of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland. Accumulating evidence suggests that this neuropeptide can also promote malignancies, as well as inflammation. Our review is focused on the role of that 44 - amino acid peptide (GHRH) and its antagonists in inflammation and vascular function, summarizing recent findings in the corresponding field. Preclinical studies demonstrate the protective role of GHRH antagonists against endothelial barrier dysfunction, suggesting that the development of those peptides may lead to new therapies against pathologies related to vascular remodeling (eg, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome). Targeted therapies for those diseases do not exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- Correspondence: Nektarios Barabutis, MSc, PhD, School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, 1800 Bienville Dr, Monroe, LA 71201, USA.
| | | | - Khadeja-Tul Kubra
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
| | - Keith Jackson
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
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Abstract
Endothelial barrier dysfunction is associated with sepsis and lung injury, both direct and indirect. We discuss the involvement of unfolded protein response in the protective effects of heat shock protein 90 inhibitors and growth hormone releasing hormone antagonists in the vascular barrier, to reveal new possibilities in acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA, USA
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