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Wang T, Wang M, Wang J, Li Z, Yuan Y. Modulatory effects of low-intensity retinal ultrasound stimulation on rapid and non-rapid eye movement sleep. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae143. [PMID: 38602742 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior investigations have established that the manipulation of neural activity has the potential to influence both rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep. Low-intensity retinal ultrasound stimulation has shown effectiveness in the modulation of neural activity. Nevertheless, the specific effects of retinal ultrasound stimulation on rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep, as well as its potential to enhance overall sleep quality, remain to be elucidated. Here, we found that: In healthy mice, retinal ultrasound stimulation: (i) reduced total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement sleep ratio; (ii) changed relative power and sample entropy of the delta (0.5-4 Hz) in non-rapid eye movement sleep; and (iii) enhanced relative power of the theta (4-8 Hz) and reduced theta-gamma coupling strength in rapid eye movement sleep. In Alzheimer's disease mice with sleep disturbances, retinal ultrasound stimulation: (i) reduced the total sleep time; (ii) altered the relative power of the gamma band during rapid eye movement sleep; and (iii) enhanced the coupling strength of delta-gamma in non-rapid eye movement sleep and weakened the coupling strength of theta-fast gamma. The results indicate that retinal ultrasound stimulation can modulate rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement-related neural activity; however, it is not beneficial to the sleep quality of healthy and Alzheimer's disease mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Mengran Wang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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2
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Jing X, Yan JH. Brain mechanisms of mental processing: from evoked and spontaneous brain activities to enactive brain activity. PSYCHORADIOLOGY 2023; 3:kkad010. [PMID: 38666106 PMCID: PMC10917368 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Within the context of the computer metaphor, evoked brain activity acts as a primary carrier for the brain mechanisms of mental processing. However, many studies have found that evoked brain activity is not the major part of brain activity. Instead, spontaneous brain activity exhibits greater intensity and coevolves with evoked brain activity through continuous interaction. Spontaneous and evoked brain activities are similar but not identical. They are not separate parts, but always dynamically interact with each other. Therefore, the enactive cognition theory further states that the brain is characterized by unified and active patterns of activity. The brain adjusts its activity pattern by minimizing the error between expectation and stimulation, adapting to the ever-changing environment. Therefore, the dynamic regulation of brain activity in response to task situations is the core brain mechanism of mental processing. Beyond the evoked brain activity and spontaneous brain activity, the enactive brain activity provides a novel framework to completely describe brain activities during mental processing. It is necessary for upcoming researchers to introduce innovative indicators and paradigms for investigating enactive brain activity during mental processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Xiujuan Jing
- Tianfu College of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Jin H Yan
- Sports Psychology Department, China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing 100061, China
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3
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McWilliams K, Kaplan A, Eline EE, Kaminer I, Zodrow S, Petersen J, Williams JM, Osipowicz K. Cortical Semantization of Autobiographical Memory over Subjective Chronological Time: an fMRI Study. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:1798-1809. [PMID: 35304784 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The content and neural representation of autobiographical memories change over time, however, these changes are poorly understood. We hypothesize that the content of memories becomes semanticized, while the neural representation moves from mesial to cortical structures. We conducted an fMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) study on the effects of time on autobiographical memory retrieval. Twenty healthy participants were cued by a selection of photographs that represented distinct episodic memories from 1, 2, 6, and 14 years prior to scanning. Our behavioral data of self-report measures of memory qualia suggests a loss of episodic content over time. GLM (General Linear Model) results demonstrate that across all time points, visual association cortices and mesial temporal lobes were activated. However, we did not observe any GLM differences between memory time-points. We used SVM (Support Vector Machine) in order to predict memory time-point based on neural activation patterns. We were able to accurately predict classification accuracy for the one year (66.7%), two year (66.7%), and fourteen year (33.4%) memory time points, with an overall classification accuracy of 55.6%. We suggest that our findings can be interpreted in light of cortical semantization; as memories age, they become more semanticized and shift in representation towards cortical structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ellen E Eline
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Shauna Zodrow
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Julie Petersen
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Karol Osipowicz
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
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4
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Massadeh AM, Alzoubi KH, Milhem AM, Rababa'h AM, Khabour OF. Evaluating the effect of selenium on spatial memory impairment induced by sleep deprivation. Physiol Behav 2022; 244:113669. [PMID: 34871651 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs memory due to disturbing oxidative stress parameters. Selenium is a main component of several antioxidant enzymes and provides a neuroprotective effect. The present study aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of chronic selenium administration on cognitive impairments induced by chronic SD. Adult male Wister rats were randomly assigned into five groups (n = 12/group). The SD was induced in rats using modified multiple platform model. Selenium (6 µg/kg of animal's body weight) was administered to rats via oral gavage for 6 weeks. The spatial learning and memory were assessed using the radial arm water maze (RAWM). Moreover, we measured the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and GSH/GSSG, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. The results indicate that short- and long-term memory were impaired by chronic sleep deprivation (P < 0.05), while selenium administration prevented this effect. Moreover, selenium normalized antioxidants activities which were reduced by SD such as: catalase (P < 0.05), and SOD (P < 0.05), and significantly enhanced the ratio of GSH/GSSG in sleep-deprived rats (P < 0.05), without significant alteration of BDNF (P > 0.05), GSH (P > 0.05), or TBARS levels (P > 0.05). In conclusion, chronic SD induced memory impairment, and chronic treatment with selenium prevented this impairment by normalizing antioxidant enzymes activities in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan M Massadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110 Jordan.
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Amal M Milhem
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Abeer M Rababa'h
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Omar F Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110 Jordan
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Lian J, Luo Y, Zheng M, Zhang J, Liang J, Wen J, Guo X. Sleep-Dependent Anomalous Cortical Information Interaction in Patients With Depression. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:736426. [PMID: 35069093 PMCID: PMC8772413 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.736426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent mental illness with high morbidity and is considered the main cause of disability worldwide. Brain activity while sleeping is reported to be affected by such mental illness. To explore the change of cortical information flow during sleep in depressed patients, a delay symbolic phase transfer entropy of scalp electroencephalography signals was used to measure effective connectivity between cortical regions in various frequency bands and sleep stages. The patient group and the control group shared similar patterns of information flow between channels during sleep. Obvious information flows to the left hemisphere and to the anterior cortex were found. Moreover, the occiput tended to be the information driver, whereas the frontal regions played the role of the receiver, and the right hemispheric regions showed a stronger information drive than the left ones. Compared with healthy controls, such directional tendencies in information flow and the definiteness of role division in cortical regions were both weakened in patients in most frequency bands and sleep stages, but the beta band during the N1 stage was an exception. The computable sleep-dependent cortical interaction may provide clues to characterize cortical abnormalities in depressed patients and should be helpful for the diagnosis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakai Lian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minglong Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuxing Liang
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Wen
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Superior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus connectivity mediates the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1400-1409. [PMID: 35041138 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Thought suppression, which is defined as an effort "not to think about" a particular thought, is essential to maintain good mental health. Despite previous functional imaging studies on thought suppression and related functional activity, the neural basis of thought suppression in individual difference is still unclear. Many studies have focused on the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression; however, the neural basis of this relationship is not well known. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the neural basis of thought suppression and further explored the neural mechanisms underlying the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression. The first step was to use voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate the neuroanatomical basis of thought suppression in healthy subjects. We found a significant positive correlation between thought suppression and the gray matter volume (GMV) of the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). The second step was to use resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) to investigate the neural functional basis of thought suppression. The results showed that thought suppression was positively correlated with rsFC between the right SFG and the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Interestingly, the relationship between neuroticism and thought suppression was mediated by the strength of rsFC between the right SFG and the left MTG. The results suggest that better ability to suppress unwanted intrusive thoughts is supported by greater GMV of the right SFG and stronger functional connectivity between the SFG and MTG. They also indicate that weak rsFC between the SFG and MTG can partly explain the negative association between neuroticism and thought suppression.
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Torres-Lopez LV, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Migueles JH, Esteban-Cornejo I, Molina-Garcia P, H. Hillman C, Catena A, Ortega FB. Does sleep-disordered breathing add to impairments in academic performance and brain structure usually observed in children with overweight/obesity? Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:2055-2065. [PMID: 35142932 PMCID: PMC9056447 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Approximately 4-11% of children suffer from sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and children with obesity are at increased risk. Both obesity and SDB have been separately associated with poorer brain health, yet whether SDB severity affects brain health in children with obesity remains unanswered. This study aimed to examine associations of SDB severity with academic performance and brain structure (i.e., total brain and gray and white matter volumes and gray matter volume in the hippocampus) in children with overweight/obesity. One hundred nine children aged 8-12 years with overweight/obesity were included. SDB severity and its subscales (i.e., snoring, daytime sleepiness, and inattention/hyperactivity) were evaluated via the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), and academic performance was evaluated with the Woodcock-Muñoz standardized test and school grades. Brain structure was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. SDB severity was not associated with academic performance measured by the standardized test (all |β|> 0.160, P > 0.076), yet it was associated with the school grade point average (β = -0.226, P = 0.007) and natural and social science grades (β = -0.269, P = 0.024). Intention/hyperactivity seemed to drive these associations. No associations were found between SDB severity and the remaining school grades (all β < -0.188, P > 0.065) or brain volumes (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study shows that SDB severity was associated with lower school grades, yet it was not associated with the standardized measurement of academic performance or with brain volumes in children with overweight/obesity. SDB severity may add to academic problems in children beyond the effects contributed by overweight/obesity status alone. WHAT IS KNOWN • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may affect brain structure and academic performance in children. • Children with overweight/obesity are at higher risk for the development of SDB, yet the comorbid obesity-SDB relationship with brain health has not been investigated thus far. WHAT IS NEW • To our knowledge, this is the first study examining the associations of comorbid obesity-SDB severity with brain volumes and academic performance in children. • SDB symptoms may adversely affect academic performance at school in children with overweight/obesity, beyond the effects of weight status alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia V. Torres-Lopez
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, 18011 Spain
| | - Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, 18011 Spain ,Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in the Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jairo H. Migueles
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, 18011 Spain ,Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden ,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14183 Sweden
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, 18011 Spain
| | - Pablo Molina-Garcia
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, 18011 Spain
| | - Charles H. Hillman
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Department of Psychology, Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Andres Catena
- School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco B. Ortega
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, 18011 Spain ,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14183 Sweden ,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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8
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Hudson M, Johnson MI. Split-Second Unlearning: Developing a Theory of Psychophysiological Dis-ease. Front Psychol 2021; 12:716535. [PMID: 34912263 PMCID: PMC8666476 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychophysiological “stress” underpins many conditions including anxiety, depression, phobias, chronic fatigue syndrome and non-specific musculoskeletal pain such as fibromyalgia. In this article we develop an understanding of chronic psychophysiological stress from a psychological educational perspective, by drawing on supporting evidence that significant emotional events in early life (traumatic and benign) can influence health and well-being later in life. We suggest that traumatic events instigate psychophysiological “stress” responses and the formation of emotional memory images (EMIs) within very short time frames, i.e., “split-second learning.” Once formed these emotional memories are triggered in daily living “re-playing” psychophysiological stress responses, resulting in chronic psychophysiological “dis-ease.” We describe a novel therapeutic approach to scan clients for mannerisms signifying a subconscious “freeze-like” stress response that involves the client as a curious observer within their own experience, feeding back the non-verbal cues as they arrive in the moment. By breaking down the observable fragments of their split-second Pavlovian response to the trigger, clients can detach their EMI from the psychophysiology stress response, i.e., “split-second unlearning.” Our split-second unlearning model recognizes the EMI as a barrier to moving forward and needs to be unlearned before the client can become naturally adaptive again. We argue that this approach places the client at the center of the work without the need of getting bogged down in a life-long narrative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark I Johnson
- Centre for Pain Research, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
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10
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Migueles JH, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Esteban-Cornejo I, Mora-Gonzalez J, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Solis-Urra P, Erickson KI, Kramer AF, Hillman CH, Catena A, Ortega FB. Associations of sleep with gray matter volume and their implications for academic achievement, executive function and intelligence in children with overweight/obesity. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12707. [PMID: 32790234 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with overweight/obesity have poorer sleep and smaller gray matter volume (GMV) than normal-weight children. No studies have investigated the associations of objectively-assessed sleep and GMV in children with overweight/obesity, or their implications for academic and cognitive outcomes. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations of sleep behaviors with GMV in the whole brain and particularly the hippocampus as a region of interest independent of sedentary time (SED) and physical activity; and to assess whether GMV in the associated regions was related to academic achievement, executive function and intelligence quotient (IQ). METHODS Ninety-six children with overweight/obesity (10 ± 1 year) were included. Sleep behaviors were assessed with accelerometers. GMV was acquired by magnetic resonance imaging. Academic achievement, executive function and IQ were assessed with separate tests. Analyses were adjusted for sex, peak height velocity and parent education as well as SED and physical activity. RESULTS Earlier wake time, less time in bed, wakening after sleep onset (WASO) and WASO occurrences were associated with higher GMV in eight cortical brain regions (k:56-448, P's < .001). Longer total sleep time, higher sleep efficiency and less WASO time were associated with higher GMV in the right hippocampus (β:0.187-0.220, P's < .05). The inferior temporal, fusiform, supramarginal, and postcentral gyri, the superior parietal cortex, precuneus and hippocampus associated with academic achievement and/or IQ. Associations remained after adjustments for SED and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Sleep behaviors are associated with GMV in multiple cortical regions including the right hippocampus in children with overweight/obesity, which in turn, were associated with academic achievement and IQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairo H Migueles
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,MOVE-IT Research Group and Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Spain
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Mora-Gonzalez
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Rodriguez-Ayllon
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Patricio Solis-Urra
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andres Catena
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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11
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Lewandowsky S, Ecker UK, Farrell S, Brown GD. Models of cognition and constraints from neuroscience: A case study involving consolidation. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-9536.2011.00042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Lewandowsky
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Ullrich K.h. Ecker
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Simon Farrell
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Psychology Department, University of Bristol, Bristol
| | - Gordon D.a. Brown
- School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
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12
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Muehlroth BE, Rasch B, Werkle-Bergner M. Episodic memory consolidation during sleep in healthy aging. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 52:101304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Christensen J, Noel M, Mychasiuk R. Neurobiological mechanisms underlying the sleep-pain relationship in adolescence: A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 96:401-413. [PMID: 30621863 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence characterizes a period of significant change in brain structure and function, causing the neural circuitry to be particularly susceptible to the environment and various other experiences. Chronic pain and sleep deprivation represent major health issues that plague adolescence. A bidirectional relationship exists between sleep and pain; however, emerging evidence suggests that sleep disturbances have a stronger influence on subsequent pain than vice versa. The neurobiological underpinnings of this relationship, particularly during adolescence, are poorly understood. This review examines the current literature regarding sleep and pain in adolescence, with a particular focus on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying pain, sleep problems, and the neural circuitry that potentially links the two. Finally, a research agenda is outlined to stimulate future research on this topic. Given the high prevalence of these health issues during adolescence and the debilitating effects they inflict on nearly every domain of development, it is crucial that we determine the neurobiological mechanisms fundamental to this relationship and identify potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennaya Christensen
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Canada
| | - Melanie Noel
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Canada
| | - Richelle Mychasiuk
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Canada.
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14
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Ciliberti D, Michon F, Kloosterman F. Real-time classification of experience-related ensemble spiking patterns for closed-loop applications. eLife 2018; 7:36275. [PMID: 30373716 PMCID: PMC6207426 DOI: 10.7554/elife.36275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Communication in neural circuits across the cortex is thought to be mediated by spontaneous temporally organized patterns of population activity lasting ~50 –200 ms. Closed-loop manipulations have the unique power to reveal direct and causal links between such patterns and their contribution to cognition. Current brain–computer interfaces, however, are not designed to interpret multi-neuronal spiking patterns at the millisecond timescale. To bridge this gap, we developed a system for classifying ensemble patterns in a closed-loop setting and demonstrated its application in the online identification of hippocampal neuronal replay sequences in the rat. Our system decodes multi-neuronal patterns at 10 ms resolution, identifies within 50 ms experience-related patterns with over 70% sensitivity and specificity, and classifies their content with 95% accuracy. This technology scales to high-count electrode arrays and will help to shed new light on the contribution of internally generated neural activity to coordinated neural assembly interactions and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ciliberti
- Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders, Leuven, Belgium.,Brain and Cognition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Michon
- Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders, Leuven, Belgium.,Brain and Cognition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fabian Kloosterman
- Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders, Leuven, Belgium.,Brain and Cognition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,imec, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Cherdieu M, Versace R, Rey AE, Vallet GT, Mazza S. Sleep on your memory traces: How sleep effects can be explained by Act-In, a functional memory model. Sleep Med Rev 2017; 39:155-163. [PMID: 29079340 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored the effect of sleep on memory. It is well known that a period of sleep, compared to a similar period of wakefulness, protects memories from interference, improves performance, and might also reorganize memory traces in a way that encourages creativity and rule extraction. It is assumed that these benefits come from the reactivation of brain networks, mainly involving the hippocampal structure, as well as from their synchronization with neocortical networks during sleep, thereby underpinning sleep-dependent memory consolidation and reorganization. However, this memory reorganization is difficult to explain within classical memory models. The present paper aims to describe whether the influence of sleep on memory could be explained using a multiple trace memory model that is consistent with the concept of embodied cognition: the Act-In (activation-integration) memory model. We propose an original approach to the results observed in sleep research on the basis of two simple mechanisms, namely activation and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélaine Cherdieu
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), EA3082, Université Lumière Lyon 2, France.
| | - Rémy Versace
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), EA3082, Université Lumière Lyon 2, France.
| | - Amandine E Rey
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), EA3082, Université Lumière Lyon 2, France.
| | - Guillaume T Vallet
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO UMR 6024), Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Stéphanie Mazza
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), EA3082, Université Lumière Lyon 2, France.
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16
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Horton CL. Consciousness across Sleep and Wake: Discontinuity and Continuity of Memory Experiences As a Reflection of Consolidation Processes. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:159. [PMID: 28936183 PMCID: PMC5594063 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuity hypothesis (1) posits that there is continuity, of some form, between waking and dreaming mentation. A recent body of work has provided convincing evidence for different aspects of continuity, for instance that some salient experiences from waking life seem to feature in dreams over others, with a particular role for emotional arousal as accompanying these experiences, both during waking and while asleep. However, discontinuities have been somewhat dismissed as being either a product of activation-synthesis, an error within the consciousness binding process during sleep, a methodological anomaly, or simply as yet unexplained. This paper presents an overview of discontinuity within dreaming and waking cognition, arguing that disruptions of consciousness are as common a feature of waking cognition as of dreaming cognition, and that processes of sleep-dependent memory consolidation of autobiographical experiences can in part account for some of the discontinuities of sleeping cognition in a functional way. By drawing upon evidence of the incorporation, fragmentation, and reorganization of memories within dreams, this paper proposes a model of discontinuity whereby the fragmentation of autobiographical and episodic memories during sleep, as part of the consolidation process, render salient aspects of those memories subsequently available for retrieval in isolation from their contextual features. As such discontinuity of consciousness in sleep is functional and normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline L Horton
- DrEAMSLab, Psychology, Bishop Grosseteste University, Lincoln, United Kingdom
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17
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A psychoengineering paradigm for the neurocognitive mechanisms of biofeedback and neurofeedback. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:891-910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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18
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Csabi E, Varszegi-Schulz M, Janacsek K, Malecek N, Nemeth D. The consolidation of implicit sequence memory in obstructive sleep apnea. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109010. [PMID: 25329462 PMCID: PMC4198077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Syndrome is a relatively frequent sleep disorder characterized by disrupted sleep patterns. It is a well-established fact that sleep has beneficial effect on memory consolidation by enhancing neural plasticity. Implicit sequence learning is a prominent component of skill learning. However, the formation and consolidation of this fundamental learning mechanism remains poorly understood in OSA. In the present study we examined the consolidation of different aspects of implicit sequence learning in patients with OSA. We used the Alternating Serial Reaction Time task to measure general skill learning and sequence-specific learning. There were two sessions: a learning phase and a testing phase, separated by a 10-hour offline period with sleep. Our data showed differences in offline changes of general skill learning between the OSA and control group. The control group demonstrated offline improvement from evening to morning, while the OSA group did not. In contrast, we did not observe differences between the groups in offline changes in sequence-specific learning. Our findings suggest that disrupted sleep in OSA differently affects neural circuits involved in the consolidation of sequence learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Csabi
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Karolina Janacsek
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nick Malecek
- Imaging Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dezso Nemeth
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
- Imaging Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America
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19
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Abstract
The discovery that spontaneous fluctuations in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals contain information about the functional organization of the brain has caused a paradigm shift in neuroimaging. It is now well established that intrinsic brain activity is organized into spatially segregated resting-state networks (RSNs). Less is known regarding how spatially segregated networks are integrated by the propagation of intrinsic activity over time. To explore this question, we examined the latency structure of spontaneous fluctuations in the fMRI BOLD signal. Our data reveal that intrinsic activity propagates through and across networks on a timescale of ∼1 s. Variations in the latency structure of this activity resulting from sensory state manipulation (eyes open vs. closed), antecedent motor task (button press) performance, and time of day (morning vs. evening) suggest that BOLD signal lags reflect neuronal processes rather than hemodynamic delay. Our results emphasize the importance of the temporal structure of the brain's spontaneous activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mitra
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri;
| | - A Z Snyder
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - C D Hacker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; and
| | - M E Raichle
- Department of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
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20
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Alberca-Reina E, Cantero JL, Atienza M. Semantic congruence reverses effects of sleep restriction on associative encoding. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2014; 110:27-34. [PMID: 24462718 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Encoding and memory consolidation are influenced by factors such as sleep and congruency of newly learned information with prior knowledge (i.e., schema). However, only a few studies have examined the contribution of sleep to enhancement of schema-dependent memory. Based on previous studies showing that total sleep deprivation specifically impairs hippocampal encoding, and that coherent schemas reduce the hippocampal consolidation period after learning, we predict that sleep loss in the pre-training night will mainly affect schema-unrelated information whereas sleep restriction in the post-training night will have similar effects on schema-related and unrelated information. Here, we tested this hypothesis by presenting participants with face-face associations that could be semantically related or unrelated under different sleep conditions: normal sleep before and after training, and acute sleep restriction either before or after training. Memory was tested one day after training, just after introducing an interference task, and two days later, without any interference. Significant results were evident on the second retesting session. In particular, sleep restriction before training enhanced memory for semantically congruent events in detriment of memory for unrelated events, supporting the specific role of sleep in hippocampal memory encoding. Unexpectedly, sleep restriction after training enhanced memory for both related and unrelated events. Although this finding may suggest a poorer encoding during the interference task, this hypothesis should be specifically tested in future experiments. All together, the present results support a framework in which encoding processes seem to be more vulnerable to sleep loss than consolidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Alberca-Reina
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose L Cantero
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Atienza
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience, Spanish Network of Excellence for Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain.
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21
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Luber B, Steffener J, Tucker A, Habeck C, Peterchev AV, Deng ZD, Basner RC, Stern Y, Lisanby SH. Extended remediation of sleep deprived-induced working memory deficits using fMRI-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation. Sleep 2013; 36:857-71. [PMID: 23729929 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.2712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES We attempted to prevent the development of working memory (WM) impairments caused by sleep deprivation using fMRI-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Novel aspects of our fMRI-guided rTMS paradigm included the use of sophisticated covariance methods to identify functional networks in imaging data, and the use of fMRI-targeted rTMS concurrent with task performance to modulate plasticity effects over a longer term. DESIGN Between-groups mixed model. SETTING TMS, MRI, and sleep laboratory study. PARTICIPANTS 27 subjects (13 receiving Active rTMS, and 14 Sham) completed the sleep deprivation protocol, with another 21 (10 Active, 11 Sham) non-sleep deprived subjects run in a second experiment. INTERVENTIONS Our previous covariance analysis had identified a network, including occipital cortex, which demonstrated individual differences in resilience to the deleterious effects of sleep deprivation on WM performance. Five Hz rTMS was applied to left lateral occipital cortex while subjects performed a WM task during 4 sessions over the course of 2 days of total sleep deprivation. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS At the end of the sleep deprivation period, Sham sleep deprived subjects exhibited degraded performance in the WM task. In contrast, those receiving Active rTMS did not show the slowing and lapsing typical in sleep deprivation, and instead performed similarly to non- sleep deprived subjects. Importantly, the Active sleep deprivation group showed rTMS-induced facilitation of WM performance a full 18 hours after the last rTMS session. CONCLUSIONS Over the course of sleep deprivation, these results indicate that rTMS applied concurrently with WM task performance affected neural circuitry involved in WM to prevent its full impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Luber
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Over more than a century of research has established the fact that sleep benefits the retention of memory. In this review we aim to comprehensively cover the field of "sleep and memory" research by providing a historical perspective on concepts and a discussion of more recent key findings. Whereas initial theories posed a passive role for sleep enhancing memories by protecting them from interfering stimuli, current theories highlight an active role for sleep in which memories undergo a process of system consolidation during sleep. Whereas older research concentrated on the role of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, recent work has revealed the importance of slow-wave sleep (SWS) for memory consolidation and also enlightened some of the underlying electrophysiological, neurochemical, and genetic mechanisms, as well as developmental aspects in these processes. Specifically, newer findings characterize sleep as a brain state optimizing memory consolidation, in opposition to the waking brain being optimized for encoding of memories. Consolidation originates from reactivation of recently encoded neuronal memory representations, which occur during SWS and transform respective representations for integration into long-term memory. Ensuing REM sleep may stabilize transformed memories. While elaborated with respect to hippocampus-dependent memories, the concept of an active redistribution of memory representations from networks serving as temporary store into long-term stores might hold also for non-hippocampus-dependent memory, and even for nonneuronal, i.e., immunological memories, giving rise to the idea that the offline consolidation of memory during sleep represents a principle of long-term memory formation established in quite different physiological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Rasch
- Division of Biopsychology, Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Scullin MK. Sleep, memory, and aging: the link between slow-wave sleep and episodic memory changes from younger to older adults. Psychol Aging 2013; 28:105-14. [PMID: 22708533 PMCID: PMC3532961 DOI: 10.1037/a0028830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In younger adults, recently learned episodic memories are reactivated and consolidated during slow-wave sleep (SWS). It is interesting that SWS declines across the life span, but little research has examined whether sleep-dependent memory consolidation occurs in older adults. In this study, younger adults and healthy older adults encoded word pairs in the morning or evening and then returned following a sleep or no-sleep interval. Sleep-stage scoring was obtained by using a home sleep-stage monitoring system. In the younger adult group, there was a positive correlation between word retention and amount of SWS during the retention interval. In contrast, the older adults demonstrated no significant positive correlations but one significant negative correlation between memory and SWS. These findings suggest that the link between episodic memory and SWS that is typically observed in younger adults may be weakened or otherwise changed in the healthy older adult population.
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24
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Taki Y, Kawashima R. Brain development in childhood. Open Neuroimag J 2012; 6:103-10. [PMID: 23166579 PMCID: PMC3499734 DOI: 10.2174/1874440001206010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although human brain development continues throughout childhood and adolescence, it is a non-linear process both structurally and functionally. Here we review studies of brain development in healthy children from the viewpoint of structure and the perfusion of gray and white matter. Gray matter volume increases and then decreases with age, with the developmental time of the peak volume differing among brain regions in the first and second decades of life. On the other hand, white matter volume increase is mostly linear during those periods. As regards fractional anisotropy, most regions show an exponential trajectory with aging. In addition, cerebral blood flow and gray matter volume are proportional at similar developmental ages. Moreover, we show that several lifestyle choices, such as sleeping habits and breakfast staple, affect gray matter volume in healthy children. There are a number of uninvestigated important issues that require future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Taki
- Division of Meidcal Image Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan ; Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan ; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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25
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BRANKAČK JURIJ, SCHEFFZÜK CLAUDIA, KUKUSHKA VALERIYI, VYSSOTSKI ALEXEIL, TORT ADRIANOBL, DRAGUHN ANDREAS. Distinct features of fast oscillations in phasic and tonic rapid eye movement sleep. J Sleep Res 2012; 21:630-3. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2012.01037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Havekes R, Vecsey CG, Abel T. The impact of sleep deprivation on neuronal and glial signaling pathways important for memory and synaptic plasticity. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1251-60. [PMID: 22570866 PMCID: PMC3622220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation is a common feature in modern society, and one of the consequences of sleep loss is the impairment of cognitive function. Although it has been widely accepted that sleep deprivation affects learning and memory, only recently has research begun to address which molecular signaling pathways are altered by sleep loss and, more importantly, which pathways can be targeted to reverse the memory impairments resulting from sleep deprivation. In this review, we discuss the different methods used to sleep deprive animals and the effects of different durations of sleep deprivation on learning and memory with an emphasis on hippocampus-dependent memory. We then review the molecular signaling pathways that are sensitive to sleep loss, with a focus on those thought to play a critical role in the memory and synaptic plasticity deficits observed after sleep deprivation. Finally, we highlight several recent attempts to reverse the effects of sleep deprivation on memory and synaptic plasticity. Future research building on these studies promises to contribute to the development of novel strategies to ameliorate the effects of sleep loss on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert Havekes
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Ted Abel
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
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27
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Ferrara M, Moroni F, De Gennaro L, Nobili L. Hippocampal sleep features: relations to human memory function. Front Neurol 2012; 3:57. [PMID: 22529835 PMCID: PMC3327976 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent spread of intracranial electroencephalographic (EEG) recording techniques for presurgical evaluation of drug-resistant epileptic patients is providing new information on the activity of different brain structures during both wakefulness and sleep. The interest has been mainly focused on the medial temporal lobe, and in particular the hippocampal formation, whose peculiar local sleep features have been recently described, providing support to the idea that sleep is not a spatially global phenomenon. The study of the hippocampal sleep electrophysiology is particularly interesting because of its central role in the declarative memory formation. Recent data indicate that sleep contributes to memory formation. Therefore, it is relevant to understand whether specific patterns of activity taking place during sleep are related to memory consolidation processes. Fascinating similarities between different states of consciousness (wakefulness, REM sleep, non-REM sleep) in some electrophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive processes have been reported. For instance, large-scale synchrony in gamma activity is important for waking memory and perception processes, and its changes during sleep may be the neurophysiological substrate of sleep-related deficits of declarative memory. Hippocampal activity seems to specifically support memory consolidation during sleep, through specific coordinated neurophysiological events (slow waves, spindles, ripples) that would facilitate the integration of new information into the pre-existing cortical networks. A few studies indeed provided direct evidence that rhinal ripples as well as slow hippocampal oscillations are correlated with memory consolidation in humans. More detailed electrophysiological investigations assessing the specific relations between different types of memory consolidation and hippocampal EEG features are in order. These studies will add an important piece of knowledge to the elucidation of the ultimate sleep function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ferrara
- Department of Health Sciences, University of L'Aquila L'Aquila, Italy
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28
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Taki Y, Hashizume H, Thyreau B, Sassa Y, Takeuchi H, Wu K, Kotozaki Y, Nouchi R, Asano M, Asano K, Fukuda H, Kawashima R. Sleep duration during weekdays affects hippocampal gray matter volume in healthy children. Neuroimage 2012; 60:471-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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29
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Scheffzük C, Kukushka VI, Vyssotski AL, Draguhn A, Tort ABL, Brankačk J. Selective coupling between theta phase and neocortical fast gamma oscillations during REM-sleep in mice. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28489. [PMID: 22163023 PMCID: PMC3230633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian brain expresses a wide range of state-dependent network oscillations which vary in frequency and spatial extension. Such rhythms can entrain multiple neurons into coherent patterns of activity, consistent with a role in behaviour, cognition and memory formation. Recent evidence suggests that locally generated fast network oscillations can be systematically aligned to long-range slow oscillations. It is likely that such cross-frequency coupling supports specific tasks including behavioural choice and working memory. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We analyzed temporal coupling between high-frequency oscillations and EEG theta activity (4-12 Hz) in recordings from mouse parietal neocortex. Theta was exclusively present during active wakefulness and REM-sleep. Fast oscillations occurred in two separate frequency bands: gamma (40-100 Hz) and fast gamma (120-160 Hz). Theta, gamma and fast gamma were more prominent during active wakefulness as compared to REM-sleep. Coupling between theta and the two types of fast oscillations, however, was more pronounced during REM-sleep. This state-dependent cross-frequency coupling was particularly strong for theta-fast gamma interaction which increased 9-fold during REM as compared to active wakefulness. Theta-gamma coupling increased only by 1.5-fold. SIGNIFICANCE State-dependent cross-frequency-coupling provides a new functional characteristic of REM-sleep and establishes a unique property of neocortical fast gamma oscillations. Interactions between defined patterns of slow and fast network oscillations may serve selective functions in sleep-dependent information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Scheffzük
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valeriy I. Kukushka
- Quantum Chromoplasma Laboratory, Dniepropetrovsk National University, Dniepropetrovsk, Ukraina
| | - Alexei L. Vyssotski
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich/ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Draguhn
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adriano B. L. Tort
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Jurij Brankačk
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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30
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Reactivation, replay, and preplay: how it might all fit together. Neural Plast 2011; 2011:203462. [PMID: 21918724 PMCID: PMC3171894 DOI: 10.1155/2011/203462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequential activation of neurons that occurs during “offline” states, such as sleep or awake rest, is correlated with neural sequences recorded during preceding exploration phases. This so-called reactivation, or replay, has been observed in a number of different brain regions such as the striatum, prefrontal cortex, primary visual cortex and, most prominently, the hippocampus. Reactivation largely co-occurs together with hippocampal sharp-waves/ripples, brief high-frequency bursts in the local field potential. Here, we first review the mounting evidence for the hypothesis that reactivation is the neural mechanism for memory consolidation during sleep. We then discuss recent results that suggest that offline sequential activity in the waking state might not be simple repetitions of previously experienced sequences. Some offline sequential activity occurs before animals are exposed to a novel environment for the first time, and some sequences activated offline correspond to trajectories never experienced by the animal. We propose a conceptual framework for the dynamics of offline sequential activity that can parsimoniously describe a broad spectrum of experimental results. These results point to a potentially broader role of offline sequential activity in cognitive functions such as maintenance of spatial representation, learning, or planning.
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31
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Abstract
We investigated human hippocampal functional connectivity in wakefulness and throughout non-rapid eye movement sleep. Young healthy subjects underwent simultaneous EEG and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measurements at 1.5 T under resting conditions in the descent to deep sleep. Continuous 5 min epochs representing a unique sleep stage (i.e., wakefulness, sleep stages 1 and 2, or slow-wave sleep) were extracted. fMRI time series of subregions of the hippocampal formation (HF) (cornu ammonis, dentate gyrus, and subiculum) were extracted based on cytoarchitectonical probability maps. We observed sleep stage-dependent changes in HF functional coupling. The HF was integrated to variable strength in the default mode network (DMN) in wakefulness and light sleep stages but not in slow-wave sleep. The strongest functional connectivity between the HF and neocortex was observed in sleep stage 2 (compared with both slow-wave sleep and wakefulness). We observed a strong interaction of sleep spindle occurrence and HF functional connectivity in sleep stage 2, with increased HF/neocortical connectivity during spindles. Moreover, the cornu ammonis exhibited strongest functional connectivity with the DMN during wakefulness, while the subiculum dominated hippocampal functional connectivity to frontal brain regions during sleep stage 2. Increased connectivity between HF and neocortical regions in sleep stage 2 suggests an increased capacity for possible global information transfer, while connectivity in slow-wave sleep is reflecting a functional system optimal for segregated information reprocessing. Our data may be relevant to differentiating sleep stage-specific contributions to neural plasticity as proposed in sleep-dependent memory consolidation.
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32
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Rattenborg NC, Martinez-Gonzalez D, Roth TC, Pravosudov VV. Hippocampal memory consolidation during sleep: a comparison of mammals and birds. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2010; 86:658-91. [PMID: 21070585 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2010.00165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The transition from wakefulness to sleep is marked by pronounced changes in brain activity. The brain rhythms that characterize the two main types of mammalian sleep, slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, are thought to be involved in the functions of sleep. In particular, recent theories suggest that the synchronous slow-oscillation of neocortical neuronal membrane potentials, the defining feature of SWS, is involved in processing information acquired during wakefulness. According to the Standard Model of memory consolidation, during wakefulness the hippocampus receives input from neocortical regions involved in the initial encoding of an experience and binds this information into a coherent memory trace that is then transferred to the neocortex during SWS where it is stored and integrated within preexisting memory traces. Evidence suggests that this process selectively involves direct connections from the hippocampus to the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a multimodal, high-order association region implicated in coordinating the storage and recall of remote memories in the neocortex. The slow-oscillation is thought to orchestrate the transfer of information from the hippocampus by temporally coupling hippocampal sharp-wave/ripples (SWRs) and thalamocortical spindles. SWRs are synchronous bursts of hippocampal activity, during which waking neuronal firing patterns are reactivated in the hippocampus and neocortex in a coordinated manner. Thalamocortical spindles are brief 7-14 Hz oscillations that may facilitate the encoding of information reactivated during SWRs. By temporally coupling the readout of information from the hippocampus with conditions conducive to encoding in the neocortex, the slow-oscillation is thought to mediate the transfer of information from the hippocampus to the neocortex. Although several lines of evidence are consistent with this function for mammalian SWS, it is unclear whether SWS serves a similar function in birds, the only taxonomic group other than mammals to exhibit SWS and REM sleep. Based on our review of research on avian sleep, neuroanatomy, and memory, although involved in some forms of memory consolidation, avian sleep does not appear to be involved in transferring hippocampal memories to other brain regions. Despite exhibiting the slow-oscillation, SWRs and spindles have not been found in birds. Moreover, although birds independently evolved a brain region--the caudolateral nidopallium (NCL)--involved in performing high-order cognitive functions similar to those performed by the PFC, direct connections between the NCL and hippocampus have not been found in birds, and evidence for the transfer of information from the hippocampus to the NCL or other extra-hippocampal regions is lacking. Although based on the absence of evidence for various traits, collectively, these findings suggest that unlike mammalian SWS, avian SWS may not be involved in transferring memories from the hippocampus. Furthermore, it suggests that the slow-oscillation, the defining feature of mammalian and avian SWS, may serve a more general function independent of that related to coordinating the transfer of information from the hippocampus to the PFC in mammals. Given that SWS is homeostatically regulated (a process intimately related to the slow-oscillation) in mammals and birds, functional hypotheses linked to this process may apply to both taxonomic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels C Rattenborg
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Sleep and Flight Group, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany.
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Brankačk J, Kukushka VI, Vyssotski AL, Draguhn A. EEG gamma frequency and sleep–wake scoring in mice: Comparing two types of supervised classifiers. Brain Res 2010; 1322:59-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 12/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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