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Huang T, Zhong S, Sun J, Shen D, Zhang X, Zhao Q. Whole transcriptome analysis identifies differentially expressed mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA associated with male sterility in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101280. [PMID: 38964195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Insect sterility technology is gradually being applied to the control of lepidoptera pests, and the target gene for male sterility is the core of this technology. JMS is a mutant silkworm that exhibits male sterility, and to elucidate its formation mechanism, this study conducted a full transcriptome analysis of the testes of JMS and its wild-type silkworms 48 h after pupation, identifying 205 DElncRNAs, 913 mRNAs, and 92 DEmiRNAs. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the DEmRNAs revealed that they were involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids and ECM-receptor interactions. Combined with ceRNA regulatory network KEGG analysis suggests that pathways from amino acid biosynthesis to hydrolytic processes of protein synthesis may play a crucial role in the formation of JMS mutant variants. Our study deepens our understanding of the regulatory network of male sterility genes in silkworms; it also provides a new perspective for insect sterility technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchen Huang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
| | - Shanshan Zhong
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
| | - Juan Sun
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Dongxu Shen
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
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2
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Zhang L, Feng B, Zhou Z, Huang H, Yu C, Wang X, Xu C, Gao Y, Chen S. Extracellular vesicles-transmitted long non-coding RNA MTUS2-5 promotes proliferation and vascularization of human vascular endothelial cells in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3431-3442. [PMID: 37596794 PMCID: PMC10660623 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The high rates of misdiagnosis and untreated mortality with regard to Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) indicated the need to screen effective biomarkers. The aim of this study was to explore the function of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in patients with BCS as well as associated mechanisms. First, differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from EVs separated from serum between BCS and healthy controls were screened using microarray analysis. Second, the proliferation, migration and tube formation of human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were detected after EVs treatment, along with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and inflammatory factors from the cell supernatant. Last, the overexpressed lncRNA was transfected into the cells to further explore the mechanisms involved. Extracellular vesicles of BCS patients have significantly higher levels of lncRNA MTUS2-5 than healthy controls. Apparently, treatment with EVs from BCS or the ones transfected with plasmids that overexpress lncRNA MTUS2-5 enhances proliferation, migration and angiogenesis capacity. The results were considerably better than those obtained from treatment with EVs from healthy controls or transfection with the normal control plasmid, which also elevated the level of VEGF and inflammatory factors. Furthermore, FOS and PTGS2 were potentially regulated by the lncRNA MTUS2-5 transmitted by EVs. The lncRNA MTUS2-5 in EVs plays an important role in angiogenesis in the Budd-Chiari syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Zhang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Benchi Feng
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Zhuxin Zhou
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Hanlin Huang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Chaowen Yu
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Xiaogao Wang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
| | - Shiyuan Chen
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbuChina
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Mu YR, Zou SY, Li M, Ding YY, Huang X, He ZH, Kong WJ. Role and mechanism of FOXG1-related epigenetic modifications in cisplatin-induced hair cell damage. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1064579. [PMID: 37181652 PMCID: PMC10169754 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1064579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is widely used in clinical tumor chemotherapy but has severe ototoxic side effects, including tinnitus and hearing damage. This study aimed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. In this study, we used CBA/CaJ mice to establish an ototoxicity model of cisplatin-induced hair cell loss, and our results showed that cisplatin treatment could reduce FOXG1 expression and autophagy levels. Additionally, H3K9me2 levels increased in cochlear hair cells after cisplatin administration. Reduced FOXG1 expression caused decreased microRNA (miRNA) expression and autophagy levels, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and cochlear hair cell death. Inhibiting miRNA expression decreased the autophagy levels of OC-1 cells and significantly increased cellular ROS levels and the apoptosis ratio in vitro. In vitro, overexpression of FOXG1 and its target miRNAs could rescue the cisplatin-induced decrease in autophagy, thereby reducing apoptosis. BIX01294 is an inhibitor of G9a, the enzyme in charge of H3K9me2, and can reduce hair cell damage and rescue the hearing loss caused by cisplatin in vivo. This study demonstrates that FOXG1-related epigenetics plays a role in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through the autophagy pathway, providing new ideas and intervention targets for treating ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-rong Mu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng-yu Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-yan Ding
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zu-hong He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-jia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Koffler-Brill T, Noy Y, Avraham KB. The long and short: Non-coding RNAs in the mammalian inner ear. Hear Res 2023; 428:108666. [PMID: 36566643 PMCID: PMC9883734 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in the entire body, and their mis-regulation is often associated with disease. In parallel with the advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, there is a great deal of focus on this broad class of RNAs. Although these molecules are not translated into proteins, they are now well established as significant regulatory components in many biological pathways and pathological conditions. ncRNAs can be roughly divided into two main sub-groups based on the length of the transcript, with both the small and long non-coding RNAs having diverse regulatory functions. The smaller length group includes ribosomal RNAs (rRNA), transfer RNAs (tRNA), small nuclear RNAs (snRNA), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA), microRNAs (miRNA), small interfering RNAs (siRNA), and PIWI-associated RNAs (piRNA). The longer length group includes linear long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and circular RNAs (circRNA). This review is designed to present the different classes of small and long ncRNA molecules and describe some of their known roles in physiological and pathological conditions, as well as methods used to assess the validity and function of miRNAs and lncRNAs, with a focus on their role and functions in the inner ear, hearing and deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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Xu H, Zhang F, Gao X, Zhou Q, Zhu L. Fate decisions of breast cancer stem cells in cancer progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:968306. [PMID: 36046046 PMCID: PMC9420991 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.968306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has a marked recurrence and metastatic trait and is one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women’s health worldwide. Tumor initiation and progression begin after the cell goes from a quiescent to an activated state and requires different mechanisms to act in concert to regulate t a specific set of spectral genes for expression. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proven to initiate and drive tumorigenesis due to their capability of self-renew and differentiate. In addition, CSCs are believed to be capable of causing resistance to anti-tumor drugs, recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, exploring the origin, regulatory mechanisms and ultimate fate decision of CSCs in breast cancer outcomes has far-reaching clinical implications for the development of breast cancer stem cell (BCSC)-targeted therapeutic strategies. In this review, we will highlight the contribution of BCSCs to breast cancer and explore the internal and external factors that regulate the fate of BCSCs.
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Avraham KB, Khalaily L, Noy Y, Kamal L, Koffler-Brill T, Taiber S. The noncoding genome and hearing loss. Hum Genet 2022; 141:323-333. [PMID: 34491412 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The age of sequencing has provided unprecedented insights into the human genome. The coding region of the genome comprises nearly 20,000 genes, of which approximately 4000 are associated with human disease. Beyond the protein-coding genome, which accounts for only 3% of the genome, lies a vast pool of regulatory elements in the form of promoters, enhancers, RNA species, and other intricate elements. These features undoubtably influence human health and disease, and as a result, a great deal of effort is currently being invested in deciphering their identity and mechanism. While a paucity of material has caused a lag in identifying these elements in the inner ear, the emergence of technologies for dealing with a minimal number of cells now has the field working overtime to catch up. Studies on microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), methylation, histone modifications, and more are ongoing. A number of microRNAs and other noncoding elements are known to be associated with hearing impairment and there is promise that regulatory elements will serve as future tools and targets of therapeutics and diagnostics. This review covers the current state of the field and considers future directions for the noncoding genome and implications for hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Lama Khalaily
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Noy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lara Kamal
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tal Koffler-Brill
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shahar Taiber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Investigation of Key Signaling Pathways Associating miR-204 and Common Retinopathies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5568113. [PMID: 34646884 PMCID: PMC8505061 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5568113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a large group of small noncoding RNAs that work in multiple cellular pathways. miR-204, as one of the key axes in the development, maintenance, and pathogenesis of the retina, plays several roles by modulating its target genes. This study was aimed at evaluating the target genes of miR-204 involved in the development and progression of common retinopathies such as glaucoma, retinoblastoma, and age-related macular degeneration. In this study, three datasets related to retinopathies (GSE50195, GSE27276, and GSE97508) were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus. miR-204 target genes were isolated from TargeScan. The shares between retinopathy and miR-204 target genes were then categorized. Using Enrichr and STRING, we highlighted the signaling pathways and the relationships between the proteins. SHC1 events in ERBB2, adherent junction's interactions, NGF signaling via TRKA from the plasma membrane, IRF3-mediated activation of type 1 IFN, pathways in upregulated genes and G0 and early G1, RORA-activated gene expression, PERK-regulated gene expression, adherent junction's interactions, and CREB phosphorylation pathways in downregulated genes were identified in glaucoma, retinoblastoma, and age-related macular degeneration. WEE1, SMC2, HMGB1, RRM2, and POLA1 proteins were also observed to be involved in the progression and invasion of retinoblastoma; SLC24A2 and DTX4 in age-related macular degeneration; and EPHB6, EFNB3, and SHC1 in glaucoma. Continuous bioinformatics analysis has shown that miR-204 has a significant presence and expression in retinal tissue, and approximately 293 genes are controlled and regulated by miR-204 in this tissue; also, target genes of miR-204 have the potential to develop various retinopathies; thus, a study of related target genes can provide appropriate treatment strategies in the future.
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Rajool Dezfuly A, Safaee A, Salehi H. Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles' miRNAs on retinal regeneration: a review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:530. [PMID: 34620234 PMCID: PMC8499475 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which consist of microvesicles and exosomes, are secreted from all cells to transform vital information in the form of lipids, proteins, mRNAs and small RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Many studies demonstrated that EVs' miRNAs have effects on target cells. Numerous people suffer from the blindness caused by retinal degenerations. The death of retinal neurons is irreversible and creates permanent damage to the retina. In the absence of acceptable cures for retinal degenerative diseases, stem cells and their paracrine agents including EVs have become a promising therapeutic approach. Several studies showed that the therapeutic effects of stem cells are due to the miRNAs of their EVs. Considering the effects of microRNAs in retinal cells development and function and studies which provide the possible roles of mesenchymal stem cells-derived EVs miRNA content on retinal diseases, we focused on the similarities between these two groups of miRNAs that could be helpful for promoting new therapeutic techniques for retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rajool Dezfuly
- Department of Anatomical and Molecular Biology Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Safaee
- Department of Anatomical and Molecular Biology Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi
- Department of Anatomical and Molecular Biology Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Gong Q, Dong W, Fan Y, Chen F, Bian X, Xu X, Qian T, Yu P. LncRNA TDRG1-Mediated Overexpression of VEGF Aggravated Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1703. [PMID: 32082175 PMCID: PMC7005225 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a neurovascular disease, is one of the leading causes of blindness in working-age adults. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted attention as indicators for DR. This study aimed to characterize the role of lncRNA human testis development-related gene 1 (TDRG1) and its modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in deteriorating DR. Methods Tissue samples were obtained from patients with epiretinal membranes (EMs) or proliferative DR, and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) were cultured with high-glucose medium to mimic DR as the in vitro model. The expression of lncRNA TDRG1 and VEGF was determined by immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and RT-qPCR. Transfection of small-interfering RNA was conducted to knock down target gene expression. HREC functions were evaluated by cell viability, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran extravasation, migration, and tube formation assays under different conditions. Results LncRNA TDRG1 and VEGF were found to be co-expressed and significantly upregulated in fibrovascular membranes (FVMs) from DR patients compared to those from EM patients. In the in vitro model, hyperglycemic treatment markedly increased the expression of lncRNA TDRG1 and VEGF at the mRNA and protein levels, which promoted cell proliferation and migration, enhanced permeability, and disrupted tube formation of HRECs. However, knockdown of lncRNA TDRG1 or VEGF notably decreased the expression of VEGF and reversed the impaired functions of high-glucose-treated HRECs. Conclusions LncRNA TDRG1 promoted microvascular cell dysfunction via upregulating VEGF in the progression of DR and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenpei Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng'e Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolan Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianwei Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Epidermal Stem Cells in Wound Healing and Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:9148310. [PMID: 32399054 PMCID: PMC7204129 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9148310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin stem cells distributed in the basal layer of the epidermis and hair follicles are important cell sources for skin development, metabolism, and injury repair. At present, great progress has been made in the study of epidermal stem cells at the cellular and molecular levels. Stem cell transplantation is reported to promote skin healing, endothelial cell transformation, and vascular formation. Local stem cells can also be transformed into keratinocytes, sebaceous gland, and other skin-associated tissues. However, the mechanism of action of epidermal stem cells on wound healing and regeneration is not completely clear. This review is aimed at briefly summarizing the biological characteristics of epidermal stem cells and their clinical application in wound healing and tissue regeneration. It further discussed the mechanism of action and the development direction in the future.
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11
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Wu X, Zhang W, Li Y, Lin X. Structure and Function of Cochlear Gap Junctions and Implications for the Translation of Cochlear Gene Therapies. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:529. [PMID: 31827424 PMCID: PMC6892400 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Connexins (Cxs) are ubiquitous membrane proteins that are found throughout vertebrate organs, acting as building blocks of the gap junctions (GJs) known to play vital roles in the normal function of many organs. Mutations in Cx genes (particularly GJB2, which encodes Cx26) cause approximately half of all cases of congenital hearing loss in newborns. Great progress has been made in understanding GJ function and the molecular mechanisms for the role of Cxs in the cochlea. Data reveal that multiple types of Cxs work together to ensure normal development and function of the cochlea. These findings include many aspects not proposed in the classic K+ recycling theory, such as the formation of normal cochlear morphology (e.g., the opening of the tunnel of Corti), the fine-tuning of the innervation of nerve fibers to the hair cells (HCs), the maturation of the ribbon synapses, and the initiation of the endocochlear potential (EP). New data, especially those collected from targeted modification of major Cx genes in the mouse cochlea, have demonstrated that Cx26 plays an essential role in the postnatal maturation of the cochlea. Studies also show that Cx26 and Cx30 assume very different roles in the EP generation, given that only Cx26 is required for normal hearing. This article will review our current understanding of the molecular structure, cellular distribution, and major functions of cochlear GJs. Potential implications of the knowledge of cochlear GJs on the design and implementation of translational studies of cochlear gene therapies for Cx mutations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head-Neck and Surgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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12
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Schlüter T, Berger C, Rosengauer E, Fieth P, Krohs C, Ushakov K, Steel KP, Avraham KB, Hartmann AK, Felmy F, Nothwang HG. miR-96 is required for normal development of the auditory hindbrain. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:860-874. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Schlüter
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christina Berger
- Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elena Rosengauer
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Fieth
- Computational Theoretical Physics Group, Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Krohs
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Kathy Ushakov
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Karen P Steel
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Karen B Avraham
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Alexander K Hartmann
- Computational Theoretical Physics Group, Institute of Physics, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Felix Felmy
- Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
- Institute of Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans Gerd Nothwang
- Neurogenetics Group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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13
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Barbato S, Marrocco E, Intartaglia D, Pizzo M, Asteriti S, Naso F, Falanga D, Bhat RS, Meola N, Carissimo A, Karali M, Prosser HM, Cangiano L, Surace EM, Banfi S, Conte I. MiR-211 is essential for adult cone photoreceptor maintenance and visual function. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17004. [PMID: 29209045 PMCID: PMC5717140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that play an important role in the control of fundamental biological processes in both physiological and pathological conditions. Their function in retinal cells is just beginning to be elucidated, and a few have been found to play a role in photoreceptor maintenance and function. MiR-211 is one of the most abundant miRNAs in the developing and adult eye. However, its role in controlling vertebrate visual system development, maintenance and function so far remain incompletely unexplored. Here, by targeted inactivation in a mouse model, we identify a critical role of miR-211 in cone photoreceptor function and survival. MiR-211 knockout (-/-) mice exhibited a progressive cone dystrophy accompanied by significant alterations in visual function. Transcriptome analysis of the retina from miR-211-/- mice during cone degeneration revealed significant alteration of pathways related to cell metabolism. Collectively, this study highlights for the first time the impact of miR-211 function in the retina and significantly contributes to unravelling the role of specific miRNAs in cone photoreceptor function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barbato
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Elena Marrocco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Daniela Intartaglia
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Pizzo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Sabrina Asteriti
- Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56123, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Naso
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Danila Falanga
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Rajeshwari S Bhat
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Nicola Meola
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
- Aarhus University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, C.F. Møllers Allé 3 building 1130, 422-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Annamaria Carissimo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
| | - Marianthi Karali
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Haydn M Prosser
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Cangiano
- Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56123, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Surace
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy.
- Medical Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, University "Luigi Vanvitelli", via Luigi De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Ivan Conte
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli (Naples), 80078, Italy.
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14
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Roles of miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20171157. [PMID: 29074557 PMCID: PMC5705777 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults across the world. The pathogenesis of DR is multifactorial and the molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) may be aberrantly expressed and may play vital roles in the development of DR. Amongst ncRNAs, miRNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are known for their regulatory functions. Here, we summarize the functions and mechanisms of known aberrantly expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs in DR. Additionally, a novel lncRNA–mRNA–miRNA network is included in this review. We highlight original studies that provide detailed data about the mechanisms of miRNAs and lncRNAs, their applications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and their potential therapeutic targets. In conclusion, this review will help us gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which miRNAs and lncRNAs perform their functions in DR, and provide general strategies and directions for future research.
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15
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Cai T, Long J, Wang H, Liu W, Zhang Y. Identification and characterization of miR-96, a potential biomarker of NSCLC, through bioinformatic analysis. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1213-1223. [PMID: 28656287 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The poor prognosis is partly due to lack of efficient methods for early diagnosis. MicroRNAs play roles in almost all aspects of cancer biology, and can be secreted into the circulation and serve as molecular biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer. In the present study, we determined the expression of miR-96 and the function of its target genes in lung cancer through bioinformatic analysis. Four microRNA expression profiles of lung cancer were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus and the data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software. Compared to the control group, expression of miR-96 was significantly increased in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (GSE51855), lung adenocarcinoma (GSE48414), stage I adenocarcinoma tissues (GSE63805) and the plasma of lung cancer patients (GSE68951). miR-96 was also elevated in six different NSCLC cell lines. However, the expression level of miR-96 was not related to the age, gender, clinical stage and histological subtype of the NSCLC patients. GO analysis of 78 predicted target genes of miR-96 showed that 42 of the obtained GO terms are highly associated with specific cellular processes including response to stimulus, signaling pathway, cell division, cell communication, cell migration and calcium signaling. KEGG results indicated that the miR-96 targets are mainly involved in the GnRH signaling pathway, long-term potentiation and insulin signaling pathway. In conclusion, miR-96, functioning as an oncogene, may play an important role in the development and progression of lung cancer. miR-96 may have the potential to serve as a molecular biomarker for the early diagnosis of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghui Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Jie Long
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Wanxia Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P.R. China
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16
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Zhao HB. Hypothesis of K +-Recycling Defect Is Not a Primary Deafness Mechanism for Cx26 ( GJB2) Deficiency. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:162. [PMID: 28603488 PMCID: PMC5445178 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
K+-recycling defect is a long-standing hypothesis for deafness mechanism of Connexin26 (Cx26, GJB2) mutations, which cause the most common hereditary deafness and are responsible for >50% of nonsyndromic hearing loss. The hypothesis states that Cx26 deficiency may disrupt inner ear gap junctions and compromise sinking and recycling of expelled K+ ions after hair cell excitation, causing accumulation of K+-ions in the extracellular space around hair cells producing K+-toxicity, which eventually induces hair cell degeneration and hearing loss. However, this hypothesis has never been directly evidenced, even though it has been widely referred to. Recently, more and more experiments demonstrate that this hypothesis may not be a deafness mechanism underlying Cx26 deficiency. In this review article, we summarized recent advances on the K+-recycling and mechanisms underlying Cx26 deficiency induced hearing loss. The mechanisms underlying K+-sinking, which is the first step for K+-recycling in the cochlea, and Cx26 deficiency induced cochlear developmental disorders, which are responsible for Cx26 deficiency induced congenital deafness and associated with disruption of permeability of inner ear gap junctional channels to miRNAs, are also summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kentucky Medical CenterLexington, KY, United States
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17
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Tkatchenko AV, Luo X, Tkatchenko TV, Vaz C, Tanavde VM, Maurer-Stroh S, Zauscher S, Gonzalez P, Young TL. Large-Scale microRNA Expression Profiling Identifies Putative Retinal miRNA-mRNA Signaling Pathways Underlying Form-Deprivation Myopia in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162541. [PMID: 27622715 PMCID: PMC5021328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of myopia is associated with large-scale changes in ocular tissue gene expression. Although differential expression of coding genes underlying development of myopia has been a subject of intense investigation, the role of non-coding genes such as microRNAs in the development of myopia is largely unknown. In this study, we explored myopia-associated miRNA expression profiles in the retina and sclera of C57Bl/6J mice with experimentally induced myopia using microarray technology. We found a total of 53 differentially expressed miRNAs in the retina and no differences in miRNA expression in the sclera of C57BL/6J mice after 10 days of visual form deprivation, which induced -6.93 ± 2.44 D (p < 0.000001, n = 12) of myopia. We also identified their putative mRNA targets among mRNAs found to be differentially expressed in myopic retina and potential signaling pathways involved in the development of form-deprivation myopia using miRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis. Analysis of myopia-associated signaling pathways revealed that myopic response to visual form deprivation in the retina is regulated by a small number of highly integrated signaling pathways. Our findings highlighted that changes in microRNA expression are involved in the regulation of refractive eye development and predicted how they may be involved in the development of myopia by regulating retinal gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Tkatchenko
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AVT); (TLY)
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tatiana V. Tkatchenko
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Candida Vaz
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vivek M. Tanavde
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute for Medical Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sebastian Maurer-Stroh
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stefan Zauscher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Pedro Gonzalez
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Terri L. Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AVT); (TLY)
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18
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Huang Y, Yang YB, Sun XH. Genome-wide identification of microRNAs and their target genes in Cynoglossus semilaevis using computational approach. GENE REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Li J, Sen GL. Post-Transcriptional Mechanisms Regulating Epidermal Stem and Progenitor Cell Self-Renewal and Differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:746-752. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2015.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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20
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Li P, Shen M, Gao F, Wu J, Zhang J, Teng F, Zhang C. An Antagomir to MicroRNA-106b-5p Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rats Via Inhibiting Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2901-2921. [PMID: 27023223 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9842-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We previously observed that microRNA miR-106b-5p significantly increased in serum of patients with acute ischemic stroke. The present study was to determine whether miR-106b-5p antagomir can protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was operated on male Sprague Dawley rats. MiR-106b-5p antagomir significantly decreased neurological deficit scores, infarct volumes, and neuronal injury. Furthermore, miR-106b-5p antagomir markedly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content, restored superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased the expression of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and decreased the expression of Bax in the ischemic cortex. In PC12 cells, miR-106b-5p inhibitor increased the Mcl-1 and Bcl-2 expression, which provided protection against glutamate-induced apoptosis and oxidative damage, as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and enhanced SOD activity. Notably, luciferase reported assay proved Mcl-1 was the target gene of miR-106b-5p. In conclusion, our data indicates that the neuroprotective effects of miR-106b-5p antagomir on cerebral I/R injury are associated with its inhibition of apoptosis and oxidative stress, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meihong Shen
- The Second Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinping Wu
- Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengmeng Teng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunbing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
- Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Gap junction mediated miRNA intercellular transfer and gene regulation: A novel mechanism for intercellular genetic communication. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19884. [PMID: 26814383 PMCID: PMC4728487 DOI: 10.1038/srep19884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercellular genetic communication is an essential requirement for coordination of cell proliferation and differentiation and has an important role in many cellular processes. Gap junction channels possess large pore allowing passage of ions and small molecules between cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that can regulate gene expression broadly. Here, we report that miRNAs can pass through gap junction channels in a connexin-dependent manner. Connexin43 (Cx43) had higher permeability, whereas Cx30 showed little permeability to miRNAs. In the tested connexin cell lines, the permeability to miRNAs demonstrated: Cx43 > Cx26/30 > Cx26 > Cx31 > Cx30 = Cx-null. However, consistent with a uniform structure of miRNAs, there was no significant difference in permeability to different miRNAs. The passage is efficient; the miRNA level in the recipient cells could be up to 30% of the donor level. Moreover, the transferred miRNA is functional and could regulate gene expression in neighboring cells. Connexin mutation and gap junctional blockers could eliminate this miRNA intercellular transfer and gene regulation. These data reveal a novel mechanism for intercellular genetic communication. Given that connexin expression is cell-specific, this connexin-dependent, miRNA intercellular genetic communication may play an important role in synchronizing and coordinating proliferation and differentiation of specific cell types during multicellular organ development.
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22
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Zhu Y, Zong L, Mei L, Zhao HB. Connexin26 gap junction mediates miRNA intercellular genetic communication in the cochlea and is required for inner ear development. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15647. [PMID: 26490746 PMCID: PMC4614881 DOI: 10.1038/srep15647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development requires well-established intercellular communication to coordinate cell proliferations and differentiations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that can broadly regulate gene expression and play a critical role in the organ development. In this study, we found that miRNAs could pass through gap junctions between native cochlear supporting cells to play a role in the cochlear development. Connexin26 (Cx26) and Cx30 are predominant isoforms and co-express in the cochlea. Cx26 deficiency but not Cx30 deficiency can cause cochlear developmental disorders. We found that associated with Cx26 deletion induced the cochlear developmental disorders, deletion of Cx26 but not Cx30 disrupted miRNA intercellular transfer in the cochlea, although inner ear gap junctions still retained permeability after deletion of Cx26. Moreover, we found that deletion of Cx26 but not Cx30 reduced miR-96 expression in the cochlea during postnatal development. The reduction is associated with the cochlear tunnel developmental disorder in Cx26 knockout (KO) mice. These data reveal that Cx26-mediated intercellular communication is required for cochlear development and that deficiency of Cx26 can impair miRNA-mediated intercellular genetic communication in the cochlea, which may lead to cochlear developmental disorders and eventually congenital deafness as previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Liang Zong
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Ling Mei
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536
| | - Hong-Bo Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536
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23
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Schrauwen I, Hasin-Brumshtein Y, Corneveaux JJ, Ohmen J, White C, Allen AN, Lusis AJ, Van Camp G, Huentelman MJ, Friedman RA. A comprehensive catalogue of the coding and non-coding transcripts of the human inner ear. Hear Res 2015; 333:266-274. [PMID: 26341477 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian inner ear consists of the cochlea and the vestibular labyrinth (utricle, saccule, and semicircular canals), which participate in both hearing and balance. Proper development and life-long function of these structures involves a highly complex coordinated system of spatial and temporal gene expression. The characterization of the inner ear transcriptome is likely important for the functional study of auditory and vestibular components, yet, primarily due to tissue unavailability, detailed expression catalogues of the human inner ear remain largely incomplete. We report here, for the first time, comprehensive transcriptome characterization of the adult human cochlea, ampulla, saccule and utricle of the vestibule obtained from patients without hearing abnormalities. Using RNA-Seq, we measured the expression of >50,000 predicted genes corresponding to approximately 200,000 transcripts, in the adult inner ear and compared it to 32 other human tissues. First, we identified genes preferentially expressed in the inner ear, and unique either to the vestibule or cochlea. Next, we examined expression levels of specific groups of potentially interesting RNAs, such as genes implicated in hearing loss, long non-coding RNAs, pseudogenes and transcripts subject to nonsense mediated decay (NMD). We uncover the spatial specificity of expression of these RNAs in the hearing/balance system, and reveal evidence of tissue specific NMD. Lastly, we investigated the non-syndromic deafness loci to which no gene has been mapped, and narrow the list of potential candidates for each locus. These data represent the first high-resolution transcriptome catalogue of the adult human inner ear. A comprehensive identification of coding and non-coding RNAs in the inner ear will enable pathways of auditory and vestibular function to be further defined in the study of hearing and balance. Expression data are freely accessible at https://www.tgen.org/home/research/research-divisions/neurogenomics/supplementary-data/inner-ear-transcriptome.aspx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Schrauwen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.,Neurogenomics Division and The Dorrance Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 85004 Phoenix, AZ
| | - Yehudit Hasin-Brumshtein
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jason J Corneveaux
- Neurogenomics Division and The Dorrance Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 85004 Phoenix, AZ
| | - Jeffrey Ohmen
- House Ear Institute, Los Angeles 90057, CA, United States
| | - Cory White
- House Ear Institute, Los Angeles 90057, CA, United States.,Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - April N Allen
- Neurogenomics Division and The Dorrance Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 85004 Phoenix, AZ
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division and The Dorrance Center for Rare Childhood Disorders, Translational Genomics Research Institute, 85004 Phoenix, AZ
| | - Rick A Friedman
- Keck School of Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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24
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MiR-204 is responsible for inherited retinal dystrophy associated with ocular coloboma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E3236-45. [PMID: 26056285 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1401464112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular developmental disorders, including the group classified as microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma (MAC) and inherited retinal dystrophies, collectively represent leading causes of hereditary blindness. Characterized by extreme genetic and clinical heterogeneity, the separate groups share many common genetic causes, in particular relating to pathways controlling retinal and retinal pigment epithelial maintenance. To understand these shared pathways and delineate the overlap between these groups, we investigated the genetic cause of an autosomal dominantly inherited condition of retinal dystrophy and bilateral coloboma, present in varying degrees in a large, five-generation family. By linkage analysis and exome sequencing, we identified a previously undescribed heterozygous mutation, n.37 C > T, in the seed region of microRNA-204 (miR-204), which segregates with the disease in all affected individuals. We demonstrated that this mutation determines significant alterations of miR-204 targeting capabilities via in vitro assays, including transcriptome analysis. In vivo injection, in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes), of the mutated miR-204 caused a phenotype consistent with that observed in the family, including photoreceptor alterations with reduced numbers of both cones and rods as a result of increased apoptosis, thereby confirming the pathogenic effect of the n.37 C > T mutation. Finally, knockdown assays in medaka fish demonstrated that miR-204 is necessary for normal photoreceptor function. Overall, these data highlight the importance of miR-204 in the regulation of ocular development and maintenance and provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, of its contribution to eye disease, likely through a gain-of-function mechanism.
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25
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Cvekl A, Ashery-Padan R. The cellular and molecular mechanisms of vertebrate lens development. Development 2014; 141:4432-47. [PMID: 25406393 PMCID: PMC4302924 DOI: 10.1242/dev.107953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ocular lens is a model system for understanding important aspects of embryonic development, such as cell specification and the spatiotemporally controlled formation of a three-dimensional structure. The lens, which is characterized by transparency, refraction and elasticity, is composed of a bulk mass of fiber cells attached to a sheet of lens epithelium. Although lens induction has been studied for over 100 years, recent findings have revealed a myriad of extracellular signaling pathways and gene regulatory networks, integrated and executed by the transcription factor Pax6, that are required for lens formation in vertebrates. This Review summarizes recent progress in the field, emphasizing the interplay between the diverse regulatory mechanisms employed to form lens progenitor and precursor cells and highlighting novel opportunities to fill gaps in our understanding of lens tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Cvekl
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ruth Ashery-Padan
- Sackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, 69978 Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
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26
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Galeano E, Vasconcelos TS, Ramiro DA, De Martin VDF, Carrer H. Identification and validation of quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR reference genes for gene expression analysis in teak (Tectona grandis L.f.). BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:464. [PMID: 25048176 PMCID: PMC4114093 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is currently the preferred choice of the timber trade for fabrication of woody products due to its extraordinary qualities and is widely grown around the world. Gene expression studies are essential to explore wood formation of vascular plants, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) is a sensitive technique employed for quantifying gene expression levels. One or more appropriate reference genes are crucial to accurately compare mRNA transcripts through different tissues/organs and experimental conditions. Despite being the focus of some genetic studies, a lack of molecular information has hindered genetic exploration of teak. To date, qRT-PCR reference genes have not been identified and validated for teak. Results Identification and cloning of nine commonly used qRT-PCR reference genes from teak, including ribosomal protein 60s (rp60s), clathrin adaptor complexes medium subunit family (Cac), actin (Act), histone 3 (His3), sand family (Sand), β-Tubulin (Β-Tub), ubiquitin (Ubq), elongation factor 1-α (Ef-1α), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Expression profiles of these genes were evaluated by qRT-PCR in six tissue and organ samples (leaf, flower, seedling, root, stem and branch secondary xylem) of teak. Appropriate gene cloning and sequencing, primer specificity and amplification efficiency was verified for each gene. Their stability as reference genes was validated by NormFinder, BestKeeper, geNorm and Delta Ct programs. Results obtained from all programs showed that TgUbq and TgEf-1α are the most stable genes to use as qRT-PCR reference genes and TgAct is the most unstable gene in teak. The relative expression of the teak cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (TgCAD) gene in lignified tissues at different ages was assessed by qRT-PCR, using TgUbq and TgEf-1α as internal controls. These analyses exposed a consistent expression pattern with both reference genes. Conclusion This study proposes a first broad collection of teak tissue and organ mRNA expression data for nine selected candidate qRT-PCR reference genes. NormFinder, Bestkeeper, geNorm and Delta Ct analyses suggested that TgUbq and TgEf-1α have the highest expression stability and provided similar results when evaluating TgCAD gene expression, while the commonly used Act should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Helaine Carrer
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Av, Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil.
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Conte I, Merella S, Garcia-Manteiga JM, Migliore C, Lazarevic D, Carrella S, Marco-Ferreres R, Avellino R, Davidson NP, Emmett W, Sanges R, Bockett N, Van Heel D, Meroni G, Bovolenta P, Stupka E, Banfi S. The combination of transcriptomics and informatics identifies pathways targeted by miR-204 during neurogenesis and axon guidance. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:7793-806. [PMID: 24895435 PMCID: PMC4081098 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate organogenesis is critically sensitive to gene dosage and even subtle variations in the expression levels of key genes may result in a variety of tissue anomalies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are fundamental regulators of gene expression and their role in vertebrate tissue patterning is just beginning to be elucidated. To gain further insight into this issue, we analysed the transcriptomic consequences of manipulating the expression of miR-204 in the Medaka fish model system. We used RNA-Seq and an innovative bioinformatics approach, which combines conventional differential expression analysis with the behavior expected by miR-204 targets after its overexpression and knockdown. With this approach combined with a correlative analysis of the putative targets, we identified a wider set of miR-204 target genes belonging to different pathways. Together, these approaches confirmed that miR-204 has a key role in eye development and further highlighted its putative function in neural differentiation processes, including axon guidance as supported by in vivo functional studies. Together, our results demonstrate the advantage of integrating next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics approaches to investigate miRNA biology and provide new important information on the role of miRNAs in the control of axon guidance and more broadly in nervous system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Conte
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Merella
- Center For Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jose Manuel Garcia-Manteiga
- Center For Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Migliore
- CBM Scrl, c/o Area Science Park, Basovizza, 30143 Trieste, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center For Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Carrella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raquel Marco-Ferreres
- Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', CSIC-UAM, c/Nicolas Cabrera 1, Madrid 28049, Spain CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Nicolas Cabrera 1, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Raffaella Avellino
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nathan Paul Davidson
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Warren Emmett
- UCL Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Remo Sanges
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Nicholas Bockett
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - David Van Heel
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
| | - Germana Meroni
- CBM Scrl, c/o Area Science Park, Basovizza, 30143 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Bovolenta
- Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', CSIC-UAM, c/Nicolas Cabrera 1, Madrid 28049, Spain CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), c/ Nicolas Cabrera 1, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Elia Stupka
- Center For Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy Medical Genetics, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Identification and characterization of FGF2-dependent mRNA: microRNA networks during lens fiber cell differentiation. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2013; 3:2239-55. [PMID: 24142921 PMCID: PMC3852386 DOI: 10.1534/g3.113.008698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling regulate a wide range of cellular functions, including cell specification, proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival. In lens, both these systems control lens fiber cell differentiation; however, a possible link between these processes remains to be examined. Herein, the functional requirement for miRNAs in differentiating lens fiber cells was demonstrated via conditional inactivation of Dicer1 in mouse (Mus musculus) lens. To dissect the miRNA-dependent pathways during lens differentiation, we used a rat (Rattus norvegicus) lens epithelial explant system, induced by FGF2 to differentiate, followed by mRNA and miRNA expression profiling. Transcriptome and miRNome analysis identified extensive FGF2-regulated cellular responses that were both independent and dependent on miRNAs. We identified 131 FGF2-regulated miRNAs. Seventy-six of these miRNAs had at least two in silico predicted and inversely regulated target mRNAs. Genes modulated by the greatest number of FGF-regulated miRNAs include DNA-binding transcription factors Nfib, Nfat5/OREBP, c-Maf, Ets1, and N-Myc. Activated FGF signaling influenced bone morphogenetic factor/transforming growth factor-β, Notch, and Wnt signaling cascades implicated earlier in lens differentiation. Specific miRNA:mRNA interaction networks were predicted for c-Maf, N-Myc, and Nfib (DNA-binding transcription factors); Cnot6, Cpsf6, Dicer1, and Tnrc6b (RNA to miRNA processing); and Ash1l, Med1/PBP, and Kdm5b/Jarid1b/Plu1 (chromatin remodeling). Three miRNAs, including miR-143, miR-155, and miR-301a, down-regulated expression of c-Maf in the 3′-UTR luciferase reporter assays. These present studies demonstrate for the first time global impact of activated FGF signaling in lens cell culture system and predicted novel gene regulatory networks connected by multiple miRNAs that regulate lens differentiation.
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Hombach S, Kretz M. The non-coding skin: Exploring the roles of long non-coding RNAs in epidermal homeostasis and disease. Bioessays 2013; 35:1093-100. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201300068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Hombach
- Institute of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology; University of Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
| | - Markus Kretz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology; University of Regensburg; Regensburg Germany
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