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Foret MK, Orciani C, Welikovitch LA, Huang C, Cuello AC, Do Carmo S. Early oxidative stress and DNA damage in Aβ-burdened hippocampal neurons in an Alzheimer's-like transgenic rat model. Commun Biol 2024; 7:861. [PMID: 39004677 PMCID: PMC11247100 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key contributor to AD pathology. However, the earliest role of pre-plaque neuronal oxidative stress, remains elusive. Using laser microdissected hippocampal neurons extracted from McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic rats we found that intraneuronal amyloid beta (iAβ)-burdened neurons had increased expression of genes related to oxidative stress and DNA damage responses including Ercc2, Fancc, Sod2, Gsr, and Idh1. DNA damage was further evidenced by increased neuronal levels of XPD (Ercc2) and γH2AX foci, indicative of DNA double stranded breaks (DSBs), and by increased expression of Ercc6, Rad51, and Fen1, and decreased Sirt6 in hippocampal homogenates. We also found increased expression of synaptic plasticity genes (Grin2b (NR2B), CamkIIα, Bdnf, c-fos, and Homer1A) and increased protein levels of TOP2β. Our findings indicate that early accumulation of iAβ, prior to Aβ plaques, is accompanied by incipient oxidative stress and DSBs that may arise directly from oxidative stress or from maladaptive synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan K Foret
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chiara Orciani
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Chunwei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Claudio Cuello
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
| | - Sonia Do Carmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Jain A, Casanova D, Padilla AV, Paniagua Bojorges A, Kotla S, Ko KA, Samanthapudi VSK, Chau K, Nguyen MTH, Wen J, Hernandez Gonzalez SL, Rodgers SP, Olmsted-Davis EA, Hamilton DJ, Reyes-Gibby C, Yeung SCJ, Cooke JP, Herrmann J, Chini EN, Xu X, Yusuf SW, Yoshimoto M, Lorenzi PL, Hobbs B, Krishnan S, Koutroumpakis E, Palaskas NL, Wang G, Deswal A, Lin SH, Abe JI, Le NT. Premature senescence and cardiovascular disease following cancer treatments: mechanistic insights. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1212174. [PMID: 37781317 PMCID: PMC10540075 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among the aging population. The "response-to-injury" model proposed by Dr. Russell Ross in 1999 emphasizes inflammation as a critical factor in atherosclerosis development, with atherosclerotic plaques forming due to endothelial cell (EC) injury, followed by myeloid cell adhesion and invasion into the blood vessel walls. Recent evidence indicates that cancer and its treatments can lead to long-term complications, including CVD. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is implicated in CVD pathogenesis, particularly in cancer survivors. However, the precise mechanisms linking premature senescence to CVD in cancer survivors remain poorly understood. This article aims to provide mechanistic insights into this association and propose future directions to better comprehend this complex interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashita Jain
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Diego Casanova
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kyung Ae Ko
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Khanh Chau
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Minh T. H. Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jake Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Shaefali P. Rodgers
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - Dale J. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cielito Reyes-Gibby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sai-Ching J. Yeung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John P. Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Cardio Oncology Clinic, Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Eduardo N. Chini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Syed Wamique Yusuf
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Philip L. Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Division of VP Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Brain Hobbs
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Efstratios Koutroumpakis
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nicolas L. Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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Costa MB, Farias IR, da Silva Monte C, Filho LIPF, de Paula Borges D, de Oliveira RTG, Ribeiro-Junior HL, Magalhães SMM, Pinheiro RF. Chromosomal abnormalities and dysregulated DNA repair gene expression in farmers exposed to pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:103564. [PMID: 33326828 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides is considered a major factor underlying increased risk of hematological disorders in agricultural workers due to its carcinogenic potential. However, genotoxic impact of pesticides in DNA integrity of bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) of farmers exposed is not yet well known. We evaluated presence of chromosomal abnormalities (CA) and mRNA expression of DNA repair targets (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, XRCC5, XRCC6, LIG4, CSA, CSB, XPA, XPC, XPG) in 90 bone marrow samples of farmers divided into three groups: commercial farming (CF), family farming (FF) and organic farming (OF). Our results showed that farmers in CF (72.7 %) and FF (27.3 %) groups had significantly higher values of CA when compared to OF group (0.0 %; p = 0.003). CF showed lower XPG (p = 0.008), CSA (p < 0.001), ATM (p = 0.036) and LIG4 (p = 0.004) mRNA expression than OF. FF presented lower XPG (p = 0.012) and LIG4 (p = 0.004) expression than OF. CF + FF individual with ≥12 years of exposure to pesticides showed decreased mRNA expression of XPC (p = 0.001), XPG (p = 0.010), CSB (p = 0.05), ATM (p = 0.030) and LIG4 (p = 0.044) than those who have been exposed for <12 years. CF + FF with CA showed a lower expression of BRCA2 when compared to CF + FF group without CA (p = 0.007). These results highlight that genotoxic exposure to pesticides negatively affects expression profile of important DNA repair genes in BMSC, favoring irreparable chromosomal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Braga Costa
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Rocha Farias
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cristiane da Silva Monte
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ivando Pires Ferreira Filho
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Paula Borges
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Roberta Taiane Germano de Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Howard Lopes Ribeiro-Junior
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Silvia Maria Meira Magalhães
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Clinical Medicine Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Ronald Feitosa Pinheiro
- Cancer Cytogenomic Laboratory, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Clinical Medicine Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Translational Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Pathology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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Beksac M, Balli S, Akcora Yildiz D. Drug Targeting of Genomic Instability in Multiple Myeloma. Front Genet 2020; 11:228. [PMID: 32373151 PMCID: PMC7179656 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability can be observed at both chromosomal and chromatin levels. Instability at the macro level includes centrosome abnormalities (CA) resulting in numerical as well as structural chromosomal changes, whereas instability at the micro level is characterized by defects in DNA repair pathways resulting in microsatellite instability (MIN) or mutations. Genomic instability occurs during carcinogenesis without impairing survival and growth, though the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Solid tumors arising from most cells of epithelial origin are characterized by genomic instability which renders them resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This instability is also observed in 25% of myeloma patients and has been shown to be highly prognostic, independently of the international staging system (ISS). However, a biomarker of aberrant DNA repair and loss of heterozygosity (LOH), was only observed at a frequency of 5% in newly diagnosed patients. Several new molecules targeting the pathways involved in genomic instability are under development and some have already entered clinical trials. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP) inhibitors have been FDA-approved for the treatment of breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1)-mutated metastatic breast cancer, as well as ovarian and lung cancer. Topoisomerase inhibitors and epigenetic histone modification-targeting inhibitors, such as HDAC (Histone Deacetylase) inhibitors which are novel agents that can target genomic instability. Several of the small molecule inhibitors targeting chromosomal level instability such as PARP, Akt, Aurora kinase, cyclin dependent kinase or spindle kinase inhibitors have been tested in mouse models and early phase I/II trials. ATM, ATR kinase inhibitors and DNA helicase inhibitors are also promising novel agents. However, most of these drugs are not effective as single agents but appear to act synergistically with DNA damaging agents such as radiotherapy, platinum derivatives, immunomodulators, and proteasome inhibitors. In this review, new drugs targeting genomic instability and their mechanisms of action will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Beksac
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevinc Balli
- Kars Selim Public Hospital, Internal Medicine, Kars, Turkey
| | - Dilara Akcora Yildiz
- Department of Biology, Science & Art Faculty, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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Brosh RM, Matson SW. History of DNA Helicases. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11030255. [PMID: 32120966 PMCID: PMC7140857 DOI: 10.3390/genes11030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the DNA double helix, there has been a fascination in understanding the molecular mechanisms and cellular processes that account for: (i) the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next and (ii) the remarkable stability of the genome. Nucleic acid biologists have endeavored to unravel the mysteries of DNA not only to understand the processes of DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription but to also characterize the underlying basis of genetic diseases characterized by chromosomal instability. Perhaps unexpectedly at first, DNA helicases have arisen as a key class of enzymes to study in this latter capacity. From the first discovery of ATP-dependent DNA unwinding enzymes in the mid 1970's to the burgeoning of helicase-dependent pathways found to be prevalent in all kingdoms of life, the story of scientific discovery in helicase research is rich and informative. Over four decades after their discovery, we take this opportunity to provide a history of DNA helicases. No doubt, many chapters are left to be written. Nonetheless, at this juncture we are privileged to share our perspective on the DNA helicase field - where it has been, its current state, and where it is headed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Brosh
- Section on DNA Helicases, Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Correspondence: (R.M.B.J.); (S.W.M.); Tel.: +1-410-558-8578 (R.M.B.J.); +1-919-962-0005 (S.W.M.)
| | - Steven W. Matson
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Correspondence: (R.M.B.J.); (S.W.M.); Tel.: +1-410-558-8578 (R.M.B.J.); +1-919-962-0005 (S.W.M.)
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6
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Can synthetic lethality approach be used with DNA repair genes for primary and secondary MDS? Med Oncol 2019; 36:99. [PMID: 31667665 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-specific defects in DNA repair pathways create the opportunity to employ synthetic lethality approach. Recently, GEMA (gene expression and mutation analysis) approach detected insufficient expression of BRCA or NHEJ (non-homologous end joining) to predict PARP inhibitors response. We evaluated a possible role of DNA repair pathways using gene expression of single-strand break (XPA, XPC, XPG/ERCC5, CSA/ERCC8, and CSB/ERCC6) and double-strand break (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, XRCC5, XRCC6, LIG4) in 92 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (73 de novo, 9 therapy-related (t-MDS). Therapy-related MDS (t-MDS) demonstrated a significant downregulation of axis BRCA1-BRCA2-RAD51 comparing to normal controls (p = 0.048, p = 0.001, p = 0.001). XRCC6 showed significantly low expression in de novo MDS comparing to controls (p = 0.039) and for patients who presented chromosomal abnormalities (p = 0.047). Downregulation of LIG4 was consistently associated with poor prognostic markers in de novo MDS (hemoglobin < 8 g/dL (p = 0.040), neutrophils < 800/mm3 (p < 0.001), patients with excess of blasts (p = 0.001), very high (p = 0.002)/high IPSS-R (p = 0.043) and AML transformation (p < 0.001). We also performed an evaluation of GEPIA Database in 30 cancer types and detected a typical pattern of downregulation as here presented in primary or secondary MDS. All these results suggest synthetic lethality approach can be tested with DNA repair genes (beyond that of BRCA1/2 status) for de novo and therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome and may encourage clinical trials evaluating the use of PARP1 inhibitors in MDS.
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Bishehsari F, Zhang L, Voigt RM, Maltby N, Semsarieh B, Zorub E, Shaikh M, Wilber S, Armstrong AR, Mirbagheri SS, Preite NZ, Song P, Stornetta A, Balbo S, Forsyth CB, Keshavarzian A. Alcohol Effects on Colon Epithelium are Time-Dependent. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1898-1908. [PMID: 31237690 PMCID: PMC6722020 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol intake increases the risk of developing colon cancer. Circadian disruption promotes alcohol's effect on colon carcinogenesis through unknown mechanisms. Alcohol's metabolites induce DNA damage, an early step in carcinogenesis. We assessed the effect of time of alcohol consumption on markers of tissue damage in the colonic epithelium. METHODS Mice were treated by alcohol or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), at 4-hour intervals for 3 days, and their colons were analyzed for (i) proliferation (Ki67) and antiapoptosis (Bcl-2) markers, (ii) DNA damage (γ-H2AX), and (iii) the major acetaldehyde (AcH)-DNA adduct, N2 -ethylidene-dG. To model circadian disruption, mice were shifted once weekly for 12 h and then were sacrificed at 4-hour intervals. Samples of mice with a dysfunctional molecular clock were analyzed. The dynamics of DNA damage repair from AcH treatment as well as role of xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group A (XPA) in their repair were studied in vitro. RESULTS Proliferation and survival of colonic epithelium have daily rhythmicity. Alcohol induced colonic epithelium proliferation in a time-dependent manner, with a stronger effect during the light/rest period. Alcohol-associated DNA damage also occurred more when alcohol was given at light. Levels of DNA adduct did not vary by time, suggesting rather lower repair efficiency during the light versus dark. XPA gene expression, a key excision repair gene, was time-dependent, peaking at the beginning of the dark. XPA knockout colon epithelial cells were inefficient in repair of the DNA damage induced by alcohol's metabolite. CONCLUSIONS Time of day of alcohol intake may be an important determinant of colon tissue damage and carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Bishehsari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Robin M. Voigt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Natalie Maltby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Bita Semsarieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Eyas Zorub
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Maliha Shaikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Sherry Wilber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Andrew R Armstrong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Seyed Sina Mirbagheri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Nailliw Z. Preite
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Peter Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Alessia Stornetta
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455
| | - Silvia Balbo
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455
| | - Christopher B. Forsyth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
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8
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Zhang S, Mo Q, Wang X. Oncological role of HMGA2 (Review). Int J Oncol 2019; 55:775-788. [PMID: 31432151 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) protein is a non‑histone architectural transcription factor that modulates the transcription of several genes by binding to AT‑rich sequences in the minor groove of B‑form DNA and alters the chromatin structure. As a result, HMGA2 influences a variety of biological processes, including the cell cycle process, DNA damage repair process, apoptosis, senescence, epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and telomere restoration. In addition, the overexpression of HMGA2 is a feature of malignancy, and its elevated expression in human cancer predicts the efficacy of certain chemotherapeutic agents. Accumulating evidence has suggested that the detection of HMGA2 can be used as a routine procedure in clinical tumour analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Qiuping Mo
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
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9
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Que Q, Chen Z, Kelliher T, Skibbe D, Dong S, Chilton MD. Plant DNA Repair Pathways and Their Applications in Genome Engineering. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1917:3-24. [PMID: 30610624 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8991-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable progress in the development of technologies for sequence-specific modification of primary DNA sequences has enabled the precise engineering of crops with novel characteristics. These programmable sequence-specific modifiers include site-directed nucleases (SDNs) and base editors (BEs). Currently, these genome editing machineries can be targeted to specific chromosomal locations to induce sequence changes. However, the sequence mutation outcomes are often greatly influenced by the type of DNA damage being generated, the status of host DNA repair machinery, and the presence and structure of DNA repair donor molecule. The outcome of sequence modification from repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is often uncontrollable, resulting in unpredictable sequence insertions or deletions of various sizes. For base editing, the precision of intended edits is much higher, but the efficiency can vary greatly depending on the type of BE used or the activity of the endogenous DNA repair systems. This article will briefly review the possible DNA repair pathways present in the plant cells commonly used for generating edited variants for genome engineering applications. We will discuss the potential use of DNA repair mechanisms for developing and improving methodologies to enhance genome engineering efficiency and to direct DNA repair processes toward the desired outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiudeng Que
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Zhongying Chen
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Tim Kelliher
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - David Skibbe
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Shujie Dong
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mary-Dell Chilton
- Seeds Research, Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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10
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Mu H, Geacintov NE, Broyde S, Yeo JE, Schärer OD. Molecular basis for damage recognition and verification by XPC-RAD23B and TFIIH in nucleotide excision repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 71:33-42. [PMID: 30174301 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) is the main pathway for the removal of bulky lesions from DNA and is characterized by an extraordinarily wide substrate specificity. Remarkably, the efficiency of lesion removal varies dramatically and certain lesions escape repair altogether and are therefore associated with high levels of mutagenicity. Central to the multistep mechanism of damage recognition in NER is the sensing of lesion-induced thermodynamic and structural alterations of DNA by the XPC-RAD23B protein and the verification of the damage by the transcription/repair factor TFIIH. Additional factors contribute to the process: UV-DDB, for the recognition of certain UV-induced lesions in particular in the context of chromatin, while the XPA protein is believed to have a role in damage verification and NER complex assembly. Here we consider the molecular mechanisms that determine repair efficiency in GG-NER based on recent structural, computational, biochemical, cellular and single molecule studies of XPC-RAD23B and its yeast ortholog Rad4. We discuss how the actions of XPC-RAD23B are integrated with those of other NER proteins and, based on recent high-resolution structures of TFIIH, present a structural model of how XPC-RAD23B and TFIIH cooperate in damage recognition and verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Mu
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | | | - Suse Broyde
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Jung-Eun Yeo
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Orlando D Schärer
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, Ulsan, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
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RAD4 and RAD23/HMR Contribute to Arabidopsis UV Tolerance. Genes (Basel) 2017; 9:genes9010008. [PMID: 29283431 PMCID: PMC5793161 DOI: 10.3390/genes9010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) light is unavoidable, resulting in DNA damage. Damaged DNA causes mutations, replication arrest, and cell death, thus efficient repair of the damaged DNA is essential. A light-independent DNA repair pathway called nucleotide excision repair (NER) is conserved throughout evolution. For example, the damaged DNA-binding protein Radiation sensitive 4 (Rad4) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is homologous to the mammalian NER protein Xeroderma Pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC). In this study, we examined the role of the Arabidopsis thaliana Rad4/XPC homologue (AtRAD4) in plant UV tolerance by generating overexpression lines. AtRAD4 overexpression, both with and without an N-terminal yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) tag, resulted in increased UV tolerance. YFP-RAD4 localized to the nucleus, and UV treatment did not alter this localization. We also used yeast two-hybrid analysis to examine the interaction of AtRAD4 with Arabidopsis RAD23 and found that RAD4 interacted with RAD23B as well as with the structurally similar protein HEMERA (HMR). In addition, we found that hmr and rad23 mutants exhibited increased UV sensitivity. Thus, our analysis suggests a role for RAD4 and RAD23/HMR in plant UV tolerance.
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12
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RecQ and Fe-S helicases have unique roles in DNA metabolism dictated by their unwinding directionality, substrate specificity, and protein interactions. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 46:77-95. [PMID: 29273621 DOI: 10.1042/bst20170044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Helicases are molecular motors that play central roles in nucleic acid metabolism. Mutations in genes encoding DNA helicases of the RecQ and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) helicase families are linked to hereditary disorders characterized by chromosomal instabilities, highlighting the importance of these enzymes. Moreover, mono-allelic RecQ and Fe-S helicase mutations are associated with a broad spectrum of cancers. This review will discuss and contrast the specialized molecular functions and biological roles of RecQ and Fe-S helicases in DNA repair, the replication stress response, and the regulation of gene expression, laying a foundation for continued research in these important areas of study.
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13
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Wilson DM, Rieckher M, Williams AB, Schumacher B. Systematic analysis of DNA crosslink repair pathways during development and aging in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:9467-9480. [PMID: 28934497 PMCID: PMC5766164 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are generated by endogenous sources and chemotherapeutics, and pose a threat to genome stability and cell survival. Using Caenorhabditis elegans mutants, we identify DNA repair factors that protect against the genotoxicity of ICLs generated by trioxsalen/ultraviolet A (TMP/UVA) during development and aging. Mutations in nucleotide excision repair (NER) components (e.g. XPA-1 and XPF-1) imparted extreme sensitivity to TMP/UVA relative to wild-type animals, manifested as developmental arrest, defects in adult tissue morphology and functionality, and shortened lifespan. Compensatory roles for global-genome (XPC-1) and transcription-coupled (CSB-1) NER in ICL sensing were exposed. The analysis also revealed contributions of homologous recombination (BRC-1/BRCA1), the MUS-81, EXO-1, SLX-1 and FAN-1 nucleases, and the DOG-1 (FANCJ) helicase in ICL resolution, influenced by the replicative-status of the cell/tissue. No obvious or critical role in ICL repair was seen for non-homologous end-joining (cku-80) or base excision repair (nth-1, exo-3), the Fanconi-related proteins BRC-2 (BRCA2/FANCD1) and FCD-2 (FANCD2), the WRN-1 or HIM-6 (BLM) helicases, or the GEN-1 or MRT-1 (SNM1) nucleases. Our efforts uncover replication-dependent and -independent ICL repair networks, and establish nematodes as a model for investigating the repair and consequences of DNA crosslinks in metazoan development and in adult post-mitotic and proliferative germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Wilson
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Matthias Rieckher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ashley B Williams
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Institute for Genome Stability in Aging and Disease, Medical Faculty, Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (Sybacol), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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Non-canonical reader modules of BAZ1A promote recovery from DNA damage. Nat Commun 2017; 8:862. [PMID: 29021563 PMCID: PMC5636791 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the ISWI family of chromatin remodelers mobilize nucleosomes to control DNA accessibility and, in some cases, are required for recovery from DNA damage. However, it remains poorly understood how the non-catalytic ISWI subunits BAZ1A and BAZ1B might contact chromatin to direct the ATPase SMARCA5. Here, we find that the plant homeodomain of BAZ1A, but not that of BAZ1B, has the unusual function of binding DNA. Furthermore, the BAZ1A bromodomain has a non-canonical gatekeeper residue and binds relatively weakly to acetylated histone peptides. Using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing we find that BAZ1A and BAZ1B each recruit SMARCA5 to sites of damaged chromatin and promote survival. Genetic engineering of structure-designed bromodomain and plant homeodomain mutants reveals that reader modules of BAZ1A and BAZ1B, even when non-standard, are critical for DNA damage recovery in part by regulating ISWI factors loading at DNA lesions and supporting transcriptional programs required for survival. ISWI chromatin remodelers regulate DNA accessibility and have been implicated in DNA damage repair. Here, the authors uncover functions, in response to DNA damage, for the bromodomain of the ISWI subunit BAZ1B and for the non-canonical PHD and bromodomain modules of the paralog BAZ1A.
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15
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Sugitani N, Voehler MW, Roh MS, Topolska-Woś AM, Chazin WJ. Analysis of DNA binding by human factor xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group A (XPA) provides insight into its interactions with nucleotide excision repair substrates. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:16847-16857. [PMID: 28860187 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.800078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) complementation group A (XPA) is an essential scaffolding protein in the multiprotein nucleotide excision repair (NER) machinery. The interaction of XPA with DNA is a core function of this protein; a number of mutations in the DNA-binding domain (DBD) are associated with XP disease. Although structures of the central globular domain of human XPA and data on binding of DNA substrates have been reported, the structural basis for XPA's DNA-binding activity remains unknown. X-ray crystal structures of the central globular domain of yeast XPA (Rad14) with lesion-containing DNA duplexes have provided valuable insights, but the DNA substrates used for this study do not correspond to the substrates of XPA as it functions within the NER machinery. To better understand the DNA-binding activity of human XPA in NER, we used NMR to investigate the interaction of its DBD with a range of DNA substrates. We found that XPA binds different single-stranded/double-stranded junction DNA substrates with a common surface. Comparisons of our NMR-based mapping of binding residues with the previously reported Rad14-DNA crystal structures revealed similarities and differences in substrate binding between XPA and Rad14. This includes direct evidence for DNA contacts to the residues extending C-terminally from the globular core, which are lacking in the Rad14 construct. Moreover, mutation of the XPA residue corresponding to Phe-262 in Rad14, previously reported as being critical for DNA binding, had only a moderate effect on the DNA-binding activity of XPA. The DNA-binding properties of several disease-associated mutations in the DBD were investigated. These results suggest that for XPA mutants exhibiting altered DNA-binding properties, a correlation exists between the extent of reduction in DNA-binding affinity and the severity of symptoms in XP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norie Sugitani
- From the Departments of Chemistry and.,the Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-7917
| | - Markus W Voehler
- From the Departments of Chemistry and.,the Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-7917
| | | | - Agnieszka M Topolska-Woś
- the Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-7917.,Biochemistry and
| | - Walter J Chazin
- From the Departments of Chemistry and .,the Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-7917.,Biochemistry and
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16
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New polymorphisms of Xeroderma Pigmentosum DNA repair genes in myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 2017; 58:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Nucleotide excision repair is a potential therapeutic target in multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2017; 32:111-119. [PMID: 28588253 PMCID: PMC5720937 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the development of novel drugs, alkylating agents remain an important component of therapy in multiple myeloma (MM). DNA repair processes contribute towards sensitivity to alkylating agents and therefore we here evaluate the role of nucleotide excision repair (NER), which is involved in the removal of bulky adducts and DNA crosslinks in MM. We first evaluated NER activity using a novel functional assay and observed a heterogeneous NER efficiency in MM cell lines and patient samples. Using next-generation sequencing data, we identified that expression of the canonical NER gene, excision repair cross-complementation group 3 (ERCC3), significantly impacted the outcome in newly diagnosed MM patients treated with alkylating agents. Next, using small RNA interference, stable knockdown and overexpression, and small-molecule inhibitors targeting xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group B (XPB), the DNA helicase encoded by ERCC3, we demonstrate that NER inhibition significantly increases sensitivity and overcomes resistance to alkylating agents in MM. Moreover, inhibiting XPB leads to the dual inhibition of NER and transcription and is particularly efficient in myeloma cells. Altogether, we show that NER impacts alkylating agents sensitivity in myeloma cells and identify ERCC3 as a potential therapeutic target in MM.
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18
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Ribeiro HL, Maia ARS, de Oliveira RTG, Costa MB, Farias IR, de Paula Borges D, de Sousa JC, Magalhães SMM, Pinheiro RF. DNA repair gene expressions are related to bone marrow cellularity in myelodysplastic syndrome. J Clin Pathol 2017; 70:970-980. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-204269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the expression of genes related to nuclear excision (ERCC8, XPA and XPC), homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining (ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2 and LIG4) repair mechanisms, using quantitative PCR methodologies, and it relation with bone marrow cellularity in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).Methods and resultsA total of 51 adult de novo patients with MDS (3 refractory anaemia (RA), 11 refractory anaemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), 28 refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (RCMD), 3 refractory anaemia with excess blasts type I (RAEB-I), 5 refractory anaemia with excess blasts type II (RAEB-II), and 1 chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) were evaluated. For karyotype, 16.2% patients were defined as very low prognosis, 59.5% low risk, 8.1% intermediate risk, 5.4% high risk and 10.8% very high risk. For bone marrow cellularity, 17.6%, 17.6% and 64.7% presented as hypocellular, normocellular and hypercellular, respectively. Patients with hypocellular MDS had significantly decreased expression of ATM (p=0.000), BRCA1 (p=0.014), BRCA2 (p=0.003), LIG4 (p=0.004) and ERCC8 (p=0.000) than those with normocellular/hypercellular bone marrow, whereas XPA (p=0.049) and XPC (p=0.000) genes were increased. In patients with hypoplastic MDS, a low expression of ATM (p=0.0268), LIG4 (p=0.0199) and ERCC8 (p=0.0493) was significantly associated with the presence of chromosomal abnormalities. We detected positive correlations between BRCA1 and BRCA2 (r=0.416; p=0.007), ATM and LIG4 (r=0.472; p=0.001), LIG4 and BRCA1 (r=0.333; p=0.026), LIG4 and BRCA2 (r=0.334; p=0.025), ATM and XPA (r=0.377; p=0.008), ATM and XPC (r=0.287; p=0.046), LIG4 and XPC (r=0.371; p=0.007) and XPA and XPC genes (r=0.895; p=0.0000). We also found among all patients evaluated that correlation with LIG4 occurred most often.ConclusionsThese correlations demonstrate the important intrinsic relations between single and double DNA strand breaks genes in MDS, emphasising that these genes are related to MDS pathogenesis.
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19
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Spampinato CP. Protecting DNA from errors and damage: an overview of DNA repair mechanisms in plants compared to mammals. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1693-1709. [PMID: 27999897 PMCID: PMC11107726 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2436-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The genome integrity of all organisms is constantly threatened by replication errors and DNA damage arising from endogenous and exogenous sources. Such base pair anomalies must be accurately repaired to prevent mutagenesis and/or lethality. Thus, it is not surprising that cells have evolved multiple and partially overlapping DNA repair pathways to correct specific types of DNA errors and lesions. Great progress in unraveling these repair mechanisms at the molecular level has been made by several talented researchers, among them Tomas Lindahl, Aziz Sancar, and Paul Modrich, all three Nobel laureates in Chemistry for 2015. Much of this knowledge comes from studies performed in bacteria, yeast, and mammals and has impacted research in plant systems. Two plant features should be mentioned. Plants differ from higher eukaryotes in that they lack a reserve germline and cannot avoid environmental stresses. Therefore, plants have evolved different strategies to sustain genome fidelity through generations and continuous exposure to genotoxic stresses. These strategies include the presence of unique or multiple paralogous genes with partially overlapping DNA repair activities. Yet, in spite (or because) of these differences, plants, especially Arabidopsis thaliana, can be used as a model organism for functional studies. Some advantages of this model system are worth mentioning: short life cycle, availability of both homozygous and heterozygous lines for many genes, plant transformation techniques, tissue culture methods and reporter systems for gene expression and function studies. Here, I provide a current understanding of DNA repair genes in plants, with a special focus on A. thaliana. It is expected that this review will be a valuable resource for future functional studies in the DNA repair field, both in plants and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia P Spampinato
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina.
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20
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Zhi Y, Ji H, Pan J, He P, Zhou X, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Chen Z. Downregulated XPA promotes carcinogenesis of bladder cancer via impairment of DNA repair. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317691679. [PMID: 28222669 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317691679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of urinary system, largely resulting from failure of repair of DNA damage to the environmental insults. The function of XPA in nucleotide excision repair pathway has been well documented. However, participation of XPA in the repair of DNA double-strand break remains unknown. Here, we reported that bladder cancer expressed low XPA levels compared to adjacent non-tumor bladder tissue, and this phenotype was closely associated with chromosomal aberrations. Moreover, downregulated XPA appeared to increase incidence of chromosome aberration. XPA reduction increased cell viability of a bladder cancer cell line RT4, while XPA re-expression decreased the cell viability of RT4 cells. Since high mutation frequency is the basis of mutations of oncogenes and anti-oncogenes, and may be the essence of bladder cancer susceptibility, our study suggests that downregulated XPA may promote carcinogenesis of bladder cancer via impairment of DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhi
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huixiang Ji
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhong Pan
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng He
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhou
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhansong Zhou
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwen Chen
- Urology Institute of People Liberation Army, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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21
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Adam S, Dabin J, Chevallier O, Leroy O, Baldeyron C, Corpet A, Lomonte P, Renaud O, Almouzni G, Polo SE. Real-Time Tracking of Parental Histones Reveals Their Contribution to Chromatin Integrity Following DNA Damage. Mol Cell 2016; 64:65-78. [PMID: 27642047 PMCID: PMC5065526 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin integrity is critical for cell function and identity but is challenged by DNA damage. To understand how chromatin architecture and the information that it conveys are preserved or altered following genotoxic stress, we established a system for real-time tracking of parental histones, which characterize the pre-damage chromatin state. Focusing on histone H3 dynamics after local UVC irradiation in human cells, we demonstrate that parental histones rapidly redistribute around damaged regions by a dual mechanism combining chromatin opening and histone mobilization on chromatin. Importantly, parental histones almost entirely recover and mix with new histones in repairing chromatin. Our data further define a close coordination of parental histone dynamics with DNA repair progression through the damage sensor DDB2 (DNA damage-binding protein 2). We speculate that this mechanism may contribute to maintaining a memory of the original chromatin landscape and may help preserve epigenome stability in response to DNA damage. Parental H3 histones redistribute to the periphery of UVC-damaged regions The redistribution involves histone mobilization on chromatin and chromatin opening Parental histones recover massively during repair progression Parental histone dynamics may help coordinate DNA repair with epigenome integrity
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Adam
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, UMR7216 CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France; Laboratory of Nuclear Dynamics, UMR3664 CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Juliette Dabin
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, UMR7216 CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Odile Chevallier
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, UMR7216 CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Leroy
- Plateforme Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire-Infrastructure en Biologie Santé et Agronomie, UMR3215 CNRS/U934 INSERM, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline Baldeyron
- Laboratory of Nuclear Dynamics, UMR3664 CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Armelle Corpet
- Team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Institut NeuroMyoGène, LabEx DEVweCAN, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR5310 CNRS/U1217 INSERM, F-69100 Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Lomonte
- Team Chromatin Assembly, Nuclear Domains, Virus, Institut NeuroMyoGène, LabEx DEVweCAN, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR5310 CNRS/U1217 INSERM, F-69100 Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Renaud
- Plateforme Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire-Infrastructure en Biologie Santé et Agronomie, UMR3215 CNRS/U934 INSERM, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Geneviève Almouzni
- Laboratory of Nuclear Dynamics, UMR3664 CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sophie E Polo
- Epigenetics & Cell Fate Centre, UMR7216 CNRS, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France.
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22
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Publisher’s Note. DNA Repair (Amst) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Simon N, Ebert C, Schneider S. Structural Basis for Bulky-Adduct DNA-Lesion Recognition by the Nucleotide Excision Repair Protein Rad14. Chemistry 2016; 22:10782-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Simon
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM; Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München; Butenandtstrasse 13 81377 München Germany
| | - Charlotte Ebert
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM; Department of Chemistry; Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München; Butenandtstrasse 13 81377 München Germany
| | - Sabine Schneider
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CIPSM; Department of Chemistry; Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstrasse 4 85748 Garching Germany
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Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) protects genome stability by eliminating DNA helix distorting lesions, such as those induced by UV radiation. The addition and removal of ubiquitin, namely, ubiquitination and deubiquitination, have recently been demonstrated as general mechanisms to regulate protein functions. Accumulating evidence shows that several NER factors are subjected to extensive regulation by ubiquitination and deubiquitination. Thus, the balance between E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzyme activities can dynamically alter the ubiquitin landscape at DNA damage sites, thereby regulating NER efficiency. Current knowledge about XPC ubiquitination by different ubiquitin E3 ligases highlights the importance of ubiquitin linkage types in regulating XPC binding and release from damaged DNA. Here, we discuss the emerging roles of deubiquitinating enzymes and their ubiquitin linkage specificities in NER.
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25
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Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes are packaged into chromatin, which is the physiological substrate for all DNA transactions, including DNA damage and repair. Chromatin organization imposes major constraints on DNA damage repair and thus undergoes critical rearrangements during the repair process. These rearrangements have been integrated into the "access-repair-restore" (ARR) model, which provides a molecular framework for chromatin dynamics in response to DNA damage. Here, we take a historical perspective on the elaboration of this model and describe the molecular players involved in damaged chromatin reorganization in human cells. In particular, we present our current knowledge of chromatin assembly coupled to DNA damage repair, focusing on the role of histone variants and their dedicated chaperones. Finally, we discuss the impact of chromatin rearrangements after DNA damage on chromatin function and epigenome maintenance.
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14-3-3σ confers cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells via regulating DNA repair molecules. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:2127-36. [PMID: 26346170 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant type of esophageal cancer in Asia. Cisplatin is commonly used in chemoradiation for unresectable ESCC patients. However, the treatment efficacy is diminished in patients with established cisplatin resistance. To understand the mechanism leading to the development of cisplatin resistance in ESCC, we compared the proteomes from a cisplatin-resistant HKESC-2R cell line with its parental-sensitive counterpart HKESC-2 to identify key molecule involved in this process. Mass spectrometry analysis detected 14-3-3σ as the most abundant molecule expressed exclusively in HKESC-2R cells, while western blot result further validated it to be highly expressed in HKESC-2R cells when compared to HKESC-2 cells. Ectopic expression of 14-3-3σ increased cisplatin resistance in HKESC-2 cells, while its suppression sensitized SLMT-1 cells to cisplatin. Among the molecules involved in drug detoxification, drug transportation, and DNA repair, the examined DNA repair molecules HMGB1 and XPA were found to be highly expressed in HKESC-2R cells with high 14-3-3σ expression. Subsequent manipulation of 14-3-3σ by both overexpression and knockdown approaches concurrently altered the expression of HMGB1 and XPA. 14-3-3σ, HMGB1, and XPA were preferentially expressed in cisplatin-resistant SLMT-1 cells when compared to those more sensitive to cisplatin. In ESCC patients with poor response to cisplatin-based chemoradiation, their pre-treatment tumors expressed higher expression of HMGB1 than those with response to such treatment. In summary, our results demonstrate that 14-3-3σ induces cisplatin resistance in ESCC cells and that 14-3-3σ-mediated cisplatin resistance involves DNA repair molecules HMGB1 and XPA. Results from this study provide evidences for further work in researching the potential use of 14-3-3σ and DNA repair molecules HMGB1 and XPA as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC.
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27
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Liu Z, Ding S, Kropachev K, Lei J, Amin S, Broyde S, Geacintov NE. Resistance to Nucleotide Excision Repair of Bulky Guanine Adducts Opposite Abasic Sites in DNA Duplexes and Relationships between Structure and Function. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137124. [PMID: 26340000 PMCID: PMC4560436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide excision repair of certain bulky DNA lesions is abrogated in some specific non-canonical DNA base sequence contexts, while the removal of the same lesions by the nucleotide excision repair mechanism is efficient in duplexes in which all base pairs are complementary. Here we show that the nucleotide excision repair activity in human cell extracts is moderate-to-high in the case of two stereoisomeric DNA lesions derived from the pro-carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (cis- and trans-B[a]P-N2-dG adducts) in a normal DNA duplex. By contrast, the nucleotide excision repair activity is completely abrogated when the canonical cytosine base opposite the B[a]P-dG adducts is replaced by an abasic site in duplex DNA. However, base excision repair of the abasic site persists. In order to understand the structural origins of these striking phenomena, we used NMR and molecular spectroscopy techniques to evaluate the conformational features of 11mer DNA duplexes containing these B[a]P-dG lesions opposite abasic sites. Our results show that in these duplexes containing the clustered lesions, both B[a]P-dG adducts adopt base-displaced intercalated conformations, with the B[a]P aromatic rings intercalated into the DNA helix. To explain the persistence of base excision repair in the face of the opposed bulky B[a]P ring system, molecular modeling results suggest how the APE1 base excision repair endonuclease, that excises abasic lesions, can bind productively even with the trans-B[a]P-dG positioned opposite the abasic site. We hypothesize that the nucleotide excision repair resistance is fostered by local B[a]P residue-DNA base stacking interactions at the abasic sites, that are facilitated by the absence of the cytosine partner base in the complementary strand. More broadly, this study sets the stage for elucidating the interplay between base excision and nucleotide excision repair in processing different types of clustered DNA lesions that are substrates of nucleotide excision repair or base excision repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shuang Ding
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Konstantin Kropachev
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jia Lei
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Suse Broyde
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicholas E. Geacintov
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America
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Modulation of DNA damage and repair pathways by human tumour viruses. Viruses 2015; 7:2542-91. [PMID: 26008701 PMCID: PMC4452920 DOI: 10.3390/v7052542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With between 10% and 15% of human cancers attributable to viral infection, there is great interest, from both a scientific and clinical viewpoint, as to how these pathogens modulate host cell functions. Seven human tumour viruses have been identified as being involved in the development of specific malignancies. It has long been known that the introduction of chromosomal aberrations is a common feature of viral infections. Intensive research over the past two decades has subsequently revealed that viruses specifically interact with cellular mechanisms responsible for the recognition and repair of DNA lesions, collectively known as the DNA damage response (DDR). These interactions can involve activation and deactivation of individual DDR pathways as well as the recruitment of specific proteins to sites of viral replication. Since the DDR has evolved to protect the genome from the accumulation of deleterious mutations, deregulation is inevitably associated with an increased risk of tumour formation. This review summarises the current literature regarding the complex relationship between known human tumour viruses and the DDR and aims to shed light on how these interactions can contribute to genomic instability and ultimately the development of human cancers.
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