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Li Y, Shi J, Liu Z, Lin Y, Xie A, Sun W, Liu J, Liang J. Regulation of the migration of colorectal cancer stem cells via the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway by the novel surface marker CD14 following LPS stimulation. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:60. [PMID: 38192670 PMCID: PMC10773188 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell surface markers are most widely used in the study of cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, cell surface markers that are safely and stably expressed in CSCs have yet to be identified. Colonic CSCs express leukocyte CD14. CD14 binding to the ligand lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is involved in the inflammatory response via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway. TLR4 and MyD88 have been reported to promote the proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenicity of colon cancer cells, which is consistent with the characteristics of CSCs. In the present study, the proposed experimental method to detect cell proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis was used to confirm that, under LPS stimulation, CD14 promoted the proliferation, migration and tumorigenesis of colonic CSCs via the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays were used to assess the proliferation and migration of the cells. Colony formation and nude mouse xenograft assays were used to assess the capacity of cells to form tumors. Using western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, the mRNA and protein levels of CD14, TLR4 and MyD88 were examined. It was confirmed that CD14 promoted the proliferation, metastasis and tumorigenesis of colon CSCs in response to LPS stimulation via the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway, and CD14+ colon cancer cells were successfully isolated and sorted. According to the results of proliferation assay, it was determined that CD14 regulated the LPS-induced proliferation of colon CSCs. CD14, TLR4 and MyD88 protein and mRNA expression was upregulated in colon CSCs in response to LPS stimulation. This indicates a potential novel target for colon CSC-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Li
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Lin
- Department of Extracorporeal Circulation, Mudanjiang Cardiovascular Disease Hospital, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - An Xie
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liang
- Morphology Laboratory, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
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Tayanloo-Beik A, Hamidpour SK, Nikkhah A, Arjmand R, Mafi AR, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Larijani B, Gilany K, Arjmand B. DNA Damage Responses, the Trump Card of Stem Cells in the Survival Game. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37923882 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2023_791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells, as a group of undifferentiated cells, are enriched with self-renewal and high proliferative capacity, which have attracted the attention of many researchers as a promising approach in the treatment of many diseases over the past years. However, from the cellular and molecular point of view, the DNA repair system is one of the biggest challenges in achieving therapeutic goals through stem cell technology. DNA repair mechanisms are an advantage for stem cells that are constantly multiplying to deal with various types of DNA damage. However, this mechanism can be considered a trump card in the game of cell survival and treatment resistance in cancer stem cells, which can hinder the curability of various types of cancer. Therefore, getting a deep insight into the DNA repair system can bring researchers one step closer to achieving major therapeutic goals. The remarkable thing about the DNA repair system is that this system is not only under the control of genetic factors, but also under the control of epigenetic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the role of the DNA repair system in maintaining the survival of cancer stem cells from both aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Tayanloo-Beik
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirabbas Nikkhah
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasta Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Rezazadeh Mafi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bai X, Cao R, Wu D, Zhang H, Yang F, Wang L. Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Literature Review. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:7357179. [PMID: 37868704 PMCID: PMC10586346 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7357179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a promising approach for repairing and regenerating damaged bone tissue, using stem cells and scaffold structures. Among various stem cell sources, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have emerged as a potential candidate due to their multipotential capabilities, ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation, low immunogenicity, and ease of isolation. This article reviews the biological characteristics of DPSCs, their potential for BTE, and the underlying transcription factors and signaling pathways involved in osteogenic differentiation; it also highlights the application of DPSCs in inducing scaffold tissues for bone regeneration and summarizes animal and clinical studies conducted in this field. This review demonstrates the potential of DPSC-based BTE for effective bone repair and regeneration, with implications for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Bai
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruijue Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danni Wu
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huicong Zhang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linhong Wang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
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On the Cutting Edge of Oral Cancer Prevention: Finding Risk-Predictive Markers in Precancerous Lesions by Longitudinal Studies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061033. [PMID: 35326482 PMCID: PMC8947091 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early identification and management of precancerous lesions at high risk of developing cancers is the most effective and economical way to reduce the incidence, mortality, and morbidity of cancers as well as minimizing treatment-related complications, including pain, impaired functions, and disfiguration. Reliable cancer-risk-predictive markers play an important role in enabling evidence-based decision making as well as providing mechanistic insight into the malignant conversion of precancerous lesions. The focus of this article is to review updates on markers that may predict the risk of oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) in developing into oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs), which can logically be discovered only by prospective or retrospective longitudinal studies that analyze pre-progression OPL samples with long-term follow-up outcomes. These risk-predictive markers are different from those that prognosticate the survival outcome of cancers after they have been diagnosed and treated, or those that differentiate between different lesion types and stages. Up-to-date knowledge on cancer-risk-predictive markers discovered by longitudinally followed studies will be reviewed. The goal of this endeavor is to use this information as a starting point to address some key challenges limiting our progress in this area in the hope of achieving effective translation of research discoveries into new clinical interventions.
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Crawford M, Liu X, Cheng YSL, Tsai RY. Nucleostemin upregulation and STAT3 activation as early events in oral epithelial dysplasia progression to squamous cell carcinoma. Neoplasia 2021; 23:1289-1299. [PMID: 34785448 PMCID: PMC8605099 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Most low-grade oral epithelial dysplasia remains static or regress, but a significant minority of them (4-11%) advances to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) within a few years. To monitor the progression of epithelial dysplasia for early cancer detection, we investigated the expression profiles of nucleostemin (NS) and phospho-STAT3 (p-STAT3) in rodent and human samples of dysplasia and OSCCs. In a 4NQO-induced rat oral carcinogenesis model, the number and distribution of NS and p-STAT3-positive cells increased in hyperplastic, dysplastic, and neoplastic lesions compared to normal epithelium. In human samples, the NS signal significantly increased in high-grade dysplasia and poorly differentiated OSCC, whereas p-STAT3 was more ubiquitously expressed than NS and showed increased intensity in high-grade dysplasia and both well and poorly differentiated OSCC. Analyses of human dysplastic samples with longitudinally followed outcomes revealed that cells with prominent nucleolar NS signals were more abundant in low-grade dysplasia that advanced to OSCC in 2 or 3 years than those remaining static for 7-14 years. These results suggest that NS upregulation and STAT3 activation are early events in the progression of low-grade dysplasia to OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Crawford
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Rm 517, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Rm 517, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Shing L Cheng
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA.
| | - Robert Yl Tsai
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W Holcombe Blvd, Rm 517, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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Sheahan BJ, Freeman AN, Keeley TM, Samuelson LC, Roper J, Hasapis S, Lee CL, Dekaney CM. Epithelial Regeneration After Doxorubicin Arises Primarily From Early Progeny of Active Intestinal Stem Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:119-140. [PMID: 33571711 PMCID: PMC8082264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS aISCs (aISCs) are sensitive to acute insults including chemotherapy and irradiation. Regeneration after aISC depletion has primarily been explored in irradiation (IR). However, the cellular origin of epithelial regeneration after doxorubicin (DXR), a common chemotherapeutic, is poorly understood. METHODS We monitored DXR's effect on aISCs by enumerating Lgr5-eGFP+ and Olfm4+ crypts, cleaved caspase-3 (CASP3+) immunofluorescence, and time-lapse organoid imaging. Lineage tracing from previously identified regenerative cell populations (Bmi1+, Hopx+, Dll1+, and Defa6+) was performed with DXR damage. Lineage tracing from aISCs was compared with lineage tracing from early progeny cells (transit-amplifying cells arising from aISCs 1 day predamage) in the context of DXR and IR. We compared stem cell and DNA damage response (DDR) transcripts in isolated aISCs and early progeny cells 6 and 24 hours after DXR. RESULTS Epithelial regeneration after DXR primarily arose from early progeny cells generated by aISCs. Early progeny cells upregulated stem cell gene expression and lacked apoptosis induction (6 hours DXR: 2.5% of CASP3+ cells, p<0.0001). aISCs downregulated stem cell gene expression and underwent rapid apoptosis (6 hours DXR: 63.4% of CASP3+ cells). There was minimal regenerative contribution from Bmi1+, Hopx+, Dll1+, and Defa6+-expressing populations. In homeostasis, 48.4% of early progeny cells were BrdU+, and expressed low levels of DDR transcripts. CONCLUSIONS We show that DXR effectively depleted aISCs in the small intestine and subsequent epithelial regeneration depended on nonquiescent early progeny cells of aISCs. The chemoresistant phenotype of the early progeny cells may rely on a dampened DDR in contrast to aISCs' robust DDR, which facilitates expeditious apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanna J. Sheahan
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ally N. Freeman
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Theresa M. Keeley
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Linda C. Samuelson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jatin Roper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina,Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephanie Hasapis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chang-Lung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina,Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher M. Dekaney
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina,Correspondence Address requests for correspondence to: Christopher M. Dekaney, PhD, 1060 William Moore Drive, Campus Box 8401, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607.
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Wang J, McGrail DJ, Bhupal PK, Zhang W, Lin KY, Ku YH, Lin T, Wu H, Tsai KC, Li K, Peng CY, Finegold MJ, Lin SY, Tsai RYL. Nucleostemin Modulates Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via a Tumor Adaptive Mechanism to Genomic Stress. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:723-734. [PMID: 32051231 PMCID: PMC7202947 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are adapted to survive extreme genomic stress conditions imposed by hyperactive DNA replication and genotoxic drug treatment. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear, but may involve intensified DNA damage response/repair programs. Here, we investigate a new role of nucleostemin (NS) in allowing HCC to survive its own malignancy, as NS was previously shown to promote liver regeneration via a damage repair mechanism. We first established that a higher NS transcript level correlates with high-HCC grades and poor prognostic signatures, and is an independent predictor of shorter overall and progression-free survival specifically for HCC and kidney cancer but not for others. Immunostaining confirmed that NS is most abundantly expressed in high-grade and metastatic HCCs. Genome-wide analyses revealed that NS is coenriched with MYC target and homologous recombination (HR) repair genes in human HCC samples and functionally intersects with those involved in replication stress response and HR repair in yeasts. In support, NS-high HCCs are more reliant on the replicative/oxidative stress response pathways, whereas NS-low HCCs depend more on the mTOR pathway. Perturbation studies showed NS function in protecting human HCC cells from replication- and drug-induced DNA damage. Notably, NS depletion in HCC cells increases the amounts of physical DNA damage and cytosolic double-stranded DNA, leading to a reactive increase of cytokines and PD-L1. This study shows that NS provides an essential mechanism for HCC to adapt to high genomic stress for oncogenic maintenance and propagation. NS deficiency sensitizes HCC cells to chemotherapy but also triggers tumor immune responses. IMPLICATIONS: HCC employs a novel, nucleostemin (NS)-mediated-mediated adaptive mechanism to survive high genomic stress conditions, a deficiency of which sensitizes HCC cells to chemotherapy but also triggers tumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Wang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Parnit K Bhupal
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuan-Yu Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ku
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Tao Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Hongfu Wu
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Kyle C Tsai
- Michael E. DeBakey High School for Health Professions, Houston, Texas
| | - Kaiyi Li
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Milton J Finegold
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Shiaw-Yih Lin
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert Y L Tsai
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas.
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Lazutkin A, Podgorny O, Enikolopov G. Modes of division and differentiation of neural stem cells. Behav Brain Res 2019; 374:112118. [PMID: 31369774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hippocampal neurogenesis presents an unorthodox form of neuronal plasticity and may be relevant for the normal or abnormal functioning of the human and animal brain. As production of new neurons decreases after birth, purposefully activating stem cells to create additional new neurons may augment brain function or slow a disease's progression. Here, we describe current models of hippocampal stem cell maintenance and differentiation, and emphasize key features of neural stem cells' turnover that may define hippocampal neurogenesis enhancement attempts' long-term consequences. We argue that even the basic blueprint of how stem cells are maintained, divide, differentiate, and are eliminated is still contentious, with different models potentially leading to vastly different outcomes in regard to neuronal production and stem cell pool preservation. We propose that to manipulate neurogenesis for a long-term benefit, we must first understand the outline of the neural stem cells' lifecycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lazutkin
- Center for Developmental Genetics and Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia; P.K. Anokhin Institute for Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Podgorny
- Center for Developmental Genetics and Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States; Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Grigori Enikolopov
- Center for Developmental Genetics and Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
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Lin T, Lin TC, McGrail DJ, Bhupal PK, Ku YH, Zhang W, Meng L, Lin SY, Peng G, Tsai RYL. Nucleostemin reveals a dichotomous nature of genome maintenance in mammary tumor progression. Oncogene 2019; 38:3919-3931. [PMID: 30692636 PMCID: PMC6525051 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A defective homologous recombination (HR) repair program increases tumor incidence as well as providing a survival advantage in patients with breast and ovarian cancers. Here, we hypothesize that the tumor-promoting side of genome maintenance programs may be contributed by a self-renewal protein, nucleostemin (NS). To address this issue, we established its functional importance in mammary tumor progression in mice and showed that mammary tumor cells become highly susceptible to replicative DNA damage following NS depletion and are protected from hydroxyurea-induced damage by NS overexpression. Breast cancer cells with basal-like characters display more reliance on NS for genome maintenance than those with luminal characters. Mechanistically, NS-deficient cells demonstrate a significantly reduced HR repair activity. TCGA analyses of human breast cancers revealed that NS is co-enriched positively with HR repair proteins and that high NS expression correlates with low HR defects and predicts poor progression-free survival and resistance to knockdown of cell cycle checkpoint genes in triple-negative/basal-like breast cancers. This work indicates that NS constitutes a tumor-promoting genome maintenance program required for mammary tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tsung-Chin Lin
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Parnit K Bhupal
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yi-Hsuan Ku
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lingjun Meng
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shiaw-Yih Lin
- Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Y L Tsai
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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10
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Tong WW, Tong GH, Liu Y. Cancer stem cells and hypoxia-inducible factors (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 53:469-476. [PMID: 29845228 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor-initiating cells, are a subpopulation of tumor cells that exhibit properties similar to those of normal stem cells. Oxygen is an important regulator of cellular metabolism; hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) mediate metabolic switches in cells in hypoxic environments. Hypoxia clearly has the potential to exert a significant effect on the maintenance and evolution of CSCs. Both HIF‑1α and HIF‑2α may contribute to the regulation of cellular adaptation to hypoxia and resistance to cancer therapies. This review provides an overview of the roles of HIFs in CSCs. HIF‑1α and HIF‑2α have significant prognostic and predictive value in the clinic and the concept of personalized medicine should be applied in designing clinical trials for HIF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Tong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Hui Tong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shengjing Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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11
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SETD1A protects HSCs from activation-induced functional decline in vivo. Blood 2018; 131:1311-1324. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-806844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
SETD1A regulates DNA damage signaling and repair in HSCs and hematopoietic precursors in the absence of reactive oxygen species accumulation. SETD1A is important for the survival of mice after inflammation-induced HSC activation in situ.
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12
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Fakhimahmadi A, Nazmi F, Rahmati M, Bonab NM, Hashemi M, Moosavi MA. Nucleostemin silencing induces differentiation and potentiates all-trans-retinoic acid effects in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells via autophagy. Leuk Res 2017; 63:15-21. [PMID: 29096331 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report that targeting Nucleostemin (NS), a recently discovered stem cells-enriched gene, by a specific small interference RNA (siNS), decreases the rate of proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) NB4 cells and induces differentiation and autophagy. In addition, NS silencing promotes the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-based differentiation therapy in NB4 cells. Autophagy inhibitors 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin block the effect of NS targeting on differentiation, indicating a new functional link between NS and autophagy as an important regulator of differentiation in NB4 cells. The capability of NS in modulating autophagy and differentiation, alone or in combination with ATRA, may help to broaden the range of treatment options available to treat leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aila Fakhimahmadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nazmi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marveh Rahmati
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Moghtaran Bonab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, P.O. Box 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box:14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
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Biechonski S, Yassin M, Milyavsky M. DNA-damage response in hematopoietic stem cells: an evolutionary trade-off between blood regeneration and leukemia suppression. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:367-377. [PMID: 28334174 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-renewing and multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain lifelong hematopoiesis. Their enormous regenerative potential coupled with lifetime persistence in the body, in contrast with the Progenitors, demand tight control of HSCs genome stability. Indeed, failure to accurately repair DNA damage in HSCs is associated with bone marrow failure and accelerated leukemogenesis. Recent observations exposed remarkable differences in several DNA-damage response (DDR) aspects between HSCs and Progenitors, especially in their DNA-repair capacities and susceptibility to apoptosis. Human HSCs in comparison with Progenitors exhibit delayed DNA double-strand break rejoining, persistent DDR signaling activation, higher sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation and attenuated expression of DNA-repair genes. Importantly, the distinct DDR of HSCs was also documented in mouse models. Nevertheless, physiological significance and the molecular basis of the HSCs-specific DDR features are only partially understood. Taking radiation-induced DDR as a paradigm, this review will focus on the current advances in understanding the role of cell-intrinsic DDR regulators and the cellular microenvironment in balancing stemness with genome stability. Pre-leukemia HSCs and clonal hematopoiesis evolvement will be discussed as an evolutionary compromise between the need for lifelong blood regeneration and DDR. Uniquely for this review, we outline the differences in HSCs-related DDR as highlighted by various experimental systems and attempt to provide their critical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahar Biechonski
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Muhammad Yassin
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Milyavsky
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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Mária J, Ingrid Ž. Effects of bioactive compounds on senescence and components of senescence associated secretory phenotypes in vitro. Food Funct 2017; 8:2394-2418. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00161d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Senescence is a permanent cell cycle arrest that is accompanied by changes in cell morphology and physiology occurringin vitroandin vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janubová Mária
- Institute of Medical Chemistry
- Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry
- Medical Faculty
- Comenius University
- 813 72 Bratislava
| | - Žitňanová Ingrid
- Institute of Medical Chemistry
- Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry
- Medical Faculty
- Comenius University
- 813 72 Bratislava
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