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Gallucci G, Turazza FM, Inno A, Canale ML, Silvestris N, Farì R, Navazio A, Pinto C, Tarantini L. Atherosclerosis and the Bidirectional Relationship between Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Bedside-Part 1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4232. [PMID: 38673815 PMCID: PMC11049833 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a complex metabolic-immune disease characterized by chronic inflammation driven by the buildup of lipid-rich plaques within arterial walls, has emerged as a pivotal factor in the intricate interplay between cancer and cardiovascular disease. This bidirectional relationship, marked by shared risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms, underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of how these two formidable health challenges intersect and influence each other. Cancer and its treatments can contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis, while atherosclerosis, with its inflammatory microenvironment, can exert profound effects on cancer development and outcomes. Both cancer and cardiovascular disease involve intricate interactions between general and personal exposomes. In this review, we aim to summarize the state of the art of translational data and try to show how oncologic studies on cardiotoxicity can broaden our knowledge of crucial pathways in cardiovascular biology and exert a positive impact on precision cardiology and cardio-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Maria Turazza
- Struttura Complessa di Cardiologia, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Inno
- Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, 37024 Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy;
| | - Maria Laura Canale
- Division of Cardiology, Azienda USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Versilia Hospital, 55041 Lido di Camaiore, Italy;
| | - Nicola Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology “G.Barresi”, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Roberto Farì
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Navazio
- Cardiologia Ospedaliera, Department of Specialized Medicine, AUSL—IRCCS in Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Carmine Pinto
- Provincial Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Advanced Technologies, AUSL—IRCCS in Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Luigi Tarantini
- Cardiologia Ospedaliera, Department of Specialized Medicine, AUSL—IRCCS in Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia, 42100 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
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He J, Xu D, Wang L, Yu X. Farrerol prevents Angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling in vivo and in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1079251. [PMID: 36686707 PMCID: PMC9846078 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1079251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has become the primary disease that threatens human health and is considered the leading cause of death. Cardiac remodeling, which is associated with cardiovascular disease, mainly manifests as cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Farrerol plays an important role in treating conditions such as inflammation, endothelial injury and tumors, and we speculated that Farrerol may also play an important role in mitigating cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. We established a model of myocardial remodeling using Angiotensin II (Ang II) with concurrent intraperitoneal injection of Farrerol as an intervention. We used cardiac ultrasound, immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, Wheat Germ Agglutinin, Dihydroethidium, Western Blot, qPCR and other methods to detect the role of Farrerol in cardiac remodeling. The results showed that Farrerol inhibited Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy; decreased the ratio of heart weight to tibia length in mice; reduced inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress; and reduced the size of cardiomyocytes in vivo. Farrerol inhibited Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, levels of oxidative stress, and the proliferation and migration of fibroblast in vitro. Our results revealed that Farrerol could inhibit Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling. Farrerol may therefore be a candidate drug for the treatment of myocardial remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Jian He, ; Xiaohong Yu,
| | - Dengyue Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Jian He, ; Xiaohong Yu,
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Saxagliptin Cardiotoxicity in Chronic Heart Failure: The Role of DPP4 in the Regulation of Neuropeptide Tone. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071573. [PMID: 35884882 PMCID: PMC9312997 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are novel medicines for diabetes. The SAVOR-TIMI-53 clinical trial revealed increased heart-failure-associated hospitalization in saxagliptin-treated patients. Although this side effect could limit therapeutic use, the mechanism of this potential cardiotoxicity is unclear. We aimed to establish a cellular platform to investigate DPP4 inhibition and the role of its neuropeptide substrates substance P (SP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and to determine the expression of DDP4 and its neuropeptide substrates in the human heart. Western blot, radio-, enzyme-linked immuno-, and RNA scope assays were performed to investigate the expression of DPP4 and its substrates in human hearts. Calcein-based viability measurements and scratch assays were used to test the potential toxicity of DPP4 inhibitors. Cardiac expression of DPP4 and NPY decreased in heart failure patients. In human hearts, DPP4 mRNA is detectable mainly in cardiomyocytes and endothelium. Treatment with DPP4 inhibitors alone/in combination with neuropeptides did not affect viability but in scratch assays neuropeptides decreased, while saxagliptin co-administration increased fibroblast migration in isolated neonatal rat cardiomyocyte-fibroblast co-culture. Decreased DPP4 activity takes part in the pathophysiology of end-stage heart failure. DPP4 compensates against the elevated sympathetic activity and altered neuropeptide tone. Its inhibition decreases this adaptive mechanism, thereby exacerbating myocardial damage.
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Zhou Y, Rui S, Tang S, Ju C. Exploration of Mechanisms of Sacubitril/Valsartan in the Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias Using a Network Pharmacology Approach. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:829484. [PMID: 35498046 PMCID: PMC9043521 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.829484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant reductions in the incidence of cardiac arrhythmia (CA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD), along with amelioration of heart failure, have been reported for treatment with Sacubitril/valsartan (SV). However, its anti-arrhythmic mechanism remains unclear. The current study aims to explore the anti-arrhythmic molecular mechanism of SV. The direct protein targets (DPT) of SV were extracted from DrugBank. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of SV DPTs was constructed using STRING, and the indirect protein targets (IPTs) were also identified. A search for arrhythmia-related genes was conducted using GeneCards and the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). The DTPs, ITPs, and arrhythmia-related genes from the two datasets were combined in a Venn diagram, and the overlapping genes were identified as core target genes. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses identified the top 20 biological processes and signaling pathways related to disease and the therapeutic effects of SV. The renin-angiotensin system, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, and gap junction pathways are strongly implicated in the effects of SV on CA. In conclusion, our bioinformatics analyses provided evidence pertaining to the possible antiarrhythmic mechanisms of SV and may contribute to the development of novel drugs for CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Shibao Rui
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Shengxin Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Changlin Ju
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- *Correspondence: Changlin Ju,
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Lasrado N, Borcherding N, Arumugam R, Starr TK, Reddy J. Dissecting the cellular landscape and transcriptome network in viral myocarditis by single-cell RNA sequencing. iScience 2022; 25:103865. [PMID: 35243228 PMCID: PMC8861636 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis is commonly employed to study viral pathogenesis in mice. Chronically affected mice may develop dilated cardiomyopathy, which may involve the mediation of immune and nonimmune cells. To dissect this complexity, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on heart cells from healthy and myocarditic mice, leading us to note significant proportions of myeloid cells, T cells, and fibroblasts. Although the transcriptomes of myeloid cells were mainly of M2 phenotype, the Th17 cells, CTLs, and Treg cells had signatures critical for cytotoxic functions. Fibroblasts were heterogeneous expressing genes important in fibrosis and regulation of inflammation and immune responses. The intercellular communication networks revealed unique interactions and signaling pathways in the cardiac cellulome, whereas myeloid cells and T cells had upregulated unique transcription factors modulating cardiac remodeling functions. Together, our data suggest that M2 cells, T cells, and fibroblasts may cooperatively or independently participate in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninaad Lasrado
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Rajkumar Arumugam
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Timothy K. Starr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jay Reddy
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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Catestatin as a Biomarker of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Clinical Perspective. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121757. [PMID: 34944578 PMCID: PMC8698910 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accounting for almost one-third of the global mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a major global health issue. Emerging data suggest that most of the well-established mechanistic explanations regarding the cardiovascular pathophysiology are flawed, and cannot fully explain the progression and long-term effects of these diseases. On the other hand, dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) has emerged as an important player in the pathophysiology of CVDs. Even though upregulated SNS activity is an essential compensatory response to various stress conditions, in the long term, it becomes a major contributor to both cardiac dysfunction and vascular damage. Despite the fact that the importance of SNS hyperactivity in the setting of CVDs has been well-appreciated, its exact quantification and clinical application in either diagnostics or therapy of CVDs is still out of reach. Nevertheless, in recent years a number of novel laboratory biomarkers implicated in the pathophysiology of SNS activation have been explored. Specifically, in this review, we aimed to discuss the role of catestatin, a potent physiological inhibitor of catecholamine spillover that offers cardioprotective effects. Limited data indicate that catestatin could also be a reliable indirect marker of SNS activity and it is likely that high CST levels reflect advanced CV disease burden. Consequently, large-scale studies are required to validate these observations in the upcoming future.
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Odnoshivkina YG, Petrov AM. The Role of Neuro-Cardiac Junctions
in Sympathetic Regulation of the Heart. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Narayan V, Thompson EW, Demissei B, Ho JE, Januzzi JL, Ky B. Mechanistic Biomarkers Informative of Both Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 75:2726-2737. [PMID: 32466889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although conventionally managed as separate disease processes, recent research has lent insight into compelling commonalities between CVD and cancer, including shared mechanisms for disease development and progression. In this review, the authors discuss several pathophysiological processes common to both CVD and cancer, such as inflammation, resistance to cell death, cellular proliferation, neurohormonal stress, angiogenesis, and genomic instability, in an effort to understand common mechanisms of both disease states. In particular, the authors highlight key circulating and genomic biomarkers associated with each of these processes, as well as their associations with risk and prognosis in both cancer and CVD. The purpose of this state-of-the-art review is to further our understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying cancer and CVD by contextualizing pathways and biomarkers common to both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Narayan
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth W Thompson
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Biniyam Demissei
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer E Ho
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James L Januzzi
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bonnie Ky
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Mendel HC, Kaas Q, Muttenthaler M. Neuropeptide signalling systems - An underexplored target for venom drug discovery. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:114129. [PMID: 32619425 PMCID: PMC7116218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuropeptides are signalling molecules mainly secreted from neurons that act as neurotransmitters or peptide hormones to affect physiological processes and modulate behaviours. In humans, neuropeptides are implicated in numerous diseases and understanding their role in physiological processes and pathologies is important for therapeutic development. Teasing apart the (patho)physiology of neuropeptides remains difficult due to ligand and receptor promiscuity and the complexity of the signalling pathways. The current approach relies on a pharmacological toolbox of agonists and antagonists displaying high selectivity for independent receptor subtypes, with the caveat that only few selective ligands have been discovered or developed. Animal venoms represent an underexplored source for novel receptor subtype-selective ligands that could aid in dissecting human neuropeptide signalling systems. Multiple endogenous-like neuropeptides as well as peptides acting on neuropeptide receptors are present in venoms. In this review, we summarise current knowledge on neuropeptides and discuss venoms as a source for ligands targeting neuropeptide signalling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen C Mendel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Vienna, Austria.
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Gomaa RS, Mahmoud NM, Mohammed NA. Octreotide (somatostatin analog) attenuates cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in rat model of hyperthyroidism. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hyperthyroidism is known to increase the risk of ischemic heart diseases. Octreotide has been reported to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Whether it is useful when ischemic heart disease is accompanied with co-morbidities like hyperthyroidism needs more clarifying. So, this study aimed to explore the effect of octreotide on cardiac I/R injury in hyperthyroid rats and to clarify if Nrf2 activation is involved in this effect. Forty adult female Wistar rats were subdivided into control (euthyroid) (n = 10) and hyperthyroid (n = 30) groups. Rats in hyperthyroid group received l-thyroxine (12 mg/L) in drinking water for 35 days, then were randomly divided into three equal subgroups (n = 10): hyperthyroid control positive group, hyperthyroid octreotide treated group, and hyperthyroid octreotide + Nrf2 inhibitor (brusatol) treated group. Isolated hearts were submitted to I/R and evaluated for cardiac hemodynamics and infarct size. Serum T3 and T4, coronary efflux lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-myoglobin binding (CK-MB) and cardiac tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated. Nrf2- regulated gene expressions of HO-1, SOD, GPx, and catalase were assessed.
Results
Octreotide administration to hyperthyroid rats improved baseline and post-ischemic recovery of cardiac hemodynamics, decreased the high coronary efflux LDH and CK-MB and tissue MDA, reduced infarction size, and upregulated the decreased antioxidative enzymes HO-1, SOD, GPx, and catalase mRNA expressions in the hyperthyroid I/R rat hearts. The Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol reversed the cardioprotective effect of octreotide in hyperthyroid I/R rat hearts.
Conclusion
Octreotide can reduce oxidative stress to effectively alleviate I/R injury in the hyperthyroid rat hearts through upregulation of Nrf2-dependent antioxidative signaling pathways.
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Levick SP, Brower GL, Janicki JS. Substance P-mediated cardiac mast cell activation: An in vitro study. Neuropeptides 2019; 74:52-59. [PMID: 30660328 PMCID: PMC7207245 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The neuropeptide substance P can induce degranulation of cardiac mast cells at high concentrations. Herein, we seek to further understand substance P activation of cardiac mast cells in the context of other neuropeptides as well as modulation by non-neuropeptides. This is important given the increasingly recognized role of both cardiac mast cells and substance P in adverse cardiac remodeling. To address this, we isolated cardiac mast cells and compared their response to substance P as well as other members from the tachykinin family of peptides, including neurokinin A and hemokinin-1. We also tested the ability of other factors to manipulate the cardiac mast cell response to substance P. We found that while neurokinin A did not induce cardiac mast cell degranulation, both substance P and hemokinin-1 induced a concentration-dependent release of histamine; the maximal response to hemokinin-1 was greater than to substance P. Neurokinin-1 receptor blockade prevented substance P-induced histamine release, while only partially attenuating hemokinin-1-induced histamine release. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine attenuated histamine release in response to hemokinin-1 and had no effect on substance P-induced histamine release. Selective PPAR-γ agonists attenuated histamine release in response to substance P. These data indicate that substance P activates cardiac mast cells via the neurokinin-1 receptor, and that the activation response is different to other tachykinins. That the response to substance P is receptor mediated and can be modulated by activation of other receptors (PPAR-γ), argues that substance P activation of cardiac mast cells has potential biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Levick
- Kolling Institute for Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Gregory L Brower
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, United States
| | - Joseph S Janicki
- Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, United States
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Tan CMJ, Green P, Tapoulal N, Lewandowski AJ, Leeson P, Herring N. The Role of Neuropeptide Y in Cardiovascular Health and Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1281. [PMID: 30283345 PMCID: PMC6157311 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an abundant sympathetic co-transmitter, widely found in the central and peripheral nervous systems and with diverse roles in multiple physiological processes. In the cardiovascular system it is found in neurons supplying the vasculature, cardiomyocytes and endocardium, and is involved in physiological processes including vasoconstriction, cardiac remodeling, and angiogenesis. It is increasingly also implicated in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, ischemia/infarction, arrhythmia, and heart failure. This review will focus on the physiological and pathogenic role of NPY in the cardiovascular system. After summarizing the NPY receptors which predominantly mediate cardiovascular actions, along with their signaling pathways, individual disease processes will be considered. A thorough understanding of these roles may allow therapeutic targeting of NPY and its receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl M J Tan
- Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Peregrine Green
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Burdon Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nidi Tapoulal
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Burdon Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam J Lewandowski
- Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Leeson
- Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Herring
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Burdon Sanderson Cardiac Science Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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13
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Huang Q, Cai B. Exosomes as New Intercellular Mediators in Development and Therapeutics of Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 998:91-100. [PMID: 28936734 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4397-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is a common cardiac condition in response to hemodynamic and neurohormonal alterations. Pathological hypertrophic growth in hearts caused the decline of cardiac functions, and finally developed into congestive heart failure. The exosomes are small membrane vesicles which are secreted by various cells and play important roles in cellular communication, migration, proliferation and differentiation. Recent studies uncovered that the exosomes from cardiac fibroblasts and other tissues participates in the development of myocardial hypertrophy. Nevertheless, cardiac progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes confer protective action on myocardial hypertrophy. Thus, the exosomes serve as new intercellular mediators between cardiomyocytes and other cells, and show broad application potential in the diagnostic and therapy of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 157# Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Benzhi Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 157# Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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