1
|
Reina-Mahecha A, Beers MJ, van der Veen HC, Zuhorn IS, van Kooten TG, Sharma PK. A Review of the Role of Bioreactors for iPSCs-Based Tissue-Engineered Articular Cartilage. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:1041-1052. [PMID: 37861960 PMCID: PMC10645985 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-023-00573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease without an ultimate treatment. In a search for novel approaches, tissue engineering (TE) has shown great potential to be an effective way for hyaline cartilage regeneration and repair in advanced stages of OA. Recently, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been appointed to be essential stem cells for degenerative disease treatment because they allow a personalized medicine approach. For clinical translation, bioreactors in combination with iPSCs-engineerd cartilage could match patients needs, serve as platform for large-scale patient specific cartilage production, and be a tool for patient OA modelling and drug screening. Furthermore, to minimize in vivo experiments and improve cell differentiation and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, TE combines existing approaches with bioreactors. METHODS This review summarizes the current understanding of bioreactors and the necessary parameters when they are intended for cartilage TE, focusing on the potential use of iPSCs. RESULTS Bioreactors intended for cartilage TE must resemble the joint cavity niche. However, recreating human synovial joints is not trivial because the interactions between various stimuli are not entirely understood. CONCLUSION The use of mechanical and electrical stimulation to differentiate iPSCs, and maintain and test chondrocytes are key stimuli influencing hyaline cartilage homeostasis. Incorporating these stimuli to bioreactors can positively impact cartilage TE approaches and their possibility for posterior translation into the clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Reina-Mahecha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J Beers
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo C van der Veen
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo G van Kooten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Prashant K Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, FB40, Antonius Deusinglaan -1, 9713AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kováč J, Priščáková P, Gbelcová H, Heydari A, Žiaran S. Bioadhesive and Injectable Hydrogels and Their Correlation with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation for Cartilage Repair: A Mini-Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4228. [PMID: 37959908 PMCID: PMC10648146 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Injectable bioadhesive hydrogels, known for their capacity to carry substances and adaptability in processing, offer great potential across various biomedical applications. They are especially promising in minimally invasive stem cell-based therapies for treating cartilage damage. This approach harnesses readily available mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into chondrocytes for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we investigate the relationship between bioadhesion and MSC differentiation. We summarize the fundamental principles of bioadhesion and discuss recent trends in bioadhesive hydrogels. Furthermore, we highlight their specific applications in conjunction with stem cells, particularly in the context of cartilage repair. The review also encompasses a discussion on testing methods for bioadhesive hydrogels and direct techniques for differentiating MSCs into hyaline cartilage chondrocytes. These approaches are explored within both clinical and laboratory settings, including the use of genetic tools. While this review offers valuable insights into the interconnected aspects of these topics, it underscores the need for further research to fully grasp the complexities of their relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ján Kováč
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Petra Priščáková
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Helena Gbelcová
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Abolfazl Heydari
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Žiaran
- Medical Vision, Záhradnícka 55, 821 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.K.); (P.P.); (H.G.); (A.H.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Limbová 5, 833 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pinto-Cardoso R, Bessa-Andrês C, Correia-de-Sá P, Bernardo Noronha-Matos J. Could hypoxia rehabilitate the osteochondral diseased interface? Lessons from the interplay of hypoxia and purinergic signals elsewhere. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115646. [PMID: 37321413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The osteochondral unit comprises the articular cartilage (90%), subchondral bone (5%) and calcified cartilage (5%). All cells present at the osteochondral unit that is ultimately responsible for matrix production and osteochondral homeostasis, such as chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteocytes, can release adenine and/or uracil nucleotides to the local microenvironment. Nucleotides are released by these cells either constitutively or upon plasma membrane damage, mechanical stress or hypoxia conditions. Once in the extracellular space, endogenously released nucleotides can activate membrane-bound purinoceptors. Activation of these receptors is fine-tuning regulated by nucleotides' breakdown by enzymes of the ecto-nucleotidase cascade. Depending on the pathophysiological conditions, both the avascular cartilage and the subchondral bone subsist to significant changes in oxygen tension, which has a tremendous impact on tissue homeostasis. Cell stress due to hypoxic conditions directly influences the expression and activity of several purinergic signalling players, namely nucleotide release channels (e.g. Cx43), NTPDase enzymes and purinoceptors. This review gathers experimental evidence concerning the interplay between hypoxia and the purinergic signalling cascade contributing to osteochondral unit homeostasis. Reporting deviations to this relationship resulting from pathological alterations of articular joints may ultimately unravel novel therapeutic targets for osteochondral rehabilitation. At this point, one can only hypothesize how hypoxia mimetic conditions can be beneficial to the ex vivo expansion and differentiation of osteo- and chondro-progenitors for auto-transplantation and tissue regenerative purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Pinto-Cardoso
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Catarina Bessa-Andrês
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP)
| | - José Bernardo Noronha-Matos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia; Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP).
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Shen L, Deng Z, Huang Z. New treatment for osteoarthr: pbad014itis: Gene therapy. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2023; 6:pbad014. [PMID: 37333626 PMCID: PMC10273835 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a complex degenerative disease that affects the entire joint tissue. Currently, non-surgical treatments for osteoarthritis focus on relieving pain. While end-stage osteoarthritis can be treated with arthroplasty, the health and financial costs associated with surgery have forced the search for alternative non-surgical treatments to delay the progression of osteoarthritis and promote cartilage repair. Unlike traditional treatment, the gene therapy approach allows for long-lasting expression of therapeutic proteins at specific sites. In this review, we summarize the history of gene therapy in osteoarthritis, outlining the common expression vectors (non-viral, viral), the genes delivered (transcription factors, growth factors, inflammation-associated cytokines, non-coding RNAs) and the mode of gene delivery (direct delivery, indirect delivery). We highlight the application and development prospects of the gene editing technology CRISPR/Cas9 in osteoarthritis. Finally, we identify the current problems and possible solutions in the clinical translation of gene therapy for osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Leyao Shen
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Timing Expression of miR203a-3p during OA Disease: Preliminary In Vitro Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054316. [PMID: 36901745 PMCID: PMC10002134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative bone disease that involves the microenvironment and macroenvironment of joints. Progressive joint tissue degradation and loss of extracellular matrix elements, together with different grades of inflammation, are important hallmarks of OA disease. Therefore, the identification of specific biomarkers to distinguish the stages of disease becomes a primary necessity in clinical practice. To this aim, we investigated the role of miR203a-3p in OA progression starting from the evidence obtained by osteoblasts isolated from joint tissues of OA patients classified according to different Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grading (KL ≤ 3 and KL > 3) and hMSCs treated with IL-1β. Through qRT-PCR analysis, it was found that osteoblasts (OBs) derived from the KL ≤ 3 group expressed high levels of miR203a-3p and low levels of ILs compared with those of OBs derived from the KL > 3 group. The stimulation with IL-1β improved the expression of miR203a-3p and the methylation of the IL-6 promoter gene, favoring an increase in relative protein expression. The gain and loss of function studies showed that the transfection with miR203a-3p inhibitor alone or in co-treatments with IL-1β was able to induce the expression of CX-43 and SP-1 and to modulate the expression of TAZ, in OBs derived from OA patients with KL ≤ 3 compared with KL > 3. These events, confirmed also by qRT-PCR analysis, Western blot, and ELISA assay performed on hMSCs stimulated with IL-1β, supported our hypothesis about the role of miR203a-3p in OA progression. The results suggested that during the early stage, miR203a-3p displayed a protective role reducing the inflammatory effects on CX-43, SP-1, and TAZ. During the OA progression the downregulation of miR203a-3p and consequently the upregulation of CX-43/SP-1 and TAZ expression improved the inflammatory response and the reorganization of the cytoskeleton. This role led to the subsequent stage of the disease, where the aberrant inflammatory and fibrotic responses determined the destruction of the joint.
Collapse
|
6
|
Niu X, Li N, Du Z, Li X. Integrated gradient tissue-engineered osteochondral scaffolds: Challenges, current efforts and future perspectives. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:574-597. [PMID: 35846846 PMCID: PMC9254262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The osteochondral defect repair has been most extensively studied due to the rising demand for new therapies to diseases such as osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering has been proposed as a promising strategy to meet the demand of simultaneous regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone by constructing integrated gradient tissue-engineered osteochondral scaffold (IGTEOS). This review brought forward the main challenges of establishing a satisfactory IGTEOS from the perspectives of the complexity of physiology and microenvironment of osteochondral tissue, and the limitations of obtaining the desired and required scaffold. Then, we comprehensively discussed and summarized the current tissue-engineered efforts to resolve the above challenges, including architecture strategies, fabrication techniques and in vitro/in vivo evaluation methods of the IGTEOS. Especially, we highlighted the advantages and limitations of various fabrication techniques of IGTEOS, and common cases of IGTEOS application. Finally, based on the above challenges and current research progress, we analyzed in details the future perspectives of tissue-engineered osteochondral construct, so as to achieve the perfect reconstruction of the cartilaginous and osseous layers of osteochondral tissue simultaneously. This comprehensive and instructive review could provide deep insights into our current understanding of IGTEOS. Providing main challenges to establish integrated gradient osteochondral scaffold. Discussing the current tissue-engineered efforts to resolve the above challenges. Highlighting construct techniques, and evaluation index and methods of IGTEOS. Discussing the future perspectives to achieve perfect osteochondral reconstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolian Niu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, 072350, China
| | - Zhipo Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding, 072350, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tolabi H, Davari N, Khajehmohammadi M, Malektaj H, Nazemi K, Vahedi S, Ghalandari B, Reis RL, Ghorbani F, Oliveira JM. Progress of Microfluidic Hydrogel-Based Scaffolds and Organ-on-Chips for the Cartilage Tissue Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2208852. [PMID: 36633376 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage degeneration is among the fundamental reasons behind disability and pain across the globe. Numerous approaches have been employed to treat cartilage diseases. Nevertheless, none have shown acceptable outcomes in the long run. In this regard, the convergence of tissue engineering and microfabrication principles can allow developing more advanced microfluidic technologies, thus offering attractive alternatives to current treatments and traditional constructs used in tissue engineering applications. Herein, the current developments involving microfluidic hydrogel-based scaffolds, promising structures for cartilage regeneration, ranging from hydrogels with microfluidic channels to hydrogels prepared by the microfluidic devices, that enable therapeutic delivery of cells, drugs, and growth factors, as well as cartilage-related organ-on-chips are reviewed. Thereafter, cartilage anatomy and types of damages, and present treatment options are briefly overviewed. Various hydrogels are introduced, and the advantages of microfluidic hydrogel-based scaffolds over traditional hydrogels are thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, available technologies for fabricating microfluidic hydrogel-based scaffolds and microfluidic chips are presented. The preclinical and clinical applications of microfluidic hydrogel-based scaffolds in cartilage regeneration and the development of cartilage-related microfluidic chips over time are further explained. The current developments, recent key challenges, and attractive prospects that should be considered so as to develop microfluidic systems in cartilage repair are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Tolabi
- New Technologies Research Center (NTRC), Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Niyousha Davari
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, 143951561, Iran
| | - Mehran Khajehmohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, 89195-741, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, 8916877391, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Malektaj
- Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, Aalborg, 9220, Denmark
| | - Katayoun Nazemi
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Samaneh Vahedi
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, 34149-16818, Iran
| | - Behafarid Ghalandari
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Farnaz Ghorbani
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Joaquim Miguel Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo X, Xi L, Yu M, Fan Z, Wang W, Ju A, Liang Z, Zhou G, Ren W. Regeneration of articular cartilage defects: Therapeutic strategies and perspectives. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231164765. [PMID: 37025158 PMCID: PMC10071204 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231164765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage (AC), a bone-to-bone protective device made of up to 80% water and populated by only one cell type (i.e. chondrocyte), has limited capacity for regeneration and self-repair after being damaged because of its low cell density, alymphatic and avascular nature. Resulting repair of cartilage defects, such as osteoarthritis (OA), is highly challenging in clinical treatment. Fortunately, the development of tissue engineering provides a promising method for growing cells in cartilage regeneration and repair by using hydrogels or the porous scaffolds. In this paper, we review the therapeutic strategies for AC defects, including current treatment methods, engineering/regenerative strategies, recent advances in biomaterials, and present emphasize on the perspectives of gene regulation and therapy of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as circular RNA (circRNA) and microRNA (miRNA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Guo
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
| | - Lingling Xi
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
| | - Mengyuan Yu
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
| | - Zhenlin Fan
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
| | - Weiyun Wang
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
| | - Andong Ju
- Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Xinxiang
Central Hospital, Institute of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical
University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhuo Liang
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
- Department of Plastic and
Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th
People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai,
China
- Guangdong Zhou, Department of Plastic and
Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th
People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639
Shanghai Manufacturing Bureau Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Institutes of Health Central Plain, The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Clinical Medical Center of
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang,
China
- Wenjie Ren, Institute of Regenerative
Medicine and Orthopedics, Institutes of Health Central Plain, Xinxiang Medical
University, 601 Jinsui Avenue, Hongqi District, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khodabukus A, Guyer T, Moore AC, Stevens MM, Guldberg RE, Bursac N. Translating musculoskeletal bioengineering into tissue regeneration therapies. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn9074. [PMID: 36223445 PMCID: PMC7614064 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn9074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal injuries and disorders are the leading cause of physical disability worldwide and a considerable socioeconomic burden. The lack of effective therapies has driven the development of novel bioengineering approaches that have recently started to gain clinical approvals. In this review, we first discuss the self-repair capacity of the musculoskeletal tissues and describe causes of musculoskeletal dysfunction. We then review the development of novel biomaterial, immunomodulatory, cellular, and gene therapies to treat musculoskeletal disorders. Last, we consider the recent regulatory changes and future areas of technological progress that can accelerate translation of these therapies to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alastair Khodabukus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Tyler Guyer
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Axel C Moore
- Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Departments of Materials and Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
| | - Robert E Guldberg
- Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Nenad Bursac
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu S, Li Y, He Z, Ji L, Zhang W, Tong Y, Luo J, Yu D, Zhang Q, Bi Q. Advanced injectable hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:954501. [PMID: 36159703 PMCID: PMC9493100 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.954501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of tissue engineering makes it an effective strategy for repairing cartilage defects. The significant advantages of injectable hydrogels for cartilage injury include the properties of natural extracellular matrix (ECM), good biocompatibility, and strong plasticity to adapt to irregular cartilage defect surfaces. These inherent properties make injectable hydrogels a promising tool for cartilage tissue engineering. This paper reviews the research progress on advanced injectable hydrogels. The cross-linking method and structure of injectable hydrogels are thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, polymers, cells, and stimulators commonly used in the preparation of injectable hydrogels are thoroughly reviewed. Finally, we summarize the research progress of the latest advanced hydrogels for cartilage repair and the future challenges for injectable hydrogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senbo Zhu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeju He
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lichen Ji
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Junchao Luo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Center for Operating Room, Department of Nursing, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Bi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Bi,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Engineering Closed-Loop, Autoregulatory Gene Circuits for Osteoarthritis Cell-Based Therapies. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2022; 24:96-110. [PMID: 35404006 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-022-01061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Genetic engineering offers the possibility to simultaneously target multiple cellular pathways in the joints affected by osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of this review is to summarize the ongoing efforts to develop disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) using genetic engineering, including targeting approaches, genome editing techniques, and delivery methods. RECENT FINDINGS Several gene circuits have been developed that reprogram cells to autonomously target inflammation, and their efficacy has been demonstrated in chondrocytes and stem cells. Gene circuits developed for metabolic disorders, such as those targeting insulin resistance and obesity, also have the potential to mitigate the impact of these conditions on OA onset and/or progression. Despite the strides made in characterizing the inflammatory environment of the OA joint, our incomplete understanding of how the multiple regulators interact to control signal transduction, gene transcription, and translation to protein limits the development of targeted disease-modifying therapeutics. Continuous advances in targeted genome editing, combined with online toolkits that simplify the design and production of gene circuits, have the potential to accelerate the discovery and clinical application of multi-target gene circuits with disease-modifying properties for the treatment of OA.
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang Z, Li W, Song C, Leng H. CTGF as a multifunctional molecule for cartilage and a potential drug for osteoarthritis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1040526. [PMID: 36325449 PMCID: PMC9618584 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CTGF is a multifunctional protein and plays different roles in different cells and under different conditions. Pamrevlumab, a monoclonal antibody against CTGF, is an FDA approved drug for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Recent studies have shown that CTGF antibodies may potentially serve as a new drug for osteoarthritis (OA). Expression of CTGF is significantly higher in OA joints than in healthy counterparts. Increasing attention has been attracted due to its interesting roles in joint homeostasis. Joint homeostasis relies on normal cellular functions and cell-cell interactions. CTGF is essential for physiological activities of chondrocytes. Abnormal CTGF expression may cause cartilage degeneration. In this review, the physiological functions of CTGF in chondrocytes and related mechanisms are summarized. Changes in the related signaling pathways due to abnormal CTGF are discussed, which are contributing factors to inflammation, cartilage degeneration and synovial fibrosis in OA. The possibility of CTGF as a potential therapeutic target for OA treatment are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihuan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weishi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Leng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Huijie Leng,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen T, Weng W, Liu Y, Aspera-Werz RH, Nüssler AK, Xu J. Update on Novel Non-Operative Treatment for Osteoarthritis: Current Status and Future Trends. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:755230. [PMID: 34603064 PMCID: PMC8481638 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.755230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and disability which results in a reduced quality of life. Due to the avascular nature of cartilage, damaged cartilage has a finite capacity for healing or regeneration. To date, conservative management, including physical measures and pharmacological therapy are still the principal choices offered for OA patients. Joint arthroplasties or total replacement surgeries are served as the ultimate therapeutic option to rehabilitate the joint function of patients who withstand severe OA. However, these approaches are mainly to relieve the symptoms of OA, instead of decelerating or reversing the progress of cartilage damage. Disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs) aiming to modify key structures within the OA joints are in development. Tissue engineering is a promising strategy for repairing cartilage, in which cells, genes, and biomaterials are encompassed. Here, we review the current status of preclinical investigations and clinical translations of tissue engineering in the non-operative treatment of OA. Furthermore, this review provides our perspective on the challenges and future directions of tissue engineering in cartilage regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Weidong Weng
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Romina H Aspera-Werz
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas K Nüssler
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jianzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kulchar RJ, Denzer BR, Chavre BM, Takegami M, Patterson J. A Review of the Use of Microparticles for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10292. [PMID: 34638629 PMCID: PMC8508725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue and organ failure has induced immense economic and healthcare concerns across the world. Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary biomedical approach which aims to address the issues intrinsic to organ donation by providing an alternative strategy to tissue and organ transplantation. This review is specifically focused on cartilage tissue. Cartilage defects cannot readily regenerate, and thus research into tissue engineering approaches is relevant as a potential treatment option. Cells, scaffolds, and growth factors are three components that can be utilized to regenerate new tissue, and in particular recent advances in microparticle technology have excellent potential to revolutionize cartilage tissue regeneration. First, microspheres can be used for drug delivery by injecting them into the cartilage tissue or joint space to reduce pain and stimulate regeneration. They can also be used as controlled release systems within tissue engineering constructs. Additionally, microcarriers can act as a surface for stem cells or chondrocytes to adhere to and expand, generating large amounts of cells, which are necessary for clinically relevant cell therapies. Finally, a newer application of microparticles is to form them together into granular hydrogels to act as scaffolds for tissue engineering or to use in bioprinting. Tissue engineering has the potential to revolutionize the space of cartilage regeneration, but additional research is needed to allow for clinical translation. Microparticles are a key enabling technology in this regard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J. Kulchar
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; (R.J.K.); (B.M.C.)
| | - Bridget R. Denzer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;
| | - Bharvi M. Chavre
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; (R.J.K.); (B.M.C.)
| | - Mina Takegami
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;
| | - Jennifer Patterson
- Independent Consultant, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Group, IMDEA Materials Institute, 28906 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gonçalves AM, Moreira A, Weber A, Williams GR, Costa PF. Osteochondral Tissue Engineering: The Potential of Electrospinning and Additive Manufacturing. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:983. [PMID: 34209671 PMCID: PMC8309012 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The socioeconomic impact of osteochondral (OC) damage has been increasing steadily over time in the global population, and the promise of tissue engineering in generating biomimetic tissues replicating the physiological OC environment and architecture has been falling short of its projected potential. The most recent advances in OC tissue engineering are summarised in this work, with a focus on electrospun and 3D printed biomaterials combined with stem cells and biochemical stimuli, to identify what is causing this pitfall between the bench and the patients' bedside. Even though significant progress has been achieved in electrospinning, 3D-(bio)printing, and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies, it is still challenging to artificially emulate the OC interface and achieve complete regeneration of bone and cartilage tissues. Their intricate architecture and the need for tight spatiotemporal control of cellular and biochemical cues hinder the attainment of long-term functional integration of tissue-engineered constructs. Moreover, this complexity and the high variability in experimental conditions used in different studies undermine the scalability and reproducibility of prospective regenerative medicine solutions. It is clear that further development of standardised, integrative, and economically viable methods regarding scaffold production, cell selection, and additional biochemical and biomechanical stimulation is likely to be the key to accelerate the clinical translation and fill the gap in OC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anabela Moreira
- BIOFABICS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Achim Weber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Nobelstrasse 12, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
| | - Pedro F. Costa
- BIOFABICS, Rua Alfredo Allen 455, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.G.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Co CM, Izuagbe S, Zhou J, Zhou N, Sun X, Borrelli J, Tang L. Click chemistry-based pre-targeting cell delivery for cartilage regeneration. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab018. [PMID: 34211730 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A fraction of the OA patient population is affected by post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) following acute joint injuries. Stopping or reversing the progression of PTOA following joint injury could improve long-term functional outcomes, reduced disability, and medical costs. To more effectively treat articular cartilage injury, we have developed a novel cell-based therapy that involves the pre-targeting of apoptotic chondrocytes and the delivery of healthy, metabolically active chondrocytes using click chemistry. Specifically, a pre-targeting agent was prepared via conjugating apoptotic binding peptide (ApoPep-1) and trans-cyclooctene (TCO) onto polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer carrier. The pre-targeting agent would be introduced to injured areas of articular cartilage, leading to the accumulation of TCO groups on the injured areas from actively binding to apoptotic chondrocytes. Subsequently, methyltetrazine (Tz)-bearing chondrocytes would be immobilized on the surface of TCO-coated injured cartilage via Tz-TCO click chemistry reaction. Using an ex vivo human cartilage explant PTOA model, the effectiveness of this new approach was evaluated. Our studies show that this novel approach (Tz-TCO click chemistry) significantly enhanced the immobilization of healthy and metabolically active chondrocytes to the areas of apoptotic chondrocytes. Histological analyses demonstrated that this treatment regimen would significantly reduce the area of cartilage degeneration and enhance ECM regeneration. The results support that Tz-TCO click chemistry-mediated cell delivery approach has great potential in clinical applications for targeting and treatment of cartilage injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M Co
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, PO Box 19138, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Samira Izuagbe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, PO Box 19138, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, PO Box 19138, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Ning Zhou
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiankai Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joseph Borrelli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, PO Box 19138, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Liping Tang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, PO Box 19138, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Saghati S, Nasrabadi HT, Khoshfetrat AB, Moharamzadeh K, Hassani A, Mohammadi SM, Rahbarghazi R, Fathi Karkan S. Tissue Engineering Strategies to Increase Osteochondral Regeneration of Stem Cells; a Close Look at Different Modalities. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1294-1311. [PMID: 33547591 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis of osteochondral tissue is tightly controlled by articular cartilage chondrocytes and underlying subchondral bone osteoblasts via different internal and external clues. As a correlate, the osteochondral region is frequently exposed to physical forces and mechanical pressure. On this basis, distinct sets of substrates and physicochemical properties of the surrounding matrix affect the regeneration capacity of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Stem cells are touted as an alternative cell source for the alleviation of osteochondral diseases. These cells appropriately respond to the physicochemical properties of different biomaterials. This review aimed to address some of the essential factors which participate in the chondrogenic and osteogenic capacity of stem cells. Elements consisted of biomechanical forces, electrical fields, and biochemical and physical properties of the extracellular matrix are the major determinant of stem cell differentiation capacity. It is suggested that an additional certain mechanism related to signal-transduction pathways could also mediate the chondro-osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. The discovery of these clues can enable us to modulate the regeneration capacity of stem cells in osteochondral injuries and lead to the improvement of more operative approaches using tissue engineering modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Saghati
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Tayefi Nasrabadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Baradar Khoshfetrat
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Keyvan Moharamzadeh
- Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayla Hassani
- Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, 51335-1996, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Momeneh Mohammadi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sonia Fathi Karkan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Uzieliene I, Kalvaityte U, Bernotiene E, Mobasheri A. Non-viral Gene Therapy for Osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:618399. [PMID: 33520968 PMCID: PMC7838585 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.618399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies for delivering nucleic acids into damaged and diseased tissues have been divided into two major areas: viral and non-viral gene therapy. In this mini-review article we discuss the application of gene therapy for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common forms of arthritis. We focus primarily on non-viral gene therapy and cell therapy. We briefly discuss the advantages and disadvantages of viral and non-viral gene therapy and review the nucleic acid transfer systems that have been used for gene delivery into articular chondrocytes in cartilage from the synovial joint. Although viral gene delivery has been more popular due to its reported efficiency, significant effort has gone into enhancing the transfection efficiency of non-viral delivery, making non-viral approaches promising tools for further application in basic, translational and clinical studies on OA. Non-viral gene delivery technologies have the potential to transform the future development of disease-modifying therapeutics for OA and related osteoarticular disorders. However, further research is needed to optimize transfection efficiency, longevity and duration of gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Uzieliene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ursule Kalvaityte
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eiva Bernotiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Departments of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Versus Arthritis, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tschon M, Brogini S, Parrilli A, Bertoldi S, Silini A, Parolini O, Faré S, Martini L, Veronesi F, Fini M, Giavaresi G. Assessment of the in vivo biofunctionality of a biomimetic hybrid scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 118:465-480. [PMID: 32997340 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chondral and osteochondral lesions represent one of the most challenging problems in the orthopedic field, as these types of injuries lead to disability and worsened quality of life for patients and have an economic impact on the healthcare system. The aim of this in vivo study was to develop a new tissue engineering approach through a hybrid scaffold for osteochondral tissue regeneration made of porous polyurethane foam (PU) coated under vacuum with calcium phosphates (PU/VAC). Scaffold characterization showed a highly porous and interconnected structure. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) were loaded into scaffolds using pectin (PECT) as a carrier. Osteochondral defects in medial femoral condyles of rabbits were created and randomly allocated in one of the following groups: plain scaffold (PU/VAC), scaffold with hAMSCs injected in the implant site (PU/VAC/hAMSC), scaffold with hAMSCs loaded in pectin (PU/VAC/PECT/hAMSC), and no treated defects (untreated). The therapeutic efficacy was assessed by macroscopic, histological, histomorphometric, microtomographic, and ultrastructural analyses at 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. Histological results showed that the scaffold was permissive to tissue growth and penetration, an immature osteocartilaginous tissue was observed at early experimental times, with a more accentuated bone regeneration in comparison with the cartilage layer in the absence of any inflammatory reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Tschon
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Brogini
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annapaola Parrilli
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Serena Bertoldi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonietta Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, via Bissolati 57, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Faré
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.,INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Martini
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Veronesi
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS-Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tanikella AS, Hardy MJ, Frahs SM, Cormier AG, Gibbons KD, Fitzpatrick CK, Oxford JT. Emerging Gene-Editing Modalities for Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176046. [PMID: 32842631 PMCID: PMC7504272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a pathological degenerative condition of the joints that is widely prevalent worldwide, resulting in significant pain, disability, and impaired quality of life. The diverse etiology and pathogenesis of OA can explain the paucity of viable preventive and disease-modifying strategies to counter it. Advances in genome-editing techniques may improve disease-modifying solutions by addressing inherited predisposing risk factors and the activity of inflammatory modulators. Recent progress on technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 and cell-based genome-editing therapies targeting the genetic and epigenetic alternations in OA offer promising avenues for early diagnosis and the development of personalized therapies. The purpose of this literature review was to concisely summarize the genome-editing options against chronic degenerative joint conditions such as OA with a focus on the more recently emerging modalities, especially CRISPR/Cas9. Future advancements in novel genome-editing therapies may improve the efficacy of such targeted treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alekya S. Tanikella
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
| | - Makenna J. Hardy
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Frahs
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Aidan G. Cormier
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.G.C.); (K.D.G.); (C.K.F.)
| | - Kalin D. Gibbons
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.G.C.); (K.D.G.); (C.K.F.)
| | - Clare K. Fitzpatrick
- Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.G.C.); (K.D.G.); (C.K.F.)
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA; (A.S.T.); (M.J.H.); (S.M.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Programs, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-208-426-2395
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Georgiev T. Multimodal approach to intraarticular drug delivery in knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int 2020; 40:1763-1769. [PMID: 32803403 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The expectations from any future disease-modifying treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are extremely high as it has to impact the joint as a whole leading to favorable alterations of diverse tissues and functions. In this light, targeting the knee only from the inside may not be biologically justified for the management of a whole joint disease such as KOA. Our hypothesis to test is whether any injectable therapeutic intervention alone can lead to disease modification of KOA which is viewed in the complexity of the modern concept of osteoarthritis (OA) as a whole joint disease. Therefore, we aimed at analyzing the intraarticular route to the KOA patient in an attempt to unveil its "biological" constraints. A comprehensive search through databases was carried out using specific keywords to add objectivity to the main messages. The literature analysis has shown that "cutting-edge" intraarticular therapies may offer a key to non-invasive symptomatic relief. Changing the course of KOA, however, may necessitate a multimodal approach towards the knee joint including a combination of intraarticular injections with interventions on multiple levels. Importantly, our understanding of OA has evolved redefining the concept of the disease, being in interaction with the human body as a whole. Any future conservative disease-modifying treatment of KOA should aim at a multimodal, holistic approach towards the knee joint including but not limited only to intraarticular injections. A combination with other interventions should be further researched.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsvetoslav Georgiev
- First Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria. .,Clinic of Rheumatology, University Hospital "St. Marina", 1, Hristo Smirnenski, 9010, Varna, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xue PP, Yuan JD, Yao Q, Zhao YZ, Xu HL. Bioactive Factors-imprinted Scaffold Vehicles for Promoting Bone Healing: The Potential Strategies and the Confronted Challenges for Clinical Production. BIO INTEGRATION 2020. [DOI: 10.15212/bioi-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Wound repair of bone is a complicated multistep process orchestrated by inflammation, angiogenesis, callus formation, and bone remodeling. Many bioactive factors (BFs) including cytokine and growth factors (GFs) have previously been reported to be involved in regulating
wound healing of bone and some exogenous BFs such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were proven to be helpful for improving bone healing. In this regard, the BFs reported for boosting bone repair were initially categorized according to their regulatory mechanisms. Thereafter, the challenges
including short half-life, poor stability, and rapid enzyme degradation and deactivation for these exogenous BFs in bone healing are carefully outlined in this review. For these issues, BFs-imprinted scaffold vehicles have recently been reported to promote the stability of BFs and enhance
their half-life in vivo. This review is focused on the incorporation of BFs into the modulated biomaterials with various forms of bone tissue engineering applications: firstly, rigid bone graft substitutes (BGSs) were used to imprint BFs for large scale bone defect repair; secondly,
the soft sponge-like scaffold carrying BFs is discussed as filling materials for the cavity of bone defects; thirdly, various injectable vehicles including hydrogel, nanoparticles, and microspheres for the delivery of BFs were also introduced for irregular bone fracture repair. Meanwhile,
the challenges for BFs-imprinted scaffold vehicles are also analyzed in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Peng Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Jian-dong Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - Ying-Zheng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| | - He-Lin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province 325035, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alkaya D, Gurcan C, Kilic P, Yilmazer A, Gurman G. Where is human-based cellular pharmaceutical R&D taking us in cartilage regeneration? 3 Biotech 2020; 10:161. [PMID: 32206495 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-2134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lately, cellular-based cartilage joint therapies have gradually gained more attention, which leads to next generation bioengineering approaches in the development of cell-based medicinal products for human use in cartilage repair. The greatest hurdles of chondrocyte-based cartilage bioengineering are: (i) preferring the cell source; (ii) differentiation and expansion processes; (iii) the time necessary for chondrocyte expansion pre-implantation; and (iv) fixing the chondrocyte count in accordance with the lesion surface area of the patient in question. The chondrocyte presents itself to be the focal starting material for research and development of bioengineered cartilage-based medicinal products which promise the regeneration and restoration of non-orthopedic cartilage joint defects. Even though chondrocytes seem to be the first choice, inevitable complications related to proliferation, dedifferentation and redifferentiation are probable. Detailed studies are a necessity to fully investigate detailed culturing conditions, the chondrogenic strains of well-defined phenotypes and evaluation of the methods to be used in biomaterial production. Despite a majority of the current methods which aid amelioration of joint functionality, they are insufficient in fully restoring the natural structure and composition of the joint cartilage. Hence current studies have trended towards gene therapy, mesenchymal stem cells and tissue engineering practices. There are many studies addressing the outcomes of chondrocytes in the clinical scene, and many vital biomaterials have been developed for structuring the bioengineered cartilage. This study aims to convey to the audience the practical significance of chondrocyte-based clinical applications.
Collapse
|
24
|
Weissenberger M, Weissenberger MH, Gilbert F, Groll J, Evans CH, Steinert AF. Reduced hypertrophy in vitro after chondrogenic differentiation of adult human mesenchymal stem cells following adenoviral SOX9 gene delivery. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:109. [PMID: 32066427 PMCID: PMC7026978 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-3137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based-treatments of cartilage injury are promising but impaired by high levels of hypertrophy after chondrogenic induction with several bone morphogenetic protein superfamily members (BMPs). As an alternative, this study investigates the chondrogenic induction of MSCs via adenoviral gene-delivery of the transcription factor SOX9 alone or in combination with other inducers, and comparatively explores the levels of hypertrophy and end stage differentiation in a pellet culture system in vitro. Methods First generation adenoviral vectors encoding SOX9, TGFB1 or IGF1 were used alone or in combination to transduce human bone marrow-derived MSCs at 5 × 102 infectious particles/cell. Thereafter cells were placed in aggregates and maintained for three weeks in chondrogenic medium. Transgene expression was determined at the protein level (ELISA/Western blot), and aggregates were analysed histologically, immunohistochemically, biochemically and by RT-PCR for chondrogenesis and hypertrophy. Results SOX9 cDNA was superior to that encoding TGFB1, the typical gold standard, as an inducer of chondrogenesis in primary MSCs as evidenced by improved lacuna formation, proteoglycan and collagen type II staining, increased levels of GAG synthesis, and expression of mRNAs associated with chondrogenesis. Moreover, SOX9 modified aggregates showed a markedly lower tendency to progress towards hypertrophy, as judged by expression of the hypertrophy markers alkaline phosphatase, and collagen type X at the mRNA and protein levels. Conclusion Adenoviral SOX9 gene transfer induces chondrogenic differentiation of human primary MSCs in pellet culture more effectively than TGFB1 gene transfer with lower levels of chondrocyte hypertrophy after 3 weeks of in vitro culture. Such technology might enable the formation of more stable hyaline cartilage repair tissues in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Weissenberger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University, Brettreichstrasse 11, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - M H Weissenberger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University, Brettreichstrasse 11, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Caritas-Hospital, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - F Gilbert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University, Brettreichstrasse 11, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Groll
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Julius-Maximilians-University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - C H Evans
- Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A F Steinert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University, Brettreichstrasse 11, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Present address: Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, Shoulder and Arthroplasty Surgery, Rhön-Klinikum Campus Bad Neustadt, Bad Neustadt a.d. Saale, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Madry H, Gao L, Rey-Rico A, Venkatesan JK, Müller-Brandt K, Cai X, Goebel L, Schmitt G, Speicher-Mentges S, Zurakowski D, Menger MD, Laschke MW, Cucchiarini M. Thermosensitive Hydrogel Based on PEO-PPO-PEO Poloxamers for a Controlled In Situ Release of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors for Effective Gene Therapy of Cartilage Defects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906508. [PMID: 31763733 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Advanced biomaterial-guided delivery of gene vectors is an emerging and highly attractive therapeutic solution for targeted articular cartilage repair, allowing for a controlled and minimally invasive delivery of gene vectors in a spatiotemporally precise manner, reducing intra-articular vector spread and possible loss of the therapeutic gene product. As far as it is known, the very first successful in vivo application of such a biomaterial-guided delivery of a potent gene vector in an orthotopic large animal model of cartilage damage is reported here. In detail, an injectable and thermosensitive hydrogel based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-poly(propylene oxide) (PPO)-PEO poloxamers, capable of controlled release of a therapeutic recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector overexpressing the chondrogenic sox9 transcription factor in full-thickness chondral defects, is applied in a clinically relevant minipig model in vivo. These comprehensive analyses of the entire osteochondral unit with multiple standardized evaluation methods indicate that rAAV-FLAG-hsox9/PEO-PPO-PEO hydrogel-augmented microfracture significantly improves cartilage repair with a collagen fiber orientation more similar to the normal cartilage and protects the subchondral bone plate from early bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Liang Gao
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Jagadeesh K Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Kathrin Müller-Brandt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Lars Goebel
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Gertrud Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Susanne Speicher-Mentges
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - David Zurakowski
- Department of Anaesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center and Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Anti-ageing gene therapy: Not so far away? Ageing Res Rev 2019; 56:100977. [PMID: 31669577 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Improving healthspan is the main objective of anti-ageing research. Currently, innovative gene therapy-based approaches seem to be among the most promising for preventing and treating chronic polygenic pathologies, including age-related ones. The gene-based therapy allows to modulate the genome architecture using both direct (e.g., by gene editing) and indirect (e.g., by viral or non-viral vectors) approaches. Nevertheless, considering the extraordinary complexity of processes involved in ageing and ageing-related diseases, the effectiveness of these therapeutic options is often unsatisfactory and limited by their side-effects. Thus, clinical implementation of such applications is certainly a long-time process that will require many translation phases for addressing challenges. However, after overcoming these issues, their implementation in clinical practice may obviously provide new possibilities in anti-ageing medicine. Here, we review and discuss recent advances in this rapidly developing research field.
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu Y, Li M, Yin Z, Zhou S, Qiu Y. SUMO-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promoted the repair of articular cartilage in rats. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:560-568. [PMID: 31642552 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage damage can lead to joint deformity, pain, and severe dysfunction. However, due to the lack of blood vessels and nerves in articular cartilage, the self-healing capacity of damaged cartilage is limited. In this study, we overexpressed small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)1, SUMO2/3, and SUMO1/2/3 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Then, these cells were inoculated on surfaces of different hardness, and their differentiation into chondrocytes, hypoxic tolerance ability, and inflammatory response was detected. Finally, BMSCs were transplanted into the injured knee joint cavity of the rats, and the repair was evaluated. We found that BMSCs overexpressing SUMO1 were more likely to differentiate into articular cartilage along with the hardness of the surface, while BMSCs overexpressing SUMO2/3 could reduce inflammation response and improve the damaged cartilage microenvironment. In the rat model, BMSCs overexpressing SUMO1/2/3 transplanted on injured articular cartilage surface showed better survival, less inflammatory response, and improved tissue repair capability. In conclusion, BMSCs overexpressing SUMO are more tolerant to hypoxia conditions, and have stronger repair ability for damaged chondrocytes in vitro and for articular cartilage injury model in rats, and are excellent seed cells for repairing articular cartilage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- The Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,The Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Meng Li
- The Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhanhai Yin
- The Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shuangli Zhou
- The Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yusheng Qiu
- The Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
South S, Lucero J, Vijayagopal P, Juma S. Anti-Inflammatory Action of Blueberry Polyphenols in HIG-82 Rabbit Synoviocytes. J Med Food 2019; 22:1032-1040. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanique South
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Jacquelynn Lucero
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Parakat Vijayagopal
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Shanil Juma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yao X, Wei W, Wang X, Chenglin L, Björklund M, Ouyang H. Stem cell derived exosomes: microRNA therapy for age-related musculoskeletal disorders. Biomaterials 2019; 224:119492. [PMID: 31557588 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) have been historically overlooked by mainstream biopharmaceutical researchers. However, it has now been recognized that stem and progenitor cells confer innate healing capacity for the musculoskeletal system. Current evidence indicates that exosomes are particularly important in this process as they can mediate sequential and reciprocal interactions between cells to initiate and enhance healing. The present review focuses on stem cells (SCs) derived exosomes as a regenerative therapy for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. We discuss mechanisms involving exosome-mediated transfer of RNAs and how these have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo to affect signal transduction pathways in target cells. We envision that standardized protocols for stem cell culture as well as for the isolation and characterization of exosomes enable GMP-compliant large-scale production of SCs-derived exosomes. Hence, potential new treatment for age-related degenerative diseases can be seen in the horizon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Yao
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University, Haining, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University, Haining, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhao Wang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University, Haining, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Chenglin
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University, Haining, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mikael Björklund
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University, Haining, China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University, Haining, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum and Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
The Role of Exosomes in Bone Remodeling: Implications for Bone Physiology and Disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:9417914. [PMID: 31485281 PMCID: PMC6710799 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9417914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling represents a physiological phenomenon of continuous bone tissue renewal that requires fine orchestration of multiple cell types, which is critical for the understanding of bone disease but not yet clarified in precise detail. Exosomes, which are cell-secreted nanovesicles drawing increasing attention for their broad biosignaling functions, can shed new light on how multiple heterogeneous cells communicate for the purpose of bone remodeling. In the healthy bone, exosomes transmit signals favoring both bone synthesis and resorption, regulating the differentiation, recruitment, and activity of most cell types involved in bone remodeling and even assuming an active role in extracellular matrix mineralization. Additionally, in the ailing bone, they actively participate in pathogenic processes constituting also potential therapeutic agents and drug vectors. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on bone exosomes and bone remodeling in health and disease.
Collapse
|
31
|
Venkatesan JK, Rey-Rico A, Cucchiarini M. Current Trends in Viral Gene Therapy for Human Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:345-355. [PMID: 31413939 PMCID: PMC6675832 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Viral vector-based therapeutic gene therapy is a potent strategy to enhance the intrinsic reparative abilities of human orthopaedic tissues. However, clinical application of viral gene transfer remains hindered by detrimental responses in the host against such vectors (immunogenic responses, vector dissemination to nontarget locations). Combining viral gene therapy techniques with tissue engineering procedures may offer strong tools to improve the current systems for applications in vivo. Methods The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the most recent systems exploiting biomaterial technologies and therapeutic viral gene transfer in human orthopaedic regenerative medicine. Results Integration of tissue engineering platforms with viral gene vectors is an active area of research in orthopaedics as a means to overcome the obstacles precluding effective viral gene therapy. Conclusions In light of promising preclinical data that may rapidly expand in a close future, biomaterial-guided viral gene therapy has a strong potential for translation in the field of human orthopaedic regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Kumar Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr, Bldg 37, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr, Bldg 37, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr, Bldg 37, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen T, Cao F, Wu X, Peng W, Zhi W, Weng J, Zhang X, Wang J. Constructing Gene-Enhanced Tissue Engineering for Regeneration and Repair of Osteochondral Defects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1900004. [PMID: 32648702 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In situ sustained release of endogenous growth factors from cells is a challenge for repair and regeneration of tissue. Although recombinant adenovirus vectors are an effective delivery system that can prolong the release of growth factors and is very suitable for the therapy of growth factors, these recombinant adenovirus vectors that are widely used at present have low safety and stability in terms of long-term expression. In this study, the above problems are solved by knocking out both E1 and E3 genes at the same time and directly inserting the gene fragments encoding target proteins after the inverted terminal repeats. Finally, the combination of gene therapy with tissue engineering in regeneration and repair of full-thickness defects of osteochondral tissue are applied as an example. The results show that this strategy can achieve complete repair of articular osteochondral defects and recovery of their function, and meanwhile solve the problems of low safety and expression instability of recombinant adenovirus vectors. This method provides a bright prospect for the application of gene enhanced tissue engineering in the regeneration and repair of joint tissue, and also provides a reference for the repair and regeneration of other tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhen Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Watson Levings RS, Broome TA, Smith AD, Rice BL, Gibbs EP, Myara DA, Hyddmark EV, Nasri E, Zarezadeh A, Levings PP, Lu Y, White ME, Dacanay EA, Foremny GB, Evans CH, Morton AJ, Winter M, Dark MJ, Nickerson DM, Colahan PT, Ghivizzani SC. Gene Therapy for Osteoarthritis: Pharmacokinetics of Intra-Articular Self-Complementary Adeno-Associated Virus Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Delivery in an Equine Model. HUM GENE THER CL DEV 2019; 29:90-100. [PMID: 29869540 DOI: 10.1089/humc.2017.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Toward the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), the authors have been investigating self-complementary adeno-associated virus (scAAV) for intra-articular delivery of therapeutic gene products. As OA frequently affects weight-bearing joints, pharmacokinetic studies of scAAV gene delivery were performed in the joints of the equine forelimb to identify parameters relevant to clinical translation in humans. Using interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) as a secreted therapeutic reporter, scAAV vector plasmids containing codon-optimized cDNA for equine IL-1Ra (eqIL-1Ra) were generated, which produced eqIL-1Ra at levels 30- to 50-fold higher than the native sequence. The most efficient cDNA was packaged in AAV2.5 capsid, and following characterization in vitro, the virus was injected into the carpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of horses over a 100-fold dose range. A putative ceiling dose of 5 × 1012 viral genomes was identified that elevated the steady-state eqIL-1Ra in the synovial fluids of injected joints by >40-fold over endogenous levels and was sustained for at least 6 months. No adverse effects were seen, and eqIL-1Ra in serum and urine remained at background levels throughout. Using the 5 × 1012 viral genome dose of scAAV, and green fluorescent protein as a cytologic marker, the local and systemic distribution of vector and transduced cells following intra-articular injection scAAV.GFP were compared in healthy equine joints and in those with late-stage, naturally occurring OA. In both cases, 99.7% of the vector remained within the injected joint. Strikingly, the pathologies characteristic of OA (synovitis, osteophyte formation, and cartilage erosion) were associated with a substantial increase in transgenic expression relative to tissues in healthy joints. This was most notable in regions of articular cartilage with visible damage, where foci of brilliantly fluorescent chondrocytes were observed. Overall, these data suggest that AAV-mediated gene transfer can provide relatively safe, sustained protein drug delivery to joints of human proportions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ted A Broome
- 2 Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Andrew D Smith
- 2 Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Brett L Rice
- 2 Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Eric P Gibbs
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - David A Myara
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - E Viktoria Hyddmark
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Elham Nasri
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ali Zarezadeh
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Padraic P Levings
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Yuan Lu
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Margaret E White
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - E Anthony Dacanay
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Gregory B Foremny
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Christopher H Evans
- 3 Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alison J Morton
- 2 Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mathew Winter
- 4 Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael J Dark
- 5 Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - David M Nickerson
- 6 Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Central Florida , Orlando, Florida
| | - Patrick T Colahan
- 2 Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Steven C Ghivizzani
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
miR-134 inhibits chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targetting SMAD6. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180921. [PMID: 30135141 PMCID: PMC6356013 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Various miRNAs have been reported to regulate the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs); however, whether miR-134 plays a role in this biological process remains undetermined. In the present study, we first evaluated the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs by Alcian blue staining, and examined the miR-134 expression by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) during this process. And miR-134 inhibitor was used to investigate the functions of miR-134 in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs by Alcian blue staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. Subsequently, the correlation between miR-134 and SMAD6 was assessed via bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the role of SMAD6 in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs was also determined through Alcian blue staining, qRT-PCR, and Western blot. As results showed that miR-134 expression was significantly down-regulated during chondrogenic differentiation, and inhibition of miR-134 obviously promoted chondrogenic differentiation. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-134 could directly target the 3′-UTRs of SMAD6, inhibit miR-134 expression in BMSCs, and up-regulate SMAD6 expression. Moreover, we found that overexpression of SMAD6 significantly promoted chondrogenic differentiation, and that SMAD6-induced promotion of chondrogenic differentiation could be reversed by miR-134 mimics. In conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-134 may act as a negative regulator during chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs by interacting with SMAD6.
Collapse
|
35
|
Repair of Damaged Articular Cartilage: Current Approaches and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082366. [PMID: 30103493 PMCID: PMC6122081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular hyaline cartilage is extensively hydrated, but it is neither innervated nor vascularized, and its low cell density allows only extremely limited self-renewal. Most clinical and research efforts currently focus on the restoration of cartilage damaged in connection with osteoarthritis or trauma. Here, we discuss current clinical approaches for repairing cartilage, as well as research approaches which are currently developing, and those under translation into clinical practice. We also describe potential future directions in this area, including tissue engineering based on scaffolding and/or stem cells as well as a combination of gene and cell therapy. Particular focus is placed on cell-based approaches and the potential of recently characterized chondro-progenitors; progress with induced pluripotent stem cells is also discussed. In this context, we also consider the ability of different types of stem cell to restore hyaline cartilage and the importance of mimicking the environment in vivo during cell expansion and differentiation into mature chondrocytes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Bellavia D, Raimondi L, Costa V, De Luca A, Carina V, Maglio M, Fini M, Alessandro R, Giavaresi G. Engineered exosomes: A new promise for the management of musculoskeletal diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:1893-1901. [PMID: 29885361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomes are nanovesicles actively secreted by potentially all cell types, including tumour cells, with the primary role of extracellular systemic communication mediators, both at autocrine and paracrine levels, at short and long distances. Recently, different studies have used exosomes as a delivery system for a plethora of different molecules, such as drugs, microRNAs and proteins. This has been made possible thanks to the simplicity in exosomes engineering, their great stability and versatility for applications in oncology as well as in regenerative medicine. SCOPE OF REVIEW The aim of this review is to provide information on the state-of-the-art and possible applications of engineered exosomes, both for cargo and specific cell-targeting, in different pathologies related to the musculoskeletal system. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The use of exosomes as therapeutic agents is rapidly evolving, different studies explore drug delivery with exosomes using different molecules, showing an enormous potential in various research fields such as oncology and regenerative medicine. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE However, despite the significant progress made by the different studies carried out, currently, the use of exosomes is not a therapeutic reality for the considerable difficulties to overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bellavia
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - L Raimondi
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - V Costa
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - A De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - V Carina
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Maglio
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Fini
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Alessandro
- Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo 90133, Italy; Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto ortopedico Rizzoli, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gabner S, Ertl R, Velde K, Renner M, Jenner F, Egerbacher M, Hlavaty J. Cytokine-induced interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein expression in genetically engineered equine mesenchymal stem cells for osteoarthritis treatment. J Gene Med 2018; 20:e3021. [PMID: 29608232 PMCID: PMC6001542 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A combination of tissue engineering methods employing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) together with gene transfer takes advantage of innovative strategies and highlights a new approach for targeting osteoarthritis (OA) and other cartilage defects. Furthermore, the development of systems allowing tunable transgene expression as regulated by natural disease-induced substances is highly desirable. METHODS Bone marrow-derived equine MSCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene under the control of an inducible nuclear factor-kappa B-responsive promoter and IL-1Ra production upon pro-inflammatory cytokine stimulation [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL)-1β] was analysed. To assess the biological activity of the IL-1Ra protein that was produced and the therapeutic effect of IL-1Ra-expressing MSCs (MSC/IL-1Ra), cytokine-based two- and three-dimensional in vitro models of osteoarthritis using equine chondrocytes were established and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis was used to measure the gene expression of aggrecan, collagen IIA1, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-13. RESULTS A dose-dependent increase in IL-1Ra expression was found in MSC/IL-1Ra cells upon TNFα administration, whereas stimulation using IL-1β did not lead to IL-1Ra production above the basal level observed in nonstimulated cells as a result of the existing feedback loop. Repeated cycles of induction allowed on/off modulation of transgene expression. In vitro analyses revealed that IL-1Ra protein present in the conditioned medium from MSC/IL-1Ra cells blocks OA onset in cytokine-treated equine chondrocytes and co-cultivation of MSC/IL-1Ra cells with osteoarthritic spheroids alleviates the severity of the osteoarthritic changes. CONCLUSIONS Thus, pro-inflammatory cytokine induced IL-1Ra protein expression from genetically modified MSCs might represent a promising strategy for osteoarthritis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Gabner
- Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Working Group Histology and EmbryologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Reinhard Ertl
- VetCORE, Facility for ResearchUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Karsten Velde
- Equine University HospitalUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Matthias Renner
- Division of Medical BiotechnologyPaul‐Ehrlich‐InstitutLangenGermany
| | - Florien Jenner
- Equine University HospitalUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Monika Egerbacher
- Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Working Group Histology and EmbryologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Juraj Hlavaty
- Institute of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Working Group Histology and EmbryologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Understanding Chinese Medicine Patterns of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Biomarkers. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5010017. [PMID: 29401671 PMCID: PMC5874582 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: A considerable number of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients only experience side effects from treatment, with little to no actual pain relief. The combination of disease diagnosis in biomedicine and multi-disciplinary integrative approaches such as Chinese Medicine (CM), can help to identify different functional diagnosis of RA in the context of biomarker discovery. We aimed to analyse CM patterns in RA and their biomarker profiles. Methods: Four electronic databases (web of science, CINAHL, Scopus and PubMed) were searched. The reference list of all identified reports and articles were searched for additional studies. All study designs were included and no date limits were set. Studies were considered if they were published in English and explored the possible biomarkers profiles in RA patients, classified according to the American College of Rheumatology and categorized in CM as either cold, heat/hot or deficiency patterns. Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using checklists adapted from the ©Critical Appraisal Skills Programme by two independent reviewers. A narrative synthesis was conducted, using thematic analysis. Results: A total of 10 articles were included. The studies examined 77 healthy volunteers and 1150 RA patients categorized as cold, heat/hot or deficiency pattern and related biomarkers were identified individually or concomitantly. Conclusions: CM pattern differentiation based on clinical signs and symptoms showed a diverse range of biomolecules, proteins and genes from RA patients correlated well with cold, heat/hot or deficiency phenotype-based CM patterns and could be used as diagnostic biomarkers for early detection, disease monitoring and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|