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Ringlever L, Hiemstra M, C M E Engels R, C P van Schayck O, Otten R. Engaging parents of children with and without asthma in smoking-specific parenting: results from a 3-year Randomized Controlled Trial evaluation. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2016; 31:760-770. [PMID: 27923865 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyw050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study evaluated long-term effects of a home-based smoking prevention program targeting smoking-specific parenting in families with children with and without asthma. A total of 1398 non-smoking children (mean age 10.1) participated, of which 197 (14.1%) were diagnosed with asthma. Families were blinded to group assignment. The intervention group (n = 684) received booklets with assignments that actively encouraged parents to engage in smoking-specific parenting strategies. Control families (n = 714) received booklets containing basic information about youth smoking. Latent growth curve modeling was used to calculate intercepts and slopes to examine whether there was change in the different parenting aspects over the study period. Regression analyses were used to examine whether a possible change was different for intervention and control condition families with and without a child with asthma. For those smoking-specific parenting aspects that changed over time, families in the intervention and control condition increased similarly. Families with a child with asthma did not engage in parenting at higher levels due to the intervention program than parents of non-asthmatic children. This prevention program did not affect smoking-specific parenting in the Netherlands. Future prevention research could focus on other risk factors for smoking initiation among adolescents with asthma. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register NTR1465.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ringlever
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Research Centre for Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Hiemstra
- Research Centre for Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger C M E Engels
- Developmental Psychopathology, Utrecht University and Trimbos Institute: Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addicition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C P van Schayck
- Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands and
| | - Roy Otten
- Department Research & Development of Pluryn, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hiemstra M, Engels RCME, van Schayck OCP, Otten R. Home-based smoking prevention program Smoke-free Kids on smoking-related cognitions: Secondary outcomes from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Psychol Health 2015; 31:131-46. [PMID: 26123678 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2015.1067704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The home-based smoking prevention programme 'Smoke-free Kids' did not have an effect on primary outcome smoking initiation. A possible explanation may be that the programme has a delayed effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on the development of important precursors of smoking: smoking-related cognitions. METHODS We used a cluster randomised controlled trial in 9- to 11-year-old children and their mothers. The intervention condition received five activity modules, including a communication sheet for mothers, by mail at four-week intervals. The control condition received a fact-based programme. Secondary outcomes were attitudes, self-efficacy and social norms. Latent growth curves analyses were used to calculate the development of cognitions over time. Subsequently, path modelling was used to estimate the programme effects on the initial level and growth of each cognition. RESULTS Analyses were performed on 1398 never-smoking children at baseline. Results showed that for children in the intervention condition, perceived maternal norms increased less strongly as compared to the control condition (β = -.10, p = .03). No effects were found for the other cognitions. CONCLUSION Based on the limited effects, we do not assume that the programme will have a delayed effect on smoking behaviour later during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Hiemstra
- a Research Centre for Adolescent Development, University Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Rutger C M E Engels
- b Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen , Nijmegen , The Netherlands.,c Trimbos Institute , Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Onno C P van Schayck
- d Department of General Practice , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Roy Otten
- b Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen , Nijmegen , The Netherlands.,c Trimbos Institute , Utrecht , The Netherlands
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Hithersay R, Strydom A, Moulster G, Buszewicz M. Carer-led health interventions to monitor, promote and improve the health of adults with intellectual disabilities in the community: a systematic review. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2014; 35:887-907. [PMID: 24495402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Using carers to help assess, monitor, or promote health in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) may be one way of improving health outcomes in a population that experiences significant health inequalities. This paper provides a review of carer-led health interventions in various populations and healthcare settings, in order to investigate potential roles for carers in ID health care. We used rapid review methodology, using the Scopus database, citation tracking and input from ID healthcare professionals to identify relevant research. 24 studies were included in the final review. For people with ID, the only existing interventions found were carer-completed health diaries which, while being well received, failed to improve health outcomes. Studies in non-ID populations show that carers can successfully deliver screening procedures, health promotion interventions and interventions to improve coping skills, pain management and cognitive functioning. While such examples provide a useful starting point for the development of future carer-led health interventions for people with ID, the paucity of research in this area means that the most appropriate means of engaging carers in a way that will reliably impact on health outcomes in this population remains, as yet, unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn Hithersay
- Research Department of Mental Health Sciences, Charles Bell House, 2nd Floor, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ, United Kingdom.
| | - André Strydom
- Research Department of Mental Health Sciences, Charles Bell House, 2nd Floor, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Gwen Moulster
- Haringey Learning Disabilities Partnership, Cumberland House, Cumberland Road, Wood Green N22 7SJ, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Buszewicz
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population Health, Upper Third Floor, UCL Medical School (Royal Free Campus), Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom
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Hiemstra M, Ringlever L, Otten R, van Schayck OCP, Jackson C, Engels RCME. Long-term effects of a home-based smoking prevention program on smoking initiation: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Prev Med 2014; 60:65-70. [PMID: 24355576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of the study were to evaluate the long-term effects of a home-based smoking prevention program 'Smoke-free Kids' during preadolescence on smoking initiation during adolescence and to test the potential moderating role of parental smoking, socioeconomic status, and asthma. METHOD In 2008, 1478 9-11year old children and their mothers were recruited from 418 elementary schools in the Netherlands. An independent statistician randomly allocated schools to one of the two conditions using a 1:1 ratio (single blind): 728 children in the intervention and 750 in the control condition. The intervention condition received five activity modules, including a communication sheet for mothers, by mail at four-week intervals and one booster module one year after baseline. The control condition received a fact-based intervention only. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed on 1398 non-smoking children at baseline. RESULTS In the intervention 10.8% of the children started smoking compared to 12% in the control condition. This difference was non-significant (odds ratio=0.90, 95% confidence interval=0.63-1.27). No moderating effects were found. CONCLUSION No effects on smoking initiation after 36months were found. Perhaps, the program was implemented with children that were too young. Programs closer to the age of smoking onset should be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Hiemstra
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Linda Ringlever
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Otten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Onno C P van Schayck
- Department of General Practice, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Jackson
- Public Health and Environment Division, RTI International, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2194, USA
| | - Rutger C M E Engels
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Stanton CA, Highland KB, Tercyak KP, Luta G, Niaura RS. Authoritative parenting and cigarette smoking among multiethnic preadolescents: the mediating role of anti-tobacco parenting strategies. J Pediatr Psychol 2014; 39:109-19. [PMID: 24306966 PMCID: PMC3894423 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jst087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parenting has been shown to affect smoking among children in U.S. majority groups, but less is known about this association among multiethnic urban populations. Our study examines the role of parenting on smoking among a highly diverse sample. METHODS Health surveys were collected from eighth graders (N = 459) in 2 low-income urban schools. Structural equation models examined the direct and indirect effects of authoritative parenting on lifetime smoking. A moderated mediation analysis examined whether indirect effects of authoritative parenting vary among racial/ethnic groups. RESULTS Authoritative controlling parenting, characterized by limit setting, was positively associated with anti-tobacco parenting. Anti-tobacco parenting was inversely associated with smoking, mediating the relationship between controlling parenting and smoking. There was no evidence that mediation was moderated by race/ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Parent training, which focuses on setting rules and expectations, can be an important and universal element of smoking prevention programs targeted to youth in diverse communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra A Stanton
- PhD, Assistant Department of Oncology, Schroeder/Lombardi Cancer Control Consortium, Cancer Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3300 Whitehaven Street, NW Suite 4100, Washington DC 20007, USA.
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Schori D, Hofmann K, Abel T. Social inequality and smoking in young Swiss men: intergenerational transmission of cultural capital and health orientation. Int J Public Health 2013; 59:261-70. [PMID: 24362449 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-013-0537-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Smoking is related to income and education and contributes to social inequality in morbidity and mortality. Socialisation theories focus on one's family of origin as regards acquisition of norms, attitudes and behaviours. Aim of this study is to assess associations of daily smoking with health orientation and academic track in young Swiss men. Further, to assess associations of health orientation and academic track with family healthy lifestyle, parents' cultural capital, and parents' economic capital. METHODS Cross-sectional data were collected during recruitment for compulsory military service in Switzerland during 2010 and 2011. A structural equation model was fitted to a sample of 18- to 25-year-old Swiss men (N = 10,546). RESULTS Smoking in young adults was negatively associated with academic track and health orientation. Smoking was negatively associated with parents' cultural capital through academic track. Smoking was negatively associated with health orientation which in turn was positively associated with a healthy lifestyle in the family of origin. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest two different mechanisms of intergenerational transmissions: first, the family transmission path of health-related dispositions, and secondly, the structural transmission path of educational inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schori
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,
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Liao Y, Huang Z, Huh J, Pentz MA, Chou CP. Changes in friends' and parental influences on cigarette smoking from early through late adolescence. J Adolesc Health 2013; 53:132-8. [PMID: 23583505 PMCID: PMC3691293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the changes in friends' and parental influences on cigarette smoking across two developmentally distinct social environments for adolescents: junior high school and high school. METHODS Longitudinal data consisting of seven repeated measures following 1,001 adolescents from 7th to 12th grade was obtained from the Midwestern Prevention Project. A two-piece Growth Curve Model (GCM) was used to assess the growth trajectory of current cigarette use: one piece for the junior high school period, and the other for the high school period. Perceived friends' and parental cigarette use were each used as a time-varying covariate in separate GCMs. RESULTS Effects of friends' and parental cigarette use remained significant on adolescent cigarette smoking across the two developmental periods. The magnitude of friends' effect was in general higher during junior high school than high school. The magnitude of the parental effect remained relatively stable between the two periods. However, decreasing trends in both effects were observed from 10th to 12th grade. Gender differences also emerged. Friends' and parental effects were greater for girls in their early high school years, whereas friends' effect decreased in magnitude among girls and increased among boys during high school. CONCLUSIONS The transition from junior high school to high school represents an opportunity for interventions to counteract peer influence given that such influence appeared to be much weaker during this period. However, interventions should continue to target parents as their behavior remains influential through the end of high school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liao
- Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Hiemstra M, Ringlever L, Otten R, van Schayck OCP, Engels RCME. Short-term effects of a home-based smoking prevention program on antismoking socialization and smoking-related cognitions: a cluster randomized controlled trial. Eur Addict Res 2013. [PMID: 23183781 DOI: 10.1159/000341995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the short-term effects of a home-based smoking prevention program called 'Smoke-free Kids' on antismoking socialization and smoking-related cognitions and the moderating role of parental smoking. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS A cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out using one intervention condition compared with a control condition. A total of 1,398 never-smoking children (mean age 10.11 years, SD 0.78) participated. Intention-to-treat and completers-only analyses were performed. Participants in the intervention condition (n=728) received 5 activity modules by mail at 4-week intervals. Modules included communication sheets for their mothers. Participants in the control condition (n=750) received a fact-based intervention only. The main outcomes were the frequency and quality of communication, nonsmoking agreement, house rules, availability of cigarettes, perceived maternal influence, anticipated maternal reactions, attitude, self-efficacy and social norms. RESULTS Significant effects of the program were found for frequency of communication (B=0.11, p<0.001), nonsmoking agreement (B=0.07, p<0.01), perceived maternal influences (B=0.09, p<0.05), self-efficacy (B=-0.09, p<0.05) and social norms of friends (B=-0.08, p=0.05) and best friends (B=-0.11, p<0.05). Parental smoking had no moderating effect. CONCLUSIONS The Smoke-free Kids program shows promising short-term effects on antismoking socialization and cognitions. Long-term follow-up on the effects of smoking behavior are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Hiemstra
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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