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Ridde V, Faye A. Challenges in Implementing the National Health Response to COVID-19 in Senegal. GLOBAL IMPLEMENTATION RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 2:219-233. [PMID: 35967834 PMCID: PMC9361250 DOI: 10.1007/s43477-022-00053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa, many epidemiological or anthropological studies have been published. However, few studies have yet been conducted to understand the implementation of State interventions to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. In Senegal, the national response plan was planned before the country experienced its first official case of COVID-19 on 2 March 2020. This qualitative study, conducted in March and April 2021, based on 189 interviews, aims to understand how the national response has been implemented in several regions of Senegal. Implementation of the response to the pandemic was favoured by good preparation, capacity to adapt, responsiveness of health actors, and commitment for both the political and religious authorities. The implementation response was confronted by several constraining factors such as the coercive approach, the challenges of coordinating actors, and the lack of intersectoral response. The central level has sometimes used reflexivity processes to adapt its response, but it has remained highly politicized, centralized, directive, and with little involvement of civil society. In Senegal, the response to the pandemic has been implemented in a relatively political and directive, even coercive manner, without necessarily considering prior knowledge and the need to adapt it to local contexts and to involve civil society and community actors in the process. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43477-022-00053-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéry Ridde
- Institute of Health and Development (ISED), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
- Université Paris Cité, IRD, Inserm, Ceped, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Adama Faye
- Institute of Health and Development (ISED), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
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2
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Martin-Fernandez J, Aromatario O, Prigent O, Porcherie M, Ridde V, Cambon L. Evaluation of a knowledge translation strategy to improve policymaking and practices in health promotion and disease prevention setting in French regions: TC-REG, a realist study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045936. [PMID: 34593485 PMCID: PMC8487168 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper presents the results of a realist evaluation of a knowledge translation (KT) intervention implemented in the field of health promotion and disease prevention at the local level in France. DESIGN Realist evaluation study. SETTING The target population comprised decision-makers and field professionals working in prevention and public health services operating in regions of France (ie, ARS (Agence Régionale de Santé: regional health agency), IREPS (Instance Régionale d'Education et de Promotion de la Santé pour tous: regional organisation for health promotion and education) and their partners). PARTICIPANTS This evaluation was based on data collected from 2 seminars, 82 interviews, 18 observations and 4 focus groups over 18 months. INTERVENTION The TC-REG intervention aimed to increase the use of evidence in cancer prevention, health promotion and disease prevention across four geographical regions in France. The intervention combined various activities: Supporting access to and adaptation of usable evidence, strengthening professionals' skills in analysing, adopting and using policy briefs, and facilitating the use of evidence in organisations and processes. RESULTS The collected data was used to define favourable/unfavourable contexts for the use of scientific data and mechanisms to be activated to encourage the use of scientific knowledge. From these raw results eight final refined middle-range theories were defined. Organised around the mechanisms to be activated, these middle-range theories illustrate how to activate knowledge and under what conditions. These analyses provided a basis for the production of seven operational and contextualised recommendations to develop KT to inform regional policymaking regarding health promotion and disease prevention. CONCLUSION The results obtained from the analyses led us to formulate two perspectives of an operational nature for the benefit of those involved in prevention and health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Martin-Fernandez
- INSERM Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Prevention Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Aromatario
- INSERM Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ollivier Prigent
- INSERM Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marion Porcherie
- Arènes-Rennes, UMR CNRS 6051, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sante Publique, Rennes, France
| | - Valéry Ridde
- IRD-Université de Paris, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, CEPED, Institute for Research on Sustainable Development, Paris, France
| | - Linda Cambon
- INSERM Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, CIC1401-EC, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Bordeaux, France
- Chaire de prévention, University of Bordeaux, Isped, SPF, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
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Yimgang D, Danhoundo G, Kusi-Appiah E, Sunder V, Campbell S, Yaya S. A scoping review of researchers' involvement in health policy dialogue in Africa. Syst Rev 2021; 10:190. [PMID: 34174957 PMCID: PMC8236190 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01745-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving evidence-informed policy dialogue to support the development and implementation of national health policies is vital, but there is limited evidence on researchers' roles in policy dialogue processes in Africa. The objective of this study is to examine researchers' involvement in health policy dialogue in Africa. METHODS The database search of this scoping review was conducted from inception to January 24, 2021, by an expert searcher/librarian to determine the extent of evidence, barriers, and facilitators of researchers' involvement in health policy dialogues in Africa. PROSPERO, Wiley Cochrane Library, OVID Medline, OVID EMBASE, OVID PsycINFO, OVID Global Health, EBSCO CINAHL, BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine), and Google/Google Scholar were searched using key words representing the concepts "policy dialogue", "health", and "Africa". No limits were applied. A narrative summary of results was presented. RESULTS There were 26 eligible studies representing 21 African countries. Significant discrepancies in researchers' involvement existed across countries. In 62% of the countries, there was suboptimal involvement of researchers in policy dialogues due to no or partial participation in policy dialogues. Major barriers included limited funding, lack of evidence in the public health field of interest, and skepticism of policymakers. The presence of an interface for exchange, demand for scientific evidence, and donors' funding were the most reported facilitators. CONCLUSIONS To improve the uptake of evidence in health policy-making processes, an environment of trust and communication between policymakers and researchers must be established. Policymakers need to demonstrate that they value research, by providing adequate funding, promoting knowledge translation activities, and supporting personal and professional development opportunities for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, 120 University Private, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6 N5, Canada. .,The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Brakema EA, van der Kleij RM, Poot CC, Chavannes NH, Tsiligianni I, Walusimbi S, An PL, Sooronbaev T, Numans ME, Crone MR, Reis RR. A systematic approach to context-mapping to prepare for health interventions: development and validation of the SETTING-tool in four countries. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2020-003221. [PMID: 33436446 PMCID: PMC7805378 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Effectiveness of health interventions can be substantially impaired by implementation failure. Context-driven implementation strategies are critical for successful implementation. However, there is no practical, evidence-based guidance on how to map the context in order to design context-driven strategies. Therefore, this practice paper describes the development and validation of a systematic context-mapping tool. The tool was cocreated with local end-users through a multistage approach. As proof of concept, the tool was used to map beliefs and behaviour related to chronic respiratory disease within the FRESH AIR project in Uganda, Kyrgyzstan, Vietnam and Greece. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated using the modified Conceptual Framework for Implementation Fidelity. Effectiveness was assessed by the degree to which context-driven adjustments were made to implementation strategies of FRESH AIR health interventions. The resulting Setting-Exploration-Treasure-Trail-to-Inform-implementatioN-strateGies (SETTING-tool) consisted of six steps: (1) Coset study priorities with local stakeholders, (2) Combine a qualitative rapid assessment with a quantitative survey (a mixed-method design), (3) Use context-sensitive materials, (4) Collect data involving community researchers, (5) Analyse pragmatically and/or in-depth to ensure timely communication of findings and (6) Continuously disseminate findings to relevant stakeholders. Use of the tool proved highly feasible, acceptable and effective in each setting. To conclude, the SETTING-tool is validated to systematically map local contexts for (lung) health interventions in diverse low-resource settings. It can support policy-makers, non-governmental organisations and health workers in the design of context-driven implementation strategies. This can reduce the risk of implementation failure and the waste of resource potential. Ultimately, this could improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn A Brakema
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Charlotte C Poot
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Niels H Chavannes
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ioanna Tsiligianni
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraclion, Crete, Greece
| | - Simon Walusimbi
- Department of Medicine and Makerere Lung Institute, Makerere University Faculty of Medicine, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Pham Le An
- Center of Training Family Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Talant Sooronbaev
- Pulmonary Department, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Mattijs E Numans
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Matty R Crone
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ria R Reis
- Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,The Children's Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Louart S, Bonnet E, Ridde V. Is patient navigation a solution to the problem of "leaving no one behind"? A scoping review of evidence from low-income countries. Health Policy Plan 2021; 36:101-116. [PMID: 33212491 PMCID: PMC7938515 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czaa093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient navigation interventions, which are designed to enable patients excluded from health systems to overcome the barriers they face in accessing care, have multiplied in high-income countries since the 1990s. However, in low-income countries (LICs), indigents are generally excluded from health policies despite the international paradigm of universal health coverage (UHC). Fee exemption interventions have demonstrated their limits and it is now necessary to act on other dimensions of access to healthcare. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the interventions implemented in LICs to support the indigents throughout their care pathway. The aim of this paper is to synthesize what is known about patient navigation interventions to facilitate access to modern health systems for vulnerable populations in LICs. We therefore conducted a scoping review to identify all patient navigation interventions in LICs. We found 60 articles employing a total of 48 interventions. Most of these interventions targeted traditional beneficiaries such as people living with HIV, pregnant women and children. We utilized the framework developed by Levesque et al. (Patient-centred access to health care: conceptualising access at the interface of health systems and populations. Int J Equity Health 2013;12:18) to analyse the interventions. All acted on the ability to perceive, 34 interventions on the ability to reach, 30 on the ability to engage, 8 on the ability to pay and 6 on the ability to seek. Evaluations of these interventions were encouraging, as they often appeared to lead to improved health indicators and service utilization rates and reduced attrition in care. However, no intervention specifically targeted indigents and very few evaluations differentiated the impact of the intervention on the poorest populations. It is therefore necessary to test navigation interventions to enable those who are worst off to overcome the barriers they face. It is a major ethical issue that health policies leave no one behind and that UHC does not benefit everyone except the poorest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Louart
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8019 - CLERSE - Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches sociologiques et Économiques, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Bonnet
- Institute for Research on Sustainable Development, UMI Résiliences 236, Bondy, France
| | - Valéry Ridde
- Institute for Research on Sustainable Development, CEPED (IRD-Université de Paris), Université de Paris, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, 45 Rue des Saints-Pères, Paris 75006, France
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Dagenais C, Proulx M, Mc Sween-Cadieux E, Nikiema A, Bonnet E, Ridde V, Somé PA. Collaborative research and knowledge translation on road crashes in Burkina Faso: the police perspective 18 months on. Health Res Policy Syst 2021; 19:3. [PMID: 33407558 PMCID: PMC7788855 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-020-00654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this commentary, we present a follow-up of two articles published in 2017 and 2018 about road traffic crashes, which is an important public health issue in Africa and Burkina Faso. The first article reported on a research project, conducted in partnership with local actors involved in road safety, carried out in Ouagadougou in 2015. Its aim was to test the effectiveness, acceptability, and capacity of a surveillance system to assess the number of road traffic crashes and their consequences on the health of crash victims. Several knowledge translation activities were carried out to maximize its impact and were reported in the 2018 article published in HRPS: monthly reports presenting the research data, large-format printed maps distributed to the city's police stations, and a deliberative workshop held at the end of the research project. The present commentary presents our efforts to deepen our understanding of the impacts of the knowledge translation strategy, based on follow-up interviews, 18 months after the workshop, with the heads of the road traffic crash units in Ouagadougou police stations (n = 5). Several benefits were reported by respondents. Their involvement in the process prompted them to broaden their knowledge of other ways of dealing with the issue of road crashes. This led them, sometimes with their colleagues, to intervene differently: more rapid response at collision sites, increased surveillance of dangerous intersections, user awareness-raising on the importance of the highway code, etc. However, sustaining these actions over the longer term has proven difficult. Several lessons were derived from this experience, regarding the importance of producing useful and locally applicable research data, of ensuring the acceptability of the technologies used for data collection, of using collaborative approaches in research and knowledge translation, of ensuring the visibility of actions undertaken by actors in the field, and of involving decision-makers in the research process to maximize its impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dagenais
- Department of Psychology, Centre-Ville Station, University of Montreal, P.O. Box 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Michelle Proulx
- Humanov·Is, 555 René-Lévesque Blvd. W., Montreal, QC, H2Z 1B1, Canada
| | - Esther Mc Sween-Cadieux
- Department of Psychology, Centre-Ville Station, University of Montreal, P.O. Box 6128, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Aude Nikiema
- Institut Des Sciences de Societé (INSS/CNRST), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Emmanuel Bonnet
- French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), UMI Résiliences, Centre IRD de Bondy Nord, Bondy, France
| | - Valéry Ridde
- French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), CEPED (IRD-Université Paris Descartes), Universités Paris Sorbonne Cités, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, Paris, France.,School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul-André Somé
- Action-Gouvernance-Intégration-Renforcement, Groupe de Travail en Santé et Développement (AGIR/SD), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Changiz T, Yousefy A, Fakhari M. Research utilization process model: A cyclical, spiral, and developmental process to provide conclusive research knowledge in health professions education. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2020; 34:79. [PMID: 33306047 PMCID: PMC7711046 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.34.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Research utilization plays an important role in evidence-based practice. Health professions education is a research-based discipline. Conclusive research knowledge is ranked as high level of evidence in evidence-based practice. This study was conducted to develop a model to reach conclusive research knowledge in health professions education.
Methods: This study was conducted in 2 phases. In the first phase, a qualitative content analysis of the literature was performed, which provided research utilization concepts to design a model. In the second phase, a group of 5 consultants of health professions education designed a preliminary model and revised it to develop an appropriate model for research utilization in health professions education.
Results: The indicators mentioned in 24 documents were extracted and later categorized into 25 items. Then, 8 concepts emerged, including problem identification, research design and implementation, research reports, research publication, presentation, research access, adoption, and research use. These concepts were arranged to design a model for research utilization in health professions education.
Conclusion: This study illustrated a cyclical, spiral, and developmental model to reach conclusive research knowledge. This model emphasizes both primary and secondary research projects to reach conclusive research knowledge. Also, it distinguishes between aligned transfer and cooperative presentation in research knowledge dissemination. This model reveals the importance of the process use in health profession education. Also, it distinguishes between use and misuse of research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Changiz
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Yousefy
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fakhari
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Spagnolo J, Gautier L, Champagne F, Leduc N, Melki W, N'Guessan K, Charfi F. Reflecting on knowledge translation strategies from global health research projects in Tunisia and the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:1559-1570. [PMID: 33068122 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01502-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We describe the knowledge translation strategies in two projects and share lessons learned about knowledge sharing and uptake. METHODS To generate findings for dissemination: (1) the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (RCI) project relied on a multiple case study design to document barriers and facilitators to implementing a community-led prevention strategy targeting Ebola virus disease; and (2) the Tunisia project used several designs to assess a mental health training's effectiveness, and a case study design to explore contextual factors that may influence anticipated outcomes. RESULTS To share findings with participants, the RCI project relied on workshops and a pamphlet, and the Tunisia project relied on a structured half-day dissemination workshop and research summary. Facilitators that may have encouraged sharing and using findings include involving champions in dissemination activities, ongoing collaboration, and developing/implementing context-specific knowledge sharing strategies. Barriers include omitting to assess strategies, limited consideration of a wider audience, and the exclusion of a knowledge translation training component. CONCLUSIONS Our experiences might be useful to contexts involved in global and public health research that wish to address the "know-do gap."
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Spagnolo
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Centre de Recherche Charles-Le Moyne-Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean sur les Innovations en Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, J4K 0A8, Canada.
| | - Lara Gautier
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Nicole Leduc
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Wahid Melki
- Hôpital Razi, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Konan N'Guessan
- Ministère de la Santé et de l'Hygiène Publique, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Institut National d'Hygiène Publique, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Fatma Charfi
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Tunis El-Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Hôpital Mongi-Slim, La Marsa, Tunisia
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Affret A, Prigent O, Porcherie M, Aromatario O, Cambon L. Development of a knowledge translation taxonomy in the field of health prevention: a participative study between researchers, decision-makers and field professionals. Health Res Policy Syst 2020; 18:91. [PMID: 32799903 PMCID: PMC7429701 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-020-00602-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The current literature lacks a detailed and standardised description of public health knowledge translation (KT) activities designed to be applied at local levels of health systems. As part of an ongoing research project called the Transfert de connaissances en regions (TC-REG project), we aim to develop a local KT taxonomy in the field of health prevention by means of a participative study between researchers, decision-makers and field professionals. This KT taxonomy provides a comparative description of existing local health prevention KT strategies. Methods Two methods were used to design a participative process conducted in France to develop the taxonomy, combining professional meetings (two seminars) and qualitative interviews. The first step involved organising a seminar in Paris, attended by health prevention professionals from health agencies in four regions of France and regional non-profit organisations for health education and promotion. This led to the drafting of regional KT plans to be implemented in the four regions. In a second step, we conducted interviews to obtain a clear understanding of the KT activities implemented in the regions. Based on data from interviews, a KT taxonomy was drawn up and discussed during a second seminar. Results Our work resulted in a KT taxonomy composed of 35 standardised KT activities, grouped into 11 categories of KT activities, e.g. dissemination of evidence, support for use of evidence through processes and structures, KT advocacy, and so on. Conclusions The taxonomy appears to be a promising tool for developing and evaluating KT plans for health prevention in local contexts by providing some concrete examples of potential KT activities (advocacy) and a comparison of the same activities and their outcomes (evaluation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Affret
- Chaire de prévention ISPED/SPF, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Centre Inserm Université de Bordeaux U1219, BPH, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ollivier Prigent
- Chaire de prévention ISPED/SPF, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Linda Cambon
- Chaire de prévention ISPED/SPF, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. .,Centre Inserm Université de Bordeaux U1219, BPH, Bordeaux, France.
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Childhood disability: can people implement the F-words in low and middle-income countries - and how? Braz J Phys Ther 2020; 25:1-3. [PMID: 32763088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Miranda ÉDS, Figueiró AC, Potvin L. Are public health researchers in Brazil ready and supported to do knowledge translation? CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00003120. [PMID: 32267381 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00003120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louise Potvin
- École de Santé Publique de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Horwood C, Haskins L, Goga A, Doherty T, John V, Engebretsen IMS, Feucht U, Rollins N, Kroon M, Sanders D, Tylleskar T. An educational intervention to update health workers about HIV and infant feeding. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2019; 16:e12922. [PMID: 31845538 PMCID: PMC7083436 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Clinical guidelines are used to translate research findings into evidence-based clinical practice but are frequently not comprehensively adopted by health workers (HWs). HIV and infant feeding guidelines were revised by the World Health Organization to align feeding advice for HIV-exposed and unexposed infants, and these were adopted in South Africa in 2017. We describe an innovative, team-based, mentoring programme developed to update HWs on these guidelines. The intervention was underpinned by strong theoretical frameworks and aimed to improve HWs' attitudes, knowledge, confidence, and skills about breastfeeding in the context of HIV. On-site workshops and clinical mentoring used interactive participatory methods and a simple low-tech approach, guided by participants' self-reported knowledge gaps. Workshops were conducted at 24 participating clinics over three sessions, each lasting 1-2 hr. Evaluation data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Of 303 participating HWs, 249/303 (82.2%) attended all workshops. Achieving high workshop attendance was challenging and "catch-up" sessions were required to achieve good coverage. Common knowledge gaps identified included antiretroviral therapy adherence monitoring during breastfeeding and management of viral load results (173 participants), management of breast conditions (79), and advice about expressing and storing breastmilk (64). Most participants reported all their knowledge gaps were addressed and anticipated that their practice would change. We describe a feasible, sustainable approach to updating HWs on HIV and infant feeding guidelines and improving skills in breastfeeding counselling in resource-constrained settings. This approach could be adapted to other topics and, with further evaluation, implemented at scale using existing resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Horwood
- Centre for Rural Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Lyn Haskins
- Centre for Rural Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ameena Goga
- Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Tanya Doherty
- Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Vaughn John
- School of Education, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | | | - Ute Feucht
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Research Centre for Maternal, Fetal, Newborn and Child Health Care Strategies, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.,Maternal and Infant Health Care Strategies Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nigel Rollins
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Max Kroon
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Mowbray Maternity Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David Sanders
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Ligita T, Francis K, Wicking K, Harvey N, Nurjannah I. Using storylines for bilingual dissemination of a grounded theory. Nurse Res 2019; 27:13-18. [PMID: 31668046 DOI: 10.7748/nr.2019.e1652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A storyline in a grounded theory study plays two important roles: an analytical tool and a research product. Using more than one language in a study affects the research, including the dissemination of its findings. Very little literature discusses how to develop and disseminate a storyline. AIM This paper offers insight into the crafting of a storyline to disseminate a grounded theory study describing how people in Indonesia with diabetes learn about their disease. DISCUSSION This paper explains how the researchers developed the storyline. The authors then address considerations in the storyline's development and explain how they disseminated it, as well as the factors that influenced that dissemination. CONCLUSION Disseminating findings through a storyline written in the local language ensures that the target audience all have access to a study's outcomes through an easily readable publication. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE Sharing a storyline helps to disseminate the outcomes of a grounded theory study. It informs the wider community of new knowledge and enables it to review, understand and apply the outcomes of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titan Ligita
- James Cook University, College of Healthcare Sciences, Nursing, Midwifery and Nutrition, Townsville QLD, Australia
| | - Karen Francis
- James Cook University College of Healthcare Sciences, Townsville QLD, Australia
| | - Kristin Wicking
- James Cook University, College of Healthcare Sciences, Townsville QLD, Australia
| | - Nichole Harvey
- James Cook University, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Townsville QLD, Australia
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Poot CC, van der Kleij RM, Brakema EA, Vermond D, Williams S, Cragg L, van den Broek JM, Chavannes NH. From research to evidence-informed decision making: a systematic approach. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019. [PMID: 29538728 PMCID: PMC5896638 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Knowledge creation forms an integral part of the knowledge-to-action framework aimed at bridging the gap between research and evidence-informed decision making. Although principles of science communication, data visualisation and user-centred design largely impact the effectiveness of communication, their role in knowledge creation is still limited. Hence, this article aims to provide researchers a systematic approach on how knowledge creation can be put into practice. Methods A systematic two-phased approach towards knowledge creation was formulated and executed. First, during a preparation phase the purpose and audience of the knowledge were defined. Subsequently, a developmental phase facilitated how the content is 'said' (language) and communicated (channel). This developmental phase proceeded via two pathways: a translational cycle and design cycle, during which core translational and design components were incorporated. The entire approach was demonstrated by a case study. Results The case study demonstrated how the phases in this systematic approach can be operationalised. It furthermore illustrated how created knowledge can be delivered. Conclusion The proposed approach offers researchers a systematic, practical and easy-to-implement tool to facilitate effective knowledge creation towards decision-makers in healthcare. Through the integration of core components of knowledge creation evidence-informed decision making will ultimately be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte C Poot
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Postbus 9600 zone V-0-P, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne M van der Kleij
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Postbus 9600 zone V-0-P, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Evelyn A Brakema
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Postbus 9600 zone V-0-P, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Debbie Vermond
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Postbus 9600 zone V-0-P, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Siân Williams
- International Primary Care Respiratory Group, IPCRG, PO Box 11961, Westhill AB32 9AE, UK
| | - Liza Cragg
- International Primary Care Respiratory Group, IPCRG, PO Box 11961, Westhill AB32 9AE, UK
| | - Jos M van den Broek
- Department Science Communication & Society, Leiden University, PO Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Niels H Chavannes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Postbus 9600 zone V-0-P, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Applegate JA, Ahmed S, Khan MA, Alam S, Kabir N, Islam M, Bhuiyan M, Islam J, Rashid I, Wall S, de Graft-Johnson J, Baqui AH, George J. Early implementation of guidelines for managing young infants with possible serious bacterial infection in Bangladesh. BMJ Glob Health 2019; 4:e001643. [PMID: 31803507 PMCID: PMC6882554 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal infections remain a leading cause of newborn deaths globally. In 2015, WHO issued guidelines for managing possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) in young infants (0-59 days) with simpler antibiotic regimens if hospital referral is not feasible. Bangladesh was one of the first countries to adapt WHO guidance into national guidelines for implementation in primary healthcare facilities. Early implementation was led by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) in 10 subdistricts of Bangladesh with support from USAID's MaMoni Health System Strengthening project. This mixed methods implementation research case study explores programme feasibility and acceptability through analysis of service delivery data from 4590 sick young infants over a 15-month period, qualitative interviews with providers and MOHFW managers and documentation by project staff. Multistakeholder collaboration was key to ensuring facility readiness and feasibility of programme delivery. For the 514 (11%) infants classified as PSBI, provider adherence to prereferral treatment and follow-up varied across infection subcategories. Many clinical severe infection cases for whom referral was not feasible received the recommended two doses of injectable gentamicin and follow-up, suggesting delivery of simplified antibiotic treatment is feasible. However, prereferral antibiotic treatment was low for infants whose families accepted hospital referral, which highlights the need for additional focus on managing these cases in training and supervision. Systems for tracking sick infants that accept hospital referral are needed, and follow-up of all PSBI cases requires strengthening to ensure sick infants receive the recommended treatment, to monitor outcomes and assess the effectiveness of the programme. Only 11.2% (95% CI 10.3 to 12.1) of the expected PSBI cases sought care from the selected service delivery points in the programme period. However, increasing trends in utilisation suggest improved awareness and acceptability of services among families of young infants as the programme matured. Future programme activities should include interviews with caregivers to explore the complexities around referral feasibility and acceptability of simplified antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Applegate
- International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sabbir Ahmed
- MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening Project, Save the Children, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Marufa Aziz Khan
- MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening Project, Save the Children, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Alam
- MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening Project, Save the Children, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Nazmul Kabir
- MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening Project, Save the Children, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Munia Islam
- MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening Project, Save the Children, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun Bhuiyan
- MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening Project, Save the Children, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Jahurul Islam
- National Newborn Health Program, Government of Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
| | - Iftekhar Rashid
- United States Agency for International Development, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Steve Wall
- Save the Children, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Abdullah H Baqui
- International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joby George
- MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening Project, Save the Children, Dhaka, Dhaka District, Bangladesh
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Couto PDC, Figueiró AC. Avaliação dos usos e influências de pesquisas sobre prevenção e controle da anemia em crianças. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042019s208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO A pesquisa no Brasil é geralmente financiada com recursos públicos. A expectativa é de que o conhecimento produzido auxilie os tomadores de decisão na melhoria de programas e políticas visando ao alcance dos resultados esperados. Porém, a produção e a tradução do conhecimento em ação não é um processo linear, mas condicionado pelas opções dos pesquisadores e potenciais usuários em interação. Com o objetivo de compreender como agem os envolvidos na demanda, produção e utilização de resultados de estudos, este artigo apresenta a avaliação dos mecanismos envolvidos nos usos e influências do conhecimento produzido por pesquisas sobre anemia em crianças. Trata-se de pesquisa avaliativa, com estudo de caso único, níveis de análise imbricados e método qualitativo. Empregaram-se análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas, sendo as categorias de análise os modos de usos (instrumental, conceitual e simbólico) e influência (segundo o tempo e a fonte). Observaram-se as três formas de usos do conhecimento científico das pesquisas selecionadas pelos tomadores de decisão em diferentes momentos. Verificou-se maior influência do conhecimento em decisões de gestores quanto maior a aproximação entre gestão e pesquisa. Assim, o envolvimento de todos os atores para produção e uso efetivo do conhecimento faz-se necessário para que ocorra a translação do conhecimento.
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Silva JC, Alves CKDA, Oliveira SRDA. Cartão de Evento-Crítico: ferramenta analítica para translação do conhecimento. SAÚDE EM DEBATE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-11042019s201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Este estudo objetivou utilizar ferramenta analítica, o Cartão de Evento-Crítico (CEC), para potencializar a aplicação do conhecimento científico em promoção da saúde à tomada de decisão. Foi realizada oficina e sete entrevistas com usuários do conhecimento (representantes da gestão, usuários e profissionais de saúde) com intuito de mapear esses eventos-críticos ligados à promoção da saúde. Extraíram-se da oficina os acontecimentos ligados à promoção da saúde que marcaram a evolução da intervenção em Nova Aliança; e das entrevistas, os códigos preestabelecidos a partir da teoria presentes no CEC: actantes/atuantes, interesses, interações, mediação técnica, ações e consequências, utilizando a análise de conteúdo direcionada. Foram identificados três eventos-críticos relacionados com as ações de promoção da saúde: chegada do Programa de Agentes Comunitários (Pacs); 1º conselho local e implantação da residência multiprofissional e médica, os quais foram sistematizados de acordo com as categorias apresentadas. Observou-se que as categorias presentes possibilitaram a compreensão da intervenção e que o CEC é uma ferramenta útil que pode ajudar os tomadores de decisão a se beneficiarem dos conhecimentos científicos produzidos.
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Mc Sween-Cadieux E, Dagenais C, Somé DT, Ridde V. A health knowledge brokering intervention in a district of Burkina Faso: A qualitative retrospective implementation analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220105. [PMID: 31349363 PMCID: PMC6660220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A knowledge brokering (KB) intervention was implemented in Burkina Faso. By creating partnerships with health system actors in one district, the broker was expected to assess their knowledge needs, survey the literature to provide the most recent research evidence, produce various knowledge translation tools, and support them in using research to improve their actions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the key factors that influenced the KB project and to make recommendations for future initiatives. METHODS The qualitative design involved a single case study in which the KB intervention implementation was evaluated retrospectively. Data came from interviews with the intervention team (n = 4) and with various actors involved in the intervention (n = 16). Data from formative evaluations conducted during the KB implementation and observation data from a two-month field mission were also used. Two conceptual frameworks were combined to guide the analysis: the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (Damschroder et al., 2009) and the Ecological Framework (Durlak & DuPre, 2008). RESULTS Various KB activities were conducted during the first two years of implementation at the local level. The project came to an early end following vain efforts to relocate the intervention at the central level in order to further influence the policy process. Certain shortcomings in the implementation team negatively influenced the implementation: inadequate leadership, no shared vision regarding the reorientation of the intervention, challenges related to the KB role, and lack of frank communications internally. Other impediments to the intervention's deployment included local actors' lack of decision-making authority, the unavailability of resources and of organizational incentives for involvement in the KB intervention, and contextual challenges in accessing the central level. However, the KB strategy presented several strengths: collaborative development, support provided to local partners by the broker, and training opportunities and support provided to the broker. CONCLUSIONS More attention must be paid to intervention planning, partners' engagement, human, financial and technical resources availability, continuous development of skills and of communications within the KB team, and periodic assessment of potential obstacles related to the complexity of the system within which the intervention has been implemented. Using implementation science frameworks when developing KB strategies in the West African context should be promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Dagenais
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Donmozoun Télesphore Somé
- Agence de Formation de Recherche et d’Expertise en Santé pour l’Afrique (AFRICSanté), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Valéry Ridde
- French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development (IRD), CEPED (IRD-Université Paris Descartes), Universités Paris Sorbonne Cités, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, Paris, France
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Dussault G, Codjia L, Zurn P, Ridde V. [
Investing in human resources for health in French-speaking Africa: the contribution of the Muskoka project.]. SANTE PUBLIQUE 2019; S1:9-17. [PMID: 30066554 DOI: 10.3917/spub.180.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
This introduction presents the articles included in this special issue on “investing in human resources for health in French-speaking Africa”. It starts by placing the human resources issue in the context of the pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015. It then presents the Muskoka Project, launched by the French Government and implemented in collaboration with the World Health Organization and UNICEF, which supported studies on the quality of education of health workers and recruitment and retention issues in nine French-speaking African countries. The articles of this special issue are briefly presented together with the main lessons to be learned that can be useful for the design and implementation of interventions on the various topics concerned.
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Beaudoin-Dion FDR, Dagenais C, Archambault K, Garel P. [Art-based rehabilitation program training: a transfer of knowledge]. SANTE PUBLIQUE 2019; 30:785-797. [PMID: 30990267 DOI: 10.3917/spub.187.0785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the implementation, processes and perceived efficacy of a pilot project of knowledge transfer in public health, which involves the training/supervision of new practitioners in an art-based rehabilitation program. This innovative evidence-based intervention seeks to promote the well-being of youth with mental disorders through circus and theater workshops. The purpose of this study is to provide a formative evaluation of this pilot project in order to improve the intervention and the knowledge transfer practices in public health. METHODS This research is based on a participatory and mixed approach, with a ?triangulation-convergence? design, integrating a thematic analysis of qualitative data (semi-structured interviews and Focus Groups), a descriptive analysis of quantitative data (questionnaire of reaction) and a documentary compliance analysis (grid of activity monitoring). RESULTS The results show that the knowledge transfer strategy has resulted in the training of practitioners who feel ready to take charge of the project, despite implementation gaps. The main barrier was the prolonged and unforeseen absence of project leaders, for reasons out of their control. Nevertheless, the motivation and commitment of the team members acted as a catalyst in this pilot project, which became a setting for discussion and experimentation of the knowledge transfer strategy. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the benefits of adopting a participatory approach and mixed method in the evaluation of knowledge transfer in public health, which would better capture the inherent complexity of social interventions.
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A deliberative dialogue as a knowledge translation strategy on road traffic injuries in Burkina Faso: a mixed-method evaluation. Health Res Policy Syst 2018; 16:113. [PMID: 30458868 PMCID: PMC6247528 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-018-0388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Deliberative dialogues are increasingly being used, particularly on the African continent. They are a promising interactive knowledge translation strategy that brings together and leverages the knowledge of diverse stakeholders important to the resolution of a societal issue. Following a research project carried out in Burkina Faso on road traffic injuries, a 1-day workshop in the form of a deliberative dialogue was organised in November 2015. The workshop brought together actors involved in road safety, such as researchers, police and fire brigades, health professionals, non-governmental and civil society organisations, and representatives of government structures. The objective was to present the research results, propose recommendations to improve the situation and develop a collective action plan. Method To better understand the workshop’s utility and effects, a mixed-method evaluation was conducted. Data were obtained from two questionnaires distributed at the end of the workshop (n = 37) and 14 qualitative interviews with participants 6–10 weeks after the workshop. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the quantitative data, and a thematic analysis was conducted for the qualitative data. Results The data revealed several positive impacts of the workshop, such as the acquisition of new knowledge about road safety, the opportunity for participants to learn from each other, the creation of post-workshop collaborations, and individual behaviour changes. However, several challenges were encountered that constrained the potential effects of the workshop, including the limited presence of political actors, the lack of engagement among participants to develop an action plan, and the difficulty in setting up a monitoring committee following the workshop. Conclusion While the deliberative workshop is not the standard format for reporting research results in Burkina Faso, this model should be reproduced in different contexts. This interactive knowledge translation strategy is useful to benefit from the experiential knowledge of the various actors and to encourage their involvement in formulating recommendations.
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Malla C, Aylward P, Ward P. Knowledge translation for public health in low- and middle- income countries: a critical interpretive synthesis. Glob Health Res Policy 2018; 3:29. [PMID: 30377666 PMCID: PMC6196454 DOI: 10.1186/s41256-018-0084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Effective knowledge translation allows the optimisation of access to and utilisation of research knowledge in order to inform and enhance public health policy and practice. In low- and middle- income countries, there are substantial complexities that affect the way in which research can be utilised for public health action. This review attempts to draw out concepts in the literature that contribute to defining some of the complexities and contextual factors that influence knowledge translation for public health in low- and middle- income countries. Methods A Critical Interpretive Synthesis was undertaken, a method of analysis which allows a critical review of a wide range of heterogeneous evidence, through incorporating systematic review methods with qualitative enquiry techniques. A search for peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2016 on the topic of knowledge translation for public health in low- and middle – income countries was carried out, and 85 articles were reviewed and analysed using this method. Results Four main concepts were identified: 1) tension between ‘global’ and ‘local’ health research, 2) complexities in creating and accessing evidence, 3) contextualising knowledge translation strategies for low- and middle- income countries, and 4) the unique role of non-government organisations in the knowledge translation process. Conclusion This method of review has enabled the identification of key concepts that may inform practice or further research in the field of knowledge translation in low- and middle- income countries. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s41256-018-0084-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Malla
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Paul Aylward
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5042 Australia
| | - Paul Ward
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia 5042 Australia
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Bonnet E, Nikiéma A, Traoré Z, Sidbega S, Ridde V. Technological solutions for an effective health surveillance system for road traffic crashes in Burkina Faso. Glob Health Action 2018; 10:1295698. [PMID: 28574303 PMCID: PMC5496062 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2017.1295698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the early 2000s, electronic surveillance systems began to be developed to collect and transmit data on infectious diseases in low-income countries (LICs) in real-time using mobile technologies. Such surveillance systems, however, are still very rare in Africa. Among the non-infectious epidemics to be surveilled are road traffic injuries, which constitute major health events and are the fifth leading cause of mortality in Africa. This situation also prevails in Burkina Faso, whose capital city, Ouagadougou, is much afflicted by this burden. There is no surveillance system, but there have been occasional surveys, and media reports of fatal crashes are numerous and increasing in frequency. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to present the methodology and implementation of, and quality of results produced by, a prototype of a road traffic crash and trauma surveillance system in the city of Ouagadougou. METHODS A surveillance system was deployed in partnership with the National Police over a six-month period, from February to July 2015, across the entire city of Ouagadougou. Data were collected by all seven units of the city's National Police road crash intervention service. They were equipped with geotracers that geolocalized the crash sites and sent their positions by SMS (short message service) to a surveillance platform developed using the open-source tool Ushahidi. Descriptive statistical analyses and spatial analyses (kernel density) were subsequently performed on the data collected. RESULTS The process of data collection by police officers functioned well. Researchers were able to validate the data collection on road crashes by comparing the number of entries in the platform against the number of reports completed by the crash intervention teams. In total, 873 crash scenes were recorded over 3 months. The system was accessible on the Internet for open consultation of the map of crash sites. Crash-concentration analyses were produced that identified 'hot spots' in the city. Nearly 80% of crashes involved two-wheeled vehicles. Crashes were more numerous at night and during rush hours. They occurred primarily at intersections with traffic lights. With regard to health impacts, half of the injured were under the age of 29 years, and 6 persons were killed. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of developing simple surveillance systems, based on mHealth, in LICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bonnet
- a UMI Résiliences 236 , French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) , Bondy , France
| | - Aude Nikiéma
- b CNRST , Institut des Sciences des Sociétés (INSS) , Ouagadougou , Burkina Faso
| | | | - Salifou Sidbega
- d Département de Géographie , Université de Ouagadougou , Ouagadougou , Burkina Faso
| | - Valéry Ridde
- e University of Montreal School of Public Health (ESPUM) , Montreal , Canada.,f University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM) , Montreal , Canada
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Fournet F, Jourdain F, Bonnet E, Degroote S, Ridde V. Effective surveillance systems for vector-borne diseases in urban settings and translation of the data into action: a scoping review. Infect Dis Poverty 2018; 7:99. [PMID: 30217142 PMCID: PMC6137924 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-018-0473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) continue to represent a global threat, with “old” diseases like malaria, and “emergent” or “re-emergent” ones like Zika, because of an increase in international trade, demographic growth, and rapid urbanization. In this era of globalization, surveillance is a key element in controlling VBDs in urban settings, but surveillance alone cannot solve the problem. A review of experiences is of interest to examine other solution elements. The objectives were to assess the different means of VBD surveillance in urban environments, to evaluate their potential for supporting public health actions, and to describe the tools used for public health actions, the constraints they face, and the research and health action gaps to be filled. Main body For this scoping review we searched peer-reviewed articles and grey literature published between 2000 and 2016. Various tools were used for data coding and extraction. A quality assessment was done for each study reviewed, and descriptive characteristics and data on implementation process and transferability were analyzed in all studies. After screening 414 full-text articles, we retained a total of 79 articles for review. The main targets of the articles were arboviral diseases (65.8%) and malaria (16.5%). The positive aspects of many studies fit within the framework of integrated vector management. Public awareness is considered a key to successful vector control programs. Advocacy and legislation can reinforce both empowerment and capacity building. These can be achieved by collaboration within the health sector and with other sectors. Research is needed to develop well designed studies and new tools for surveillance and control. Conclusions The need for surveillance systems in urban settings in both developing and developed countries was highlighted. Countries face the same challenges relating to human, financial, and structural resources. These findings also constitute a wake-up call for governments, academia, funders, and World Health Organization to strengthen control programs and enhance VBD research in urban environments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0473-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Fournet
- Infectious Diseases and Vectors Ecology, Genetics, Evolution and Control (MIVEGEC), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Frédéric Jourdain
- Infectious Diseases and Vectors Ecology, Genetics, Evolution and Control (MIVEGEC), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Emmanuel Bonnet
- Résiliences, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, 32 Avenue Henri Varagnat, 93140, Bondy, France
| | - Stéphanie Degroote
- University of Montreal, Public Health Research Institute, 7101 avenue du Parc, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Valéry Ridde
- University of Montreal, Public Health Research Institute, 7101 avenue du Parc, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Population and Development Center (CEPED), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Université Paris Sorbonne, 45, rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
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Ridde V, Dagenais C. What we have learnt (so far) about deliberative dialogue for evidence-based policymaking in West Africa. BMJ Glob Health 2017; 2:e000432. [PMID: 29259821 PMCID: PMC5728265 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Policy decisions do not always take into account research results, and there is still little research being conducted on interventions that promote their use, particularly in Africa. To promote the use of research evidence in Africa, deliberative dialogue workshops are increasingly recommended as a means to establish evidence-informed dialogue among multiple stakeholders engaged in policy decision-making. In this paper, we reflect on our experiences of conducting national workshops in six African countries, and we propose operational recommendations for those wishing to organise deliberative dialogue. Our reflective and cross-sectional analysis of six national deliberative dialogue workshops in which we participated shows there are many specific challenges that should be taken into account when organising such encounters. In conclusion, we offer operational recommendations, drawn from our experience, to guide the preparation and conduct of deliberative workshops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéry Ridde
- School of Public Health, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Canada
- IRD (French Institute For Research on sustainable Development), CEPED (IRD-Université Paris Descartes), Universités Paris Sorbonne Cités, ERL INSERM SAGESUD, Paris, France
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Benmarhnia T, Huang JY, Jones CM. Lost in Translation: Piloting a Novel Framework to Assess the Challenges in Translating Scientific Uncertainty From Empirical Findings to WHO Policy Statements. Int J Health Policy Manag 2017; 6:649-660. [PMID: 29179291 PMCID: PMC5675583 DOI: 10.15171/ijhpm.2017.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calls for evidence-informed public health policy, with implicit promises of greater program effectiveness, have intensified recently. The methods to produce such policies are not self-evident, requiring a conciliation of values and norms between policy-makers and evidence producers. In particular, the translation of uncertainty from empirical research findings, particularly issues of statistical variability and generalizability, is a persistent challenge because of the incremental nature of research and the iterative cycle of advancing knowledge and implementation. This paper aims to assess how the concept of uncertainty is considered and acknowledged in World Health Organization (WHO) policy recommendations and guidelines. METHODS We selected four WHO policy statements published between 2008-2013 regarding maternal and child nutrient supplementation, infant feeding, heat action plans, and malaria control to represent topics with a spectrum of available evidence bases. Each of these four statements was analyzed using a novel framework to assess the treatment of statistical variability and generalizability. RESULTS WHO currently provides substantial guidance on addressing statistical variability through GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) ratings for precision and consistency in their guideline documents. Accordingly, our analysis showed that policy-informing questions were addressed by systematic reviews and representations of statistical variability (eg, with numeric confidence intervals). In contrast, the presentation of contextual or "background" evidence regarding etiology or disease burden showed little consideration for this variability. Moreover, generalizability or "indirectness" was uniformly neglected, with little explicit consideration of study settings or subgroups. CONCLUSION In this paper, we found that non-uniform treatment of statistical variability and generalizability factors that may contribute to uncertainty regarding recommendations were neglected, including the state of evidence informing background questions (prevalence, mechanisms, or burden or distributions of health problems) and little assessment of generalizability, alternate interventions, and additional outcomes not captured by systematic review. These other factors often form a basis for providing policy recommendations, particularly in the absence of a strong evidence base for intervention effects. Consequently, they should also be subject to stringent and systematic evaluation criteria. We suggest that more effort is needed to systematically acknowledge (1) when evidence is missing, conflicting, or equivocal, (2) what normative considerations were also employed, and (3) how additional evidence may be accrued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Benmarhnia
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health & Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Y Huang
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine M Jones
- Chaire approches communautaires et inégalités de santé, Institut de recherche en santé publique, École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Smith E, Haustein S, Mongeon P, Shu F, Ridde V, Larivière V. Knowledge sharing in global health research - the impact, uptake and cost of open access to scholarly literature. Health Res Policy Syst 2017; 15:73. [PMID: 28851401 PMCID: PMC5576373 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-017-0235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 1982, the Annals of Virology published a paper showing how Liberia has a highly endemic potential of Ebola warning health authorities of the risk for potential outbreaks; this journal is only available by subscription. Limiting the accessibility of such knowledge may have reduced information propagation toward public health actors who were indeed surprised by and unprepared for the 2014 epidemic. Open access (OA) publication can allow for increased access to global health research (GHR). Our study aims to assess the use, cost and impact of OA diffusion in the context of GHR. METHOD A total of 3366 research articles indexed under the Medical Heading Subject Heading "Global Health" published between 2010 and 2014 were retrieved using PubMed to (1) quantify the uptake of various types of OA, (2) estimate the article processing charges (APCs) of OA, and (3) analyse the relationship between different types of OA, their scholarly impact and gross national income per capita of citing countries. RESULTS Most GHR publications are not available directly on the journal's website (69%). Further, 60.8% of researchers do not self-archive their work even when it is free and in keeping with journal policy. The total amount paid for APCs was estimated at US$1.7 million for 627 papers, with authors paying on average US$2732 per publication; 94% of APCs were paid to journals owned by the ten most prominent publication houses from high-income countries. Researchers from low- and middle-income countries are generally citing less expensive types of OA, while researchers in high-income countries are citing the most expensive OA. CONCLUSIONS Although OA may help in building global research capacity in GHR, the majority of publications remain subscription only. It is logical and cost-efficient for institutions and researchers to promote OA by self-archiving publications of restricted access, as it not only allows research to be cited by a broader audience, it also augments citation rates. Although OA does not ensure full knowledge transfer from research to practice, limiting public access can negatively impact implementation and outcomes of health policy and reduce public understanding of health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Smith
- École de Bibliothéconomie et des Sciences de l’Information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
- Sciences Humaines Appliquées (Option Bioéthique), Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Stefanie Haustein
- École de Bibliothéconomie et des Sciences de l’Information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Philippe Mongeon
- École de Bibliothéconomie et des Sciences de l’Information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Fei Shu
- School of Information Studies, McGill University, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Valéry Ridde
- École de Santé Publique, Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
- Université de Montréal Public Health Research Institute (Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique (IRSPUM)), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Vincent Larivière
- École de Bibliothéconomie et des Sciences de l’Information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
- Observatoire des Sciences et des Technologies (OST - CIRST), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
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Mc Sween-Cadieux E, Dagenais C, Somé PA, Ridde V. Research dissemination workshops: observations and implications based on an experience in Burkina Faso. Health Res Policy Syst 2017; 15:43. [PMID: 28577560 PMCID: PMC5455175 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-017-0205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Burkina Faso, malaria remains the primary cause of healthcare use, morbidity and child mortality. Therefore, efforts are needed to support the knowledge transfer and application of the results of numerous studies to better formulate and implement programs in the fight against the malaria pandemic. To this end, a 2-day dissemination workshop was held to share the most recent results produced by a multidisciplinary research team. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the workshop and the policy briefs distributed there, the effects these produced on research results use and the processes that facilitated, or not, the application of the knowledge transmitted. Methods A mixed-methods design was used. The data were drawn from a quantitative evaluation questionnaire completed after the workshop (n = 25/31) and qualitative interviews conducted with the researchers and various actors who attended the workshop (n = 11) and with participants in working groups (n = 40) that later analysed the policy briefs distributed at the workshop. Results The participants recognised the quality of the research results presented, but felt that more needed to be done to adapt the researchers’ language and improve the functioning of the workshop. The potential effects of the workshop were rather limited. Effects were mainly at two levels: individual (e.g. acquisition of new knowledge, personal awareness raising) and local (e.g. change of practice in a local non-governmental organisation). Most participants perceived the utility of the research results, but several reported that their narrow decisional power limited their ability to apply this knowledge. Conclusions This study showed the importance of workshops to inform key actors of research results and the need to undertake several different activities to increase the chances that the knowledge will be applied. Several recommendations are proposed to improve knowledge translation approaches in the West African context, including organising working and discussion groups, developing an action plan at the end of the workshop and offering support to participants after the workshop, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mc Sween-Cadieux
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, P.O. Box 6128, Centre-ville Station, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Christian Dagenais
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, P.O. Box 6128, Centre-ville Station, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Paul-André Somé
- Action-Governance-Integration-Reinforcement/Health and Development Work Group (AGIR /SD), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Valéry Ridde
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal (ESPUM), 7101, Avenue du Parc, 3rd Floor, Montreal, QC, H3N 1X9, Canada.,University of Montreal Public Health Institute (IRSPUM), Montreal, Canada
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Bermudez-Tamayo C, Mukamana O, Carabali M, Osorio L, Fournet F, Dabiré KR, Turchi Marteli C, Contreras A, Ridde V. Priorities and needs for research on urban interventions targeting vector-borne diseases: rapid review of scoping and systematic reviews. Infect Dis Poverty 2016; 5:104. [PMID: 27903305 PMCID: PMC5131554 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-016-0198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper highlights the critical importance of evidence on vector-borne diseases (VBD) prevention and control interventions in urban settings when assessing current and future needs, with a view to setting policy priorities that promote inclusive and equitable urban health services. Research should produce knowledge about policies and interventions that are intended to control and prevent VBDs at the population level and to reduce inequities. Such interventions include policy, program, and resource distribution approaches that address the social determinants of health and exert influence at organizational and system levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bermudez-Tamayo
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Campus de la Cartuja s/n, Granada, 18010, Spain.,CIBERESP-Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Olive Mukamana
- CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, H3T 1C4, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mabel Carabali
- McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, H3A 0G4, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lyda Osorio
- Universidad del Valle (UDV), Cl. 13 #100-00, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Florence Fournet
- IRD, Research Unit: MIVEGEC (Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle), 911, avenue Agropolis, Montpellier, France.,IRSS, Bobo-Dioulasso, 399, Avenue de la Liberté, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Kounbobr Roch Dabiré
- IRSS, Bobo-Dioulasso, 399, Avenue de la Liberté, Direction Régionale de l'Ouest, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Celina Turchi Marteli
- Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhâes - Fiocruz/Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Campus da UFPE, Cidade Universitária, CEP: 50.740-465, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Adolfo Contreras
- Universidad del Valle (UDV), Cl. 13 #100-00, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Valéry Ridde
- University of Montreal Public Health Research Institute (IRSPUM), 7101, Avenue du Parc., Montreal, H3N1X9, Quebec, Canada. .,Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, 7101, Avenue du Parc., Montreal, H3N1X9, Quebec, Canada.
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Sanyang E, Butler-Dawson J, Mikulski MA, Cook T, Kuye RA, Venzke K, Fuortes LJ. Environmental and occupational health needs assessment in West Africa: opportunities for research and training. Int J Public Health 2016; 62:317-325. [PMID: 27592360 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-016-0881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Data are lacking on environmental and occupational health risks and resources available for the prevention of related diseases in the West African subregion. METHODS A needs assessment survey was conducted to identify environmental and occupational health concerns, and needs and strategies for skills training in the region. The survey was followed by a consensus-building workshop to discuss research and training priorities with representatives from countries participating in the study. RESULTS Two hundred and two respondents from 12 countries participated in the survey. Vector-borne diseases, solid waste, deforestation, surface and ground water contamination together with work-related stress, occupational injury and pesticide toxicity were ranked as top environmental and occupational health priorities, respectively, in the region. Top training priorities included occupational health, environmental toxicology and analytic laboratory techniques with semester-long Africa-based courses as the preferred type of training for the majority of the courses. Major differences were found between the subregion's three official language groups, both in perceived health risks and training courses needed. CONCLUSIONS The study results have implications for regional policies and practice in the area of environmental and occupational health research and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edrisa Sanyang
- Department of Public and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The University of The Gambia, Brikama Campus, P.O. Box 5330, Serrekunda, Gambia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 4261 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jaime Butler-Dawson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 4261 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Marek A Mikulski
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 2213 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Thomas Cook
- Ponseti International Association, University of Iowa Healthcare, 118 College of Medicine Administration Building, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Rex A Kuye
- Department of Public and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The University of The Gambia, Brikama Campus, P.O. Box 5330, Serrekunda, Gambia
| | - Kristina Venzke
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 4261 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Laurence J Fuortes
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 2207 Westlawn, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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Ridde V. Need for more and better implementation science in global health. BMJ Glob Health 2016; 1:e000115. [PMID: 28588947 PMCID: PMC5321336 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valéry Ridde
- Universite de Montreal, School of Public Health (ESPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Universite de Montreal Institut de recherche en sante publique (IRSPUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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N’koué Sambiéni E, Danko N, Ridde V. La Fièvre Hémorragique à Virus Lassa au Bénin en 2014 en contexte d’Ebola : une épidémie révélatrice de la faiblesse du système sanitaire. ANTHROPOLOGIE & SANTÉ 2015. [DOI: 10.4000/anthropologiesante.1772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Call for reviews on global health challenges. Int J Public Health 2015; 60:753-4. [PMID: 26323833 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-015-0732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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